Hybrid chemical battery pack for heating vehicle

Abstract

A vehicle has a hybrid chemical battery having a first battery module and a second battery module, a temperature sensor, a battery heating system configured to selectively heat the first battery module and / or the second battery module, and a controller. The controller is configured to monitor a temperature of the first battery module, activate the heating system based on a determination that the temperature is below a minimum threshold, monitor a first state of charge (SoC) of the first battery module and the second battery module, calculate a minimum setpoint temperature of the first battery module based on the first SoC, the second SoC, and a maximum current load of the first battery module, and activate the heating system based on a determination that the temperature is below the minimum threshold. And instructing the battery heating system to provide a portion of the total available heating power of the battery heating system to the first battery module and a remaining portion of the total available heating power to the second battery module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to heating mixed chemistry batteries. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a vehicle having a mixed chemistry battery that includes at least two adaptively heated battery modules. Background Art

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries are used in a variety of applications, from electric vehicles to residential batteries to grid-scale applications. In general, the term lithium-ion battery refers to a variety of battery chemistries, each of which uses reactions from a lithiated metal oxide cathode and a graphite anode for charging and discharging. The two more commonly used lithium-ion chemistries are nickel-manganese-cobalt (NCM) and lithium iron phosphate (LFP). In general, NCM batteries have better performance than LFP batteries at very low temperatures (i.e., temperatures below about minus 20 degrees Celsius). Summary of the invention

[0003] In an exemplary embodiment, a method for adaptively heating a mixed chemistry battery having a first battery module and a second battery module is provided. The method includes monitoring a temperature of the first battery module, and based on determining that the temperature of the first battery module is below a minimum threshold, activating a heating system configured to heat one or more of the first battery module and the second battery module. The method also includes monitoring a first state of charge (SoC) of the first battery module, monitoring a second state of charge of the second battery module, and calculating a minimum set point temperature of the first battery module based on the first SoC, the second SoC, and a maximum current load of the first battery module. The method also includes providing a portion of the total available heating power of the heating system to the first battery module and providing a remaining portion of the total available heating power of the heating system to the second battery module. The portion is determined at least in part based on a difference between the temperature of the first battery module and the minimum set point temperature of the first battery module.

[0004] In addition to one or more features described herein, the method further includes calculating a minimum set point SoC for the first battery module based on the first SoC, temperature, and maximum current load of the first battery module. The hybrid chemistry battery is configured to provide power to the load from the first battery module based on a determination that the first SoC is greater than the minimum set point SoC, and is configured to provide power to the load from the second battery module based on a determination that the first SoC has reached the minimum set point SoC.

[0005] In addition to one or more features described herein, the portion of the total available heating power provided to the first battery module is dynamically changed based on monitored changes in the first SoC.

[0006] In addition to one or more features described herein, the first battery module has a first chemistry and the second battery module has a second chemistry different from the first chemistry.

[0007] In addition to one or more features described herein, the first chemical composition has a greater energy density than the second chemical composition.

[0008] In addition to the one or more features described herein, the method also includes deactivating the heating system based on determining that the temperature of the first battery module has reached a maximum threshold.

[0009] In addition to the one or more features described herein, the maximum current load of the first battery module is determined based on a first chemistry of the first battery module and a configuration of the first battery module.

[0010] In addition to one or more features described herein, the first battery module is connected in parallel to the second battery module via a direct current (DC) / DC converter.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment, a vehicle is provided. The vehicle includes a mixed chemistry battery having a first battery module and a second battery module, a temperature sensor, a battery heating system configured to selectively heat one or more of the battery module and the second battery module, and a controller. The controller is configured to monitor the temperature of the first battery module via the temperature sensor, and to start the heating system based on determining that the temperature of the first battery module is below a minimum threshold. The controller is also configured to monitor a first state of charge (SoC) of the first battery module, monitor a second state of charge (SoC) of the second battery module, and calculate a minimum set point temperature of the first battery module based on the first SoC, the second SoC, and the maximum current load of the first battery module. The controller is also configured to instruct the battery heating system to provide a portion of the total available heating power of the battery heating system to the first battery module, and to provide the remaining portion of the total available heating power of the heating system to the second battery module. The portion is determined at least in part based on the difference between the temperature of the first battery module and the minimum set point temperature of the first battery module.

[0012] In addition to one or more features described herein, the first battery module is connected in parallel to the second battery module via a direct current (DC) / DC converter.

[0013] In addition to one or more features described herein, the portion of the total available heating power provided to the first battery module is dynamically changed based on monitored changes in the first SoC.

[0014] In addition to one or more features described herein, the first battery module has a first chemistry and the second battery module has a second chemistry different from the first chemistry.

[0015] In addition to one or more features described herein, the first chemical composition has a greater energy density than the second chemical composition.

[0016] In addition to the one or more features described herein, the maximum current load of the first battery module is determined based on a first chemistry of the first battery module and a configuration of the first battery module.

[0017] In addition to one or more features described herein, the controller is further configured to calculate a minimum set point SoC for the first battery module based on the first SoC, temperature, and maximum current load of the first battery module. The mixed chemistry battery is configured to provide power to the load from the first battery module based on a determination that the first SoC is greater than the minimum set point SoC, and is configured to provide power to the load from the second battery module based on a determination that the first SoC has reached the minimum set point SoC.

[0018] In addition to the one or more features described herein, the controller is further configured to deactivate the heating system based on determining that the temperature of the first battery module has reached a maximum threshold.

[0019] In another exemplary embodiment, a vehicle is provided. The vehicle includes a hybrid chemical component battery, a temperature sensor, a battery heating system, and a controller, wherein the hybrid chemical component battery has a first battery module, a second battery module, and a direct current (DC) / DC converter connected to both the first battery module and the second battery module, wherein the first chemical component has a greater energy density than the second chemical component, and the battery heating system is configured to selectively heat one or more of the battery module and the second battery module. The controller is configured to monitor the temperature of the first battery module via the temperature sensor, and to start the heating system based on determining that the temperature of the first battery module is below a minimum threshold. The controller is also configured to monitor a first state of charge (SoC) of the first battery module, monitor a second state of charge (SoC) of the second battery module, and calculate a minimum set point temperature of the first battery module based on the first SoC, the second SoC, and the maximum current load of the first battery module. The controller is also configured to instruct the battery heating system to provide a portion of the total available heating power of the battery heating system to the first battery module, and to provide the remaining portion of the total available heating power of the heating system to the second battery module. The portion is determined at least in part based on the difference between the temperature of the first battery module and the minimum set point temperature of the first battery module.

[0020] In addition to one or more features described herein, the controller is further configured to calculate a minimum set point SoC for the first battery module based on the first SoC, temperature, and maximum current load of the first battery module. The mixed chemistry battery is configured to provide power to the load from the first battery module based on a determination that the first SoC is greater than the minimum set point SoC, and is configured to provide power to the load from the second battery module based on a determination that the first SoC has reached the minimum set point SoC.

[0021] In addition to the one or more features described herein, the controller is further configured to deactivate the heating system based on determining that the temperature of the first battery module has reached a maximum threshold.

[0022] In addition to the one or more features described herein, the maximum current load of the first battery module is determined based on a first chemistry of the first battery module and a configuration of the first battery module.

[0023] The above features and advantages and other features and advantages of the present disclosure are apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Other features, advantages and details appear, by way of example only, from the following detailed description, which refers to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating a portion of an electrical system of a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0027] Figure 3A and Figure 3B is a graph showing the relationship between the voltage of the battery module and the state of charge of the battery module at different temperatures;

[0028] Figure 4A is a graph showing changes in the state of charge of a first battery module and a second battery module during use of a mixed-chemistry battery without heating the mixed-chemistry battery;

[0029] Figure 4B is a graph showing changes in the state of charge of a first battery module and a second battery module during use of a mixed chemistry battery while heating the mixed chemistry battery at a first rate;

[0030] Figure 4Cis a graph showing changes in the state of charge of the first battery module and the second battery module during use of the mixed chemistry battery while heating the mixed chemistry battery at a second rate;

[0031] Figure 5A is a graph showing temperature changes of a first battery module and a second battery module of a mixed chemistry battery using an adaptive heating method according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0032] Figure 5B is a graph illustrating heating power provided to a first battery module and a second battery module of a mixed chemistry battery using an adaptive heating method according to an exemplary embodiment; and

[0033] Figure 6 is a flow chart illustrating a method for adaptively heating a hybrid chemistry battery of a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, its application or use. Various embodiments of the present disclosure are described herein with reference to the relevant drawings. Alternative embodiments of the present disclosure may be designed without departing from the scope of the claims. Various connections and positional relationships (e.g., above, below, adjacent, etc.) between elements are described in the following description and the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise stated, these connections and / or positional relationships may be direct or indirect, and the present disclosure is not intended to be limited in this regard. Therefore, the connection of an entity may refer to a direct or indirect connection, and the positional relationship between entities may be a direct or indirect positional relationship.

[0035] Turning now to an overview of aspects of the present disclosure, embodiments of the present disclosure include a vehicle having a mixed chemistry battery that includes a first battery module and a second battery module. In an exemplary embodiment, the vehicle is configured to draw power from the first battery module until the first battery module reaches a cutoff state of charge (SoC) value and then draw power from the second battery module. Because the first battery module will be discharged and recharged more frequently than the second battery module, the first battery module is configured to have a higher cycle life than the second battery module. In some embodiments, the second battery module has a higher energy density than the first battery module.

[0036] As used herein, a mixed chemistry battery is a lithium-ion battery that includes battery cells having at least two different chemistries. Two of the more commonly used lithium-ion chemistries are nickel-manganese-cobalt (NCM) and lithium iron phosphate (LFP). Generally, LFP batteries cost less to manufacture than NCM batteries, and NCM batteries have higher power ratings and energy densities than LFP batteries, and NCM batteries have better performance than LFP batteries at very low temperatures (i.e., temperatures below about minus 20 degrees Celsius).

[0037] Since the first battery module will be used to provide energy to the vehicle during initial use of the vehicle, it is desirable to heat the first battery module at a faster rate than the second battery module. In an exemplary embodiment, the vehicle includes a heating system configured to selectively heat the battery modules. In an exemplary embodiment, the amount of heating power provided by the heating system to the first battery module and the second battery module is dynamically changed based at least in part on the SoC of the first battery module, the SoC of the second battery module, and the maximum current load of the first battery module.

[0038] Reference now Figure 1 , shows a schematic diagram of a vehicle 100 including a hybrid chemistry battery 110 according to one or more embodiments. The vehicle 100 also includes a controller 102, a temperature sensor 104, a battery heating system 106, and an electric motor 108. In an exemplary embodiment, the controller 102 is one of a general purpose processor, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc. The controller 102 is configured to monitor the temperature sensor 104 and the SoC of the module of the hybrid chemistry battery 110, and responsively control the battery heating system 106. The electric motor 108 is configured to provide propulsion to the vehicle 100 by drawing power from the hybrid chemistry battery 110.

[0039] Reference now Figure 2 , a block diagram of a portion of an electrical system of a vehicle having a hybrid chemistry battery 110 according to an exemplary embodiment is shown. As shown, the hybrid chemistry battery 110 includes a first battery module 112 and a second battery module 114 connected in parallel to each other via a direct current (DC) / DC converter 116. In an exemplary embodiment, the DC / DC converter 116 is a bidirectional buck or boost converter. In an exemplary embodiment, the first battery module 112 is configured to maintain a voltage level that is higher than the voltage level of the second battery module 114. During use of the hybrid chemistry battery 110, power is provided from the first battery module 112 to the load 120 until the first battery module reaches a cut-off state of charge (SoC) value, and then power is provided from the second battery module 114 to the load 120.

[0040] In an exemplary embodiment, the controller 102 is configured to monitor the temperature sensor 104, the SoC of the first battery module, and the SoC of the second battery module 114. The controller 102 is also configured to calculate a minimum set point temperature of the first battery module 112 based on the SoC of the first battery module 112, the SoC of the second battery module 114, and the maximum current load of the first battery module 112. In an exemplary embodiment, the minimum set point temperature of the first battery module 112 is a minimum temperature at which power should be provided from the first battery module 112 to the load 120. The controller 102 is also configured to control the battery heating system 106 to instruct the battery heating system 106 to provide a portion of the total available heating power of the battery heating system 106 to the first battery module 112, and to provide the remaining portion of the total available heating power of the battery heating system 106 to the second battery module 114. In an exemplary embodiment, the portion of the total available heating power of the battery heating system 106 provided to the first battery module 112 is determined at least in part based on the difference between the temperature and the minimum set point temperature of the first battery module 112.

[0041] In an exemplary embodiment, the controller 102 is further configured to calculate a minimum set point SoC of the first battery module 112 based on the SoC of the first battery module 112, the temperature of the first battery module 112, and the maximum current load. The minimum set point SoC of the first battery module 112 is the minimum SoC of the first battery module 112 at which power should be provided from the first battery module 112 to the load 120. Once the monitored SoC of the first battery module 112 reaches the minimum set point SoC of the first battery module 112, the mixed chemistry battery 110 will stop providing power from the first battery module 112 to the load 120, and will start providing power from the second battery module 114 to the load 120.

[0042] In an exemplary embodiment, the heating system 106 includes one or more of a resistive heating system, a heat pump, or other thermal management system. In one embodiment, the resistive heating system includes a resistor disposed in each battery module for selectively heating each battery module by passing an electric current through the resistor.

[0043] Now refer to Figure 3A and Figure 3B, graphs 300 and 310 are shown, which illustrate the relationship between the voltage of the lithium-ion battery module and the state of charge of the lithium-ion battery module at different temperatures. Graph 300 shows the relationship between the voltage of the lithium-ion battery module and the state of charge of the lithium-ion battery module at twenty degrees Celsius (°C) when the battery module has a load current range from zero to two hundred amperes (A). Graph 300 shows the relationship between the voltage of the lithium-ion battery module and the state of charge of the lithium-ion battery module at zero degrees Celsius when the battery module has a load current range from zero to two hundred amperes (A). As shown in the difference between graphs 300 and 310, as the temperature of the lithium-ion battery module decreases, the performance of the lithium-ion battery module decreases. Therefore, it is generally desirable to heat the lithium-ion battery module operating in a very cold environment (i.e., less than 0°C) to improve the performance of the lithium-ion battery module.

[0044] Now refer to Figure 4A , a graph 400 is shown illustrating the change in the state of charge of the first battery module and the state of charge of the second battery module during use of a mixed chemistry battery without heating the mixed chemistry battery. As shown, as power is drawn from the first battery module, the state of charge of the first battery module begins to decrease. The state of charge of the first battery module decreases until it reaches the minimum set point SoC of the first battery module (approximately 1700 seconds). Once the state of charge of the first battery module reaches the minimum set point SoC of the first battery module, when power is drawn from the second battery module to provide energy to the vehicle and charge the first battery module, current begins to flow through the DC / DC converter connecting the first battery module and the second battery module, as shown in graph 405.

[0045] Now refer to Figure 4B , a graph 410 is shown illustrating the change in the state of charge of a first battery module and the state of charge of a second battery module during use of a mixed chemistry battery while heating the mixed chemistry battery at a first rate. In one embodiment, the first rate is approximately 0.5 degrees Celsius per minute of heating. As shown, as power is drawn from the first battery module, the state of charge of the first battery module begins to decrease. The state of charge of the first battery module decreases until it reaches the minimum set point SoC of the first battery module (approximately 3000 seconds). Due to the heating of the battery modules, the state of charge of the first battery module does not reach the minimum set point SoC of the first battery module until approximately 1300 seconds later. Once the state of charge of the first battery module reaches the minimum set point SoC of the first battery module, when power is drawn from the second battery module to provide energy to the vehicle and charge the first battery module, current begins to flow through the DC / DC converter connecting the first battery module and the second battery module, as shown in graph 415.

[0046] Now refer to Figure 4C , a graph 420 is shown illustrating the change in the state of charge of the first battery module and the state of charge of the second battery module during use of the mixed chemistry battery when heating the mixed chemistry battery at a second rate. In one embodiment, the second rate is about 2°C per minute of heating. As shown, as power is drawn from the first battery module, the state of charge of the first battery module begins to decrease. The state of charge of the first battery module decreases until it reaches the minimum set point SoC of the first battery module at about about 3000 seconds.

[0047] It is noteworthy that the minimum set point SoC shown in graph 420 decreases at a much higher rate than the minimum set point SoC shown in graph 410 due to the faster heating rate. However, in graphs 410 and 420, the state of charge of the first battery module reaches the minimum set point SoC of the first battery module at approximately 3000 seconds. Therefore, the additional energy consumed by increasing the heating rate from the first rate to the second rate will not have any effect on when the SoC of the first battery module reaches the minimum set point SoC of the first battery module. However, increasing the heating rate from zero as shown in graph 400 to the first rate as shown in graph 410 does result in a delay in the time for the SoC of the first battery module to reach the minimum set point SoC of the first battery module.

[0048] Therefore, it is desirable to control the amount of heating power provided to the first battery module to maximize the time for the SoC of the first battery module to reach the minimum set point SoC of the first battery module while minimizing the amount of energy expended to heat the first battery module. An exemplary embodiment utilizes an adaptive heating method that controls the heating rate to the first battery module by calculating the minimum set point temperature of the first battery module based on the SoC of the first battery module, the SoC of the second battery module, and the maximum current load of the first battery module. The heating power of the battery heating system is then divided between the first battery module and the second battery module by providing a portion of the total available heating power of the heater to the first battery module and providing the remaining portion of the total available heating power of the heater to the second battery module. The portion of the total available heating power of the heater to the first battery module is determined based at least in part on the difference between the temperature of the first battery module and the minimum set point temperature of the first battery module.

[0049] Now refer to Figure 5A and Figure 5B, graphs 500 and 510 are shown, respectively, with graph 500 illustrating the temperature change of a first battery module and a second battery module of a hybrid chemistry battery using an adaptive heating method according to an exemplary embodiment, and graph 510 illustrating the heating power provided to the first battery module and the second battery module of the hybrid chemistry battery using an adaptive heating method according to an exemplary embodiment. As best shown in graph 500, a first temperature 501 of the first battery module and a second temperature 502 of the second battery module are both at approximately negative twenty degrees Celsius (-20°C) and increase at different rates until reaching a maximum threshold temperature 503, shown as approximately ten degrees Celsius (10°C). In an exemplary embodiment, the maximum threshold temperature is the temperature at which the heating system for the hybrid chemistry battery is deactivated.

[0050] As best shown in graph 510, a first percentage of heating power 511 provided to the first battery module begins at approximately eighty percent and decreases to approximately twenty percent. Similarly, a second percentage of heating power 512 provided to the second battery module begins at approximately twenty percent and increases to approximately eighty percent. In an exemplary embodiment, the different rates of change of the temperature of the first battery module and the temperature of the second battery module are the result of the varying percentages of heating power applied to the first battery module and the second battery module. In an exemplary embodiment, the percentage of heating power 511 provided to the first battery module is controlled to maximize the duration that the SoC of the first battery module exceeds the minimum set point SoC of the first battery module while minimizing the amount of energy expended heating the first battery module.

[0051] Now refer to Figure 6 , a flow chart 600 of a method for adaptively heating a mixed chemistry battery having a first battery module and a second battery module is shown according to an exemplary embodiment. In an exemplary embodiment, the first battery module has a first chemistry and the second battery module has a second chemistry different from the first chemistry. In one embodiment, the first chemistry has a greater energy density than the second chemistry. In an exemplary embodiment, the first battery module is connected in parallel to the second battery module via a direct current (DC) / DC converter.

[0052] The method 600 begins at block 602 by monitoring the temperature of a first battery module of a mixed chemistry battery. Next, at decision block 604, it is determined whether the temperature of the first battery module is less than a threshold minimum value. If the temperature of the first battery module is less than the threshold minimum value, the method 600 proceeds to block 606 and activates a heating system for a mixed chemistry battery. In an exemplary embodiment, the heating system for a mixed chemistry battery pack is capable of selectively and independently heating one or both of the first battery module and the second battery module at different rates.

[0053] Next, at box 608, method 600 includes monitoring a first state of charge (SoC) of the first battery module and a second state of charge (SoC) of the second battery module. Method 600 also includes calculating a minimum set point temperature of the first battery module based on the first SoC, the second SoC, and the maximum current load of the first battery module at box 610. In an exemplary embodiment, the maximum current load of the first battery module is determined based on the configuration and chemistry of the first battery module. Once the minimum set point temperature of the first battery module is calculated, method 600 proceeds to box 612 and includes providing a portion of the total available heating power of the heating system to the first battery module and providing the remainder of the total available heating power of the heater to the second battery module.

[0054] In an exemplary embodiment, a portion of the total available heating power of the heating system provided to the first battery module is determined at least in part based on a difference between a temperature of the first battery module and a minimum set point temperature of the first battery module. In an exemplary embodiment, the portion of the total available heating power of the heating system provided to the first battery module is dynamically changed based on a monitored change in the SoC of the first battery module. In an exemplary embodiment, the method further includes deactivating the heating system based on determining that the temperature of the first battery module has reached a maximum threshold.

[0055] In an exemplary embodiment, the hybrid chemistry battery is configured to provide power to the load from a first battery module based on a determination that the first SoC is greater than a minimum set point SoC, and is configured to provide power to the load from a second battery module based on a determination that the first SoC has reached a minimum set point SoC. The minimum set point SoC of the first battery module is calculated based on the first SoC of the first battery module, a temperature, and a maximum current load.

[0056] The terms "one" and "an" do not indicate a limitation of quantity, but rather indicate the presence of at least one of the referenced item. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the term "or" means "and / or". References to "aspects" throughout the specification mean that a particular element (e.g., a feature, structure, step, or characteristic) described in conjunction with that aspect is included in at least one aspect described herein, and may or may not be present in other aspects. In addition, it should be understood that the described elements may be combined in any suitable manner in the various aspects.

[0057] When an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements present.

[0058] Unless otherwise indicated herein, all test standards are the most current standards in effect as of the filing date of this application or, if priority is claimed, the filing date of the earliest priority application in which the test standards appear.

[0059] Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

[0060] Although the above disclosure has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for its elements without departing from its scope. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt specific circumstances or materials to the teachings of the disclosure without departing from the basic scope of the disclosure. Therefore, it is intended that the disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, but will include all embodiments falling within its scope.

Claims

1. A method for adaptively heating a hybrid chemistry battery having a first battery module and a second battery module, the method include: monitoring a temperature of the first battery module; activating a heating system configured to heat one or more of the first battery module and the second battery module based on determining that the temperature of the first battery module is below a minimum threshold; monitoring a first state of charge (SoC) of the first battery module; monitoring a second SoC of the second battery module; calculating a minimum set point temperature of the first battery module based on the first SoC, the second SoC, and a maximum current load of the first battery module; as well as providing a portion of the total available heating power of the heating system to the first battery module and providing a remaining portion of the total available heating power of the heating system to the second battery module, Wherein the portion is determined based at least in part on a difference between the temperature of the first battery module and the minimum set point temperature of the first battery module.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: include: calculating a minimum set point SoC of the first battery module based on the first SoC of the first battery module, the temperature, and the maximum current load, wherein the mixed chemistry battery is configured to provide power to the load from the first battery module based on determining that the first SoC is greater than the minimum set point SoC, and is configured to provide power to the load from the second battery module based on determining that the first SoC has reached the minimum set point SoC.

3. The method according to claim 1, in, The portion of the total available heating power provided to the first battery module is dynamically changed based on monitored changes in the first SoC.

4. The method according to claim 1, in, The first battery module has a first chemistry and the second battery module has a second chemistry different from the first chemistry. The method of claim 4 , wherein the first chemical component has a greater energy density than the second chemical component. 6 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising deactivating the heating system based on determining that the temperature of the first battery module has reached a maximum threshold.

7. The method according to claim 1, in, The maximum current load of the first battery module is determined based on a first chemistry of the first battery module and a configuration of the first battery module.

8. The method according to claim 1, in, The first battery module is connected in parallel to the second battery module through a direct current (DC) / DC converter.

9. A vehicle, include: a mixed chemistry battery having a first battery module and a second battery module; Temperature sensor; a battery heating system configured to selectively heat one or more of the first battery module and the second battery module; and A controller configured to: monitoring the temperature of the first battery module via the temperature sensor; activating the heating system based on determining that the temperature of the first battery module is below a minimum threshold; monitoring a first state of charge (SoC) of the first battery module; monitoring a second SoC of the second battery module; calculating a minimum set point temperature of the first battery module based on the first SoC, the second SoC, and a maximum current load of the first battery module; as well as instructing the battery heating system to provide a portion of the total available heating power of the battery heating system to the first battery module and to provide a remaining portion of the total available heating power of the heating system to the second battery module, Wherein the portion is determined based at least in part on a difference between the temperature of the first battery module and the minimum set point temperature of the first battery module.

10. The vehicle according to claim 9, in, The portion of the total available heating power provided to the first battery module is dynamically varied based on monitored changes in the first SoC.

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