Air supply system for low-temperature starting of fuel cell vehicle and control method of air supply system

Abstract

The invention discloses an air supply system for low-temperature starting of a fuel cell automobile and a control method of the air supply system, and the air supply system mainly comprises a fuel cell air supply system branch, a vortex tube branch and a passenger compartment branch. The vortex tube branch heats the fuel cell air supply system branch and the passenger compartment branch through the three-way valve. According to the invention, interconnection and intercommunication of gas heating loops of the fuel cell automobile are realized by using a set of integrated air supply loop, and meanwhile, non-auxiliary heating of the vortex tube on a fuel cell stack and a passenger compartment is realized by controlling loop mode switching, so that the system efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell vehicles, and in particular to an air supply system for low-temperature starting of a fuel cell vehicle and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cell vehicles have attracted much attention in the automotive industry due to their high efficiency and zero emissions. However, the technical challenge of starting under low temperature conditions (especially below 0°C) remains a major obstacle to the commercialization of fuel cell vehicles. During the low-temperature starting process, the water that may be produced inside the fuel cell stack will freeze at low temperatures, blocking the gas transmission path and reducing the active area of ​​the electrochemical reaction. This freezing phenomenon will not only cause the performance of the stack to deteriorate, but may also cause the stack to shut down, seriously affecting the durability and safety of the vehicle. Therefore, in practical applications, the technical challenges of effective low-temperature starting of the fuel cell stack and heating of the passenger compartment still need to be solved.

[0003] At present, various countries have put forward clear technical goals for improving the low-temperature starting capability of fuel cell vehicles. For example, the U.S. Department of Energy has set the goal of unassisted starting at -30℃ and assisted starting at -40℃, and my country's technology roadmap also plans to achieve the ability to start at -40℃ by 2025. The setting of these goals reflects the current technical challenges and development needs of fuel cell vehicles in low-temperature starting, and future research and technological breakthroughs will be crucial to promoting their widespread application. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an air supply system and a control method for low-temperature starting of a fuel cell vehicle. A set of integrated air supply circuits is used to realize the interconnection of the gas heating circuits of the fuel cell vehicle. At the same time, the control circuit mode switching realizes the unassisted heating of the fuel cell stack and the passenger compartment by the vortex tube, thereby improving the system efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An air supply system for low-temperature starting of a fuel cell vehicle comprises a fuel cell air supply system branch, a vortex tube branch and a passenger compartment branch, and each branch is used to adjust the air flow through an air valve;

[0007] The fuel cell air supply system branch includes an air filter 101, an air compressor 102, a first three-way valve 103, a second three-way valve 104, a fuel cell stack 105, a back pressure valve 106 and a one-way valve 107 which are connected in sequence, and a fuel cell stack temperature sensor 108 is installed inside the fuel cell stack 105;

[0008] The vortex tube branch includes a vortex tube 201, a third three-way valve 202 and a fourth three-way valve 203; the inlet end of the vortex tube 201 is connected to the first three-way valve 103 of the fuel cell air supply system branch, the high-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube 201 is connected to the third three-way valve 202, the third three-way valve 202 is simultaneously connected to the second three-way valve 104 and the one-way valve 107 outlet ends of the fuel cell air supply system branch, the low-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube 201 is connected to the fourth three-way valve 203, and the fourth three-way valve 203 is simultaneously connected to the second three-way valve 104 of the fuel cell air supply system branch and the passenger compartment branch;

[0009] The passenger compartment branch includes a fifth three-way valve 301, a passenger compartment 302 and an ambient temperature sensor 303, wherein the fifth three-way valve 301 is connected to the passenger compartment 302 and the fourth three-way valve 203 of the vortex tube branch respectively; the ambient temperature sensor 303 is used to measure the external ambient temperature to determine whether the fuel cell stack 105 is cold started;

[0010] The first three-way valve 103 is used to control the air flow into the fuel cell stack 105 and the vortex tube branch; the third three-way valve 202 is used to control the air flow from the high-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube 201 to the fuel cell stack 105 and the external environment, and the high-pressure air at the outlet of the air compressor 102 is further heated at the high-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube 201 to form hot air, thereby assisting the fuel cell stack 105 in heating up; the air flow from the low-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube 201 to the fuel cell stack 105 and the passenger compartment branch is distributed through the opening of the fourth three-way valve 203, and the air flow from the vortex tube branch to the fuel cell stack 105 is distributed through the opening of the second three-way valve 104, and the air flow through the passenger compartment 302 and the external environment is controlled through the fifth three-way valve 301, and the air is further cooled at the low-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube 201 to form warm air, thereby assisting the cooling of the fuel cell stack 105 and the heating of the passenger compartment 302.

[0011] Furthermore, the back pressure valve 106 of the fuel cell air supply system is used to adjust the air pressure of the fuel cell stack 105 ; the one-way valve 107 is used to prevent external air from flowing into the fuel cell stack 105 .

[0012] The present invention also provides a control method for an air supply system for low-temperature starting of a fuel cell vehicle, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1. Measure the ambient temperature through the ambient temperature sensor 303 to determine whether the fuel cell stack 105 is cold started: if the ambient temperature is less than 0°C, turn on the air end heating of the fuel cell stack 105, at this time, close the air flow from the low-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube 201 to the fuel cell air supply system branch through the opening of the fourth three-way valve 203, and execute step S21; otherwise, execute step S22;

[0014] S2. Control the working state of the fuel cell air supply system branch and the vortex tube branch according to the temperature of the fuel cell stack 105:

[0015] S21, the fuel cell stack 105 is cold started. If the temperature of the fuel cell stack 105 is less than the self-starting temperature threshold T1, the stack is heated by gas at the high temperature outlet of the vortex tube branch. Otherwise, the fuel cell air supply system branch is self-heated.

[0016] S22, when the fuel cell stack 105 is not cold started, and the temperature of the fuel cell stack 105 is less than the rated operating temperature threshold T2, the fuel cell air supply system branch enters the self-heating mode; when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 105 is greater than the rated operating temperature threshold T2, the vortex tube branch low-temperature outlet end gas cooling stack mode is entered;

[0017] S3. If the passenger compartment has a heating demand, the passenger compartment branch heating mode is turned on; if the passenger compartment has no heating demand, the passenger compartment branch heating is turned off.

[0018] Further, in the step S21, in the gas heating stack mode at the high-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube branch, the fuel cell stack 105 is in a low-temperature working state, and the first three-way valve 103 and the third three-way valve 202 are used to heat the outlet gas of the air compressor 102 through the vortex tube 201, and the gas at the high-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube 201 is introduced into the fuel cell stack 105 to increase its temperature; in the gas heating stack mode at the high-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube branch, the gas flow direction is: external environment → air filter 101 → air compressor 102 → first three-way valve 103 → high-temperature outlet end of vortex tube 201 → third three-way valve 202 → second three-way valve 104 → fuel cell stack 105 → back pressure valve 106 → check valve 107 → external environment.

[0019] Further, in step S21, in the fuel cell air supply system branch self-heating mode, the temperature of the fuel cell stack 105 is between the self-start temperature threshold T1 and the rated operating temperature threshold T2, and the first three-way valve 103 is used to introduce the air compressor 102 outlet gas into the fuel cell stack 105; in the fuel cell air supply system branch self-heating mode, the gas flow direction is: external environment → air filter 101 → air compressor 102 → first three-way valve 103 → second three-way valve 104 → fuel cell stack 105 → back pressure valve 106 → check valve 107 → external environment.

[0020] Further, in step S22, in the gas cooling stack mode at the low-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube branch, the fuel cell stack 105 is in a high-temperature working state, and the first three-way valve 103, the second three-way valve 104, and the fourth three-way valve 203 are used to cool the outlet gas of the air compressor 102 through the vortex tube 201, and the gas at the low-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube 201 is introduced into the fuel cell stack 105 to reduce its temperature; in the gas cooling stack mode at the low-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube branch, the gas flow direction is: external environment → air filter 101 → air compressor 202 → first three-way valve 103 → low-temperature outlet end of vortex tube 201 → fourth three-way valve 203 → second three-way valve 104 → fuel cell stack 105 → back pressure valve 106 → check valve 107 → external environment.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S3, in the passenger compartment branch heating mode, the first three-way valve 103, the fourth three-way valve 203, and the fifth three-way valve 301 are used to cool the outlet gas of the air compressor 102 through the vortex tube 201, and the gas at the low-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube 201 is introduced into the passenger compartment 302 to increase the ambient temperature inside the vehicle; in the passenger compartment branch heating mode, the gas flow direction is: external environment → air filter 101 → air compressor 102 → first three-way valve 103 → low-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube 201 → fourth three-way valve 203 → fifth three-way valve 301 → passenger compartment 302.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention effectively improves the cold start capability of fuel cell vehicles by integrating the air supply circuit, and improves the shortcomings of ordinary water cooling circuits, such as poor heating effect in severe cold and low heating speed of the passenger compartment.

[0024] 2. The present invention integrates passenger compartment heating and fuel cell stack heating into the same air supply system, which reduces the number of system components and layout space and improves the compactness and reliability of the system.

[0025] 3. The present invention realizes unassisted heating of the fuel cell stack and the passenger compartment through the application of vortex tube technology, avoids additional electric heating devices, and improves the system efficiency of fuel cell vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an air supply system for low-temperature starting of a fuel cell vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the air supply system control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3This is a branch diagram of a gas heating stack mode at a high temperature outlet end of a vortex tube branch described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 A branch diagram of a fuel cell air supply system branch self-heating mode in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a branch diagram of a gas-cooled stack mode at a low-temperature outlet end of a vortex tube branch described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a branch diagram of the passenger compartment branch heating mode described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] In the figure:

[0033] 101-air filter; 102-air compressor; 103-first three-way valve; 104-second three-way valve; 105-fuel cell stack; 106-back pressure valve; 107-check valve; 108-fuel cell stack temperature sensor;

[0034] 201- vortex tube; 202- third three-way valve; 203- fourth three-way valve;

[0035] 301 - fifth three-way valve; 302 - passenger compartment; 303 - ambient temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0037] As attached Figure 1 As shown, an air supply system for low-temperature starting of a fuel cell vehicle mainly includes a fuel cell air supply system branch, a vortex tube branch and a passenger compartment branch. Each branch adjusts the air flow through an air valve, and the vortex tube branch heats the fuel cell air supply system branch and the passenger compartment branch through a three-way valve.

[0038] The fuel cell air supply system branch includes an air filter 101, an air compressor 102, a first three-way valve 103, a second three-way valve 104, a fuel cell stack 105, a back pressure valve 106 and a one-way valve 107 connected in sequence, and a fuel cell stack temperature sensor 108 is installed inside the fuel cell stack 105; the back pressure valve 106 is used to adjust the air pressure of the fuel cell stack 105; the one-way valve 107 is used to prevent external gas from flowing into the fuel cell stack 105; the fuel cell stack temperature sensor 108 measures the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack 105. The fuel cell air supply system branch is connected to the vortex tube branch through the first three-way valve 103 and the second three-way valve 104 respectively, and the air flowing into the fuel cell stack 105 and the vortex tube branch is controlled by the first three-way valve 103; the air flow of the vortex tube branch flowing into the fuel cell stack 105 is distributed by the opening of the second three-way valve 104.

[0039] The vortex tube branch includes a vortex tube 201, a third three-way valve 202 and a fourth three-way valve 203. The third three-way valve 202 is respectively connected to the high-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube 201, the second three-way valve 104 and the outlet end of the one-way valve 107 of the fuel cell air supply system branch, and the air flow through the fuel cell stack 105 and the external environment of the fuel cell air supply system branch is controlled by the third three-way valve 202; the fourth three-way valve 203 is respectively connected to the low-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube 201, the second three-way valve 104 of the fuel cell air supply system branch and the passenger compartment branch, and the air flow from the low-temperature outlet of the vortex tube 201 to the fuel cell air supply system branch and the passenger compartment branch is distributed according to the opening of the fourth three-way valve 203. The high-pressure air at the outlet of the air compressor 102 is further heated at the high-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube 201 to form hot air, which is suitable for assisting the fuel cell stack 105 to heat up quickly; and is further cooled at the low-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube 201 to form warm air, which is suitable for assisting the fuel cell stack 105 to cool down quickly and the passenger compartment 302 to heat up quickly.

[0040] The passenger compartment branch includes a fifth three-way valve 301, a passenger compartment 302 and an ambient temperature sensor 303. The fifth three-way valve 301 is respectively connected to the passenger compartment 302 and the fourth three-way valve 203 of the vortex tube branch. The fifth three-way valve 301 controls the air flow through the passenger compartment 302 and the external environment. The ambient temperature sensor 303 is used to measure the external ambient temperature and determine whether the fuel cell stack 105 is cold started.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, as a specific implementation of a control method for a fuel cell vehicle air supply system, controlling the air supply system includes the following steps:

[0042] Step S1, measure the ambient temperature through the ambient temperature sensor 303 to determine whether the fuel cell stack 105 is cold started: if the ambient temperature is less than 0°C, turn on the air end heating of the fuel cell stack 105. At this time, the air flow from the low-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube 201 to the fuel cell air supply system branch is closed through the opening of the fourth three-way valve 203, and execute step S21; otherwise, execute step S22.

[0043] Step S2, according to the temperature of the fuel cell stack 105, the working state of the fuel cell air supply system branch and the vortex tube branch is controlled, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0044] Step S21, the fuel cell stack 105 is cold started. If the temperature of the fuel cell stack 105 is lower than the self-starting temperature threshold T1 (-20°C), the vortex tube branch high temperature outlet end gas heating stack mode is entered, otherwise the fuel cell air supply system branch self-heating mode is entered.

[0045] In the gas heating stack mode at the high temperature outlet of the vortex tube branch, the fuel cell stack 105 is in a low temperature working state. At this time, in order to avoid local freezing inside the fuel cell stack 105, the first three-way valve 103 and the third three-way valve 202 are used to heat the gas at the outlet of the air compressor 102 through the vortex tube 201, and the gas at the high temperature outlet of the vortex tube 201 is introduced into the fuel cell stack 105 to increase its temperature. Figure 3 As shown: external environment → air filter 101 → air compressor 102 → first three-way valve 103 → high temperature outlet end of vortex tube 201 → third three-way valve 202 → second three-way valve 104 → fuel cell stack 105 → back pressure valve 106 → one-way valve 107 → external environment.

[0046] In the fuel cell air supply system branch self-heating mode, the temperature of the fuel cell stack 105 is between the self-starting temperature threshold T1 and the rated operating temperature threshold T2 (70°C). At this time, the air temperature rise rate caused by the operation of the air compressor 202 meets the operation requirements of the fuel cell stack 105, and the first three-way valve 103 is used to introduce the outlet gas of the air compressor 102 into the fuel cell stack 105. The fuel cell air supply system branch self-heating gas flows to the fuel cell stack 105. Figure 4 As shown: external environment→air filter 101→air compressor 102→first three-way valve 103→second three-way valve 104→fuel cell stack 105→back pressure valve 106→check valve 107→external environment.

[0047] Step S22, the fuel cell stack 105 is not cold started, and the temperature of the fuel cell stack 105 is less than the rated operating temperature threshold T2, then it enters the fuel cell air supply system branch self-heating mode; the fuel cell stack 105 temperature is greater than the rated operating temperature threshold T2, then it enters the vortex tube branch low-temperature outlet end gas cooling stack mode.

[0048] In the gas cooling stack mode at the low-temperature outlet of the vortex tube branch, the fuel cell stack 105 is in a high-temperature working state. At this time, in order to prevent the proton exchange membrane inside the fuel cell stack 105 from drying out, the first three-way valve 103, the second three-way valve 104, and the fourth three-way valve 203 are used to cool the gas at the outlet of the air compressor 102 through the vortex tube 201, and the gas at the low-temperature outlet of the vortex tube 201 is introduced into the fuel cell stack 105 to reduce its temperature. Figure 5 As shown: external environment → air filter 101 → air compressor 202 → first three-way valve 103 → low-temperature outlet end of vortex tube 201 → fourth three-way valve 203 → second three-way valve 104 → fuel cell stack 105 → back pressure valve 106 → one-way valve 107 → external environment.

[0049] Step S3, if the passenger compartment has a heating demand, the passenger compartment branch heating mode is turned on; if the passenger compartment has no heating demand, the passenger compartment branch heating is turned off.

[0050] In the passenger compartment branch heating mode, when the ambient temperature is low, the first three-way valve 103, the fourth three-way valve 203, and the fifth three-way valve 301 are used to cool the outlet gas of the air compressor 102 through the vortex tube 201, and the gas at the low-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube 201 is introduced into the passenger compartment 302 to increase the ambient temperature in the vehicle. Figure 6 As shown: external environment → air filter 101 → air compressor 102 → first three-way valve 103 → low-temperature outlet end of vortex tube 201 → fourth three-way valve 203 → fifth three-way valve 301 → passenger compartment 302.

Claims

1. An air supply system for low-temperature starting of fuel cell vehicles, It is characterized in that It includes a fuel cell air supply system branch, a vortex tube branch and a passenger compartment branch, and each branch regulates the air flow through an air valve; The fuel cell air supply system branch comprises an air filter (101), an air compressor (102), a first three-way valve (103), a second three-way valve (104), a fuel cell stack (105), a back pressure valve (106) and a one-way valve (107) which are connected in sequence, and a fuel cell stack temperature sensor (108) is installed inside the fuel cell stack (105); The vortex tube branch comprises a vortex tube (201), a third three-way valve (202) and a fourth three-way valve (203); the inlet end of the vortex tube (201) is connected to the first three-way valve (103) of the fuel cell air supply system branch, the high-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube (201) is connected to the third three-way valve (202), the third three-way valve (202) is simultaneously connected to the second three-way valve (104) and the outlet end of the check valve (107) of the fuel cell air supply system branch, the low-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube (201) is connected to the fourth three-way valve (203), and the fourth three-way valve (203) is simultaneously connected to the second three-way valve (104) of the fuel cell air supply system branch and the passenger compartment branch; The passenger compartment branch comprises a fifth three-way valve (301), a passenger compartment (302) and an ambient temperature sensor (303); the fifth three-way valve (301) is respectively connected to the passenger compartment (302) and the fourth three-way valve (203) of the vortex tube branch; the ambient temperature sensor (303) is used to measure the external ambient temperature and determine whether the fuel cell stack (105) is cold started; The first three-way valve (103) controls the air to flow into the fuel cell stack (105) and the vortex tube branch; the third three-way valve (202) controls the air at the high-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube (201) to flow to the fuel cell stack (105) and the external environment, and the high-pressure air at the outlet of the air compressor (102) is further heated at the high-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube (201) to form hot air, thereby assisting the fuel cell stack (105) in heating; and the vortex is distributed by the opening of the fourth three-way valve (203). The air flow from the low-temperature outlet end of the tube (201) flows to the fuel cell stack (105) and the passenger compartment branch, and the air flow from the vortex tube branch to the fuel cell stack (105) is distributed through the opening of the second three-way valve (104). The air flow through the passenger compartment (302) and the external environment is controlled by the fifth three-way valve (301). The air is further cooled at the low-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube (201) to form warm air, which assists in cooling the fuel cell stack (105) and heating the passenger compartment (302).

2. An air supply system for low temperature starting of a fuel cell vehicle as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The back pressure valve (106) of the fuel cell air supply system is used to adjust the air pressure of the fuel cell stack (105); and the one-way valve (107) is used to prevent external air from flowing into the fuel cell stack (105).

3. A control method for an air supply system for a fuel cell vehicle at low temperature start-up as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. Measuring the ambient temperature through the ambient temperature sensor (303) to determine whether the fuel cell stack (105) is cold started: if the ambient temperature is less than 0°C, turning on the heating of the air end of the fuel cell stack (105), at which time the air flow from the low-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube (201) to the fuel cell air supply system branch is closed through the opening of the fourth three-way valve (203), and executing step S21; otherwise, executing step S22; S2. Controlling the working state of the fuel cell air supply system branch and the vortex tube branch according to the temperature of the fuel cell stack (105): S21, the fuel cell stack (105) is cold started. If the temperature of the fuel cell stack (105) is less than the self-starting temperature threshold T 1 , it enters the gas heating mode at the high temperature outlet of the vortex tube branch, otherwise it enters the self-heating mode of the fuel cell air supply system branch; S22, the fuel cell stack (105) is not cold started, and the temperature of the fuel cell stack (105) is less than the rated operating temperature threshold T 2 , the fuel cell air supply system branch enters the self-heating mode; the temperature of the fuel cell stack (105) is greater than the rated operating temperature threshold T 2 , then the stack is cooled by gas at the low-temperature outlet of the vortex tube branch; S3. If the passenger compartment has a heating demand, the passenger compartment branch heating mode is turned on; if the passenger compartment has no heating demand, the passenger compartment branch heating is turned off.

4. A control method for an air supply system for a fuel cell vehicle at low temperature start-up as claimed in claim 3, It is characterized in that In the step S21, in the gas heating stack mode at the high-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube branch, the fuel cell stack (105) is in a low-temperature working state, and the outlet gas of the air compressor (102) is heated through the vortex tube (201) by using the first three-way valve (103) and the third three-way valve (202), and the gas at the high-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube (201) is introduced into the fuel cell stack (105) to increase its temperature; in the gas heating stack mode at the high-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube branch, the gas flow direction is: external environment → air filter (101) → air compressor (102) → first three-way valve (103) → high-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube (201) → third three-way valve (202) → second three-way valve (104) → fuel cell stack (105) → back pressure valve (106) → check valve (107) → external environment.

5. A control method for an air supply system for a fuel cell vehicle at low temperature start-up as claimed in claim 3, It is characterized in that In the step S21, the fuel cell air supply system branch is in the self-heating mode, and the temperature of the fuel cell stack (105) is at the self-starting temperature threshold T 1 With the rated operating temperature threshold T 2 The first three-way valve (103) is used to guide the outlet gas of the air compressor (102) to the fuel cell stack (105); the gas flow direction of the fuel cell air supply system branch in the self-heating mode is: external environment → air filter (101) → air compressor (102) → first three-way valve (103) → second three-way valve (104) → fuel cell stack (105) → back pressure valve (106) → one-way valve (107) → external environment.

6. A control method for an air supply system for a fuel cell vehicle at low temperature start-up as claimed in claim 3, It is characterized in that In the step S22, in the gas cooling stack mode at the low-temperature outlet of the vortex tube branch, the fuel cell stack (105) is in a high-temperature working state, and the outlet gas of the air compressor (102) is cooled through the vortex tube (201) by using the first three-way valve (103), the second three-way valve (104), and the fourth three-way valve (203), and the gas at the low-temperature outlet of the vortex tube (201) is introduced into the fuel cell stack (105) to reduce its temperature; in the gas cooling stack mode at the low-temperature outlet of the vortex tube branch, the gas flow direction is: external environment → air filter (101) → air compressor 202 → first three-way valve (103) → low-temperature outlet of vortex tube (201) → fourth three-way valve (203) → second three-way valve (104) → fuel cell stack (105) → back pressure valve (106) → check valve (107) → external environment.

7. A control method for an air supply system for a fuel cell vehicle at low temperature start-up as claimed in claim 3, It is characterized in that In step S3, in the passenger compartment branch heating mode, the first three-way valve (103), the fourth three-way valve (203), and the fifth three-way valve (301) are used to cool the outlet gas of the air compressor (102) through the vortex tube (201), and the gas at the low-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube (201) is introduced into the passenger compartment (302) to increase the ambient temperature inside the vehicle; in the passenger compartment branch heating mode, the gas flow direction is: external environment → air filter (101) → air compressor (102) → first three-way valve (103) → low-temperature outlet end of the vortex tube (201) → fourth three-way valve (203) → fifth three-way valve (301) → passenger compartment (302).

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