A spray combustion test device for metal-based gel fuel

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of spray combustion test device for metal-based gel fuel, comprising: combustion unit, gel supply unit, premixed gas unit, fluidized gas unit, cooling unit and data acquisition unit;Combustion unit includes: furnace body, spray generator and combustion observation cover;Combustion observation cover is coaxially arranged with furnace body and is communicated with each other, and combustion observation cover is located on the upside of furnace body;Spray generator is connected with the bottom of furnace body, and spray generator and furnace body are coaxially extended into furnace body;Premixed gas unit is connected with furnace body;Gel supply unit, fluidized gas unit are connected with spray generator respectively;Cooling unit is connected with spray generator and data acquisition unit respectively;Data acquisition unit is connected with combustion observation cover.The present application can realize the good atomization of gel, and directly obtain flame appearance, flue gas, spectrum and condensed phase particles, and the high-temperature hot gas wake created by it is closer to the high-temperature hot environment in actual engine combustion chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an ignition and combustion test apparatus, and more particularly to a spray combustion test apparatus for metal-based gel fuels. Background Technology

[0002] As a novel propellant, gel propellants possess advantages such as high specific impulse, adjustable flow rate, and safe storage, thus exhibiting broad application potential. Furthermore, thanks to the presence of the gel network, high-energy solid particles such as boron and aluminum can be stably suspended within the gel, further enhancing the propellant's energy properties, including density and calorific value. Currently, researching novel engines using metal-based gels as fuel has become a new and important research direction.

[0003] Despite the significant potential advantages of metal-based gels, the optimal atomization and combustion of the metal particles within them have a decisive impact on engine performance. Gels typically undergo atomization, fragmentation, mixing, and evaporative combustion processes, resulting in a very short residence time within the engine. Furthermore, while solid particles such as boron and aluminum possess high calorific values, the presence of their surface oxide layers hinders further reactions. Therefore, it is essential to comprehensively consider various factors, rationally design the engine structure and operating conditions, and optimize combustion organization methods to achieve rapid ignition and combustion of metal particles, thereby improving the combustion efficiency of metal-based gels and enhancing engine performance.

[0004] Most research on metal-based gels is limited to single-droplet experiments, which differs significantly from the actual working process of gels in engines. The gels themselves have complex physical properties; the presence of gelling agents causes them to exhibit non-Newtonian fluid characteristics. In particular, the high viscosity of metal-based gels can lead to poor atomization and even nozzle clogging. Furthermore, the spray combustion process of metal-based gels involves the complexity of solid-liquid two-phase coupled combustion, and its spray combustion mechanism needs further refinement, while its environmental performance also requires evaluation. Therefore, this invention proposes a gel spray combustion test device to optimize the atomization and combustion process of metal-based gels, while simultaneously studying the mechanism of action of metal-based gel spray combustion. This provides a theoretical basis and guidance for its efficient combustion and overall engine design, laying the foundation for achieving green and sustainable development in the aviation field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a spray combustion test apparatus for metal-based gel fuels.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a spray combustion test device for metal-based gel fuels, comprising: a combustion unit, a gel supply unit, a premixed gas unit, a fluidizing gas unit, a cooling unit, and a data acquisition unit connected to the combustion unit;

[0007] The combustion unit includes: a furnace body, a spray generator, and a combustion observation hood;

[0008] The combustion observation cover is coaxially connected to the furnace body, and the combustion observation cover is located on the upper side of the furnace body;

[0009] The spray generator is connected to the bottom of the furnace body, and the spray generator and the furnace body extend coaxially into the furnace body;

[0010] The premixed gas unit is connected to the furnace body;

[0011] The gel supply unit and the fluidizing gas unit are respectively connected to the spray generator;

[0012] The cooling unit is connected to a portion of the spray generator and the data acquisition unit, respectively.

[0013] The data acquisition unit is connected to the combustion observation hood.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present invention, the furnace body includes: a lower furnace body, an upper furnace body, a rectifier baffle, a porous furnace plate, a premixed gas distributor, and a spark plug;

[0015] The upper part of the furnace body, the porous furnace plate, and the lower part of the furnace body are connected and arranged sequentially from top to bottom;

[0016] The rectifier baffle is disposed inside the lower part of the furnace body, and the rectifier baffle is spaced apart from the porous furnace plate;

[0017] The premixed gas distributor is installed on the side wall of the lower part of the furnace body, and the position where the premixed gas distributor is connected to the lower part of the furnace body is below the rectifier baffle.

[0018] The spark plug is installed on the side wall of the upper part of the furnace body.

[0019] According to one aspect of the present invention, the lower part of the furnace body includes: a lower cylinder, a cylinder bottom plate disposed at the bottom end of the lower cylinder, and a positioning support cylinder disposed on the upper side of the cylinder bottom plate;

[0020] The bottom plate of the cylinder is a hollow annular plate, and its outer side is fixedly connected to the inner side of the bottom end of the lower cylinder.

[0021] The positioning support cylinder is a hollow cylinder with openings at both ends. Its bottom end is fixedly connected to the upper side of the bottom plate of the cylinder. The hollow part of the positioning support cylinder and the hollow part of the bottom plate of the cylinder are interconnected to form an interlocking channel for installing the spray generator.

[0022] According to one aspect of the present invention, the rectifier baffle is generally an annular plate, with its radially inner side nested with the outer side of the positioning support cylinder, and its radially outer side nested with the inner side of the lower cylinder.

[0023] The rectifier baffle is regularly arranged with multiple rectifier holes;

[0024] The porous furnace tray includes: an annular furnace tray body, a first furnace tray support disposed on the inner side of the annular furnace tray body, and a second furnace tray support disposed on the outer side of the annular furnace tray body;

[0025] The first furnace plate is supported at the upper end of the positioning support cylinder, and the second furnace plate is supported between the lower part of the furnace body and the upper part of the furnace body;

[0026] The annular furnace plate has multiple gas passages regularly arranged on its main body.

[0027] According to one aspect of the present invention, an upper zirconia bead structure and a lower zirconia bead structure are provided on the upper side of the rectifier baffle;

[0028] The premixed gas distributor is connected to the lower part of the furnace body at a position below the rectifier baffle.

[0029] The diameter of the rectifier hole in the rectifier baffle is smaller than the diameter of the zirconia beads in the lower zirconia bead structure.

[0030] The diameter of the gas passage on the main body of the annular furnace plate is 0.8 to 1.0 mm, and the center distance between adjacent gas passages is 1.2 to 1.7 mm.

[0031] According to one aspect of the present invention, the upper part of the furnace body is a hollow cylinder with openings at opposite ends;

[0032] The premixed gas distributor includes: a hollow distribution ring, a connecting pipe disposed on the radial inner side of the distribution ring, and a premixed gas inlet disposed on the radial outer side of the distribution ring;

[0033] Along the circumference of the distribution ring, multiple connecting pipes are arranged at regular intervals, and each connecting pipe is connected to the lower cylinder.

[0034] According to one aspect of the present invention, the spray generator comprises: a generator body, a liquid cap, an air cap, and a sealing cap;

[0035] The air cap, the liquid cap, and the generator body are coaxially connected sequentially from top to bottom.

[0036] The sealing cap is connected to the upper end of the generator body and is used to seal the air cap and the liquid cap in the hollow part;

[0037] The generator body is cylindrical in shape, and a first gel channel, a first fluidizing gas channel and a cooling water channel are provided in the generator body.

[0038] The first gel channel is connected to the gel supply unit;

[0039] The first fluidizing gas channel is connected to the fluidizing gas unit;

[0040] The cooling water channel is connected to the cooling unit;

[0041] The liquid cap has an overall columnar structure, and a second gel channel and a second fluidizing gas channel are provided in the liquid cap;

[0042] The air cap has an overall columnar structure, and a mixing channel is provided in the liquid cap;

[0043] The second gel channel is connected to the first gel channel;

[0044] The second fluidizing gas channel is connected to the first fluidizing gas channel;

[0045] The mixing channel is connected to the second gel channel and the second fluidizing gas channel, respectively;

[0046] The cooling water channel is connected to the hollow part of the sealing cap to supply cooling water to the air cap and the liquid cap.

[0047] According to one aspect of the present invention, the first gel channel is arranged coaxially with the generator body and extends axially through opposite ends of the generator body;

[0048] Multiple first fluidizing gas channels are provided on the generator body, and the multiple first fluidizing gas channels are equally spaced around the first gel channel; wherein, the upper end of the first fluidizing gas channel along the axial direction has an opening at the upper end of the generator body, and its lower end along the axial direction has an opening at the lower end or side wall of the generator body.

[0049] Multiple cooling water channels are provided on the generator body, and the multiple cooling water channels are equally spaced around the first gel channel; wherein, the upper end of the cooling water channel along the axial direction has an opening at the upper end of the generator body, and the lower end along the axial direction has an opening at the lower end or side wall of the generator body.

[0050] Along the radial direction of the generator body, the distance between the cooling water channel and the first gel channel is greater than the distance between the first fluidizing gas channel and the first gel channel;

[0051] The second gel channel is coaxially arranged with the liquid cap, and a gel distributor is provided at the end of the second gel channel away from the generator body;

[0052] The second fluidizing gas channel is configured to correspond one-to-one with the first fluidizing gas channel, and the second fluidizing gas channel is arranged at equal intervals around the second gel channel;

[0053] The second fluidizing gas channel is inclined toward the second gel channel in a direction away from the generator body;

[0054] The mixing channel includes: a first mixing channel portion and a second mixing channel portion arranged coaxially;

[0055] The first mixing channel portion and the second mixing channel portion are arranged sequentially in a direction away from the liquid cap;

[0056] The first mixing channel portion and the second mixing channel portion are both conical annular channels;

[0057] The large-diameter end of the second mixing channel portion is connected to the small-diameter end of the first mixing channel portion.

[0058] According to one aspect of the present invention, an extension tube is coaxially provided at the end of the liquid cap away from the generator body;

[0059] The extension tube extends into the second mixing channel portion, and the outer diameter of the extension tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the second mixing channel portion;

[0060] The hollow portion of the extension tube is connected to the second gel channel, and the gel distribution member is disposed at one end of the extension tube that extends into the second mixing channel.

[0061] According to one aspect of the present invention, the combustion observation hood is a hollow hood with an opening at the lower end, comprising: an observation hood body and a quartz glass plate;

[0062] The observation hood has an installation window on its side wall, and the quartz glass plate is installed on the installation window.

[0063] The gel supply unit includes: a support, a syringe supported on the support, and a squeezing assembly;

[0064] The syringe is used to contain metal-based gel fuel, and the extrusion assembly is connected to the syringe;

[0065] The data acquisition unit includes: a camera, a spectrometer, a spring sampler, a water-cooled probe, and a flue gas analyzer;

[0066] The camera is positioned opposite the quartz glass plate;

[0067] The spectrometer, the spring sampler, and the water-cooled probe are respectively connected to the main body of the observation hood;

[0068] The flue gas analyzer is connected to the water-cooled probe.

[0069] According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention can simulate gel spray combustion tests under different gas composition and different gas temperature environments, realize the spray combustion of gels with different metal types, particle sizes and contents in the flame field, and obtain parameters such as flame morphology, ignition delay time, combustion product morphology, particle size and gaseous pollutants.

[0070] According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention can achieve good atomization of gel and directly obtain flame morphology, flue gas, spectrum and condensed particles. At the same time, the high-temperature gas heat tracing created by the planar flame furnace is closer to the high-temperature thermal environment in the combustion chamber of an actual engine, and the obtained experimental data has high engineering application value.

[0071] According to one aspect of the present invention, the flow rate of the gel can be precisely controlled by adjusting the amount of travel of the precision syringe, thus ensuring the repeatability of the experiment.

[0072] According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention can create a high-temperature premixed flame, and parameters such as gas composition, gas temperature and airflow velocity can be adjusted according to experimental requirements.

[0073] According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention can utilize a flue gas analysis device to obtain information on pollutant release during the combustion process of metal-based gel spray, providing a basis for optimizing its combustion.

[0074] According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention utilizes a high-speed camera to obtain parameters such as flame morphology and ignition delay time, providing a basis for determining the combustion characteristics of metal-based gel spray.

[0075] According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention collects the combustion products of metal particles using a spring sampler and performs offline detection on the combustion products using SEM, XRD, etc., to obtain the combustion state of metal particles under different working conditions, locations, and times during the metal-based gel spray combustion process.

[0076] According to one aspect of the present invention, compared with the traditional single droplet test, the metal-based gel spray combustion environment created by the planar flame burner is closer to the actual gel working process in the engine, and the obtained test data has higher engineering application value. Attached Figure Description

[0077] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a spray combustion test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a spray combustion test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a spray generator according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a gel distribution component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation structure of a gel distribution component according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a gel distribution component according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0083] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation structure of a gel distribution component according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0084] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a gel distribution component according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0085] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a gel distribution component according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0086] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a syringe according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0087] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a syringe according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0088] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a spring sampler according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0089] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of a water-cooled probe according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0090] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a boron-containing gel spray combustion flame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0091] Figure 15This is a schematic representation of the morphology of the intermediate products of boron particle combustion in a boron-containing gel spray according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0092] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0093] In describing embodiments of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" express orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the relevant drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0094] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments cannot be described in detail here, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments.

[0095] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a spray combustion test apparatus for metal-based gel fuel includes: a combustion unit 1, a gel supply unit 2, a premixed gas unit, a fluidizing gas unit, a cooling unit, and a data acquisition unit 3 connected to the combustion unit 1; in this embodiment, the combustion unit 1 includes: a furnace body 11, a spray generator 12, and a combustion observation hood 13; wherein, the combustion observation hood 13 is coaxially arranged and communicates with the furnace body 11, and the combustion observation hood 13 is located on the upper side of the furnace body 11; the spray generator 12 is connected to the bottom of the furnace body 11, and the spray generator 12 extends coaxially into the furnace body 11. In this embodiment, the premixed gas unit is connected to the furnace body 11; the gel supply unit 2 and the fluidizing gas unit are respectively connected to the spray generator 12; the cooling unit is respectively connected to a portion of the spray generator 12 and the data acquisition unit 3; the data acquisition unit 3 is connected to the combustion observation hood 13.

[0096] In this embodiment, the spray combustion test device is supported on a test platform, which includes a horizontal platform surface 41 and vertical support plates 42. Two vertical support plates 42 are spaced apart on the lower side of the horizontal platform surface 41 and are arranged opposite each other to achieve stable support for the horizontal platform surface 41.

[0097] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the furnace body 11 is supported on a horizontal platform 41. The furnace body 11 includes: a lower furnace body 111, an upper furnace body 112, a rectifier baffle 113, a perforated furnace plate 114, a premixed gas distributor 115, and a spark plug 116. In this embodiment, the upper furnace body 112, the perforated furnace plate 114, and the lower furnace body 111 are connected sequentially from top to bottom; the rectifier baffle 113 is disposed inside the lower furnace body 111, and the rectifier baffle 113 and the perforated furnace plate 114 are spaced apart. In this embodiment, the premixed gas distributor 115 is installed on the side wall of the lower furnace body 111, and the position where the premixed gas distributor 115 connects to the lower furnace body 111 is below the rectifier baffle 113; the spark plug 116 is installed on the side wall of the upper furnace body 112.

[0098] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the lower part 111 of the furnace body includes: a lower cylindrical body 111a, a cylindrical bottom plate 111b disposed at the bottom end of the lower cylindrical body 111a, and a positioning support cylinder 111c disposed on the upper side of the cylindrical bottom plate 111b; wherein, the lower cylindrical body 111a is generally cylindrical, and connecting flanges are provided on the outer sides of its upper and lower ends to realize the connection with corresponding structures, for example, by using threaded fasteners. In this embodiment, the cylindrical bottom plate 111b is a hollow annular plate, and its outer side is fixedly connected to the inner side of the bottom end of the lower cylindrical body 111a; the positioning support cylinder 111c is a hollow cylindrical body with openings at both ends, and its bottom end is fixedly connected to the upper side of the cylindrical bottom plate 111b, and the hollow part of the positioning support cylinder 111c and the hollow part of the cylindrical bottom plate 111b are interconnected to form an fitting channel for the spray generator 12 to be installed.

[0099] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the rectifier baffle 113 is generally annular, with its radially inner side nested with the outer side of the positioning support cylinder 111c, and its radially outer side nested with the inner side of the lower cylinder 111a; wherein, the rectifier baffle 113 is regularly provided with a plurality of rectifier holes. In this embodiment, a support step surface is provided on the outer surface of the positioning support cylinder 111c, thereby realizing the sleeve support between the inner annular edge of the rectifier baffle 113 and the positioning support cylinder 111c. Correspondingly, a support step surface is provided on the inner side of the lower cylinder 111a to realize the support of the outer annular edge of the rectifier baffle 113. In this embodiment, the two radial annular edges of the rectifier baffle 113 can be fixed to the positioning support cylinder 111c and the lower cylinder 111a respectively by threaded connectors. Of course, in another embodiment, the two radial annular edges of the rectifier baffle 113 can be fixed by means of sleeve pressing. Specifically, a first sleeve can be provided to be fitted with the positioning support cylinder 111c, so that the bottom end of the first sleeve can be used to press the rectifier baffle 113. Of course, after the first sleeve is fitted with the positioning support cylinder 111c, a threaded connector can be used to fix the first sleeve and the positioning support cylinder 111c together. Correspondingly, a second sleeve can be provided to be fitted with the lower cylinder 111a, so that the bottom end of the second sleeve can be used to press the rectifier baffle 113 together. Of course, after the second sleeve is fitted with the lower cylinder 111a, a threaded connector can be used to fix the second sleeve and the lower cylinder 111a together.

[0100] In this embodiment, the height of the rectifier baffle 113 from the bottom plate 111b of the cylinder is 15mm to 24mm, so as to achieve a certain space below the rectifier baffle 113 to form a premixing zone connected to the premixed gas distributor 115.

[0101] In this embodiment, the diameter of the rectifier hole on the rectifier baffle 113 is 1.8-2mm, the center-to-center distance between adjacent holes is 3.8-4.3mm, and 6 rectifier holes are evenly arranged around each rectifier hole, with the micro-hole area distributed between 60-150mm.

[0102] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the porous furnace tray 114 includes: an annular furnace tray body 114a, a first furnace tray support 114b disposed inside the annular furnace tray body 114a, and a second furnace tray support 114c disposed outside the annular furnace tray body 114a; wherein, the first furnace tray support 114b is supported on the upper end of the positioning support cylinder 111c, and the second furnace tray support 114c is disposed between the lower part 111 and the upper part 112 of the furnace body. In this embodiment, the first furnace tray support 114b is generally annular in structure, and it is coaxially supported on the upper end of the positioning support cylinder 111c, and the first furnace tray support 114b is fixed to the positioning support cylinder 111c by a threaded connector. In this embodiment, a sealing structure is provided between the first furnace tray support 114b and the upper end of the positioning support cylinder 111c to maintain the sealing of the contact position, wherein the sealing structure may be a brass sealing ring.

[0103] In this embodiment, the second furnace plate support 114c is an annular plate, and its radial dimension is consistent with the radial dimension of the connecting flange provided at the upper end of the lower cylinder 111a. In this embodiment, an annular protrusion is provided on the lower side of the second furnace plate support 114c, and correspondingly, an annular groove matching the annular protrusion is provided on the corresponding connecting flange. Thus, the second furnace plate support 114c can be positioned and installed between the lower part 111 and the upper part 112 of the furnace body.

[0104] With the above-mentioned configuration, by setting an annular protrusion on the lower side of the second furnace plate support 114c and matching it with the annular groove on the connecting flange, the position of the porous furnace plate 114 can be accurately positioned, and the connection position can be sealed to effectively ensure the airtightness of the connection position, thus effectively ensuring the safety and reliability of the invention.

[0105] In this embodiment, the annular furnace plate body 114a is regularly provided with multiple gas passages. The diameter of each gas passage on the annular furnace plate body 114a is 0.8–1.0 mm, and the center-to-center distance between adjacent gas passages is 1.2–1.7 mm. In this embodiment, six gas passages are evenly arranged around each gas passage, and the gas passages are distributed between 60 mm and 150 mm. For example, 6000 gas passages can be provided on the annular furnace plate body 114a, each gas passage having a diameter of 0.8 mm and a center-to-center distance between adjacent gas passages of 1.2 mm.

[0106] By setting gas passages on the annular furnace plate body 114a and placing the gas passages within the aforementioned size range, the total area of ​​the furnace plate through holes can be effectively reduced, the premixed gas flow rate can be increased, and the gas flow rate can be made greater than the flame propagation speed, thus reducing backfire. In addition, the above-mentioned settings result in a small spacing between the gas passages, which can effectively ensure gas uniformity. Furthermore, the above-mentioned settings can effectively reduce the processing cost of the entire porous furnace plate 114, thereby effectively improving the economic efficiency of the present invention.

[0107] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, an upper zirconia bead structure and a lower zirconia bead structure are respectively provided on the upper side of the rectifier baffle 113, wherein a stainless steel mesh is provided between the upper zirconia bead structure and the lower zirconia bead structure; in this embodiment, the diameter of the zirconia beads in the upper zirconia bead structure is smaller than the diameter of the zirconia beads in the lower zirconia bead structure, and the aperture of the rectifier hole of the rectifier baffle 113 is smaller than the diameter of the zirconia beads in the lower zirconia bead structure.

[0108] With the above configuration, by setting an upper zirconia bead structure and a lower zirconia bead structure on the upper side of the rectifier baffle 113, the premixed gas entering the premixing zone below the rectifier baffle 113 can be rectified after passing through the rectifier, the lower zirconia bead structure and the upper zirconia bead structure. This not only makes the premixed gas more uniform but also allows for easy filling of the space between the porous furnace plate 114 and the rectifier baffle 113, effectively preventing the risk of explosion caused by a large amount of premixed gas in the furnace cylinder.

[0109] In this embodiment, the premixed gas distributor 115 is connected to the lower part 111 of the furnace body at a position below the rectifier baffle 113.

[0110] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the upper part 112 of the furnace body is a hollow cylinder with openings at both ends; wherein the radial dimension of the hollow portion of the upper part 112 of the furnace body is consistent with the radial dimension of the hollow portion of the lower part 111 of the furnace body. In this embodiment, the upper and lower ends of the upper part 112 of the furnace body are also provided with connecting flanges for connection, thereby facilitating the sequential and accurate docking connection of the lower part 111 of the furnace body, the perforated furnace plate 114, and the upper part 112 of the furnace body, thereby effectively ensuring the reliable stability of the entire furnace body 11 structure.

[0111] In this embodiment, a spark plug mounting hole is provided on the side wall of the upper part 112 of the furnace body to achieve nesting with the spark plug 116. In this embodiment, the vertical distance between the spark plug 116 and the porous furnace plate 114 is 30mm to 40mm, and the radial distance along the upper part 112 of the furnace body extends 10mm to 20mm into the interior of the upper part 112 of the furnace body.

[0112] The above settings effectively ensure that the spark plug 116 has sufficient ignition space while also effectively avoiding the impact on the premixed gas combustion flow field.

[0113] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the premixed gas distributor 115 includes: a hollow distribution ring 115a, a connecting pipe 115b disposed radially inside the distribution ring 115a, and a premixed gas inlet 115c disposed radially outside the distribution ring 115a; wherein, along the circumference of the distribution ring 115a, a plurality of connecting pipes 115b are arranged at regular intervals, and the connecting pipes 115b are respectively connected to the lower cylinder 111a. In this embodiment, two connecting pipes 115b are equally spaced in the circumferential direction of the distribution ring 115a, thereby connecting the connecting pipes 115b to opposite sides of the lower part 111a of the furnace body.

[0114] In this embodiment, the premixed gas distributor 115 is connected to the premixed gas unit via a premixed gas inlet 115c; wherein the premixed gas output by the premixed gas unit is a mixture of methane, air, and oxygen. In this embodiment, the premixed gas distributor 115 is equipped with a gas mass flow controller to achieve precise control of the premixed gas flow rate. In this embodiment, to achieve a stable and uniform methane laminar flame on the surface of the porous furnace plate 114, the standard volumetric flow rate of methane needs to be at least 20 SLCM or higher, the oxygen flow rate needs to be at least twice the methane flow rate, and the air flow rate needs to be greater than the flow rates of methane and oxygen to prevent backfire and ensure a stable and reliable combustion process.

[0115] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the spray generator 12 includes: a generator body 121, a liquid cap 122, an air cap 123, and a sealing cap 124; wherein, along a top-to-bottom direction, the air cap 123, the liquid cap 122, and the generator body 121 are coaxially connected in sequence. In this embodiment, the sealing cap 124 is connected to the upper end of the generator body 121 to seal the air cap 123 and the liquid cap 122 in its hollow portion; specifically, the sealing cap 124 is a cylindrical body with openings at both ends, its upper opening abutting against the outer side of the air cap 123 in a sealing connection, and its lower opening abutting against the generator body 12, thereby sealing and covering the liquid cap 122 and the air cap 123.

[0116] In this embodiment, the generator body 121 has a cylindrical structure and includes a first gel channel 121a, a first fluidizing gas channel 121b, and a cooling water channel 121c. The first gel channel 121a is connected to the gel supply unit 2; the first fluidizing gas channel 121b is connected to the fluidizing gas unit; and the cooling water channel 121c is connected to the cooling unit. In this embodiment, six first fluidizing gas channels 121b can be evenly spaced along the circumference of the generator body 121 to ensure sufficient fluidizing gas output.

[0117] In this embodiment, the liquid cap 122 has a columnar structure, and a second gel channel 122a and a second fluidizing gas channel 122b are provided in the liquid cap 122; wherein, the second gel channel 122a is connected to the first gel channel 121a; the second fluidizing gas channel 122b is connected to the first fluidizing gas channel 121b; wherein, the diameter of the liquid cap 122 can be set to 0.7mm to 1.3mm.

[0118] In this embodiment, the air cap 123 has a columnar structure, and a mixing channel 123a is provided in the liquid cap 122; wherein, the mixing channel 123a is connected to the second gel channel 122a and the second fluidizing gas channel 122b respectively; wherein, the diameter of the air cap 123 can be set to 1.5-2mm.

[0119] In this embodiment, the cooling water channel 121c is connected to the hollow portion of the sealing cap 124 to supply cooling water to the air cap 123 and the liquid cap 122.

[0120] In this embodiment, the lower outer edge of the air cap 123 is provided with an annular protrusion, while the upper outer side of the liquid cap 122 is provided with a connecting thread. Thus, a locking nut 125 can be provided between the connection position of the air cap 123 and the liquid cap 122. By pressing the annular protrusion of the air cap with the locking nut 125 and connecting it with the connecting thread at the upper end of the liquid cap 122, the air cap 123 and the liquid cap 122 can be fixedly connected, and the sealing of the connection position can be guaranteed, so as to ensure the stable and reliable connection of the connection channel.

[0121] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the first gel channel 121a is coaxially arranged with the generator body 121 and passes through the opposite ends of the generator body 121 along the axial direction; in this embodiment, the first gel channel 121a is provided with a gel nozzle 121a1 at the lower end of the generator body 121 to facilitate connection with the gel supply unit 2.

[0122] In this embodiment, multiple first fluidizing gas channels 121b are provided on the generator body 121, and the multiple first fluidizing gas channels 121b are equally spaced around the first gel channel 121a. Each first fluidizing gas channel 121b has an opening at its upper axial end at the upper end of the generator body 121, and an opening at its lower axial end at the lower end or side wall of the generator body 121. In this embodiment, the openings of the first fluidizing gas channels 121b at the lower end or side wall of the generator body 121 can be the same, meaning the lower axial ends of multiple first fluidizing gas channels 121b are connected, thus reducing the number of openings and facilitating connection to the fluidizing gas unit. In this embodiment, connection to the fluidizing gas unit can be achieved by providing a fluidizing gas nozzle 121b1.

[0123] In this embodiment, multiple cooling water channels 121c are provided on the generator body 121, and these channels are evenly spaced around the first gel channel 121a. Each cooling water channel 121c has an opening at its upper axial end at the upper end of the generator body 121, and an opening at its lower axial end at the lower end or side wall of the generator body 121. Since the cooling water channels 121c are used for the circulation of cooling water, two cooling water inlets are provided on the generator body 121. One inlet communicates with a portion of the cooling water channels 121c, and the other inlet communicates with other portions of the cooling water channels 121c. These two inlets facilitate connection to the cooling unit and allow for convenient circulation of cooling water. In this embodiment, the radial distance between the cooling water channel 121c and the first gel channel 121a is greater than the radial distance between the first fluidizing gas channel 121b and the first gel channel 121a.

[0124] With the above-described configuration, by providing cooling water channels 121c near the outer side of the generator body 121, more cooling water channels 121c can be conveniently arranged, thereby making the cooling of the generator body 121 more effective. Furthermore, the cooling water channels 121c, through which the cooling water flows, can reduce pressure pulsation of the fluidizing gas at the outlet, effectively ensuring the operational stability of the invention.

[0125] In this embodiment, the second gel channel 122a is arranged coaxially with the liquid cap 122, and a gel distributor 122a1 is provided at the end of the second gel channel 122a away from the generator body 121.

[0126] With the above configuration, the metal-based gel fuel can be easily atomized by the gel distribution component 122a1, thereby making it easier to mix with the fluidizing gas, resulting in a more uniform mixture, which is more beneficial to improving the combustion effect of the present invention.

[0127] In this embodiment, the second fluidizing gas channel 122b is configured to correspond one-to-one with the first fluidizing gas channel 121b, and the second fluidizing gas channel 122b is arranged at equal intervals around the second gel channel 122a; wherein, along the direction away from the generator body 121, the second fluidizing gas channel 122b is inclined toward the direction closer to the second gel channel 122a.

[0128] By setting the second fluidizing gas channel 122b in a direction close to the second gel channel 122a, the fluidizing gas can be effectively gathered towards the metal-based gel fuel. This makes it easier to ensure that the output metal-based gel fuel and the fluidizing gas are mixed more thoroughly based on the flow of the fluidizing gas, which is more beneficial to ensuring the mixing and combustion effects of the present invention.

[0129] In this embodiment, the mixing channel 123a includes: a first mixing channel portion 123a1 and a second mixing channel portion 123a2 coaxially arranged; wherein, along the direction away from the liquid cap 122, the first mixing channel portion 123a1 and the second mixing channel portion 123a2 are arranged sequentially; the first mixing channel portion 123a1 and the second mixing channel portion 123a2 are conical annular channels; in this embodiment, the large-diameter end of the second mixing channel portion 123a2 is connected to the small-diameter end of the first mixing channel portion 123a1.

[0130] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, an extension tube 1221 is coaxially provided at one end of the liquid cap 122 away from the generator body 121; wherein, the extension tube 1221 extends into the second mixing channel portion 123a2, and the outer diameter of the extension tube 1221 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second mixing channel portion 123a2; in this embodiment, the hollow portion of the extension tube 1221 is connected to the second gel channel 122a, and the gel distributor 122a1 is provided at one end of the extension tube 1221 that extends into the second mixing channel portion 123a2.

[0131] With the above configuration, by setting an extension tube 1221 on the liquid cap 122, an annular channel can be formed between the extension tube 1221 and the second mixing channel portion 123a2. This allows the fluidizing gas charged into the first mixing channel portion 123a1 to pass through the annular channel and achieve thorough mixing with the metal-based gel fuel. Furthermore, by setting the first mixing channel portion 123a1 and the second mixing channel portion 123a2 as conical annular channels, and gradually decreasing their radial dimensions along the output direction, the internal fluidizing gas can increase its flow velocity as the cross-section decreases, thus facilitating the impact on the output metal-based gel fuel and enabling it to be effectively atomized. Furthermore, as the fluidizing gas passes through the annular channel between the extension tube 1221 and the second mixing channel portion 123a2, the cross-section of the changing position of the annular channel changes abruptly as the channel becomes conical, allowing the atomized metal-based gel fuel to be further evenly distributed. Finally, based on the contraction limitation of the variable cross-section of the second mixing channel portion 123a2, concentrated outward output is achieved, effectively ensuring the combustion performance of the present invention.

[0132] like Figure 4 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the gel distributor 122a1 is detachably mounted on the extension tube 1221 (e.g., via a threaded connection or quick-connect fitting). In this embodiment, the gel distributor 122a1 includes a gel distributor head 122a11 and a distributor head connecting portion 122a12; wherein the gel distributor head 122a11 and the distributor head connecting portion 122a12 are coaxially arranged, so as to achieve a butt connection between the gel distributor head 122a11 and the extension tube 1221 through the distributor head connecting portion 122a12. In this embodiment, the coaxial butt connection between the distributor head connecting portion 122a12 and the extension tube 1221 can be achieved by using an internal threaded connection, which can effectively ensure the sealing of the connection position, and can also control the screw-in length through the connected thread, thereby making it easy to adjust the position of the gel distributor head 122a11 in the second mixing channel portion 123a2. In this embodiment, to facilitate communication between the gel distributor 122a1 and the extension tube 1221, the entire gel distributor 122a1 has a hollow structure. Its distributor head connection 122a12 is a circular tube with connecting threads, while the gel distributor head 122a11 has a through hole at one end that connects to the distributor head connection 122a12, and a gel output hole at the other end for gel output. In this embodiment, the gel distributor head 122a11 and the distributor head connection 122a12 can be integrated or separate, and can be adapted to the actual application.

[0133] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the gel distribution head 122a11 can be configured as a hollow cylindrical structure, with its lower end opening connected to the distribution head connecting part 122a12. A gel output hole is provided on its upper end plane or circumferentially. If the gel output holes are distributed on the upper end plane of the gel distribution head 122a11, they can be arranged in a centrally located manner. To effectively ensure reliable gel output and avoid clogging, a circular hole with a diameter of 1 mm can be used (it should be noted that the diameter of the gel output hole can be set according to specific actual conditions and is not limited to the above size). If the gel output holes are provided on the circumferential sidewall of the gel distribution head 122a11, multiple holes (e.g., two, three, etc.) can be distributed along the circumference of the gel distribution head 122a11. The axial direction of the gel output hole is consistent with the radial direction of the gel distribution head 122a11, or the axial direction of the gel output hole is inclined upwards relative to the radial direction of the gel distribution head 122a11. See [reference needed]. Figure 4The circumferentially arranged gel output holes are positioned adjacent to the upper end of the gel distributor 122a11, allowing them to be closer to the outlet of the annular channel formed by the gel distributor 122a11 and the second mixing channel portion 123a2. This facilitates impact atomization of the gel and reduces the back pressure of the airflow on the gel output holes, thus aiding gel output. Alternatively, when the axial direction of the gel output holes is inclined upwards relative to the radial direction of the gel distributor 122a11, the gel output holes can be positioned at the connection between the upper end face and the outer side of the gel distributor 122a11. This positions the gel output holes closest to the outlet of the annular channel, which more easily reduces the back pressure of the airflow and better utilizes the changes in airflow as it passes through the channel to achieve sufficient gel atomization. Furthermore, since the gel output flow rate is limited, the number, diameter, and wall thickness of the circumferentially arranged gel output holes of the gel distributor 122a11 can be adjusted according to actual needs, provided that the gel output flow rate is maintained and clogging is avoided. These adjustments will not be elaborated upon here.

[0134] With the above configuration, since the second mixing channel portion 123a2 is a conical annular channel, when the gel distribution head 122a11 is a cylindrical structure, after it extends into the second mixing channel portion 123a2, the annular gap between the gel distribution head 122a11 and the second mixing channel portion 123a2 gradually decreases in the direction towards the outlet, while at the end of the gel distribution head 122a11, the cross-section suddenly increases. Therefore, the airflow velocity is effectively increased when the airflow passes through the gel distribution head 122a11. If the gel outlet hole is located at the gel distribution head 122a11... When 2a11 is arranged circumferentially, the increased airflow velocity effectively amplifies the impact on the gel, thereby improving its atomization capability. When passing through the annular channel, the resulting abrupt change in cross-section slows the airflow velocity and creates turbulence, allowing the airflow to contact the gel output from the end of the gel distributor 122a11, thus achieving atomization of the end gel. Therefore, by selectively distributing gel output holes at the end or side of the gel distributor 122a11, the degree of gel atomization can be flexibly and conveniently optimized, resulting in superior performance of the invention. Furthermore, the length of the gel distributor 122a11 extending into the second mixing channel portion 123a2 can be adjusted to control the airflow and velocity, thereby effectively matching its atomization capability to the gel.

[0135] With the above configuration, the gel distribution head 122a11 of the present invention can flexibly set the position and number of gel output holes on the end face or side, and control the size of the gel output holes to effectively reduce the back pressure generated at the position of the gel distribution head 122a11 when the airflow passes through, which is beneficial to the smooth output of the gel.

[0136] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the gel distribution head 122a11 can be configured as a hollow trapezoidal boss-shaped structure, with its lower end opening connected to the distribution head connecting part 122a12. A gel output hole is provided on its upper end plane or circumferential direction. If the gel output hole is distributed on the upper end plane of the gel distribution head 122a11, it can be arranged in a central manner. In order to effectively ensure the reliability of gel output and avoid clogging, a circular hole with a diameter of 1 mm can be used. Correspondingly, in order to facilitate the atomization of the gel, the diameter of the upper end plane of the gel distribution head 122a11 can be consistent with the diameter of the gel output hole, so that the output gel can flow and distribute along the edge to the surrounding area, thereby achieving the effect of impact atomization relative to the incoming flow. If the gel output holes are provided on the circumferential sidewall of the gel distribution head 122a11, then multiple holes (e.g., two, three, etc.) can be distributed along the circumference of the gel distribution head 122a11; wherein the axial direction of the gel output holes is perpendicular to the sidewall of the gel distribution head 122a11, see [reference needed]. Figure 6 Alternatively, the axial direction of the gel output hole is inclined upward relative to the side wall of the gel distribution head 122a11, and its arrangement is consistent with the aforementioned arrangement of the cylindrical gel distribution head 122a11, which will not be described again here.

[0137] In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the outer surface of the gel distributor 122a11 can be consistent with the inclination angle of the inner surface of the second mixing channel portion 123a2. This ensures that the cross-section of the annular flow channel between the gel distributor 122a11 and the second mixing channel portion 123a2 is constant, facilitating constant airflow transport. Alternatively, the inclination angle of the outer surface of the gel distributor 122a11 can be inconsistent with the inclination angle of the inner surface of the second mixing channel portion 123a2. This allows the annular channel to gradually change its cross-sectional shape. Preferably, the cross-section of the annular channel gradually decreases, which is more adaptable to the gel distributor. The spacing between the circumferentially distributed gel output holes of 122a11 decreases at the small diameter end. Specifically, because the gel distributor 122a11 has a trapezoidal boss-like structure, the circumferential length of its small diameter end is gradually reduced. Thus, the closer the multiple rows of gel output holes, which are equally spaced, are to the small diameter end, the smaller the spacing becomes. This dense distribution is more suitable for faster airflow velocities to fully realize the impact atomization effect of the gel and the incoming flow. Furthermore, after passing through the small diameter end of the gel distributor 122a11, the gel enters a channel with a suddenly increased cross-section, which allows the atomized gas to exhibit a turbulent mixing effect, achieving a more complete and uniform distribution of the gel in the atomized gas. This makes the atomization process simpler and more thorough.

[0138] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a guide groove can be further provided on the side wall of the gel distribution head 122a11. This guide groove corresponds to the gel output hole. On the one hand, the guide groove can reduce the wall thickness at the location of the gel output hole, thereby effectively reducing the gel's passage distance and enabling faster contact with the incoming flow, reducing blockage. On the other hand, the guide groove can also guide the airflow, ensuring sufficient contact between the airflow and the output gel, thus guaranteeing the gel atomization effect and the stability of the output direction after atomization. Furthermore, the guide groove can effectively increase the flow channel area at certain locations, effectively preventing blockage of the flow channel. In addition, the guide groove can also restrict the airflow distribution and flow in the circumferential position of the annular flow channel, achieving partial separation of the atomized gas and other airflows, which is more beneficial for ensuring the smooth flow of the flow channel and thus more beneficial for reducing the restriction on the length of the gel distribution head 122a11 extending into the second mixing channel 123a2.

[0139] Furthermore, the guide groove can be set as a linear groove or a spiral groove. By setting the guide groove as a spiral groove, the flow direction of the atomized gel can be spirally guided, so that the atomized gel can have a certain flow direction when passing through the gel distribution head 122a11, so as to reduce the relative impact between the atomized gels output in the radial direction, and realize the orderly mixing of the atomized gel after passing through the annular flow channel, which is beneficial to ensuring the uniform distribution of the atomized gel.

[0140] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a cutting blade 122a11a can be further provided on the side wall of the gel distribution head 122a11. The cutting blade is arranged along the axial direction of the gel output hole, starting from the inner side wall of the gel distribution head 122a11 and extending to the outer side wall. It can also protrude from the outer side wall as needed, thereby dividing the gel output hole into multiple parts through the provided cutting blade 122a11a to achieve shear thinning of the output gel, so as to ensure that the gel has sufficient fluidity when impacted by the incoming flow, and to further promote the full impact atomization effect. In order to avoid clogging of the gel output hole, the opening area of ​​the gel output hole can be relatively increased to eliminate the occupation of the cutting blade 122a11a. Of course, a cutting blade 122a11a with a smaller thickness can also be selected to achieve the corresponding function.

[0141] Furthermore, the cutting blade 122a11a is set parallel to the axial direction of the gel distribution head 122a11. In order to achieve the shearing and thinning effect on the gel, the gel can also flow downward through the surface of the cutting blade 122a11a. This makes it easier for the gel to flow and spread on the surface of the cutting blade 122a11a, which is more conducive to increasing the contact between the airflow and the flowing gel, and is more beneficial to refining the atomized particles.

[0142] Furthermore, a shearing and thinning element for shearing the gel can be further provided in the hollow portion of the gel distribution head 122a11. The shape of the shearing and thinning element matches the shape of the hollow portion of the gel distribution head 122a11. The shearing and thinning element has an array of distributed channels. Taking rectangular channels as an example, the rectangular channels are distributed along the axial direction of the shearing and thinning element and arranged in a rectangular array. This allows the spacers between the rectangular channels to shear and thin the introduced gel. Furthermore, the thickness of the spacers acting as shearing elements can be adjusted by flexibly setting the spacing of the rectangular channels, effectively simplifying the structural complexity of this solution and optimizing the reliable flow of the gel. Of course, if needed, the rectangular channels can be staggered at a preset distance along the gel conveying direction in the shearing and thinning element so that the gel is continuously sheared by the staggered spacers as it flows along the staggered rectangular channels, achieving a continuous shearing effect. In addition, the shearing and thinning element can be arranged either directly within the gel distribution head 122a11 or in a specific configuration, depending on the flow and thinning degree of the gel.

[0143] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the gel distributor 122a11 can be configured as a hollow conical structure, with its lower end opening connected to the distributor connecting portion 122a12. Gel outlet holes are provided on its sidewall, wherein multiple holes are distributed circumferentially along the gel distributor 122a11, and the gel outlet holes are adjacent to the tip of the gel distributor 122a11. In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the outer surface of the gel distributor 122a11 can be consistent with the inclination angle of the inner surface of the second mixing channel portion 123a2. This allows the cross-section of the annular flow channel between the gel distributor 122a11 and the second mixing channel portion 123a2 to be constant, thereby facilitating constant airflow transport. Alternatively, the inclination angle of the outer surface of the gel distributor 122a11 can be inconsistent with the inclination angle of the inner surface of the second mixing channel portion 123a2, thereby controlling the annular channel formed between them. The cross-sectional shape gradually changes, preferably by gradually decreasing the cross-section of the annular channel. This better accommodates situations where the spacing between the circumferentially distributed gel output holes of the gel distributor 122a11 decreases at the small-diameter end. Specifically, since the gel distributor 122a11 has a conical structure, its circumferential length at the tip is very small. Thus, the closer the multiple rows of equally spaced gel output holes are to the small-diameter end, the smaller the spacing. This dense distribution is more suitable for faster airflow velocities to fully realize the impact atomization effect between the gel and the incoming flow. Of course, since the tip of the conical structure does not have abrupt changes in cross-section, its tilt angle and axial length can be changed to ensure that the cross-section of the second mixing channel section 123a2 at the front end of the annular channel gradually increases. This prevents turbulence caused by abrupt changes in cross-section during the output process, ensuring a stable output process. It also eliminates the relative impact of abrupt changes in cross-section at different circumferential positions of the atomized gel at the abrupt end of the gel distributor 122a11, making the entire output process of the atomized gel more stable.

[0144] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a cutting disc 122a11a may be further provided on the side wall of the gel distribution head 122a11. The cutting disc is consistent with the aforementioned method and will not be described again here.

[0145] Furthermore, a shearing and thinning element for shearing the gel can be further provided in the hollow part of the gel distribution head 122a11. This arrangement is consistent with the aforementioned arrangement, except that the shape of the adapted hollow part is different, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0146] Combination Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the gel distribution head 122a11 can be configured as a hollow hemispherical structure, with its lower end opening connected to the distribution head connection part 122a12. A gel output hole is then provided at its upper end or circumferentially. If the gel output hole is distributed at the upper end of the gel distribution head 122a11, it can be arranged in a centrally located manner. To effectively ensure reliable gel output and avoid clogging, a 1mm diameter circular hole can be used (it should be noted that the diameter of the gel output hole can be set according to specific circumstances and is not limited to the above size), so that the output gel can flow and distribute along the curved surface along the edge to achieve an impact atomization effect relative to the incoming flow. If the gel output hole is provided on the circumferential sidewall of the gel distribution head 122a11, multiple holes (e.g., two, three, etc.) can be distributed circumferentially along the gel distribution head 122a11. The axial direction of the gel output hole is perpendicular to the sidewall of the gel distribution head 122a11. See [reference needed]. Figure 8 Alternatively, the axial direction of the gel output orifice is inclined upward relative to the sidewall of the gel distributor 122a11. The circumferentially arranged gel output orifices are positioned adjacent to the upper end of the gel distributor 122a11, allowing them to be closer to the outlet position of the annular channel formed by the gel distributor 122a11 and the second mixing channel portion 123a2. This facilitates impact atomization of the gel and reduces the back pressure of the airflow on the gel output orifices, thus facilitating gel output. Furthermore, since the gel output flow rate is limited, the number, diameter, and wall thickness of the circumferentially arranged gel output orifices of the gel distributor 122a11 can be adjusted according to actual needs, while ensuring the gel output flow rate and preventing clogging. This will not be elaborated further here. In this embodiment, matching with the second mixing channel portion 123a2 can be achieved by controlling the radius of the hemispherical structure. Therefore, the annular channel formed between the gel distribution head 122a11 and the second mixing channel portion 123a2 has a cross-sectional shape that gradually decreases and then gradually increases. This allows for more flexible arrangement of gel output holes in the gel distribution head 122a11 to match the annular flow channel. Furthermore, by setting the gel distribution head 122a11 to a hemispherical structure, it also avoids abrupt changes in the flow channel cross-section at the end, thereby more stably guiding the mixing of the atomized gel in the second mixing channel portion 123a2 and stabilizing the atomized gel mixing process.

[0147] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a guide groove can be further provided on the side wall of the gel distribution head 122a11. The way the guide groove is provided is the same as the aforementioned method and will not be described again here.

[0148] Furthermore, the guide channel can be configured as a linear groove or a spiral groove (see...). Figure 9In this method, by setting the guide groove as a spiral groove, the flow direction of the atomized gel can be spirally guided, so that the atomized gel can have a certain flow direction when passing through the gel distribution head 122a11, thereby reducing the relative impact between the atomized gels output in the radial direction and realizing the orderly mixing of the atomized gel after passing through the annular flow channel, which is beneficial to ensuring the uniform distribution of the atomized gel.

[0149] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the gel output hole is located on the side wall of the gel distribution head 122a11, a cutting blade 122a11a can be further provided on the side wall of the gel distribution head 122a11. The way the cutting blade is provided is the same as the aforementioned method, and will not be described again here.

[0150] Furthermore, a shearing and thinning element for shearing the gel can be further provided in the hollow part of the gel distribution head 122a11. The shearing and thinning element is provided in the same manner as described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0151] In another embodiment of the present invention, if a guide groove is provided on the gel distribution head 122a11, the depth of the guide groove at different positions can be further controlled to achieve the impact of the airflow and the gel output hole, thereby achieving the desired atomization effect. For example, along the direction from the distribution head connection 122a12 to the gel distribution head 122a11, the depth of the guide groove gradually becomes shallower. As a result, after the gel is output from the gel output hole, it can be distributed along the guide groove. At the same time, more gel is distributed in the guide groove at deeper positions and less at forward positions. As a result, since the area of ​​the shallower position is smaller, the flow rate is relatively faster, which can better achieve the atomization and carry out of the less distributed gel. The more distributed gel at the bottom can also achieve a larger contact area with the incoming flow, so that it can move along the flow channel under the action of the airflow and be accelerated to be carried out in the shallower position. Thus, the present invention has a better gel atomization effect.

[0152] like Figure 2 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the outlet at the upper end of the spray generator 12 and the upper surface of the porous furnace plate 114 is 230-260 mm.

[0153] The above settings effectively ensure that the premixed gas has enough space to react completely, providing a stable and uniformly heated flow environment for gel spray combustion. In addition, apart from cooling water protection, the appropriate height can also reduce the impact of high temperature on the fluidizing gas.

[0154] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the combustion observation hood 13 is a hollow hood with an open lower end, comprising: an observation hood body 131 and a quartz glass plate 132; wherein, the observation hood body 131 can be configured as a rectangular hollow box, which is made of stainless steel plate. In this embodiment, an installation window is provided on the side wall of the observation hood body 131, and the quartz glass plate 132 is installed on the installation window. In this embodiment, the lower end of the combustion observation hood 13 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the upper part 112 of the furnace body by a threaded connector, thereby achieving communication with the hollow part of the furnace body 11, thereby facilitating the complete combustion of fuel therein.

[0155] like Figure 1 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the gel supply unit 2 includes: a support 21, a syringe 22 supported on the support 21, and a squeezing assembly 23. In this embodiment, the volume of the syringe 22 is 30-100 mL. The syringe 22 is used to contain the metal-based gel fuel, and the squeezing assembly 23 is connected to the syringe 22 to achieve accurate control of the output of the metal-based gel fuel.

[0156] like Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, the syringe 22 includes: an injection tube 221 for storing gel, a piston rod 222 for squeezing the gel, and a thinning structure 223 installed in the injection tube 221; wherein the thinning structure 223 includes: a plurality of intersecting thinning shear plates 2231; wherein the thinning structure 223 is coaxially installed in the injection tube 221 with the injection tube 221, and when the piston rod 222 squeezes the gel in its initial solid state, the gel is cut by the thinning shear plates 2231 under pressure to achieve thinning from solid to fluid. In this embodiment, in order to control the degree of thinning, the number of thinning structure 223 can be controlled, and the thinning shear plates 2231 of adjacent thinning structure 223 are staggered, thereby effectively achieving gel processing while avoiding increasing resistance during the feeding process.

[0157] In this embodiment, the syringe 22 further includes an exchange structure 224 for changing the position of the gel; wherein the exchange structure 224 can be configured as a helical blade, and the thinning structure 223 and the exchange structure 224 are arranged sequentially in the gel output direction. Thus, the thinned gel can change its position under the action of the thinning structure 223, thereby avoiding the sedimentation of effective components such as metal-based particles in the gel in a single direction (for example, when the syringe 22 is placed horizontally, the particles will settle in the direction of gravity), effectively ensuring the uniform distribution of substances in the gel. Figure 11As shown, in another embodiment, the exchange structure 224 can be configured as two spiral tubes installed at the outlet end of the injection tube body 221, and the positions of the inlet and outlet of the two spiral tubes are exchanged to achieve position exchange when the gel is output.

[0158] In this embodiment, the extrusion assembly 23 includes a slider, a lead screw, and a motor; wherein the slider is arranged to abut against the telescopic end of the syringe 22, and under the drive of the motor, the slider moves linearly along the lead screw, thereby achieving accurate control of the extrusion of the syringe 22.

[0159] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in order to further maintain the fluidity of the gel in the first gel channel 121a and the second gel channel 122a, structural members for maintaining the degree of thinning can be selectively arranged in the first gel channel 121a and the second gel channel 122a, and the structure of the structural members is consistent with the structure of the aforementioned thinning structural member 223, so as to effectively improve the versatility of the parts and reduce the production cost, which will not be described in detail here.

[0160] like Figure 1 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the data acquisition unit 3 includes: a camera 31, a spectrometer 32, a spring sampler 33, a water-cooled probe 34, and a flue gas analyzer 35; wherein, the camera 31 and the spectrometer 32 are respectively arranged opposite to the quartz glass plate 132, and are used to collect spectral information and flame images of the metal-based gel spray combustion process; the spring sampler 33 and the water-cooled probe 34 are respectively connected to the observation hood body 131. In this embodiment, the flue gas analyzer 35 is connected to the water-cooled probe 34.

[0161] In this embodiment, the spectrometer 32 is equipped with a collimating lens to enhance the spectral signal.

[0162] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 12 As shown, in this embodiment, the spring sampler 33 is mounted on the observation cover body 131 through a mounting hole. The spring sampler 33 is a nitrogen-pressurized sampling rod, which can be inserted into the combustion flame by introducing nitrogen gas for 3 seconds, and then automatically retracts under the action of the spring after the nitrogen gas is turned off to obtain the sampled product. In this embodiment, the spring sampler 33 has a groove to increase the contact area with metal particles. Conductive adhesive can be further placed in the groove of the spring sampler 33 to better collect condensed particles and achieve rapid offline detection.

[0163] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 13As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the water-cooled probe 34 includes: a filter tube 341, a filter membrane 342, a water-cooling pipe 343, a cooling water inlet 344, and a cooling water outlet 345. The water-cooled probe 34 is cylindrical in shape, with a gas passage in the middle and a slot at one end. The filter tube 341 is inserted into the slot to fix the filter membrane 342, thereby reducing particulate matter clogging the probe. The water-cooling pipe has a built-in circulating cooling water passage, which is connected to an external circulating cooling water pump via a connector. This allows the flue gas temperature to be controlled at approximately 400K, reducing damage to the flue gas analyzer probe from high-temperature flue gas, and enabling the collection of flue gas samples at different locations and times during the spray combustion process. The filter membrane 342 is also provided to reduce clogging of the probe by condensed particles.

[0164] In this embodiment, the water-cooled probe 34 has a diameter of 4 mm.

[0165] To further illustrate the present invention, the experimental process of the present invention will be further explained.

[0166] The required flow rates of each gas component (methane, air, oxygen) in the premixed gas are set by the gas mass flow controller in the premixed gas unit. The valves are opened so that each gas component enters the furnace body 11 through the premixed gas distributor 115. After passing through the rectifier baffle 113, the lower zirconia bead structure, the upper zirconia bead structure, and the porous furnace plate 114, it is ejected and then ignited by the spark plug 116 to generate a high-temperature laminar flame.

[0167] After the premixed gas combustion stabilizes (approximately 25 seconds), the valve of the fluidizing gas unit is opened, followed by the opening of the gel supply unit 2. The gel and fluidizing gas are then fed into the spray generator 12. The atomized metal-based gel fuel is atomized and mixed under the action of the fluidizing gas and ignited and burned in a high-temperature laminar flame. In this embodiment, when gel blockage occurs, the output torque of the stepper motor reaches a balance with the opposing torque, and the stepper motor stops working and enters a non-triggered state. This outputs a signal to determine the operating status, thus preventing subsequent equipment from being triggered.

[0168] Turn on the camera 31, spectrometer 32 and flue gas analyzer in data acquisition unit 3 to record images of metal-based gel spray combustion flames, spectral information and gaseous products;

[0169] Open the nitrogen valve, push the spring sampler 33 into the flame range for 3 seconds, close the nitrogen valve, and the spring sampler 33 will withdraw from the high-temperature flame zone under the action of the spring, obtaining the condensed phase particle combustion products, and carry out subsequent offline detection and analysis.

[0170] In this embodiment, by adjusting the premixed gas ratio, a high-temperature hot gas environment with controllable composition can be created for gel spray combustion. Typical operating conditions in the experiment are shown in Table 1.

[0171] Table 1

[0172]

[0173] Images of the combustion flame obtained from the boron-containing gel spray are as follows: Figure 14 As shown, the morphology of the intermediate products from the combustion of boron particles is as follows: Figure 15 As shown.

[0174] As can be seen from the above, the spray combustion test device provided by the present invention can achieve gel atomization well and ignite successfully in a high-temperature thermal environment. It can obtain the flame morphology, gaseous products and intermediate product spectral information of the gel spray combustion process, and can sample and analyze condensed particles, thereby gaining a deeper understanding of the spray combustion characteristics of metal-based gels, especially the combustion mechanism of metal particles in the spray. This lays the foundation for efficient combustion of metal-based gels and reduction of pollution emissions, and provides guidance for the rational design of the overall design of gel engines.

[0175] The above description is merely an example of a specific solution of the present invention. For any devices and structures not described in detail herein, it should be understood that they are implemented using common devices and methods already available in the art.

[0176] The above description is merely one embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spray combustion test apparatus for a metal-based gel fuel, characterized by comprising: The utility model relates to a kind of combustion units (1), and the gel supply unit (2) connected with the combustion unit (1), premixed gas unit, fluidized gas unit, cooling unit and data acquisition unit (3); The combustion unit (1) includes: furnace body (11), spray generator (12) and combustion observation cover (13); The combustion observation cover (13) is coaxially arranged with the furnace body (11) and is located on the upper side of the furnace body (11); The spray generator (12) is connected with the bottom of the furnace body (11), and the spray generator (12) and the furnace body (11) are coaxially arranged into the furnace body (11); The premixed gas unit is connected with the furnace body (11); The gel supply unit (2) and the fluidized gas unit are connected with the spray generator (12) respectively; The cooling unit is connected with the spray generator (12) and part of the modules of the data acquisition unit (3) respectively; The data acquisition unit (3) is connected with the combustion observation cover (13); The furnace body (11) includes: furnace body lower part (111), furnace body upper part (112), rectifier baffle (113), porous furnace disc (114), premixed gas distributor (115) and spark plug (116); The furnace body upper part (112), the porous furnace disc (114) and the furnace body lower part (111) are sequentially connected from top to bottom; The rectifier baffle (113) is arranged in the furnace body lower part (111), and the rectifier baffle (113) and the porous furnace disc (114) are arranged with a spacing; The premixed gas distributor (115) is installed on the side wall of the furnace body lower part (111), and the position where the premixed gas distributor (115) is connected with the furnace body lower part (111) is below the rectifier baffle (113); The spark plug (116) is installed on the side wall of the furnace body upper part (112); The spray generator (12) includes: generator main body (121), liquid cap (122), air cap (123) and sealing cap (124); From top to bottom, the air cap (123), the liquid cap (122) and the generator main body (121) are sequentially coaxially connected; The sealing cap (124) is connected with the upper end of the generator main body (121), for sealing the air cap (123) and the liquid cap (122) in the hollow part thereof; The generator main body (121) is in a cylindrical structure as a whole, and a first gel passage (121a), a first fluidized gas passage (121b) and a cooling water passage (121c) are arranged in the generator main body (121); The first gel passage (121a) is connected with the gel supply unit (2); The first fluidized gas passage (121b) is connected with the fluidized gas unit; The cooling water passage (121c) is connected with the cooling unit. ​ The liquid cap (122) is in a columnar structure as a whole, and a second gel channel (122a) and a second fluidizing gas channel (122b) are arranged in the liquid cap (122); The air cap (123) is in a columnar structure as a whole, and a mixing channel (123a) is arranged in the liquid cap (122); The second gel channel (122a) is opposite to the first gel channel (121a); The second fluidizing gas channel (122b) is opposite to the first fluidizing gas channel (121b); The mixing channel (123a) is in communication with the second gel channel (122a) and the second fluidizing gas channel (122b) respectively; The cooling water channel (121c) is in communication with the hollow part of the sealing cap (124) for supplying cooling water to the air cap (123) and the liquid cap (122).

2. The spray and combustion test apparatus of claim 1, wherein The lower part of the furnace body (111) comprises a lower cylinder (111a), a cylinder bottom plate (111b) arranged at the bottom end of the lower cylinder (111a), and a positioning support cylinder (111c) arranged on the upper side of the cylinder bottom plate (111b); The cylinder bottom plate (111b) is a hollow annular plate, and the outer side thereof is fixedly connected with the inner side of the bottom end of the lower cylinder (111a); The positioning support cylinder (111c) is a hollow cylinder with open ends, the bottom end of which is fixedly connected with the upper side of the cylinder bottom plate (111b), and the hollow part of the positioning support cylinder (111c) and the hollow part of the cylinder bottom plate (111b) are in communication to form a fitting channel for mounting the spray generator (12).

3. The spray and combustion test apparatus of claim 2, wherein The rectifying baffle (113) is an annular plate as a whole, the inner radial side of which is nested with the outer side of the positioning support cylinder (111c), and the outer radial side of which is nested with the inner side of the lower cylinder (111a); A plurality of rectifying holes are regularly arranged on the rectifying baffle (113); The multi-hole furnace disc (114) comprises an annular furnace disc main body (114a), a first furnace disc support (114b) arranged on the inner side of the annular furnace disc main body (114a), and a second furnace disc support (114c) arranged on the outer side of the annular furnace disc main body (114a); The first furnace disc support (114b) is supported on the upper end of the positioning support cylinder (111c), and the second furnace disc support (114c) is arranged between the lower part of the furnace body (111) and the upper part of the furnace body (112); The annular furnace disc main body (114a) is regularly provided with a plurality of gas through holes.

4. The spray and combustion test apparatus of claim 3, wherein An upper zirconia bead structure and a lower zirconia bead structure are arranged on the upper side of the rectifying baffle (113); The premixed gas distributor (115) is connected with the lower part of the furnace body (111) below the rectifying baffle (113); The hole diameter of the rectifying hole of the rectifying baffle (113) is smaller than the diameter of the zirconia bead in the lower zirconia bead structure. The diameter of the gas through hole on the ring-shaped furnace disc body (114a) is 0.8-1.0 mm, and the center distance between adjacent gas through holes is 1.2-1.7 mm.

5. The spray and combustion test apparatus of claim 4, wherein The upper furnace body (112) is a hollow cylinder with openings at opposite ends; The premix gas distributor (115) comprises a hollow distribution ring (115a), a connecting pipe (115b) arranged on the radial inner side of the distribution ring (115a), and a premix gas connector (115c) arranged on the radial outer side of the distribution ring (115a); The connecting pipes (115b) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the distribution ring (115a), and the connecting pipes (115b) are connected to the lower cylinder (111a) respectively.

6. The spray and combustion test apparatus of claim 5, wherein The first gel channel (121a) is coaxially arranged with the generator body (121), and penetrates the opposite ends of the generator body (121) in the axial direction; The first fluidizing gas channels (121b) are arranged at intervals around the first gel channel (121a) on the generator body (121); wherein the upper end of the first fluidizing gas channel (121b) in the axial direction has an opening at the upper end of the generator body (121), and the lower end of the first fluidizing gas channel (121b) in the axial direction has an opening at the lower end or the side wall of the generator body (121); The cooling water channels (121c) are arranged at intervals around the first gel channel (121a) on the generator body (121); wherein the upper end of the cooling water channel (121c) in the axial direction has an opening at the upper end of the generator body (121), and the lower end of the cooling water channel (121c) in the axial direction has an opening at the lower end or the side wall of the generator body (121); In the radial direction of the generator body (121), the distance between the cooling water channel (121c) and the first gel channel (121a) is greater than the distance between the first fluidizing gas channel (121b) and the first gel channel (121a); The second gel channel (122a) is coaxially arranged with the liquid cap (122), and a gel distribution member (122a1) is arranged at the end of the second gel channel (122a) away from the generator body (121); The second fluidizing gas channels (122b) are arranged one by one corresponding to the first fluidizing gas channels (121b), and the second fluidizing gas channels (122b) are arranged at intervals around the second gel channel (122a); In the direction away from the generator body (121), the second fluidizing gas channels (122b) are arranged inclined towards the second gel channel (122a); The mixing channel (123a) comprises a first mixing channel portion (123a1) and a second mixing channel portion (123a2) arranged coaxially; The first mixing channel part (123a1) and the second mixing channel part (123a2) are arranged in sequence in a direction away from the liquid cap (122); The first mixing channel part (123a1) and the second mixing channel part (123a2) are respectively conical annular channels; The large-diameter end of the second mixing channel part (123a2) is connected with the small-diameter end of the first mixing channel part (123a1).

7. The spray and combustion test apparatus of claim 6, wherein The liquid cap (122) is coaxially provided with an extension tube (1221) at an end away from the generator body (121); The extension tube (1221) extends into the second mixing channel part (123a2), and the outer diameter of the extension tube (1221) is smaller than the inner diameter of the second mixing channel part (123a2); The hollow part of the extension tube (1221) is connected with the second gel channel (122a), and the gel distribution member (122a1) is arranged at an end of the extension tube (1221) extending into the second mixing channel part (123a2).

8. The spray and combustion test apparatus of claim 7, wherein The combustion observation cover (13) is a hollow cover body with an open lower end, which comprises an observation cover body (131) and a quartz glass plate (132); The observation cover body (131) is provided with a mounting window in the side wall, and the quartz glass plate (132) is mounted on the mounting window; The gel supply unit (2) comprises a support (21), a syringe (22) supported on the support (21), and an extrusion assembly (23); The syringe (22) is used to contain metal-based gel fuel, and the extrusion assembly (23) is connected with the syringe (22); The data acquisition unit (3) comprises a camera (31), a spectrometer (32), a spring sampler (33), a water-cooled probe (34), and a flue gas analyzer (35); The camera (31) is arranged opposite to the quartz glass plate (132); The spectrometer (32), the spring sampler (33), and the water-cooled probe (34) are respectively connected with the observation cover body (131); The flue gas analyzer (35) is connected with the water-cooled probe (34).

Images