Formwork-free integrated rapid construction method for gutter parapet wall
By using joists and steel plate support systems in the construction of gutters and daughter walls of high-tech factories, one-time concrete pouring is achieved, solving the problems of complexity of traditional construction and slurry leakage of molds, improving construction efficiency and forming quality, and reducing the Cost and maintenance requirements.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411293757.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-14
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-10
AI Technical Summary
During the construction of the gutter and daughter wall of high-tech factory buildings, the construction process needs to be set up separately or cantilevered support frames, resulting in complex construction processes, long construction periods, and difficult problems, and easy to cause mold expansion and leakage, which affects the forming effect and Maintenance cost.
The joists are used to connect the roof structure of the building, the gutter secondary beam and the daughter wall secondary beam are arranged, galvanized steel plates are laid, steel bar binding and single-sided hanging molds are carried out, concrete is realized one-time pouring, avoiding traditional supporting molds and dismantling molds. Anti-shes and nails fix the steel plate to form an overall support system.
It reduces construction time and cost, ensures construction quality and efficiency, avoids the problem of slurry leakage of mold expansion, improves the molding effect, shortens the construction cycle, and reduces the later maintenance needs.
Smart Images
Figure CN119102338A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of building construction, and in particular to a formwork-free integrated rapid construction method for a gutter parapet. Background Art
[0002] Entering the 20th century, my country has experienced multiple industrial technology iterations, from the semiconductor industry to the panel industry, and then to the new energy industry, all of which have experienced a period of growth. Correspondingly, the demand for high-tech factories has become increasingly high, and new requirements have been put forward for the construction of factory projects. High-tech factories have a large construction area and a tight construction period, which puts higher requirements on the process optimization of factory projects.
[0003] High-tech factories have large single-unit building areas, and the roof drainage method generally adopts the method of draining water outside, so it is necessary to set up gutters and parapets beside the factory. Since gutters and parapets are outward-extending concrete structures, it is necessary to set up a separate ground support frame during the construction process, or to cantilever the support frame from the top floor, and there is a conflict between the support frame and the external scaffolding, which makes the construction process complicated, the construction period long, and the construction difficulty high. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to overcome the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a formwork-free integrated rapid construction method for a gutter parapet.
[0005] A formwork-free integrated rapid construction method for gutter parapet walls comprises the following steps: Step 1) Install the gutter bottom formwork support system, connect the joists to the building roof structure, and fix the gutter secondary beams between the joists; Step 2) Install the outer formwork support of the parapet formwork, fix the columns on the joists, and fix the parapet secondary beams between the columns; Step 3) Lay steel plates on the secondary beam support of the gutter to install the gutter bottom formwork, lay steel plates on the secondary beam support plane of the column parapet to install the parapet outer formwork, and arrange shear bolts on the steel plates; Step 4) Tie the steel bars of the parapet and the gutter, use a single-side hanging formwork for the inner wall of the parapet, and then perform the mold closing construction; Step 5) Pour concrete for the parapet and gutter, and after the concrete pouring is completed, perform maintenance. When the concrete solidifies, the integrated construction of the gutter and parapet is completed without formwork support.
[0006] Furthermore, in step 1), the roof structure of the building is a concrete structure roof, and pre-embedded connectors are used when pouring the roof concrete structure. The pre-embedded connectors are welded to the connecting plates, and the first connecting plates are fixedly connected to the joists by high-strength bolts.
[0007] Furthermore, in step 1), the roof structure of the building is a steel truss roof, and the joists are fixedly connected to the roof trusses by bolt welding.
[0008] Furthermore, the joist and the gutter secondary beam are both H-shaped steels, the joist and the gutter secondary beam are fixedly connected via a second connecting plate, the second connecting plate is fixedly connected to the joist by welding, and the second connecting plate is fixedly connected to the gutter secondary beam via bolts.
[0009] Furthermore, in step 2), according to the distance between the columns of the building, the columns are welded on the joists at even intervals, and the verticality of the columns is re-measured before welding to ensure that the parapet columns are on the same plane after welding, and the parapet secondary beams are welded and fixed evenly between the columns.
[0010] Furthermore, the columns are H-shaped steel components, and the parapet secondary beams are angle steels.
[0011] Furthermore, in step 3), the steel plate is a galvanized steel plate, and the shear studs are welded and fixed on the galvanized steel plate. Before welding, the wires are laid out to determine the exact positions of the shear studs, and the water, rust, non-weldable coatings, oil stains, and cement ash on the surfaces of the shear studs are cleaned to expose the metallic luster. The shear studs should have a uniform appearance without harmful wrinkles, burrs, cracks, or twisting defects.
[0012] Furthermore, in step 4), all the steel bars in the parapet and the gutter are processed on-site. The steel bar processing includes straightening, rust removal, cutting and bending. The operator performs construction layout according to the construction drawings and specifications. The lap length of the tensile steel bars of the steel bars and the roof steel bars shall not be less than 300 mm. The single-sided hanging formwork is a wooden formwork.
[0013] Further, step 5), the parapet and gutter concrete is poured. The virtual thickness of the gutter concrete is greater than the slab thickness. After the vibration is completed, it is scraped flat with a wooden scraper, and the composite top slab concrete elevation is drawn. After the initial setting, it is flattened and compacted with a wooden trowel. The construction joints or embedded parts and inserted bars are smoothed with a wooden trowel. The concrete is vibrated quickly and inserted slowly. The insertion points are evenly arranged, moved point by point, and carried out in sequence. No points should be missed to ensure that the vibration is dense. The moving spacing should not be greater than 450mm. When vibrating the upper layer, the lower layer should be inserted 5cm to eliminate the joints between the two layers. Under natural conditions where the average temperature is higher than +5℃, the concrete surface is covered with plastic film and watered for maintenance. The maintenance is carried out within 12 hours after the concrete pouring is completed, and the maintenance days are at least 7 days.
[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The present invention uses cantilevered H-shaped steel support beams as supports, and the support beams are connected to H-shaped steel secondary beams of the gutter. Galvanized steel plates are laid on the gutter steel secondary beams to establish a concrete gutter support system instead of the traditional frame support method, thereby reducing construction time, material costs, and labor costs.
[0015] (2) The present invention sets H-shaped steel columns on the extended support beams, welds the parapet angle iron secondary beams between the columns, and seals and lays decorative galvanized steel plates as templates to form a concrete parapet support system. This avoids the outer formwork and demolding of the parapet, saves construction costs, and plays a role in decorating the facade, avoiding the occurrence of mold expansion and leakage, as well as the poor concrete molding effect after demolding, which requires later repairs and causes additional maintenance costs.
[0016] (3) The supporting member of the present invention is a steel member with good bearing capacity. The gutter and parapet can be cast together, avoiding secondary casting due to concerns about mold expansion, which can shorten the construction period and effectively ensure construction quality and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the integrated structure of the gutter parapet of the present invention.
[0018] Explanation of symbols in the accompanying drawings: 1. Parapet, 2. Gutter, 3. Column, 4. Parapet secondary beam, 5. Support beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
[0020] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.
[0021] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0022] In the description of this patent, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the term "connection" or the like appears to indicate the connection relationship between components, the term should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0023] A formwork-free integrated rapid construction method for gutter parapet walls comprises the following steps: Step 1) Install the gutter bottom formwork support system, connect the joists to the building roof structure, and fix the gutter secondary beams between the joists; Step 2) Install the outer formwork support of the parapet formwork, fix the columns on the joists, and fix the parapet secondary beams between the columns; Step 3) Lay steel plates on the secondary beam support of the gutter to install the gutter bottom formwork, lay steel plates on the secondary beam support plane of the column parapet to install the parapet outer formwork, and arrange shear bolts on the steel plates; Step 4) Tie the steel bars of the parapet and the gutter, use a single-side hanging formwork for the inner wall of the parapet, and then perform the mold closing construction; Step 5) Pour concrete for the parapet and gutter, and after the concrete pouring is completed, perform maintenance. When the concrete solidifies, the integrated construction of the gutter and parapet is completed without formwork support.
[0024] Compared with the traditional gutter parapet construction, it is necessary to set up a ground-based support formwork system, or to cantilever the support system from the top floor. The present invention adopts a support beam to connect with the roof structure, and arranges the gutter secondary beam between the support beams to form a support system for concrete pouring. Columns are arranged on the support beams as the main keel for the parapet formwork support, and the parapet secondary beam is used as the secondary keel for the parapet formwork support. The steel plate is connected to the main and secondary keels of the gutter and parapet by electric welding. On the whole, the bottom formwork of the gutter and parapet is formed into a whole, which ensures the one-time pouring of concrete and solves the problems of expansion of the formwork and leakage of slurry at the junction. It has the advantages of no need to support the formwork, no need to remove the formwork, integrated pouring, good molding effect, and short construction period.
[0025] Example 1 The roof structure of the building is a concrete structure roof In step 1), the roof structure of the building is a concrete structure roof. When pouring the roof concrete structure, the pre-embedded connector is welded to the first connecting plate, and the first connecting plate is fixedly connected to the joist by high-strength bolts. The joist and the gutter secondary beam are both H-shaped steel. The joist and the gutter secondary beam are fixedly connected by the second connecting plate, the second connecting plate is welded and fixed to the joist, and the second connecting plate is fixedly connected to the gutter secondary beam by bolts. When pouring the top concrete structure, the pre-embedded connector is pre-embedded. During the pre-embedding process, the measurement work must be done to ensure the accurate position of the pre-embedded connector. The first connector is connected to the pre-embedded connector by a perforated plug welding structure. The size of the pre-embedded connector needs to be comprehensively calculated based on the gutter, parapet, and rainfall. In this embodiment, the embedded connector of the project is a steel plate with a size of 210x256mm and a thickness of 24mm; the diameter of the perforated plug-welded steel bar is 20mm, the length of the steel bar is 350mm, and the end of the steel bar has a 2.5d bend. There are a total of 8 steel bars for perforated plug welding, with a horizontal spacing of 70mm and a vertical spacing of 96mm.
[0026] The first connecting plate is welded on the embedded connecting part. The thickness of the first connecting plate is 16mm and the size is 95x160mm. Two 21mm bolt holes are opened on the first connecting plate. The first connecting plate is connected to the supporting beam with two 10.9 grade M20 high-strength bolts, and the bolt spacing is 70mm.
[0027] The joist is defined as the main keel of the extended support system, and the secondary beam between the joists is defined as the secondary keel. The main and secondary keel steel components need to be prefabricated in advance. The main and secondary keels are H-shaped steel components with dimensions of HM194x150x6x9. The main and secondary keels are connected by a second connecting plate, which is welded on the main keel, with dimensions of 160x90mm and a thickness of 8mm.
[0028] In step 2), according to the column spacing of the building, the columns are welded evenly on the joist. Before welding, the verticality of the columns is re-measured to ensure that the parapet columns are on the same plane after welding, and the parapet secondary beams are welded evenly between the columns. The columns are H-shaped steel components, and the parapet secondary beams are angle steels. After the joist is installed, the columns are welded on the joist. The columns are made of H-shaped steel with specifications of HW150x150x7x10, and the welding is carried out using four-sided fillet welds. The column spacing is arranged according to the column spacing, with a column spacing of 9600mm, and 3 columns are arranged in the middle with a spacing of 2400mm. Before welding, the verticality of the columns is re-measured to ensure that the parapet columns are on the same plane after welding. The parapet secondary keel is installed with angle steel, the size of the angle steel is L50x5, and the vertical spacing is 500mm.
[0029] In step 3), the steel plate is a galvanized steel plate, and the shear studs are welded and fixed on the galvanized steel plate. Before welding, the wire is laid out to determine the exact position of the shear studs, and the water, rust, non-weldable coating, oil stains, and cement ash on the surface of the shear studs are cleaned to expose the metallic luster. The shear studs should have a uniform appearance without harmful wrinkles, burrs, cracks, or twisting defects. After the installation of the joists and gutter secondary beams, columns, and parapet secondary beams in the gutter and parapet, galvanized steel plates are used for template installation, including the gutter bottom formwork composed of the joists and gutter secondary beams, and the parapet concrete outer formwork composed of the columns and parapet secondary beams. Galvanized steel plates are used as permanent templates, and the zinc content must be guaranteed to prevent rust. In order to ensure that the concrete gutter, parapet, and gutter parapet support system steel components can work effectively together, shear studs must be arranged on the galvanized steel plates. Shear studs must meet the specifications and design requirements. Before welding, lay out the wires, determine the exact position of the shear studs, and clean the surface of water, rust, non-weldable coatings, oil stains, cement ash, etc. to reveal the metallic luster. The studs should have a uniform appearance without harmful wrinkles, burrs, cracks, twists, etc.
[0030] In step 4), all the steel bars in the parapet and gutter are processed on site. The steel bar processing includes straightening, rust removal, cutting and bending. The reinforcement personnel carry out construction layout according to the construction drawings and specifications. The lap length of the tensile steel bars of the steel bars and the roof steel bars shall not be less than 300mm. The single-sided hanging formwork is a wooden formwork. The inner wall of the parapet is constructed with a single-sided hanging formwork. After the gutter steel bars and parapet steel bars are tied, horizontal steel bars are welded on the parapet as tension steel bars, and then the mold closing construction is carried out.
[0031] Step 5), pouring of parapet and gutter concrete, virtual thickness of gutter concrete is greater than the slab thickness, after vibrating, use wooden scraper to scrape flat, draw wire to composite top slab concrete elevation, flatten and compact with wooden trowel after initial setting, smooth with wooden trowel at construction joints or places with embedded parts and inserted bars, vibrate concrete quickly and insert slowly, insert points evenly, move point by point, proceed in sequence, no omissions, and make vibration dense. The maximum moving spacing should not be greater than 450mm, and when vibrating the upper layer, insert 5cm into the lower layer to eliminate the joints between the two layers. Under natural conditions with an average temperature above +5℃, use plastic film to cover the concrete surface and water it for maintenance. Maintenance should be carried out within 12 hours after concrete pouring, and the maintenance days should be at least 7 days.
[0032] Under natural conditions where the average temperature is above +5°C, the concrete surface is covered with plastic film and watered for maintenance, so that the concrete can maintain the appropriate temperature and humidity conditions required for hydration for a certain period of time.
[0033] Covering and watering shall be carried out within 12 hours after the concrete is poured. The watering and curing time of concrete shall not be less than 7 days. The number of watering shall be determined based on the ability to keep the concrete moist. The water used for pouring concrete is the same as the water used for mixing. Watering shall not be allowed when the average temperature of the day is below 5℃.
[0034] Example 2 The same steps as those in Example 1 are not listed in this Example 2, and only the different parts are listed.
[0035] The roof structure of the building is a steel truss roof In step 1), the joists are fixedly connected to the roof trusses by bolt welding.
[0036] It should be noted that the above specific implementations are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, equivalent substitutions, changes, etc. can be made to the present invention. However, as long as these changes do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, they should be within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, some terms used in the specification and claims of this application are not restrictive, but are only for the convenience of description.
Claims
1. A formwork-free integrated rapid construction method for gutter parapet walls, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1) Install the gutter bottom formwork support system, connect the joists to the building roof structure, and fix the gutter secondary beams between the joists; Step 2) Install the outer formwork support of the parapet formwork, fix the columns on the joists, and fix the parapet secondary beams between the columns; Step 3) Lay steel plates on the secondary beam support of the gutter to install the gutter bottom formwork, lay steel plates on the secondary beam support plane of the column parapet to install the parapet outer formwork, and arrange shear bolts on the steel plates; Step 4) Tie the steel bars of the parapet and the gutter, use a single-side hanging formwork for the inner wall of the parapet, and then perform the mold closing construction; Step 5) Pour concrete for the parapet and gutter, and after the concrete pouring is completed, perform maintenance. When the concrete solidifies, the integrated construction of the gutter and parapet is completed without formwork support.
2. The formwork-free integrated rapid construction method for gutter parapet according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 1), the roof structure of the building is a concrete structure roof, and a connecting piece is embedded when the roof concrete structure is cast. The embedded connecting piece is welded to the first connecting plate, and the first connecting plate is fixedly connected to the joist by high-strength bolts.
3. The formwork-free integrated rapid construction method for gutter parapet according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 1), the roof structure of the building is a steel truss roof, and the joists are fixedly connected to the roof trusses by bolt welding.
4. The formwork-free integrated rapid construction method for gutter parapet according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that: The joist and the gutter secondary beam are both H-shaped steels. The joist and the gutter secondary beam are fixedly connected via a second connecting plate. The second connecting plate is fixedly connected to the joist by welding. The second connecting plate is fixedly connected to the gutter secondary beam via bolts.
5. The formwork-free integrated rapid construction method for gutter parapet according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step 2), according to the distance between the columns of the building, the columns are welded on the joists at even intervals. The verticality of the columns is re-measured before welding to ensure that the parapet columns are on the same plane after welding, and the parapet secondary beams are welded and fixed evenly between the columns.
6. The formwork-free integrated rapid construction method for gutter parapet according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The columns are H-shaped steel components, and the parapet secondary beams are angle steels.
7. The formwork-free integrated rapid construction method for gutter parapet according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step 3), the steel plate is a galvanized steel plate, and the shear studs are welded and fixed on the galvanized steel plate. Before welding, the wires are laid out to determine the exact position of the shear studs, and the water, rust, non-weldable coating, oil stains, and cement ash on the surface of the shear studs are cleaned to expose the metallic luster. The shape of the shear studs should be uniform without harmful wrinkles, burrs, cracks, and twisting defects.
8. The formwork-free integrated rapid construction method for gutter parapet according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In step 4), all the steel bars in the parapet and the gutter are processed on-site. The steel bar processing includes straightening, rust removal, cutting and bending. The reinforcement personnel carry out construction layout according to the construction drawings and specifications. The lap length of the tensile steel bars of the steel bars and the roof steel bars shall not be less than 300mm. The single-sided hanging formwork is a wooden formwork.
9. The formwork-free integrated rapid construction method for gutter parapet according to claim 8 is characterized in that: Step 5), pouring of parapet and gutter concrete, virtual thickness of gutter concrete is greater than slab thickness, after vibration, use wooden scraper to scrape it flat, draw line to composite top slab concrete elevation, after initial setting, use wooden trowel to flatten and compact, use wooden trowel to smooth construction joints or places with embedded parts and inserted bars, vibrate concrete quickly and pull out slowly, insert points evenly, move point by point, proceed in sequence, no omissions, make sure vibration is dense, the maximum moving spacing should not be greater than 450mm, when vibrating the upper layer, insert 5cm into the lower layer to eliminate the joints between the two layers, under natural conditions with an average temperature above +5℃, use plastic film to cover the concrete surface and water for maintenance, maintenance should be carried out within 12 hours after concrete pouring, and the maintenance days should be at least 7 days.