A laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of coal mining machines

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of cutting equipment, and in particular relates to a laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of coal mining machines, comprising a workbench and a control cabinet installed on the side wall of the workbench, wherein a laser cutting mechanism is installed on the end face of the workbench, and the laser cutting mechanism is electrically connected to the control cabinet, and further comprising: a heat insulating seat, which is detachably connected to the workbench, a mounting frame hole is provided on the end face of the workbench, and the top of the heat insulating seat passes through the mounting frame hole and is flush with the end face of the workbench; a heating unit is provided on the end face of the heat insulating seat, and the heating unit is electrically connected to the control cabinet. The present invention can not only improve the cutting quality and reduce defects such as cracks by preheating, but also automatically adjust the laser energy according to the impurities at each position to ensure the cutting effect of the coal mining machine cutting end plate, and at the same time, it can adsorb and purify the exhaust gas generated during cutting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cutting equipment, and in particular relates to a laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of a coal mining machine. Background Art

[0002] The cutting end plate of the coal mining machine is a key component, and its quality directly affects the coal mining efficiency. Laser cutting technology is widely used in the field of metal processing. Introducing it into the cutting end plate processing can achieve high-precision and high-quality cutting, meet the requirements of complex shapes and strict dimensions, and help improve the overall performance of the coal mining machine.

[0003] Since laser cutting has a small damage surface, high cutting efficiency and precision, and less thermal stress, the shearer cutting end plate is usually processed by laser cutting. For example, patent publication number CN220698562U discloses a laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of a shearer. The device can clamp and fix the shearer cutting end plate through a clamping structure and cut the cutting end plate through a laser cutting system.

[0004] The cutting end plate of the coal mining machine is made of high-strength wear-resistant steel. It is installed at the end of the drum and is in direct contact with the coal seam on the working surface. Laser cutting can ensure the forming size of the cutting end plate and the cutting efficiency is also high. However, it is affected by the uniformity of the steel material (impurities may be mixed into the steel during manufacturing), surface oxides, etc. When cutting the cutting end plate, the laser cutting energy required at each position will be different due to the influence of impurities, oxide scale, etc., and now when the laser cutting system is performing laser cutting, the laser energy is generally pre-set, which may cause incomplete cutting and separation at local positions of the cutting end plate (for example, the oxide scale consumes part of the laser energy, resulting in incomplete cutting and separation), affecting the laser cutting quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of a coal mining machine in order to solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of a coal mining machine, comprising a workbench and a control cabinet mounted on the side wall of the workbench, a laser cutting mechanism mounted on the end face of the workbench, the laser cutting mechanism being electrically connected to the control cabinet, and further comprising:

[0007] A heat-insulating seat is detachably connected to the workbench, wherein an end surface of the workbench is provided with a mounting frame hole, and a top of the heat-insulating seat passes through the mounting frame hole and is flush with the end surface of the workbench;

[0008] A heating unit is provided on the end surface of the thermal insulation base and is electrically connected to the control cabinet;

[0009] A pressing plate is arranged above the workbench, the workbench is equipped with a driving assembly, and the driving assembly drives the pressing plate to move in the vertical direction, the bottom of the pressing plate is provided with an upper heat-sensing mechanism, and the end surface of the thermal insulation seat is provided with a lower heat-sensing mechanism, the driving assembly, the upper heat-sensing mechanism and the lower heat-sensing mechanism are all electrically connected to the control cabinet, and the end surface of the pressing plate is provided with a working area;

[0010] A constant resistance unit is installed at the bottom of the thermal insulation base, and the upper heat-sensing mechanism and the lower heat-sensing mechanism are both electrically connected to the constant resistance unit through a control cabinet;

[0011] The reset unit is installed at the bottom of the heat insulation seat, and the air outlet end of the reset unit is connected to the interior of the two fixed resistance units. The reset unit is electrically connected to the control cabinet.

[0012] Preferably, the heating unit includes a plurality of heating circular grooves opened at the outer edge of the end face of the insulation seat, and each heating circular groove is evenly distributed in a ring shape about the axis of the center point of the insulation seat, an electric heater is installed inside each of the heating circular grooves, and the notch of each heating circular groove is fixedly encapsulated with a heat-conducting circular plate, and the electric heater is electrically connected to the control cabinet.

[0013] Preferably, the drive assembly includes four electric push rods fixedly mounted on the bottom of the workbench, and the telescopic end of each electric push rod is slidably connected to the end surface of the workbench, the telescopic end of each electric push rod is fixedly connected to a connecting block, and each connecting block is detachably connected to the end surface of the clamping plate, and each electric push rod is electrically connected to the control cabinet.

[0014] Preferably, the upper heat sensing mechanism includes a plurality of upper mounting grooves opened at the bottom of the pressure plate, and an upper heat-conducting insulating block is fixedly installed at the groove opening of each upper mounting groove, an upper temperature probe is provided inside each upper mounting groove, and each upper temperature probe is fixedly connected to the upper heat-conducting insulating block on the same side, each upper temperature probe is electrically connected to the control cabinet, and each upper mounting groove is evenly distributed in a ring shape about the axis of the working area.

[0015] Preferably, the lower heat sensing mechanism includes a plurality of insulating heat-conductive sleeves fixedly plugged into the end surface of the thermal insulation seat, and each insulating heat-conductive sleeve is evenly distributed in a ring shape about the axis of the working area. A lower temperature probe is fixedly installed inside each of the insulating heat-conductive sleeves, and each lower temperature probe is electrically connected to the control cabinet.

[0016] Preferably, the fixed resistance unit includes an outer ring and an inner ring fixedly mounted on the bottom of the thermal insulation seat, and the inner ring is arranged on the inner side of the outer ring. A plurality of circular cavities are opened inside the inner ring and the outer ring. An insulating piston plate is slidably provided inside each of the circular cavities, and an electromagnetic push rod is fixedly mounted on the lower cavity wall of each circular cavity below the insulating piston plate. Each of the upper temperature probes is electrically connected to the corresponding electromagnetic push rod inside the outer ring through a control cabinet, and each of the lower temperature probes is electrically connected to the corresponding electromagnetic push rod inside the inner ring through a control cabinet. A resistance rod is fixedly mounted on the top of each insulating piston plate, an insulating ring is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the inner cavity of each circular cavity, and a conductive ring is fixedly mounted inside each insulating ring. The inner wall of each conductive ring is slidably connected to the corresponding resistance rod wall, and the conductive ring is electrically connected to the measurement circuit inside the control cabinet through the resistance rod. The control cabinet controls the laser energy output by the laser cutting mechanism according to the strength of the electrical signal measured by the measurement circuit. An electromagnetic switch is fixedly mounted inside each of the circular cavities, and each electromagnetic switch is electrically connected to the control cabinet.

[0017] Preferably, the reset unit includes a support column fixedly mounted on the bottom of the thermal insulation seat, and a hollow disk is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the support column, an air pump is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the hollow disk, an air supply pipe is fixedly mounted on the air outlet end of the air pump, and the air supply pipe is connected to the interior of the hollow disk, a plurality of diversion pipes are fixedly connected to the top and side walls of the hollow disk, the air outlet end of each diversion pipe is connected to the corresponding circular cavity, and the air outlet end of each diversion pipe is arranged above the insulating piston plate on the same side, the cavity wall of each circular cavity is provided with an exhaust hole, and the air pump is electrically connected to the control cabinet.

[0018] Preferably, an annular cover coaxial with the working area is fixedly installed on the end face of the pressing plate, and a plurality of adsorption holes are provided on the inner wall of the annular cover, a three-way pipe is installed on the suction end of the air pump, and a detachable suction hose is installed on both suction ends of the three-way pipe, the two suction hoses are connected with the interior of the annular cover, and the two suction hoses are slidably connected to the end face of the workbench and the pressing plate, a circular pipe is fixedly inserted into the pipe wall of the gas supply pipe, a normally open solenoid valve is installed inside the circular pipe, a normally closed solenoid valve is installed at a position above the circular pipe inside the gas supply pipe, a detachable annular container is installed at the bottom of the hollow disk, and the annular container is connected to the circular pipe, a plurality of exhaust holes are provided on the outer wall of the annular container, and the interior of the annular container is filled with adsorption filler.

[0019] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of a laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of a coal mining machine are:

[0020] 1. Through the cooperation of the set workbench, control cabinet, and laser cutting mechanism, the cutting end plate can be manufactured by laser cutting, and through the cooperation of the set heat insulation seat, mounting frame hole, heating unit, clamping plate, drive assembly, upper heat-sensing mechanism, lower heat-sensing mechanism, working area and fixed resistance unit, the steel can be clamped and fixed through the clamping plate and drive assembly, and the steel can be preheated through the heating unit, which can increase the overall temperature of the steel before cutting, thereby reducing the local thermal shock generated during laser cutting, reducing the temperature gradient inside the material during laser cutting, and reducing thermal stress accordingly, which is conducive to reducing defects such as cracks and deformation on the cutting edge, making the cutting edge smoother and flatter, and improving the cutting quality. Through the upper heat-sensing mechanism, lower heat-sensing mechanism and fixed resistance unit, the preheated heat can be used to pre-regulate the laser energy of the laser cutting mechanism based on the content of impurities, oxides, etc. at various positions on the inner and outer circles of the cutting end plate before cutting, so that the laser energy can be adaptively regulated, further improving the cutting quality of the cutting end plate.

[0021] 2. By setting the reset unit, after the cutting of a cutting end plate is completed, the insulating piston plates inside the fixed resistance unit can be quickly moved back and reset, so that the next fixed resistance adjustment of the fixed resistance unit can be carried out, which is easy to use.

[0022] 3. Through the cooperation of the annular cover, adsorption hole, tee pipe, suction hose, round pipe, normally open solenoid valve, normally closed solenoid valve, annular container and tail gas hole, the reset unit can be used at the gas source to collect and purify the cutting exhaust gas during the laser cutting process, thereby reducing the impact of the cutting exhaust gas on the surrounding air. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of a coal mining machine provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a workbench of a laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of a coal mining machine provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a workbench of a laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of a coal mining machine provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a compression plate of a laser cutting device for machining mechanical parts of a coal mining machine provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 The present invention provides a laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of a coal mining machine. Figure 3A magnified view of the structure of part A;

[0028] Figure 6 The present invention provides a laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of a coal mining machine. Figure 3 A magnified view of the structure of part B.

[0029] In the figure: 1 workbench, 2 control cabinet, 3 laser cutting mechanism, 4 thermal insulation seat, 5 mounting frame hole, 6 heating unit, 61 heating circular groove, 62 electric heater, 63 thermal conductive circular plate, 7 pressing plate, 8 drive assembly, 81 electric push rod, 82 connecting block, 9 upper thermal sensing mechanism, 91 upper mounting groove, 92 upper thermal conductive insulating block, 93 upper temperature probe, 10 lower thermal sensing mechanism, 101 insulating thermal conductive sleeve, 102 lower temperature probe, 11 working area, 12 fixed resistance unit, 121 outer ring, 122 inner ring, 1 23 circular cavity, 124 insulating piston plate, 125 electromagnetic push rod, 126 resistance rod, 127 insulating ring, 128 conductive ring, 129 electromagnetic switch, 13 reset unit, 131 support column, 132 hollow disk, 133 air pump, 134 gas transmission pipe, 135 diverter pipe, 136 exhaust hole, 14 annular cover, 15 adsorption hole, 16 three-way pipe, 17 suction hose, 18 circular tube, 19 normally open solenoid valve, 20 normally closed solenoid valve, 21 annular container, 22 exhaust hole, 23 adsorption filler. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0031] like Figures 1-6As shown, a laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of a coal mining machine includes a workbench 1 and a control cabinet 2 installed on the side wall of the workbench 1. A laser cutting mechanism 3 is installed on the end face of the workbench 1. The laser cutting mechanism 3 is electrically connected to the control cabinet 2. The laser cutting mechanism 3 includes a mobile driving structure in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions, and a laser structure. The mobile driving structure is mainly used to adjust the laser structure to move according to a preset route, and the laser structure is mainly used to emit cutting lasers. It also includes: a heat insulation seat 4, which is detachably connected to the workbench 1. The end face of the workbench 1 is provided with a mounting frame hole 5, and the heat insulation The top of the seat 4 passes through the mounting frame hole 5 and is flush with the end face of the workbench 1. The heating unit 6 is arranged on the end face of the thermal insulation seat 4, and the heating unit 6 is electrically connected to the control cabinet 2. The heating unit 6 includes a plurality of heating circular grooves 61 opened at the outer edge of the end face of the thermal insulation seat 4, and each heating circular groove 61 is evenly distributed in a ring shape about the axis of the center point of the thermal insulation seat 4. An electric heater 62 is installed inside each heating circular groove 61, and the notch of each heating circular groove 61 is fixedly encapsulated with a heat-conducting circular plate 63. The electric heater 62 is electrically connected to the control cabinet 2. When the electric heater 62 is working, the heat generated by it is discharged outward through the heat-conducting circular plate 63.

[0032] The clamping plate 7 is arranged above the workbench 1. The workbench 1 is equipped with a driving assembly 8, and the driving assembly 8 drives the clamping plate 7 to move in the vertical direction. The driving assembly 8 includes four electric push rods 81 fixedly installed on the bottom of the workbench 1, and the telescopic end of each electric push rod 81 is slidingly connected to the end face of the workbench 1. The telescopic end of each electric push rod 81 is fixedly connected to a connecting block 82, and each connecting block 82 is detachably connected to the end face of the clamping plate 7. Each electric push rod 81 is electrically connected to the control cabinet 2. The electric push rod 81 can drive the clamping plate 7 to move downward to clamp and fix the steel, thereby ensuring the stability of the steel during the cutting process.

[0033] An upper heat-sensing mechanism 9 is provided at the bottom of the pressing plate 7. The upper heat-sensing mechanism 9 includes a plurality of upper mounting grooves 91 opened at the bottom of the pressing plate 7, and an upper heat-conducting insulating block 92 is fixedly installed at the notch of each upper mounting groove 91. An upper temperature probe 93 is provided inside each upper mounting groove 91, and each upper temperature probe 93 is fixedly connected to the upper heat-conducting insulating block 92 on the same side. Each upper temperature probe 93 is electrically connected to the control cabinet 2. Each upper mounting groove 91 is evenly distributed in a ring shape about the axis of the working area 11. The thermistor inside the upper temperature probe 93 is in the range of 0°C to 200°C. When the temperature it is exposed to increases, its own resistance decreases.

[0034] The end face of the thermal insulation seat 4 is provided with a lower heat-sensing mechanism 10, and the driving component 8, the upper heat-sensing mechanism 9 and the lower heat-sensing mechanism 10 are all electrically connected to the control cabinet 2. The end face of the clamping plate 7 is provided with a working area 11. The lower heat-sensing mechanism 10 includes a plurality of insulating heat-conductive sleeves 101 fixedly plugged into the end face of the thermal insulation seat 4, and each insulating heat-conductive sleeve 101 is evenly distributed in a ring shape about the axis of the working area 11. A lower temperature probe 102 is fixedly installed inside each insulating heat-conductive sleeve 101, and each lower temperature probe 102 is electrically connected to the control cabinet 2. The thermistor inside the lower temperature probe 102 is in the range of 0°C to 200°C. When the temperature it is subjected to increases, its own resistance decreases. The working area 11 is a cutting area for the laser cutting mechanism 3 to cut the end plate of steel.

[0035] The constant resistance unit 12 is installed at the bottom of the thermal insulation seat 4. The upper heat-sensing mechanism 9 and the lower heat-sensing mechanism 10 are electrically connected to the constant resistance unit 12 through the control cabinet 2. The constant resistance unit 12 includes an outer ring 121 and an inner ring 122 fixedly installed at the bottom of the thermal insulation seat 4, and the inner ring 122 is arranged on the inner side of the outer ring 121. A plurality of circular cavities 123 are opened inside the inner ring 122 and the outer ring 121. An insulating piston plate 124 is slidably provided inside each circular cavity 123, and an electromagnetic push rod 125 is fixedly installed on the lower cavity wall of each circular cavity 123 below the insulating piston plate 124. Each upper temperature probe 93 is electrically connected to the corresponding electromagnetic push rod 125 inside the outer ring 121 through the control cabinet 2. Each lower temperature probe 102 is electrically connected to the corresponding electromagnetic push rod 125 inside the inner ring 122 through the control cabinet 2. The top of each insulating piston plate 124 A resistance rod 126 is fixedly installed, an insulating ring 127 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the inner part of each circular cavity 123, and a conductive ring 128 is fixedly installed inside each insulating ring 127. The inner wall of each conductive ring 128 is slidably connected to the rod wall of the corresponding resistance rod 126, and the conductive ring 128 is electrically connected to the measurement circuit inside the control cabinet 2 through the resistance rod 126. The control cabinet 2 controls the laser energy output by the laser cutting mechanism 3 according to the electrical signal strength measured by the measurement circuit. An electromagnetic switch 129 is fixedly installed inside each circular cavity 123, and each electromagnetic switch 129 is electrically connected to the control cabinet 2. The electromagnetic push rod 125 includes components such as a cylinder, a rod, an electromagnetic component, a permanent magnet, and an elastic element. After the electromagnetic component is energized, it can push the permanent magnet to drive the rod out under the action of like-charge repulsion. This is an existing mature technology, so it will not be described here.

[0036] The reset unit 13 is installed at the bottom of the heat insulation seat 4, and the air outlet of the reset unit 13 is connected to the interior of the two fixed resistance units 12. The reset unit 13 is electrically connected to the control cabinet 2. The reset unit 13 includes a support column 131 fixedly installed at the bottom of the heat insulation seat 4, and a hollow disk 132 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support column 131. An air pump 133 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the hollow disk 132. An air delivery pipe 134 is fixedly installed at the air outlet of the air pump 133, and the air delivery pipe 134 is connected to the interior of the hollow disk 132. The hollow disk 13 2 is fixedly connected to the top and side walls with multiple shunt pipes 135. The outlet end of each shunt pipe 135 is connected to the corresponding circular cavity 123, and the outlet end of each shunt pipe 135 is arranged above the insulating piston plate 124 on the same side. The cavity wall of each circular cavity 123 is provided with an exhaust hole 136. The air pump 133 is electrically connected to the control cabinet 2. Each exhaust hole 136 is located above the insulating piston plate 124. When the air delivered by the air pump 133 is discharged through the exhaust hole 136, the insulating piston plate 124 is in the initial position.

[0037] An annular cover 14 coaxial with the working area 11 is fixedly installed on the end face of the pressing plate 7, and a plurality of adsorption holes 15 are provided on the inner wall of the annular cover 14. A three-way pipe 16 is installed on the suction end of the air pump 133, and a detachable suction hose 17 is installed on the two suction ends of the three-way pipe 16. The two suction hoses 17 are connected to the interior of the annular cover 14, and the two suction hoses 17 are slidably connected to the end faces of the workbench 1 and the pressing plate 7. A circular pipe 18 is fixedly inserted into the pipe wall of the air supply pipe 134, and a normally open solenoid valve 19 is installed inside the circular pipe 18. A normally closed solenoid valve 20 is installed at the position above the circular pipe 18 inside the air supply pipe 134. A detachable annular container 21 is installed at the bottom of the hollow disk 132, and the annular container 21 is connected to the circular pipe 18. A plurality of tail gas holes 22 are provided on the outer wall of the annular container 21. The interior of the annular container 21 is filled with an adsorption filler 23, and the adsorption filler 23 is a filler with a porous structure, such as activated carbon.

[0038] The operating principle of the present invention is now described as follows: the steel to be cut is placed on the workbench 1, and then the control cabinet 2 is started. The control cabinet 2 controls the four electric push rods 81 to perform a timed return operation. The four electric push rods 81 can drive the pressing plate 7 to move downward, so that the bottom of the pressing plate 7 presses and fixes the steel;

[0039] After the electric push rod 81 finishes working, the control cabinet 2 will control each electric heater 62 to work at a fixed time (the heating temperature of the electric heater 62 is 70℃±1℃). The electric heater 62 can heat the steel through the heat-conducting circular plate 63. By preheating the heat-conducting circular plate 63 before laser cutting, the local thermal shock generated during laser cutting can be reduced, and the temperature gradient inside the material during laser cutting can be reduced. The thermal stress is also reduced accordingly, which is conducive to reducing defects such as cracks and deformation on the cutting edge, making the cutting edge smoother and flatter, and improving the cutting quality. At the same time, the heat heated by the electric heater 62 will be conducted through the steel to the upper heat-conducting insulating block 92 and the insulating heat-conducting sleeve 101. After the electric heater 62 finishes working for 2 minutes, the control cabinet 2 will connect the thermistors inside each upper temperature probe 93 with the connection circuit of the corresponding electromagnetic push rod 125, and connect the thermistors inside each lower temperature probe 102 with the connection circuit of the corresponding electromagnetic push rod 125. Impurities and When there is too much oxide scale, the thermal resistance of the steel is large, which will consume part of the laser energy, thereby affecting the smoothness of cutting the steel. Impurities and oxide scale will increase the thermal resistance of the steel, so during the time when the electric heater 62 is working regularly, the heat that can be conducted to the upper temperature probe 93 and the lower temperature probe 102 at the corresponding position will be reduced, so that the resistance of the connection circuit between the upper temperature probe 93 or the lower temperature probe 102 and the corresponding electromagnetic push rod 125 will increase. At this time, the current flowing into the electromagnetic push rod 125 is reduced, so that the distance that the electromagnetic push rod 125 pushes the insulating piston plate 124 on the same side to move up becomes smaller. After the connection circuit between the electromagnetic push rod 125 and the corresponding upper temperature probe 93 or the lower temperature probe 102 is energized for 5 seconds, the control cabinet 2 controls each electromagnetic push rod 125 to be de-energized. Due to the friction between the insulating piston plate 124 and the wall of the circular cavity 123, the insulating piston plate 124 will not fall back synchronously with the electromagnetic push rod 125. Therefore, at this time, the insulating piston plate 124 can maintain the position stability of the resistance rod 126.

[0040] After the electric heater 62 finishes working, the control cabinet 2 controls the laser cutting mechanism 3 to start working according to the preset program (the control cabinet 2 controls the driving mechanism of the laser cutting mechanism 3 according to the preset program to drive the laser head to move according to the preset route). The laser head of the laser cutting mechanism 3 emits laser, which can cut the steel, thereby cutting to form a cutting plate (the cutting path of the laser head of the laser cutting mechanism 3 is inside the working area 11 opened on the end face of the clamping plate 7, that is, the laser passes through the working area 11 to directly cut the steel. Secondly, since the laser needs to penetrate the steel, in order to avoid the steel from damaging the workbench 1 and the heat-conducting circular plate 63 and other components , a detachable protective plate can be installed on the end face of the workbench 1. The diameter of the protective plate is slightly larger than the diameter of the cutting plate to be cut and is made of a material with good thermal conductivity. If the protective plate is damaged by laser cutting, the protective plate can be replaced to achieve the purpose of protecting the workbench 1 and the heat-conducting circular plate 63 and other components). When the control cabinet 2 controls the laser cutting mechanism 3 to start working, the control cabinet 2 controls each electromagnetic switch 129 to work in sequence according to a preset order (the preset order is set according to the moving path of the laser head of the laser cutting mechanism 3. For example, the laser cutting mechanism 3 first cuts the inner ring of the end plate. 122 is cut, the electromagnetic switch 129 corresponding to the point where the inner ring 122 starts cutting is energized first, and then the next electromagnetic switches 129 are controlled to be energized in sequence according to the moving path of the laser head). Each electromagnetic switch 129 is powered on for a certain period of time (the time is set according to the moving speed of the laser head of the laser cutting mechanism 3). When the electromagnetic switch 129 is energized, the electromagnetic switch 129 will connect the corresponding conductive ring 128 and the resistance rod 126 to the measurement circuit of the control cabinet 2, and the measurement circuit of the control cabinet 2 will measure the current intensity of the connection circuit between the conductive ring 128 and the resistance rod 126 At locations with more impurities and oxides, since these will consume some of the laser energy, it is necessary to increase the laser energy output at these locations. At these locations, since the electromagnetic push rod 125 pushes the insulating piston plate 124 on the same side upwards to a smaller distance, the length of the resistor rod 126 connected to the conductive ring 128 and the measuring circuit of the control cabinet 2 becomes smaller, so the current intensity detected by the measuring circuit of the control cabinet 2 becomes larger. At this time, the control cabinet 2 increases the laser energy output by the laser head of the laser cutting mechanism 3 according to a certain ratio (this ratio can be set according to the steel material used, for example, the current intensity increases by 0.1A, the laser energy is controlled to increase by 100W), thereby ensuring that the laser light emitted by the laser head of the laser cutting mechanism 3 can meet the cutting requirements of the steel at that location, ensuring cutting quality. When the laser head of the laser cutting mechanism 3 moves away from that location, the electromagnetic switch 129 at that location is disconnected, and the electromagnetic switch 129 corresponding to the next cutting location is energized. The control cabinet 2 then controls the laser head of the laser cutting mechanism 3 to emit laser light of appropriate energy according to the current intensity in the circuit connecting the conductive ring 128 and the resistor rod 126 corresponding to the next closed electromagnetic switch 129, until the steel cutting operation is completed. (Because the insulating piston plate 124 relatively fixes the positions of the resistor rod 126 and the conductive ring 128 before the laser is started, when the electromagnetic switch 129 is closed, the control cabinet 2 can immediately and synchronously regulate the laser energy output by the laser head of the laser cutting mechanism 3 according to the current intensity in the circuit connecting the conductive ring 128 and the resistor rod 126, ensuring timely laser energy regulation.)

[0041] When the control cabinet 2 starts the laser cutting mechanism 3, the air pump 133 is started synchronously. The suction end of the air pump 133 sucks in the exhaust gas generated during laser cutting through the three-way pipe 16, two suction hoses 17, the annular cover 14 and the various adsorption holes 15, and transports it to the inside of the annular container 21 through the air delivery pipe 134 and the circular pipe 18, and finally discharges it through the various tail gas holes 22 on the side wall of the annular container 21. When the exhaust gas passes through the inside of the annular container 21, the impurities in the exhaust gas will be intercepted by the adsorption filler 23, thereby purifying the cutting exhaust gas to a certain extent and reducing the impact of the cutting exhaust gas on the surrounding air.

[0042] After the steel cutting work is completed, the control cabinet 2 will control the normally open solenoid valve 19 and the normally closed solenoid valve 20 to work for 20 seconds. At this time, the air delivered by the air pump 133 will directly enter the hollow disk 132 through the air supply pipe 134, and enter the interior of each circular cavity 123 through the various branch pipes 135 on the side wall and top of the hollow disk 132. As the airflow into the circular cavity 123 increases, under the action of high air pressure, each insulating piston plate 124 will move downward. After each insulating piston plate 124 moves down and resets, the excess air entering the circular cavity 123 will be discharged through each exhaust hole 136. By making each insulating piston plate 124 move back and reset, the laser cutting work of the next cutting end plate can be facilitated. At this point, the laser cutting of a single cutting end plate is completed. Subsequently, the control cabinet 2 controls each electric push rod 81 to drive the clamping plate 7 to move back and reset, and controls the laser head of the laser cutting mechanism 3 to return to the origin.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of a coal mining machine, comprising a workbench (1) and a control cabinet (2) mounted on a side wall of the workbench (1), wherein a laser cutting mechanism (3) is mounted on an end face of the workbench (1), and the laser cutting mechanism (3) is electrically connected to the control cabinet (2), and is characterized in that: Also includes: A heat-insulating seat (4) is detachably connected to the workbench (1); a mounting frame hole (5) is provided on the end surface of the workbench (1); and the top of the heat-insulating seat (4) passes through the mounting frame hole (5) and is flush with the end surface of the workbench (1); A heating unit (6) is arranged on the end surface of the heat-insulating seat (4), and the heating unit (6) is electrically connected to the control cabinet (2); A clamping plate (7) is arranged above the workbench (1), the workbench (1) is equipped with a driving assembly (8), and the driving assembly (8) drives the clamping plate (7) to move in the vertical direction, an upper heat-sensing mechanism (9) is provided at the bottom of the clamping plate (7), and a lower heat-sensing mechanism (10) is provided at the end surface of the heat-insulating seat (4), the driving assembly (8), the upper heat-sensing mechanism (9) and the lower heat-sensing mechanism (10) are all electrically connected to the control cabinet (2), and a working area (11) is provided at the end surface of the clamping plate (7); A constant resistance unit (12) is installed at the bottom of the heat-insulating seat (4), and the upper heat-sensing mechanism (9) and the lower heat-sensing mechanism (10) are both electrically connected to the constant resistance unit (12) through the control cabinet (2); A reset unit (13) is installed at the bottom of the heat-insulating seat (4), and an air outlet of the reset unit (13) is connected to the interior of the two fixed resistance units (12), and the reset unit (13) is electrically connected to the control cabinet (2); The fixed resistance unit (12) comprises an outer ring (121) and an inner ring (122) fixedly mounted on the bottom of the heat-insulating seat (4), and the inner ring (122) is arranged on the inner side of the outer ring (121), and a plurality of circular cavities (123) are provided inside the inner ring (122) and the outer ring (121), and an insulating piston plate (124) is slidably provided inside each of the circular cavities (123), and an electromagnetic push rod (125) is fixedly mounted on the lower cavity wall of each circular cavity (123) below the insulating piston plate (124), and a resistance rod (126) is fixedly mounted on the top of each insulating piston plate (124), and each of the circular cavities (123) is provided with a plurality of circular cavities (123). ) are fixedly mounted on the inner upper side of each of the circular cavities (123), and a conductive ring (128) is fixedly mounted inside each of the insulating rings (127), the inner wall of each of the conductive rings (128) is slidably connected to the rod wall of the corresponding resistance rod (126), and the conductive ring (128) is electrically connected to the measurement circuit inside the control cabinet (2) through the resistance rod (126), and the control cabinet (2) controls the laser energy output by the laser cutting mechanism (3) according to the strength of the electrical signal measured by the measurement circuit, and an electromagnetic switch (129) is fixedly mounted inside each of the circular cavities (123), and each of the electromagnetic switches (129) is electrically connected to the control cabinet (2).

2. A laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of a coal mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating unit (6) includes a plurality of heating circular grooves (61) provided at the outer edge of the end surface of the heat-insulating seat (4), and each heating circular groove (61) is evenly distributed in a ring shape about the central axis of the heat-insulating seat (4). An electric heater (62) is installed inside each heating circular groove (61), and a heat-conducting circular plate (63) is fixedly encapsulated at the notch of each heating circular groove (61). The electric heater (62) is electrically connected to the control cabinet (2).

3. The laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of a coal mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (8) includes four electric push rods (81) fixedly mounted on the bottom of the workbench (1), and the telescopic end of each electric push rod (81) is slidably connected to the end surface of the workbench (1), the telescopic end of each electric push rod (81) is fixedly connected to a connecting block (82), and each connecting block (82) is detachably connected to the end surface of the pressing plate (7), and each electric push rod (81) is electrically connected to the control cabinet (2).

4. The laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of a coal mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper heat sensing mechanism (9) includes a plurality of upper mounting grooves (91) provided at the bottom of the pressing plate (7), and an upper heat-conducting insulating block (92) is fixedly installed at the groove of each upper mounting groove (91), an upper temperature probe (93) is provided inside each upper mounting groove (91), and each upper temperature probe (93) is fixedly connected to the upper heat-conducting insulating block (92) on the same side, and each upper temperature probe (93) is electrically connected to the control cabinet (2), and each upper mounting groove (91) is evenly distributed in a ring shape about the axis of the working area (11), and each upper temperature probe (93) is electrically connected to the corresponding electromagnetic push rod (125) inside the outer ring (121) through the control cabinet (2).

5. The laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of a coal mining machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower heat-sensing mechanism (10) includes a plurality of insulating heat-conducting sleeves (101) fixedly plugged into the end surface of the heat-insulating seat (4), and each insulating heat-conducting sleeve (101) is evenly distributed in a ring shape about the axis of the working area (11), and each insulating heat-conducting sleeve (101) is fixedly installed with a lower temperature probe (102) inside, and each lower temperature probe (102) is electrically connected to the control cabinet (2), and each lower temperature probe (102) is electrically connected to the corresponding electromagnetic push rod (125) inside the inner ring (122) through the control cabinet (2).

6. The laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of a coal mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset unit (13) includes a support column (131) fixedly mounted on the bottom of the heat-insulating seat (4), and a hollow disk (132) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the support column (131), an air pump (133) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the hollow disk (132), an air delivery pipe (134) is fixedly mounted on the air outlet end of the air pump (133), and the air delivery pipe (134) is connected to the interior of the hollow disk (132), a plurality of diversion pipes (135) are fixedly plugged into the top and side walls of the hollow disk (132), the air outlet end of each diversion pipe (135) is connected to the corresponding circular cavity (123), and the air outlet end of each diversion pipe (135) is arranged above the insulating piston plate (124) on the same side, and the cavity wall of each circular cavity (123) is provided with an exhaust hole (136), and the air pump (133) is electrically connected to the control cabinet (2).

7. A laser cutting device for processing mechanical parts of a coal mining machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end face of the pressing plate (7) is fixedly mounted with an annular cover (14) coaxial with the working area (11), and the inner wall of the annular cover (14) is provided with a plurality of adsorption holes (15), the suction end of the air pump (133) is mounted with a three-way pipe (16), and both suction ends of the three-way pipe (16) are mounted with detachable suction hoses (17), both of the two suction hoses (17) are connected to the interior of the annular cover (14), and the two suction hoses (17) are slidably connected to the end faces of the workbench (1) and the pressing plate (7), and the air delivery pipe (133) is provided with a plurality of adsorption holes (15 ... A circular tube (18) is fixedly inserted into the wall of the hollow disk (134), a normally open electromagnetic valve (19) is installed inside the circular tube (18), a normally closed electromagnetic valve (20) is installed inside the gas transmission pipe (134) at a position above the circular tube (18), a detachable annular container (21) is installed at the bottom of the hollow disk (132), and the annular container (21) is connected to the circular tube (18), a plurality of exhaust holes (22) are opened on the outer wall of the annular container (21), and the interior of the annular container (21) is filled with adsorption filler (23).

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