Agricultural irregular seed pelletizing equipment and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an agricultural irregular seed pelletizing device and a control method thereof, wherein the device comprises a rotating kettle, a spraying device, a powder supplying device and a seed throwing mechanism; the spraying device, the powder supplying device and the seed throwing mechanism can respectively spray water into the rotating kettle, supply pelletizing powder and throw seeds to be pelletized; the device also comprises a ball throwing mechanism; the ball throwing mechanism comprises a ball bin and a first metering mechanism connecting the ball bin and the rotating kettle; the seed throwing mechanism comprises a second metering mechanism; the first metering mechanism and the second metering mechanism are both connected to a control system, and the control system can control the ratio of the number of glass balls to the number of seeds thrown based on the first metering mechanism and the second metering mechanism. In the present invention, by arranging the ball throwing mechanism, when the seeds are pelletized, glass balls are thrown into the rotating kettle to assist the pelletization operation, which can prevent the seeds with coating layers from sticking to each other, and make the coating layer outside the seeds dense, so that the quality of the pelletized seeds is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seed pelletizing equipment, in particular to agricultural irregular seed pelletizing equipment and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Seed pelleting technology is a method of encapsulating small or irregular seeds to improve their shape and function. It involves mixing seeds with materials such as pesticides, fungicides, fertilizers, plant growth regulators, and mechanical processing to make uniform, smooth, large-grain seeds. This technology not only changes the appearance of seeds, but also expands the volume, promotes germination and plant growth, improves the resistance of seeds and resistance to harsh environments, and creates conditions for mechanized sowing. The outer shell of the pelleted seeds is equivalent to a small reservoir of water and fertilizer, which enhances disease resistance and promotes the strength of the root system. Seeds with water retaining agents can improve drought resistance under drought conditions, while increasing adhesives and rolling time improves the compressive strength of seeds and prevents early spring frost damage. In addition, pelleted seeds can slowly release pesticides, reduce insect pests, and increase the seedling rate by adding nutrients. This technology is of great significance in achieving pre-sowing plant protection, bringing fertilizer to the field, promoting crop growth, saving seeds, saving costs and increasing efficiency, and is a key means to achieve mechanized sowing of small and irregular seeds.

[0003] In the prior art, patent CN 106717301 A discloses a seed pelletizing coating machine under the action of a vibration force field, which includes a powder hopper, a seed hopper, a weighing system, a powder conveying pipe, a liquid medicine pipeline, a liquid medicine storage tank, a high-pressure pump, a high-pressure pump motor, a rotary stepping motor, a coating pot, a coating pot motor, a coated seed outlet, an exciter, a coating pot, a nozzle, a seed diverter plate and a controller. The liquid medicine storage tank is connected to the nozzle, the powder hopper and the seed hopper are located above the frame, and regulating valves are provided at the discharge ports of the powder hopper and the seed hopper. The discharge ports of the powder hopper and the seed hopper are connected to the weighing system. The control system can adjust the ratio of seeds to powder based on the weighing system so that the thickness of the coating layer on the outside of the seeds is appropriate.

[0004] The above patent still faces some challenges when processing special irregular microparticle seeds. The main problem is that in order to ensure the quality of pelletization, the equipment needs to accurately control the coating process of the pelletized material, which is particularly difficult for microparticle seeds because they are small in size and irregular in shape. They are prone to adhesion during the coating process and can often only run at low speeds, which can easily lead to low processing efficiency. Therefore, although pelletization technology has significant advantages in improving sowing efficiency and seed quality, when processing special seeds, how to improve the processing efficiency of the equipment and ensure the quality of pelletization is still a problem that needs to be solved in current research and practice. Summary of the invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an agricultural irregular seed pelletizing device and a control method thereof, which can improve the pelletizing quality of irregular seeds and ensure the pelletizing efficiency.

[0006] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the agricultural irregular seed pelletizing equipment of the present invention comprises a rotating kettle, a spraying device, a powder supplying device and a seed throwing mechanism; the spraying device, the powder supplying device and the seed throwing mechanism can respectively spray water into the rotating kettle, supply pelletizing powder and throw seeds to be pelletized;

[0007] It also includes a ball throwing mechanism; the ball throwing mechanism includes a ball bin, and also includes a first metering mechanism connecting the ball bin and the rotating kettle;

[0008] The seeding mechanism includes a second metering mechanism; the first metering mechanism and the second metering mechanism are both connected to a control system, and the control system can control the ratio of the number of glass balls and seeds released based on the first metering mechanism and the second metering mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the seeding mechanism further comprises a seed bucket, and the second metering mechanism is a weighing device, and the second metering mechanism can weigh the seed bucket and the seeds therein;

[0010] The seed bucket is connected to a seed output mechanism, which may be in the form of a spiral feeder or the like; the seed feeding mechanism also includes a sampling mechanism capable of sampling the seeds discharged by the seed output mechanism, and the sampling mechanism can move between two points, at one point, the sampling mechanism can inoculate from the seed outlet of the seed output mechanism, and at the other point, the sampling mechanism does not affect the seed output mechanism from outputting seeds into the rotating kettle.

[0011] Based on the above-mentioned seed feeding mechanism, for seeds with known single-grain weight, the control system can obtain the seeds discharged by the seed output mechanism based on the weight difference of the second metering mechanism before and after the seed output mechanism discharges the seeds, and then estimate the number of seeds based on the weight of the single seed.

[0012] For seeds with unknown single-grain weight, a sampling mechanism can first obtain a portion of the seed sample from the seed output mechanism, and the control system obtains the weight of the sample output by the seed output mechanism (that is, the weight data difference generated by the second metering mechanism before and after the seed output mechanism outputs the sample) and the number of seeds in the seed sample, and the single-grain weight can be calculated accordingly. The sampling mechanism includes a tray, and the number of seeds in the tray can be obtained by manually counting and entering it into the control system. Preferably, a vibration mechanism can also be set under the tray to shake the seeds on the tray into a single-layer arrangement, and then the image is obtained by a camera located above the tray, and the seeds are identified and statistically obtained by image processing technology.

[0013] Furthermore, the first metering mechanism includes a temporary container and a weighing device, and the weighing device can obtain the weight of the temporary container and the glass balls therein; a glass ball output mechanism is installed on the ball bin, and the glass ball output mechanism can transport the glass balls to the temporary container.

[0014] With the above structure, the weight of a single glass ball is known, and the control system can obtain the required number of glass balls according to the number of seeds, and can calculate the target number of glass balls. Then, based on the target number of glass balls and the target weight of the glass balls, the target weight of the glass balls can be calculated. The glass ball output mechanism transports the glass balls to the temporary container, and the weighing device weighs the glass balls in the temporary container in real time. When the difference rate between the weight of the glass balls in the temporary container and the target weight is within a preset range, the glass ball output mechanism stops outputting the glass balls, and finally the glass balls in the temporary container are dropped into the rotating kettle.

[0015] Furthermore, there are multiple ball bins, and different ball bins contain glass balls of different specifications. When in use, glass balls are selected as needed and put into the rotating kettle. The control system stores the weight of each glass ball of each specification. According to the above method, the target weight of glass balls of different specifications can be calculated when the target number of particles is the same, and the weights of glass balls of different specifications can be weighed and put in accordingly.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a drying hot air pipe, and the different drying hot air pipes can introduce hot air into the rotating kettle, and the introduced hot air can dry the pelletized seeds.

[0017] Based on the above control method of the agricultural irregular seed pelletizing equipment, the method includes the following steps S101-S105:

[0018] Step S101, throwing seeds to be pelletized into the rotating kettle through the seed throwing mechanism, and calculating the number of seeds thrown into the rotating kettle;

[0019] Step S102, spraying and supplying pelletized powder into the rotating kettle respectively through the spray device and the powder supply device, so that a seed coat is formed on the outer side of the seeds; in actual operation, the spray device and the powder supply device operate alternately, that is, the spray device first sprays to moisten the pelletized seeds, and the powder supply device then adds the pelletized powder, and when the pelletized powder is consumed, the spray device sprays again to moisten, and the powder supply device then adds the pelletized powder, so that the pelletized powder can be fully attached to the surface of the seeds;

[0020] Step S103, when a phenomenon of multiple seeds sticking to each other occurs, the specifications of the glass balls are determined according to the overall length of the seeds with seed coatings, and the glass balls are thrown into the rotating kettle through the ball throwing mechanism, and the ratio of the number of glass balls thrown in to the number of seeds is in the range of 1 / 3-1 / 2;

[0021] In this step, the glass balls collide with the seeds that stick to each other in the rotating kettle to separate the seeds from each other, and the glass balls have a smooth surface and will not adhere to the pelletizing powder. When the glass balls and seeds are mixed and rolled, the glass balls can shape the appearance of the seed coat, making the appearance of the seed coat spherical, and the glass balls can make the seed coat dense, thereby improving the quality of the pelletized seeds. When selecting seeds, you should choose glass balls with a diameter closest to the length of the seed coat, so as to ensure the uniformity of the mixing of the glass balls and seeds.

[0022] Step S104, when the seeds in the rotating kettle meet the pelletization requirements, stop spraying and adding pelletizing powder, and introduce hot air into the rotating kettle through the drying hot air pipe to dry the seed coat. When the surface bearing pressure of the seed coat reaches 3 Newtons, stop introducing hot air. Turning the seeds while introducing hot air can improve the drying efficiency.

[0023] In the process of initially forming seed coating on the seed surface in the above step S102, the rotating kettle operates at a relatively low speed. After adding the glass balls in step S103, the speed of the rotating kettle is increased for the first time so that the glass balls can fully impact and separate the stuck seeds. When the seed coating on the outside of the seed becomes spherical, the speed of the rotating kettle is increased again. In this way, the irregular features on the seed surface can be fully wrapped at a slower speed. Then, the speed is increased to rapidly increase the size of the seed coating, which is efficient and has good consistency in the pelletized seeds.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The agricultural irregular seed pelletizing equipment and control method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) By adding a ball throwing mechanism, when the seeds are pelletized, glass balls are thrown into the rotating kettle to assist the pelletization operation, which can prevent the seeds with coating layers from sticking to each other, make the coating layer outside the seeds dense, and make the pelletized seeds into more standard spheres, so that the quality of the pelletized seeds is high.

[0026] (2) The controller can make the ratio of the number of glass balls and seeds put into the rotating kettle appropriate through the first metering mechanism and the second metering mechanism, so that the glass balls can fully play their role. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is the front structural diagram of the agricultural irregular seed pelletizing equipment;

[0028] Figure 2 This is the reverse structural diagram of the agricultural irregular seed pelletizing equipment;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of agricultural irregular seed pelletizing equipment.

[0030] In the figure: 1-rotating kettle; 2-spraying device; 21-control valve; 22-water inlet pipe; 23-spray port; 3-powder supply device; 31-powder inlet pipe; 32-powder inlet control mechanism; 4-seeding mechanism; 41-second metering mechanism; 42-seed bucket; 43-seed output mechanism; 44-sampling mechanism; 441-tray; 5-ball throwing mechanism; 51-ball bin; 52-first metering mechanism; 521-temporary container; 522-weighing device; 53-glass ball output mechanism; 6-drying hot air pipe; 7-control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 3 The agricultural irregular seed pelletizing equipment shown in the figure comprises a rotating kettle 1, a spray device 2, a powder supply device 3, a seed throwing mechanism 4 and a ball throwing mechanism 5; the spray device 2, the powder supply device 3 and the seed throwing mechanism 4 can respectively spray water into the rotating kettle 1, supply pelletizing powder and throw seeds to be pelletized.

[0033] The spray device 2 includes a control valve 21, a water inlet pipe 22 and a spray port 23, and the control valve 21 is connected to a water source; the powder supply device 3 includes a powder inlet pipe 31, and the powder inlet pipe 31 is connected to a pilling powder bin (not shown in the figure), and a powder inlet control mechanism 32 is connected between the powder inlet pipe 31 and the pilling powder bin.

[0034] The ball throwing mechanism 5 includes a ball bin 51 and a first metering mechanism 52 connecting the ball bin 51 and the rotary kettle 1;

[0035] The seeding mechanism 4 includes a second metering mechanism 41 ; the first metering mechanism 52 and the second metering mechanism 41 are both connected to a control system 7 , and the control system 7 can control the ratio of the number of glass balls and seeds released based on the first metering mechanism 52 and the second metering mechanism 41 .

[0036] The agricultural irregular seed pelletizing equipment of the present invention introduces a ball throwing mechanism 5. When the seeds are pelletized, glass balls are thrown into the rotating kettle 1 to assist the pelletizing operation. This can prevent the seeds with coating layers from sticking to each other, make the coating layer outside the seeds dense, and make the pelletized seeds into more standard spheres. The quality of the pelletized seeds is high.

[0037] The controller can make the ratio of the number of glass balls and seeds put into the rotating kettle 1 appropriate through the first metering mechanism 52 and the second metering mechanism 41, so that the glass balls can fully play their role.

[0038] Preferably, the seeding mechanism 4 further includes a seed bucket 42, and the second metering mechanism 41 is a weighing device, and the second metering mechanism 41 can weigh the seed bucket 42 and the seeds therein;

[0039] The seed bucket 42 is connected to a seed output mechanism 43, which can be in the form of a spiral feeder or the like; the seed feeding mechanism 4 also includes a sampling mechanism 44 capable of sampling the seeds discharged from the seed output mechanism 43, and the sampling mechanism 44 can move between two points, at one point, the sampling mechanism 44 can inoculate from the seed outlet of the seed output mechanism 43, and at another point, the sampling mechanism 44 does not affect the seed output mechanism 43 from outputting seeds into the rotating kettle 1.

[0040] Based on the above-mentioned seed feeding mechanism 4, for seeds with known single-grain weight, the control system 7 can obtain the seeds discharged by the seed output mechanism 43 based on the weight difference of the second metering mechanism 41 before and after the seed output mechanism 43 discharges the seeds, and then estimate the number of seeds based on the weight of the single seed.

[0041] For seeds with unknown single-grain weight, a portion of the seed sample can be first obtained from the seed output mechanism 43 through the sampling mechanism 44, and the control system 7 obtains the weight of the sample output by the seed output mechanism 43 (that is, the weight data difference generated by the second metering mechanism 41 before and after the seed output mechanism 43 outputs the sample) and the number of seeds in the seed sample, and the single-grain weight can be calculated accordingly. The sampling mechanism 44 includes a tray 441, and the number of seeds in the tray 441 can be obtained by manually counting and entering it into the control system 7. Preferably, a vibration mechanism can also be set under the tray 441 to shake the seeds on the tray into a single-layer arrangement, and then the image is obtained by the camera located above the tray 441, and the seeds are identified and statistically obtained through image processing technology.

[0042] Preferably, the first metering mechanism 52 includes a temporary container 521 and a weighing device 522, and the weighing device 522 can obtain the weight of the temporary container 521 and the glass balls therein; the ball bin 51 is provided with a glass ball output mechanism 53, and the glass ball output mechanism 53 can deliver the glass balls to the temporary container 521. A release mechanism 523 is provided at the lower side of the temporary container 521, and the release mechanism 523 can block the lower side of the temporary container 521 to keep the glass balls in the temporary container 521, and can open the lower side of the temporary container 521 to release the glass balls into the rotating kettle 1.

[0043] With the above structure, the weight of a single glass ball is known, and the control system 7 can obtain the required number of glass balls according to the number of seeds, and can calculate the target number of glass balls. Then, based on the target number of glass balls and the target weight of the glass balls, the target weight of the glass balls can be calculated. The glass ball output mechanism 53 transports the glass balls to the temporary container 521, and the weighing device 522 weighs the glass balls in the temporary container 521 in real time. When the difference rate between the weight of the glass balls in the temporary container 521 and the target weight is within a preset range, the glass ball output mechanism 53 stops outputting the glass balls, and finally the glass balls in the temporary container 521 are dropped into the rotating kettle 1.

[0044] Preferably, there are multiple ball bins 51, and different ball bins 51 contain glass balls of different specifications. When in use, glass balls are selected as needed and put into the rotating kettle 1. The control system 7 stores the weight of each glass ball of each specification. According to the above method, the target weight of glass balls of different specifications can be calculated when the target number of particles is the same, and the weights are weighed and put accordingly. In the illustrated embodiment, multiple ball bins 51 are arranged in a circular array, and the glass ball output mechanism 53 has a ball taking mechanism 531 installed in the middle of all ball bins 51. The ball taking mechanism 531 can rotate relative to the ball bins 51 to take balls from different ball bins 51 and output them to the temporary container 521.

[0045] Preferably, it also includes a drying hot air pipe 6, and the different drying hot air pipe 6 can introduce hot air into the rotating kettle 1, and the introduced hot air can play a role in drying the pelletized seeds.

[0046] Based on the above control method of the agricultural irregular seed pelletizing equipment, the method includes the following steps S101-S105:

[0047] Step S101, seeds to be pelletized are put into the rotary kettle 1 through the seed-putting mechanism 4, and the number of seeds put into the rotary kettle 1 is calculated;

[0048] Step S102, spraying and supplying pelletized powder into the rotating kettle 1 through the spray device 2 and the powder supply device 3 respectively, so that a seed coat is formed on the outer side of the seeds; in actual operation, the spray device 2 and the powder supply device 3 operate alternately, that is, the spray device 2 first sprays to moisten the pelletized seeds, and the powder supply device 3 then adds the pelletized powder, and when the pelletized powder is consumed, the spray device 2 sprays again to moisten, and the powder supply device 3 then adds the pelletized powder, so that the pelletized powder can be fully attached to the surface of the seeds;

[0049] Step S103, when multiple seeds are stuck to each other, the specifications of the glass balls are determined according to the overall length of the seeds with seed coats, and the glass balls are thrown into the rotating kettle 1 through the ball throwing mechanism 5, and the ratio of the number of glass balls thrown in to the number of seeds is in the range of 1 / 3-1 / 2;

[0050] In this step, the glass balls collide with the seeds that stick to each other in the rotating kettle 1 to separate the seeds from each other, and the glass balls have a smooth surface and will not adhere to the pelletizing powder. When the glass balls and seeds are mixed and rolled, the glass balls can shape the appearance of the seed coat, making the appearance of the seed coat spherical, and the glass balls can make the seed coat dense, thereby improving the quality of the pelletized seeds. When selecting seeds, glass balls with a diameter closest to the length of the seed coat should be selected to ensure the uniformity of the mixing of the glass balls and seeds.

[0051] Step S104, when the seeds in the rotary kettle 1 meet the pelletization requirements, stop spraying and adding pelletizing powder, and introduce hot air into the rotary kettle 1 through the drying hot air pipe 6 to dry the seed coat. When the surface bearing pressure of the seed coat reaches 3 Newtons, stop introducing hot air. Turning the seeds while introducing hot air can improve the drying efficiency.

[0052] In the above step S102, during the process of preliminary formation of seed coating on the seed surface, the rotating kettle 1 operates at a relatively low speed. After the glass balls are added in step S103, the speed of the rotating kettle 1 is increased for the first time so that the glass balls can fully impact and separate the stuck seeds. When the seed coating on the outside of the seed becomes spherical, the speed of the rotating kettle 1 is increased again. In this way, the irregular features on the seed surface can be fully wrapped at a slower speed, and the speed is increased to rapidly increase the size of the seed coating, which is efficient and has good consistency in the pelletized seeds.

[0053] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An agricultural irregular seed pelletizing device, comprising a rotating kettle (1), a spraying device (2), a powder supplying device (3) and a seed throwing mechanism (4); the spraying device (2), the powder supplying device (3) and the seed throwing mechanism (4) are capable of spraying water, supplying pelletizing powder and throwing seeds to be pelletized into the rotating kettle (1) respectively; Features: It also includes a ball throwing mechanism (5); the ball throwing mechanism (5) includes a ball bin (51), and also includes a first metering mechanism (52) connecting the ball bin (51) and the rotary kettle (1); The seeding mechanism (4) comprises a second metering mechanism (41); the first metering mechanism (52) and the second metering mechanism (41) are both connected to a control system (7); the control system (7) is capable of controlling the ratio of the number of glass balls to the number of seeds put in based on the first metering mechanism (52) and the second metering mechanism (41); During operation, the rotating kettle (1) first rotates at a low speed to initially form seed coatings on the surface of the seeds; when a plurality of seeds adhere to each other, glass balls are added to the rotating kettle (1) and the rotation speed of the rotating kettle (1) is increased for the first time; when the seed coatings on the outer sides of the seeds become spherical, the rotation speed of the rotating kettle (1) is increased again.

2. The agricultural irregular seed pelletizing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed dropping mechanism (4) further comprises a seed bucket (42), and the second metering mechanism (41) is a weighing device, and the second metering mechanism (41) is capable of weighing the seed bucket (42) and the seeds therein; The seed bucket (42) is connected to a seed output mechanism (43); the seed feeding mechanism (4) further comprises a sampling mechanism (44) capable of sampling the seeds discharged by the seed output mechanism (43).

3. The agricultural irregular seed pelletizing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first metering mechanism (52) comprises a temporary container (521) and a weighing device (522), wherein the weighing device (522) is capable of obtaining the weight of the temporary container (521) and the glass balls therein; and a glass ball output mechanism (53) is installed on the ball bin (51), wherein the glass ball output mechanism (53) is capable of delivering the glass balls to the temporary container (521).

4. The agricultural irregular seed pelletizing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are a plurality of ball bins (51), and different ball bins (51) contain glass balls of different specifications.

5. The agricultural irregular seed pelletizing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a drying hot air pipe (6), and different drying hot air pipes (6) are capable of introducing hot air into the rotating kettle (1).

6. The control method of the agricultural irregular seed pelletizing equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps S101-S104: Step S101, seeds to be pelletized are put into the rotary kettle (1) through the seed-putting mechanism (4), and the number of seeds put into the rotary kettle (1) is calculated; Step S102, spraying and supplying pelletized powder into the rotating kettle (1) through the spraying device (2) and the powder supplying device (3), respectively, so that a seed coat is formed on the outer side of the seeds; Step S103, when a phenomenon of multiple seeds sticking to each other occurs, the specifications of the glass balls are determined according to the overall length of the seeds with seed coatings, and the glass balls are thrown into the rotating kettle (1) through the ball throwing mechanism (5), and the ratio of the number of glass balls thrown in to the number of seeds is in the range of 1 / 3-1 / 2; Step S104, when the seeds in the rotary kettle (1) meet the pelletization requirements, the spraying and the addition of the pelletizing powder are stopped, and hot air is introduced into the rotary kettle (1) through the drying hot air pipe (6) to dry the seed coating of the seeds.

Images