An extrusion device for composite materials

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of extruders, and specifically to an extrusion device for composite materials, including an extruder body, in which two spiral stirring shafts are arranged, a discharge shell connected to the spiral stirring shafts is arranged at the end of the body, a discharge cavity is arranged in the discharge shell, a plurality of discharge holes are arranged on the inner wall of the discharge shell, a through hole is opened on the discharge cavity, the through hole is located between the two spiral stirring shafts, a protective part is arranged on the side of the discharge shell close to the spiral stirring shaft, the protective part is opened with a mounting hole matched with the through hole, the through hole and the mounting hole are connected to form a cavity, a driving member for moving up and down is arranged in the cavity, the driving member is connected to a lower pressure plate, and the lower pressure plate covers the through hole in the initial state. The extrusion device in the present invention solves the technical problem that the material in the middle area of ​​the discharge cavity cannot flow toward the discharge hole, and promotes the continuous flow of the material in the direction of the discharge hole, thereby improving the overall discharge efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of extruders, and in particular to an extrusion device for composite materials. Background Art

[0002] An extrusion device for composite materials is a core component in the composite material preparation system, which usually includes multiple functional units such as raw material supply system, mixing system, melt extrusion system, granulation system, drying system, screening and packaging system, and control system. This extrusion device plays a key role in the preparation process of composite materials, and is mainly responsible for the melting, mixing and molding of materials. Its working process is as follows: First, the metered composite material enters the extruder barrel through the feed port; then, the rotating screw conveys the material forward, while shearing, kneading and mixing the material; in this process, the heating of the barrel gradually melts the material, and the mechanical force of the screw promotes the full mixing of the components at the molecular level; finally, the uniformly molten material is extruded from the extruder head and enters the subsequent granulation cooling system.

[0003] After some composite materials gradually melt, they will show a certain viscosity and non-uniformity. In order to ensure the uniform mixing of the materials, the prior art usually sets two parallel screws in the barrel for simultaneous stirring and conveying. The two screws convey the materials to the discharge chamber and then output them from the discharge hole in the discharge chamber. However, the two screws mainly provide conveying force in their respective areas, and in the middle area of ​​the discharge chamber, the materials are not subjected to sufficient extrusion force. In addition, due to the high viscosity of some molten materials, they cannot flow freely like low-viscosity liquids. This results in the material in the middle of the discharge chamber being unable to flow evenly toward the discharge hole, thereby affecting the uniformity of the discharge. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide an extrusion device for composite materials, which is used to solve the technical problem that materials in the middle area of ​​a discharge cavity cannot flow toward a discharge hole.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An extrusion device for composite materials comprises an extruder body, wherein two spiral stirring shafts are arranged in the body, a discharge shell connected with the spiral stirring shafts is arranged at the end of the body, a discharge cavity is arranged in the discharge shell, and a plurality of discharge holes are arranged on the inner wall of the discharge shell. The device is characterized in that a through hole is arranged on the discharge cavity, the through hole is located between the two spiral stirring shafts, a protective part is arranged on the side of the discharge shell close to the spiral stirring shaft, the protective part is provided with a mounting hole matching with the through hole, the through hole and the mounting hole are connected to form a cavity, a driving member for moving up and down is arranged in the cavity, the driving member is connected with a lower pressure plate, and the lower pressure plate covers the through hole in an initial state.

[0007] Furthermore, elastic plates are arranged on all sides of the lower pressure plate, and the elastic plates are in a curled edge shape. The driving member is connected to the lower pressure plate through a fixed part, and an extrusion assembly that cooperates with the elastic plate is also arranged on the fixed part. When the lower pressure plate moves toward the discharge hole, the extrusion assembly is used to extrude the elastic plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixing part includes a fixing column and a fixing plate, the driving member is connected to the fixing column, the fixing column is connected to the lower pressure plate through the fixing plate, the extrusion assembly includes four driving plates, the driving plate includes a first driving plate and a second driving plate, the first driving plate is hinged on the four sides of the fixing column, and each first driving plate is connected to the fixing plate through a compression spring, a placement groove is opened in the first driving plate, the second driving plate is connected to the inner wall of the placement groove through the first spring, and the second driving plate is in active contact with the elastic plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the end portion of the driving plate contacting the elastic plate is arc-shaped.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with oblique grooves, the number of which is the same as that of the driving plates.

[0011] Furthermore, the two spiral stirring shafts are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0012] Furthermore, the discharge shell is concave downwards on one side close to the spiral stirring shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the protection portion includes an arc-shaped protrusion arranged at the recess in the direction of the spiral stirring shaft, the arc-shaped protrusion is located between the two spiral stirring shafts, and the mounting hole is opened on the arc-shaped protrusion.

[0014] Furthermore, a first set of plates is arranged around the through hole, a second set of plates is arranged inside the first set of plates, the first set of plates and the second set of plates are connected by a telescopic spring, and a pressing plate in contact with the elastic plate is arranged on the second set of plates.

[0015] Further, when the elastic plate leaves the end of the oblique groove, the elastic plate contacts the pressing plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0017] The present application puts a quantitative amount of material into a feed hopper, and the material enters the barrel of the extruder body through the feed hopper, and the spiral stirring shaft stirs and conveys the material, and a heating component for gradually melting the material is provided in the barrel, and the spiral stirring shaft conveys the molten material to the discharge cavity. Two feed channels are provided on the discharge shell, and the spiral stirring shaft conveys the material to the discharge cavity through the feed channel. The lower pressure plate covers the through hole in the initial state to prevent the material from entering the through hole, effectively protecting the driving component and extending the service life of the driving component; when the driving component drives the lower pressure plate to move downward, A thrust can be applied to the material in the middle of the discharge chamber to flow in the direction of the discharge hole, so that the material in the middle of the discharge chamber can continuously move from the direction of the discharge hole, significantly improving the fluidity of the material in the middle of the discharge chamber; the protection part in the present application is arranged in the area where the spiral stirring shaft is located. Such an arrangement provides a placement space for the drive component, while also avoiding the influence of the material in the spiral stirring shaft area on the drive component, solving the technical problem that the material in the middle area of ​​the discharge chamber cannot flow in the direction of the discharge hole, promoting the continuous flow of the material in the direction of the discharge hole, and improving the overall discharge efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is an enlarged view of the structure of part A of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the elastic plate of the present invention.

[0022] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

[0023] 1-main body; 2-spiral stirring shaft; 3-discharging shell; 4-discharging cavity; 5-discharging hole; 6-through hole; 7-feeding channel; 8-mounting hole; 9-driving member; 10-lower pressure plate; 11-elastic plate; 12-fixing column; 13-fixing plate; 14-first driving plate; 15-second driving plate; 16-oblique groove; 17-arc-shaped protrusion; 18-first set of plates; 19-second set of plates; 20-pressing plate; 21-compression spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0025] Example

[0026] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an extrusion device for composite materials includes an extruder body 1, on which a feed hopper is also provided, two spiral stirring shafts 2 are provided in the body 1, a discharge shell 3 connected with the spiral stirring shafts 2 is provided at the end of the body 1, a discharge cavity 4 is provided in the discharge shell 3, a plurality of discharge holes 5 are provided on the inner wall of the discharge shell 3, a through hole 6 is opened on the discharge cavity 4, the through hole 6 is located between the two spiral stirring shafts 2, a protective part is provided on the side of the discharge shell 3 close to the spiral stirring shaft 2, the protective part is provided with a mounting hole 8 matched with the through hole 6, the through hole 6 is connected with the mounting hole 8 to form a cavity, a driving member 9 for moving up and down is provided in the cavity, the driving member 9 is connected with a lower pressure plate 10, and the lower pressure plate 10 covers the through hole 6 in the initial state.

[0027] Some composite materials will show a certain viscosity and non-uniformity after gradually melting. This phenomenon is common in various composite materials and presents unique challenges in different application fields. For example, when manufacturing ultra-large and ultra-thin home appliance housings, such as large TVs or refrigerator panels, strict requirements are placed on the high fluidity and high flame retardancy of the materials. To meet these performance requirements, a higher proportion of flame retardants are usually required to be added to PC / ABS materials. However, the addition of a high proportion of flame retardants will increase the viscosity and non-uniformity of the material. Another example is low-melting point metal-based composite materials. In the field of electronic packaging, tin-based composite materials (such as Sn-Bi alloys with copper or silver particles added) are used for lead-free solders. Adding metal particles can improve thermal conductivity and strength, but at the same time it will significantly increase the melt viscosity, making it more difficult to control fluidity and uniformity during extrusion molding.

[0028] Therefore, in order to ensure uniform mixing of the materials, the prior art usually sets two parallel screws in the barrel for simultaneous stirring and conveying. The two screws convey the materials to the discharge chamber 4, and then output them from the discharge hole 5 in the discharge chamber 4. However, the two screws mainly provide conveying force in their respective areas, and the materials are not subjected to sufficient extrusion force in the middle area of ​​the discharge chamber 4. In addition, due to the addition of a large amount of flame retardant, the viscosity of the molten material is higher, and it cannot flow freely like a low-viscosity liquid. This results in the material in the middle of the discharge chamber 4 not being able to flow evenly toward the discharge hole 5, thereby affecting the uniformity of the discharge.

[0029] The present application puts the material quantitatively into the feed hopper, and the material enters the barrel of the extruder body 1 through the feed hopper, and the spiral stirring shaft 2 stirs and conveys it, and a heating component for gradually melting the material is provided in the barrel, and the spiral stirring shaft 2 conveys the molten material to the discharge chamber 4, and two feed channels 7 are provided on the discharge shell 3, and the spiral stirring shaft 2 conveys the material to the discharge chamber 4 through the feed channel 7, and the lower pressing plate 10 covers the through hole 6 in the initial state to prevent the material from entering the through hole 6 and causing damage to the driving member 9, and the driving member 9 drives the lower pressing plate 10 to move downward, and can apply a thrust to the material in the middle of the discharge chamber 4 to flow in the direction of the discharge hole 5, so that the material in the middle of the discharge chamber 4 can continuously move from the discharge hole 5. The driving member 9 mentioned here can be preferably set as a cylinder. Because it is a molten PC / ABS material, if such material remains in the middle of the discharge chamber 4, it will be solidified in the discharge chamber 4 after the subsequent temperature drops, which seriously affects the subsequent operation. Such technical problems can be avoided by this application. The protective part is arranged in the area where the spiral stirring shaft 2 is located. This arrangement provides a space for the driving member 9 to be placed, and also prevents the materials in the area of ​​the spiral stirring shaft 2 from affecting the driving member 9. The protective part is not arranged too high, and is below the blades of the spiral stirring shaft 2 to avoid damage to the protective part.

[0030] It should be noted that elastic plates 11 are arranged on all sides of the lower pressure plate 10, and the elastic plates 11 are in a curled shape. The driving member 9 is connected to the lower pressure plate 10 through a fixed part, and an extrusion component that cooperates with the elastic plate 11 is also arranged on the fixed part. When the lower pressure plate 10 moves toward the discharge hole 5, the extrusion component is used to extrude the elastic plate 11.

[0031] The lower pressure plate 10 is further defined in the present application. Elastic plates 11 are arranged around the lower pressure plate 10. When the driving member 9 drives the lower pressure plate 10 to move, the extrusion assembly can stretch the curled edge on the elastic plate 11. The stretched elastic plate 11 can effectively prevent the material from flowing to the through hole 6, ensuring that the material moves toward the discharge hole 5; and when the lower pressure plate 10 is in the initial position, the elastic plate 11 is in a curled shape. In this state, the contact area between the elastic plate 11 and the inner wall of the through hole 6 is small, mainly because the outer edge of the curled edge is in slight contact with the inner wall. The advantage of this design is that it reduces the friction between the elastic plate 11 and the inner wall of the through hole 6 in a static state, thereby extending the service life of the elastic plate 11.

[0032] When the driving member 9 starts to drive the lower pressing plate 10 to move downward, the extrusion assembly starts to act on the elastic plate 11. At this time, the curling structure of the elastic plate 11 begins to gradually unfold. As the lower pressing plate 10 continues to move downward, the extrusion assembly continues to act, and the elastic plate 11 gradually unfolds completely. In this process, the contact area between the elastic plate 11 and the inner wall of the discharge chamber 4 gradually increases, forming a better sealing effect. And the unfolded elastic plate 11 can more effectively scrape off the material that may remain on the inner wall around the through hole 6. When the lower pressing plate 10 reaches the predetermined position, the elastic plate 11 is fully unfolded. At this time, the elastic plate 11 and the inner wall of the discharge chamber 4 around the through hole 6 form a shape similar to a sealing cover, which effectively prevents the material from entering the through hole 6. When the lower pressing plate 10 starts to rise, the pressure of the extrusion assembly gradually decreases, and the elastic plate 11 begins to gradually return to the curling state due to its own elasticity. In this process, the elastic plate 11 gradually reduces the contact area with the inner wall of the discharge chamber 4 around the through hole 6, reducing the friction during the rising process. During the recovery process of the curling state, the elastic plate 11 is likely to scrape off the residual material adhering to the inner wall, further keeping the area around the through hole 6 clean. For the clean area around the through hole 6, the elastic plate 11 can effectively fit with the surface each time it is pressed down, forming a better sealing effect. By clearing the residual material around the through hole 6, the accumulation and hardening of the material around the through hole 6 can be reduced. After the lower pressure plate 10 completely returns to the initial position, the elastic plate 11 is in a curling state again, ready for the next operation. The elastic plate 11 here is made of high-temperature resistant material, and the material is not specifically limited.

[0033] It should be noted that the fixing part includes a fixing column 12 and a fixing plate 13, the driving member 9 is connected to the fixing column 12, the fixing column 12 is connected to the lower pressure plate 10 through the fixing plate 13, the extrusion assembly includes four driving plates, the driving plates include a first driving plate 14 and a second driving plate 15, the first driving plate 14 is hinged on the four sides of the fixing column 12, and each first driving plate 14 is connected to the fixing plate 13 through a compression spring 21, a placement groove is opened in the first driving plate 14, the second driving plate 15 is connected to the inner wall of the placement groove through the first spring, and the second driving plate 15 is in active contact with the elastic plate 11.

[0034] The driving member 9 of the present application drives the lower pressure plate 10 to move up and down through the fixed column 12 and the fixed plate 13. The first driving plate 14 is arranged to rotate around the fixed column 12. The second driving plate 15 is initially in contact with the elastic plate 11, that is, the elastic plate 11 is in contact with the inner wall of the through hole 6, thereby limiting the movement of the second driving plate 15. The first driving plate 14 is connected to the compression spring 21, and the compression spring 21 gives the first driving plate 14 a certain elastic force. When the elastic plate 11 is in contact with the inner wall of the through hole 6, the compression spring 21 is in a deformed state. After the lower pressure plate 10 is pressed down, the elastic plate 11 is not restricted by the inner wall of the through hole 6, and the second driving plate 15 drives the elastic plate 11 to start to stretch.

[0035] It should be noted that the end of the second drive plate 15 that contacts the elastic plate 11 is arc-shaped. Compared with right-angled or sharp edges, the arc-shaped contact surface greatly reduces the wear on the elastic plate 11. In the process of the second drive plate 15 pushing the elastic plate 11 to unfold, the arc-shaped design not only makes the whole process smoother, but also significantly reduces friction and resistance, making the unfolding action smoother and more controllable. More importantly, this arc-shaped design enables the second drive plate 15 to better adapt to the shape changes of the elastic plate 11 in different states. Whether it is the initial curling state or the fully unfolded state, the arc-shaped contact surface can maintain good contact, ensuring the consistency and reliability of the operation.

[0036] It should be noted that the inner wall of the through hole 6 is provided with the same number of oblique grooves 16 as the second drive plate 15. The oblique grooves 16 are provided so that the elastic plate 11 can be unfolded gradually, and in the process of the lower pressure plate 10 moving upward, the elastic plate 11 can also be smoothly retracted to the initial position along the oblique grooves 16. The oblique grooves 16 guide the unfolding of the elastic plate 11, making the process more controllable and avoiding the splash of materials that may be caused by sudden unfolding. Secondly, in the process of moving upward, the oblique grooves 16 provide a preset retraction path for the elastic plate 11, ensuring that the elastic plate 11 can return to the initial state smoothly and orderly, reducing the risk of jamming or deformation.

[0037] It should be noted that the two spiral stirring shafts 2 are staggered. The spiral stirring shafts 2 are double-helix structures, and a certain angle is maintained between the two shafts, so that they can fully cross-act during the rotation process. And because there is a cross-acting area between the two shafts, the heat can be more evenly distributed in the entire processing area, avoiding the generation of local overheating or cold spots, which is particularly important for temperature-sensitive PC / ABS materials.

[0038] It should be noted that the discharge housing 3 is concave on one side close to the spiral stirring shaft 2. The downward concave setting is mainly to guide the material into the discharge cavity 4 through the feed channel 7. If it is set horizontally, some residual materials will stay in the area of ​​the two spiral stirring shafts 2.

[0039] It should be noted that the protection portion includes an arc-shaped protrusion 17 arranged at the depression toward the spiral stirring shaft 2, the arc-shaped protrusion 17 is located between the two spiral stirring shafts 2, and the mounting hole 8 is opened on the arc-shaped protrusion 17. The arc-shaped protrusion 17 is arranged in the present application, which effectively reduces the dead angle at the bottom of the depression and greatly reduces the possibility of material retention here.

[0040] It should be noted that a first set of plates 18 are respectively arranged around the through hole 6, a second set of plates 19 are sleeved inside the first set of plates 18, the first set of plates 18 and the second set of plates 19 are connected by a telescopic spring, and a pressing plate 20 in contact with the elastic plate 11 is arranged on the second set of plates 19. The first set of plates 18 and the second set of plates 19 arranged in this application are equivalent to a retractable set of plates when combined. After the elastic plate 11 contacts the pressing plate 20, the pressing plate 20 drives the second set of plates 19 to press down. The second set of plates 19 is equivalent to the extended lower pressing plate 10. The downward pressing of the second set of plates 19 also pushes the material in the middle of the discharge chamber 4, expanding the pushing area.

[0041] It should be noted that when the elastic plate 11 leaves the end of the oblique groove 16, the elastic plate 11 contacts the pressing plate 20. The elastic plate 11 directly transitions from the guidance of the oblique groove 16 to the control of the pressing plate 20, ensuring the continuity and stability of the entire deployment process.

[0042] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An extrusion device for composite materials, comprising an extruder body (1), two spiral stirring shafts (2) are arranged in the body (1), a discharge shell (3) connected to the spiral stirring shafts (2) is arranged at the end of the body (1), a discharge cavity (4) is arranged in the discharge shell (3), and a plurality of discharge holes (5) are arranged on the inner wall of the discharge shell (3), characterized in that: A through hole (6) is provided on the discharge chamber (4), the through hole (6) being located between the two spiral stirring shafts (2), a protective portion being provided on a side of the discharge shell (3) close to the spiral stirring shaft (2), the protective portion being provided with a mounting hole (8) matching the through hole (6), the through hole (6) and the mounting hole (8) being connected to form a cavity, a driving member (9) for upward and downward movement being provided in the cavity, the driving member (9) being connected to a lower pressing plate (10), the lower pressing plate (10) covering the through hole (6) in an initial state; the lower pressing plate ( Elastic plates (11) are arranged on all sides of the lower pressing plate (10), and the elastic plates (11) are in a curled shape. The driving member (9) is connected to the lower pressing plate (10) through a fixing portion, and an extrusion component matched with the elastic plate (11) is also arranged on the fixing portion. When the lower pressing plate (10) moves toward the discharge hole (5), the extrusion component is used to extrude the elastic plate (11); the fixing portion includes a fixing column (12) and a fixing plate (13), the driving member (9) is connected to the fixing column (12), and the fixing column (12) is connected to the fixing plate (13) ) is connected to the lower pressing plate (10), the extrusion assembly includes four drive plates, the drive plates include a first drive plate (14) and a second drive plate (15), the first drive plate (14) is hinged to the four sides of the fixed column (12), and each first drive plate (14) is connected to the fixed plate (13) through a compression spring (21), a placement groove is provided in the first drive plate (14), the second drive plate (15) is connected to the inner wall of the placement groove through the first spring, and the second drive plate (15) is in active contact with the elastic plate (11); The inner wall of the through hole (6) is provided with oblique grooves (16) having the same number as the driving plate; a first set of plates (18) is provided around the through hole (6), a second set of plates (19) is provided inside the first set of plates (18), the first set of plates (18) and the second set of plates (19) are connected by a telescopic spring, and a pressing plate (20) in contact with the elastic plate (11) is provided on the second set of plates (19); when the elastic plate (11) leaves the end of the oblique groove (16), the elastic plate (11) contacts the pressing plate (20).

2. An extrusion device for composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end portion of the driving plate contacting the elastic plate (11) is arc-shaped.

3. An extrusion device for composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two spiral stirring shafts (2) are arranged in a staggered manner.

4. An extrusion device for composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge shell (3) is concave downward on one side close to the spiral stirring shaft (2).

5. The extrusion device for composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection portion comprises an arc-shaped protrusion (17) arranged at the recessed portion in the direction of the spiral stirring shaft (2), the arc-shaped protrusion (17) being located between the two spiral stirring shafts (2), and the mounting hole (8) being provided on the arc-shaped protrusion (17).

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