Kirschner wire bending forceps

Abstract

A pair of kirschner wire bending pliers comprises two handles which are oppositely opened and closed, and is characterized in that the heads of the two handles 1 and 2 are connected to a rotating shaft 3 in series through ratchet wheels, a clamping groove 11 for clamping a kirschner wire is formed in the side of the head of one handle 1, a forming core block 121 is arranged on one side of the clamping groove, a pressing head 4 is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft 3, and the rotating shaft 3 is driven to rotate through opening and closing of the two handles. And a pressing head 4 at the end part of the rotating shaft 3 bends the kirschner wire 100 in the clamping groove 11 around the forming core block 121. The ratchet wheels connected in series drive the rotating shaft to drive the pressing head 4 to bend the kirschner wire around the forming core block 121, the structure is simple, meanwhile, the rotating angle of the pressing head 4 is decomposed through transmission of the ratchet wheels, the rotating angle of the pressing head 4 is achieved through multiple times of opening and closing of the handles, and the opening and closing force of the two handles is very small; the force applied by pressing the handles is converted into the opening and closing force of the two handles, so that the attention of a doctor is not easily distracted, and the clamping force can be considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to orthopedic surgical instruments, in particular to a Kirschner wire bending pliers and a Kirschner wire bending composite pliers. Background Art

[0002] Kirschner wire is a commonly used internal fixation material in orthopedics. It is a slender cylindrical structure with a pointed tip. Its specifications are generally fixed at about 20 cm, and there are several different specifications with a diameter between 0.5-4.0 mm. It is used to fix fractures with low stress, such as short fractures or avulsion fractures, and is also often used to fix temporary fracture fragments in orthopedic surgery. Although Kirschner wire provides a lot of convenience for fracture reduction and fixation, there are also many complications, mainly including two aspects: the sharp protrusion at the tail end of the Kirschner wire irritates the surrounding soft tissue and the displacement of the Kirschner wire causes loosening.

[0003] To solve the above problems, Professor Kramer of the University of Washington introduced a surgical method. The tail end of the Kirschner wire was bent 180° through 7 steps. The researchers collected all displaced calcaneal fractures in 2008, a total of 56 cases (51 patients), of which 11 cases did not use Kirschner wire fixation, and 19 cases were followed up for less than one year. The remaining 25 cases (24 patients) fractures used a total of 86 Kirschner wires, all with bent tail ends. The average follow-up from surgery to the end was 2.26 years (12 to 46 months). X-rays showed that no Kirschner wire displacement occurred, and no Kirschner wire-related pain occurred. Ten patients needed to remove internal fixation due to steel plates and other reasons. These patients had a total of 40 Kirschner wires, all of which were successfully removed without any complications. By bending the tail end of the Kirschner wire 180 degrees, Kirschner wire displacement and soft tissue irritation caused by the protrusion of the tail end rarely occurred. Therefore, after applying this method, Kirschner wire fixation fractures rarely lose fixation, which can meet the requirements of early postoperative activities. The surgical method is as follows: This method is mainly suitable for situations where the Kirschner wire needs to be buried in the bone, such as tension bands and permanent fracture fixation. In addition, when this technology is used for temporary fixation of the Kirschner wire, it will be easier to remove. This technology can cleverly bend the Kirschner wire 180° through 7 steps. Usually, 0.045, 0.054, and 0.062-inch Kirschner wires are used. The key steps of the surgical operation are as follows: 1. The first step is to withdraw the Kirschner wire from the final depth by 5mm. This can prevent the Kirschner wire from going too deep and penetrating the contralateral cortex. Wait until the tail end of the Kirschner wire is bent before knocking it into the bone. Use a needle holder to clamp the Kirschner wire close to the bone surface, and then use a No. 7 stainless steel suction head to cover the entire Kirschner wire. The needle holder clamps the Kirschner wire, and the suction head is used to bend the Kirschner wire in a direction perpendicular to the needle holder so that the Kirschner wire is at a 90° angle. Slide the suction head and needle holder toward the tail of the K-wire, clamp the needle holder at a position 5mm away from the bend, and bend the K-wire in the opposite direction through the suction head, about 120°. The needle holder clamps the position where it was clamped for the first time, close to the bone surface. Insert the suction head to the second bend, use the second bend as a lever, and continue to increase the bend angle in the direction of the first bend, so that the first bend becomes 170°. It is worth noting that due to the obstruction of the bone, it is impossible to achieve a 170° bend directly through the first bend, so the second bend is essential. Clamp and cut the K-wire about 5mm away from the first bend. Use the needle holder to increase the bend of the K-wire to make it 180°. Knock the tail end of the bent K-wire into the bone. After the sharp tail end of the K-wire is embedded in the bone, the smooth hook part is flush with the bone surface.

[0004] This surgical method of bending the tail end of the Kirschner wire not only has many steps and takes a long time, but also reduces the strength of the tail end of the Kirschner wire due to mechanical fatigue due to repeated bending. In addition, the bending step is performed after most of the Kirschner wire is inserted into the bone. When ordinary needle-nosed pliers are used to bend the tail end of the Kirschner wire, there is a lack of necessary support, which puts a lot of pressure on the bone and easily causes the surrounding bone to crack. Moreover, it is generally applicable to Kirschner wires with a diameter of less than 1.5 mm, and has a small scope of application.

[0005] WO2014190945A1 discloses an orthopedic Kirschner wire bender of the applicant, wherein a forming core block (1) is fixed on a base (5), a limiting column (4) is provided on the base (5), the limiting column (4) and the forming core block (1) jointly position the Kirschner wire, and a shifting block (6) is rotatably connected to the base (5) via a connecting piece (31). The shifting block (6) rotating around the rotating shaft (3) shifts the Kirschner wire around the forming core block (1) to bend into a standard hook-shaped elbow, and the connecting piece (31) functions to reduce the opening and closing angle of the handle by transmitting the rotation angle of the shifting block through the connecting piece (31), so that the opening and closing force of the handle is very large, the connecting piece has to bear a large force, and the handle is also longer, making the Kirschner wire bender very bulky.

[0006] WO2022110701A1 discloses a Kirschner wire surgical forceps, comprising two cheek rotating parts that rotate relative to each other, each cheek rotating part extends a clamping head to one end, and the two clamping heads form an opening and closing jaw; each cheek rotating part extends a handle to the other end, and one of the two cheek rotating parts or one of the two clamping heads is set as an axial hole or a rotating shaft of the rotating pair. The surgical forceps have a simple structure and solve the problem of clamping and bending orthopedic Kirschner wires, but the bending force is entirely applied by pressing the handle. When the diameter of the Kirschner wire is greater than 2 mm, the bending force is large, distracting the doctor's attention, causing the doctor to be unable to take into account the clamping force, and inconvenient to use. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the technical problems of the existing WO2014190945A1 Kirschner wire bending pliers being bulky, and also to solve the technical problem that the WO2022110701A1 Kirschner wire surgical pliers has a large bending force, which distracts the doctor's attention and causes the doctor to be unable to take into account the clamping force, the present invention provides a Kirschner wire bending pliers, comprising two handles of the bending pliers that open and close relatively to each other, the heads of the two handles 1 and 2 are connected in series on a rotating shaft 3 through a ratchet, a clamping groove 11 for clamping the Kirschner wire is arranged on the side of the head of one of the handles 1, and a forming core block 121 is arranged on one side of the clamping groove, a pressing head 4 is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft 3, the opening and closing of the two handles drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, and the pressing head 4 at the end of the rotating shaft 3 bends the Kirschner wire 100 in the clamping groove 11 around the forming core block 121. The description of claim 1 of the present invention includes the content of the Kirschner wire 100, and only uses the Kirschner wire 100 as an attributive to explain the function of the clamping groove 11. A Kirschner wire bending pliers product in claim 1 only has the clamping groove 11, and there is no Kirschner wire 100 in the clamping groove 11.

[0008] In the Kirschner wire bending pliers, the ratchet is a one-way ratchet.

[0009] The Kirschner wire bending pliers described herein have two handle heads connected in series on a rotating shaft via a ratchet, and the two handles that open and close relatively to each other are both annular heads, and the annular holes 15 of the two annular heads pass through the same rotating shaft 3, and there are unidirectional ratchet structures between the two annular holes 15 and the rotating shaft 3.

[0010] The one-way ratchet structure is two grooves 16 connected to the two annular holes 15 respectively, and the groove 16 is a structure with one end shallow and the other end deep. The outer surface of the rotating shaft 3 corresponding to the groove 16 is provided with a rotating shaft locking tooth 33, and the movable block 34 is placed in the groove 16. The surface of the movable block 34 in contact with the rotating shaft 3 is provided with a movable block locking tooth 38 cooperating with the rotating shaft locking tooth 33. An elastic member 35 is arranged between the movable block 34 and the deep end of the groove 16, so that when the rotating shaft 3 rotates from the movable block 34 to the elastic member 35, the movable block 34 overcomes the elastic force and moves from the shallow end to the deep end in the circumferential direction, and the movable block 34 can also move radially, so that the movable block locking tooth 38 of the movable block 34 is disengaged from the rotating shaft locking tooth 33, and the rotating shaft 3 can rotate. Otherwise, the movable block 34 locks the rotating shaft 3, so that the rotating shaft 3 realizes unidirectional rotation; the opening and closing of the two handles causes the movable block 34 to alternately drive the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, so that the rotating shaft 3 rotates. The two grooves 16 are connected to the two annular holes 15 respectively. The grooves 16 can also be blind holes 161. A movable block 341 is arranged in the blind hole. A spring 351 is arranged between the movable block 341 and the bottom of the blind hole 161. The unidirectional rotation of the rotating shaft 3 is achieved through the unidirectional sliding between the ratchet teeth.

[0011] The Kirschner wire bending pliers described above have a clamping groove for clamping the Kirschner wire on the side of one of the handle heads, and one side of the clamping groove is a forming core block, which means that a positioning hole 12 is set on the side of one of the handle heads, and a positioning block 122 matching the positioning hole 12 is at the bottom of the clamping groove 11.

[0012] The Kirschner wire bending pliers described above, the clamping groove for clamping the Kirschner wire, is a Kirschner wire clamping pliers. When the clamping pliers 111 clamp the Kirschner wire 100, its head 112 is inserted into and matched with the positioning hole 12, so that the rotation of the rotating shaft 3 causes the pressure head at its end to bend the Kirschner wire around the forming core block 121.

[0013] A Kirschner wire bending compound pliers includes a Kirschner wire bending pliers, wherein two handles of the bending pliers that open and close relative to each other drive the rotating shaft of the head to rotate, and a pressure head is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft; and a Kirschner wire clamping pliers, wherein a positioning hole 12 is arranged on the side of the head of the bending pliers; when the clamping pliers 111 clamps the Kirschner wire 100, its head 112 is inserted and matched with the positioning hole 12, so that the rotation of the rotating shaft 3 causes the pressure head 4 at its end to bend the Kirschner wire around the forming core block 121. The description of claim 7 of the present invention includes the content of the Kirschner wire 100, and only uses the Kirschner wire 100 as an attributive to describe the function of the head 112 of the clamping pliers 111 inserting and matching with the positioning hole 12 when the clamping pliers 111 clamps the Kirschner wire 100. The Kirschner wire bending compound pliers product of claim 7 only has the clamping pliers 111, and the head of the clamping pliers 111 does not clamp the Kirschner wire 100.

[0014] The Kirschner wire bending compound pliers described herein have two handles driving the rotating shaft of the head to rotate, and the two handle heads are connected in series on the rotating shaft through a ratchet, that is, the two handles that open and close relatively to each other are both annular heads, and the same rotating shaft 3 passes through the annular holes 15 of the two annular heads, and there are unidirectional ratchet structures between the two annular holes 15 and the rotating shaft 3.

[0015] In the present invention, the ratchet drive shaft connected in series drives the pressure head 4 to bend the Kirschner wire around the forming core block 121. The ratchet wrench is a very mature technology with a relatively simple structure, which makes the overall structure simple. At the same time, the ratchet of the present invention is based on the principle of a lever. The rotation angle of the pressure head 4 is decomposed by transmitting it through the ratchet, so that the rotation angle of the pressure head 4 is achieved by multiple opening and closing of the handles, so that the opening and closing force of the two handles is very small; the force applied by pressing the handles is converted into the opening and closing force of the two handles, which is not easy to distract the doctor's attention and can take into account the clamping force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the head of the Kirschner wire bending forceps at one angle; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the head of the Kirschner wire bending forceps at another angle; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the head of the Kirschner wire bending forceps at one angle; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the head of the Kirschner wire bending forceps at another angle; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the head of the Kirschner wire bending compound forceps at one angle; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the head of the Kirschner wire bending compound forceps at another angle.

[0018] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the front positioning hole Kirschner wire bending compound forceps head at an angle; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the front positioning hole Kirschner wire bending compound forceps head at another angle A; Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the front positioning hole Kirschner wire bending compound forceps head at another angle B; Fig.10 An exploded schematic diagram of the structure in which the head 112 of the clamp 11 is locked with the positioning hole 12; Fig.11 Schematic diagram of another ratchet structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] like Figure 1-2 A Kirschner wire bending pliers comprises two handles of the bending pliers that open and close relative to each other, wherein the two handles are a first handle 1 and a second handle 2 whose heads are connected in series on a rotating shaft 3 through a ratchet, wherein a clamping groove 11 for clamping the Kirschner wire is arranged on the side of the head of the first handle 1, and a forming core block 121 is arranged on one side of the clamping groove 11, and a pressure head 4 is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft 3. The opening and closing of the two handles drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, and the pressure head 4 at the end of the rotating shaft 3 bends the Kirschner wire 100 in the clamping groove 11 around the forming core block 121.

[0021] In the Kirschner wire bending pliers, the ratchet is a one-way ratchet. A spreading spring can be arranged between the two handles, and after the two handles are tightly grasped, the spreading spring spreads the two handles apart and resets them.

[0022] The Kirschner wire bending pliers described herein have two handle heads connected in series on a rotating shaft 3 via a ratchet, wherein the first handle 1 and the second handle 2 that open and close relatively are both annular heads, and the annular holes 15 of the two annular heads pass through the same rotating shaft 3, and the two annular holes 15 and the rotating shaft 3 are respectively matched with a one-way ratchet structure.

[0023] like Figure 1-4, the described Kirschner wire bending pliers, the one-way ratchet structure is, two grooves 16 respectively connected to the two annular holes 15, the groove 16 is a structure with one end shallow and the other end deep, the outer surface corresponding to the rotating shaft 3 and the groove 16 is provided with a rotating shaft locking tooth 33, the movable block 34 is placed in the groove 16, the surface of the movable block 34 in contact with the rotating shaft 3 is provided with a movable block locking tooth 38 cooperating with the rotating shaft locking tooth 33, and an elastic member 35 is arranged between the movable block 34 and the deep end of the groove 16, so that when the rotating shaft 3 rotates from the movable block 34 to the elastic member 35, the movable block 34 overcomes the elastic force and moves from the shallow end to the deep end in the circumferential direction, and the movable block 34 can also move radially, and the radial movement causes the movable block locking tooth 38 of the movable block 34 to disengage from the rotating shaft locking tooth 33, and the rotating shaft 3 can rotate, otherwise the movable block 34 locks the rotating shaft 3, so that the rotating shaft 3 realizes unidirectional rotation; the opening and closing of the two handles causes the movable block 34 to alternately drive the rotating shaft 3 to rotate unidirectionally, so that the rotating shaft 3 rotates continuously. The two grooves 16 are connected to the two annular holes 15 respectively, and the grooves 16 can also be Fig.11 A blind hole 161 is provided in which a movable block 341 is disposed. A spring 351 is disposed between the movable block 341 and the bottom of the blind hole 161. The one-way rotation of the rotating shaft 3 is achieved through the one-way sliding between the ratchet teeth.

[0024] The Kirschner wire bending pliers described above, wherein a clamping groove for clamping the Kirschner wire is arranged on the side of one of the handle heads, and one side of the clamping groove is a forming core block, means that a positioning hole 12 is arranged on the side of one of the handle heads, and a positioning block 122 is arranged at the bottom of the clamping groove 11 to match the positioning hole 12. In this way, different clamping grooves 11 can be replaced to suit Kirschner wires of different diameters.

[0025] The Kirschner wire bending pliers described above, the clamping groove for clamping the Kirschner wire, is a Kirschner wire clamping pliers. When the clamping pliers 111 clamp the Kirschner wire 100, its head 112 is inserted into and matched with the positioning hole 12, so that the rotation of the rotating shaft 3 causes the pressure head at its end to bend the Kirschner wire around the forming core block 121.

[0026] like Figure 1-9 A Kirschner wire bending composite pliers, including a Kirschner wire bending pliers, wherein two handles of the bending pliers open and close relative to each other to drive the rotation axis of the head, and a pressure head 4 is arranged at the end of the rotation axis 3; including a Kirschner wire clamping pliers, wherein a positioning hole 12 is arranged on the side of the head of the bending pliers; when the clamping pliers 111 clamps the Kirschner wire 100, its head 112 is inserted into and matched with the positioning hole 12, so that the rotation of the rotation axis 3 causes the pressure head 4 at its end to bend the Kirschner wire around a forming core block 121 of the clamping pliers head on one side. Fig.11A pin hole 502 can be set above the positioning hole 12, and a matching pin hole 503 is set on the head 112 of the clamping forceps 11. When the head 112 of the clamping forceps 11 is inserted into the positioning hole 12, the pin hole 502 and the matching pin hole 503 are coaxial, and the plug 501 is inserted into the pin hole 502 and the matching pin hole 503 to lock the head 112 and the positioning hole 12. When the forming core block 121 of the head 112 is conical, the bending force generates a force for the head 112 to escape from the positioning hole 12. In this way, no matter how large the bending force is, the head 112 will not escape from the positioning hole 12.

[0027] The Kirschner wire bending compound pliers described herein have two handles driving the rotating shaft of the head to rotate, and the two handle heads are connected in series on the rotating shaft through a ratchet, that is, the two handles that open and close relatively to each other are both annular heads, and the same rotating shaft 3 passes through the annular holes 15 of the two annular heads, and there are unidirectional ratchet structures between the two annular holes 15 and the rotating shaft 3.

Claims

1. A Kirschner wire bending pliers, comprising two handles of the bending pliers that open and close relative to each other, characterized in that: The heads of the two handles (1) and (2) are connected in series on the rotating shaft (3) via a ratchet; a clamping groove (11) for clamping a Kirschner wire is arranged on the side of the head of one of the handles (1); one side of the clamping groove is a forming core block (121); a pressure head (4) is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft (3); the opening and closing of the two handles drives the rotating shaft (3) to rotate; and the pressure head (4) at the end of the rotating shaft (3) is used to bend the Kirschner wire (100) in the clamping groove (11) around the forming core block (121).

2. A Kirschner wire bending pliers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratchet is a one-way ratchet, and a spreading spring is arranged between the two handles, so that when the two handles are tightly gripped, the two handles are spread apart by the spreading spring.

3. A Kirschner wire bending forceps according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two handle heads are connected in series on the rotating shaft via ratchets, and the two handles that open and close relative to each other are both annular heads, the annular holes (15) of the two annular heads pass through the same rotating shaft (3), and a one-way ratchet structure is provided between the two annular holes (15) and the rotating shaft (3).

4. A Kirschner wire bending forceps according to claim 3, characterized in that: The one-way ratchet structure comprises two grooves (16) respectively connected to the two annular holes (15), the grooves (16) being a structure with one end being shallow and the other end being deep, a rotating shaft locking tooth (33) being arranged on the outer surface of the rotating shaft (3) corresponding to the groove (16), a movable block (34) being arranged in the groove (16), a movable block locking tooth (38) cooperating with the rotating shaft locking tooth (33) being arranged on the surface of the movable block (34) contacting the rotating shaft (3), an elastic member (35) being arranged between the movable block (34) and the deep end of the groove (16), so that the rotating shaft (3) is moved from the movable block (34) to the elastic member (35). When rotating, the movable block (34) overcomes the elastic force and moves from the shallow end to the deep end along the circumferential direction, and the movable block (34) can also move radially, so that the movable block locking teeth (38) of the movable block (34) are disengaged from the rotating shaft locking teeth (33), and the rotating shaft (3) can rotate. Otherwise, the movable block (34) locks the rotating shaft (3), so that the rotating shaft (3) can achieve unidirectional rotation; the opening and closing of the two handles causes the movable block (34) to alternately drive the rotating shaft (3) to rotate, so that the rotating shaft (3) rotates.

5. A Kirschner wire bending forceps according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clamping groove for clamping a Kirschner wire is arranged on the side of one of the handle heads, and one side of the clamping groove is a forming core block, that is, a positioning hole (12) is arranged on the side of one of the handle heads, and a positioning block (122) matching the positioning hole (12) is disposed at the bottom of the clamping groove (11).

6. A Kirschner wire bending forceps according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping groove for clamping the Kirschner wire is a Kirschner wire clamping forceps. When the clamping forceps (111) clamp the Kirschner wire (100), the head (112) thereof is inserted and matched with the positioning hole (12), so that the rotation of the rotating shaft (3) causes the pressure head at its end to bend the Kirschner wire around the forming core block (121).

7. A Kirschner wire bending composite pliers, comprising a Kirschner wire bending pliers, wherein two handles of the bending pliers are relatively opened and closed to drive the rotating shaft of the head to rotate, and a pressure head is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft; comprising a Kirschner wire clamping pliers, characterized in that: A positioning hole (12) is provided on the side of the head of the bending pliers; when the clamping pliers (111) clamps the Kirschner wire (100), the head (112) thereof is inserted into and matched with the positioning hole (12), so that the rotation of the rotating shaft (3) causes the pressure head (4) at its end to bend the Kirschner wire around the forming core block (121).

8. A Kirschner wire bending composite pliers according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two handles drive the rotating shaft of the heads to rotate, and the two handle heads are connected in series on the rotating shaft via a ratchet, that is, the two handles that open and close relatively are both annular heads, the annular holes (15) of the two annular heads pass through the same rotating shaft (3), and there are unidirectional ratchet structures between the two annular holes (15) and the rotating shaft (3).

9. A Kirschner wire bending composite pliers, comprising a Kirschner wire bending pliers, wherein two handles of the bending pliers are relatively opened and closed to drive the rotating shaft of the head to rotate, and a pressure head is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft; characterized in that: A positioning hole (12) is provided on the side of the head of the bending forceps; the positioning hole (12) is used to accommodate the head (112) of the medical clamping forceps (111) when clamping the Kirschner wire (100) so that the head (112) is inserted into and fits with the positioning hole (12), so that the rotation of the rotating shaft (3) causes the pressure head (4) at its end to bend the Kirschner wire around the forming core block (121).

10. A Kirschner wire bending composite pliers according to claim 9, characterized in that: The two handles drive the rotating shaft of the heads to rotate, and the two handle heads are connected in series on the rotating shaft via a ratchet, that is, the two handles that open and close relatively are both annular heads, the annular holes (15) of the two annular heads pass through the same rotating shaft (3), and there are unidirectional ratchet structures between the two annular holes (15) and the rotating shaft (3).

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