A polar ship anti-icing system

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of polar ship anti-freezing system, including compressor, heat cabin, anti-freezing equipment, domestic sewage tank, expansion valve, anti-freezing equipment is connected compressor, as the condenser side of compressor;Heat cabin and domestic sewage tank are connected compressor by expansion valve, as the evaporator side of compressor, energy migration of anti-freezing system is realized by compressor drive.This application can use waste heat as the heat source of polar ship anti-freezing system, and use waste heat for equipment anti-freezing.This application can effectively regulate the temperature of heat generating place and accurately control temperature while carrying out equipment anti-freezing, air conditioning control is carried out to heat generating place while extracting heat, and room temperature is maintained.This application uses compressor refrigeration heat pump cycle as energy lever, a portion of electricity can extract multiple heat for anti-freezing, and simultaneously, multiple cold can be extracted for room temperature control of heat cabin, and comprehensive energy efficiency ratio is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a ship antifreeze system for preventing equipment freezing on ships navigating in polar regions, and belongs to the field of polar ship cold-weather protection technology. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the departure of the Xue Long 2 polar icebreaker research vessel to the North and South Poles, my country's polar scientific research has reached a new peak. With the design and construction of a new batch of polar vessels, numerous design challenges have emerged that urgently need to be addressed by Chinese polar vessel designers. Among these, antifreeze protection is a crucial issue. The extremely low temperatures in polar regions affect the physical properties of the vessel's external equipment, which in turn is related to the safety of polar equipment operations and the smooth progress of polar scientific research.

[0003] Traditional polar antifreeze systems use electric heating equipment, which has a low energy efficiency ratio; one unit of electricity can only generate less than one unit of heat. When sailing in polar waters where resupply is inconvenient, the antifreeze equipment consumes a large amount of the ship's energy. On the other hand, although sailing in cold regions, the heat generated in the ship's internal cabins often still requires electricity for air conditioning or mechanical ventilation to cool down. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a polar ship antifreeze system that actively allocates and rationally utilizes the waste energy of polar ships, firstly ensuring the antifreeze effect of the equipment, secondly ensuring the temperature of the ship's heated compartments, and finally minimizing the energy consumption for antifreeze.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a polar ship antifreeze system, comprising a compressor, a heating chamber, an antifreeze device, a sewage tank, and an expansion valve. The antifreeze device is connected to the compressor and serves as the condenser side of the compressor. The heating chamber and the sewage tank are connected to the compressor through the expansion valve and serve as the evaporator side of the compressor. The energy transfer of the antifreeze system is achieved by driving the compressor.

[0006] Furthermore, a heating chamber expansion valve is installed between the compressor and the evaporator of the heating chamber, and a domestic sewage tank expansion valve is installed between the compressor and the heat exchanger of the domestic sewage tank.

[0007] Furthermore, when the polar vessel's antifreeze system is in operation, the primary antifreeze heat is obtained from the heating compartment, while simultaneously reducing and maintaining the temperature of the heating compartment.

[0008] Furthermore, when the heat from the heating chamber is insufficient, secondary antifreeze heat is obtained from the sewage tank.

[0009] Furthermore, electric heating is installed at the antifreeze equipment as a supplement to the three-level antifreeze heat or emergency antifreeze system.

[0010] Furthermore, the antifreeze equipment is equipped with an antifreeze heater, an antifreeze temperature sensor, and an antifreeze heating thermostat; the heating chamber is equipped with a heating chamber temperature sensor and a heating chamber temperature controller, which are used to regulate the temperature of the antifreeze equipment and the heating chamber in both directions. Moreover, through the circulation of the refrigeration heat pump, the transfer and exchange of cold and heat are amplified, thus saving energy.

[0011] Furthermore, multiple antifreeze devices are connected in parallel to the polar vessel's antifreeze system, and multiple heated compartments are also connected in parallel to the polar vessel's antifreeze system.

[0012] Furthermore, the circulating medium in the polar vessel's antifreeze system is refrigerant; all pipelines in the polar vessel's antifreeze system are insulated.

[0013] Furthermore, the expansion valve uses an electronic expansion valve to precisely control the temperature of the heating chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, the compressor is a variable frequency compressor.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0016] (1) The present invention can use the waste heat of ships as the heat source of the antifreeze system of polar ships to use waste heat for equipment antifreeze.

[0017] (2) While protecting the equipment from freezing, the present invention can effectively regulate and precisely control the temperature of the heat-generating areas of the ship, and while extracting heat, it can also control the air conditioning of the heat-generating areas and maintain the room temperature.

[0018] (3) The present invention uses a compressor refrigeration heat pump cycle as an energy lever. One unit of electricity can extract multiple units of heat for antifreeze, and at the same time, it can extract multiple units of cold energy for temperature control of the heating chamber, resulting in a high overall energy efficiency ratio. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the polar vessel antifreeze system of the present invention;

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Compressor; 2. Heating chamber; 3. Antifreeze equipment; 4. Domestic sewage tank; 5. Expansion valve of heating chamber; 6. Refrigerant pipeline; 7. Temperature sensor of heating chamber; 8. Temperature controller of heating chamber; 9. Electric heater; 10. Evaporator of heating chamber; 11. Expansion valve of domestic sewage tank; 12. Heat exchanger of domestic sewage tank; 13. Temperature sensor of antifreeze equipment; 14. Heating controller of antifreeze equipment; 15. Heater of antifreeze equipment; 16. Refrigerant diversion valve of antifreeze equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, an antifreeze system for a polar vessel provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a compressor 1, a heating chamber 2, antifreeze equipment 3, a sewage tank 4, a heating chamber expansion valve 5, a refrigerant pipeline 6, a heating chamber temperature sensor 7, a heating chamber temperature controller 8, an electric heater 9, a heating chamber evaporator 10, a sewage tank expansion valve 11, a sewage tank heat exchanger 12, an antifreeze equipment temperature sensor 13, an antifreeze equipment heating controller 14, an antifreeze equipment heater 15, and an antifreeze equipment refrigerant diversion valve 16.

[0023] The antifreeze device 3 is connected to the compressor 1 via a refrigerant pipeline 6. The compressor 1 is connected to the evaporator 10 in the heating chamber 2 and the heat exchanger 12 in the sewage tank 4, forming a circuit through the antifreeze device heater 15 in the antifreeze device 3. Specifically, the antifreeze device heater 14 serves as the condenser side of the compressor 1, and the evaporator 10 in the heating chamber and the heat exchanger 12 in the sewage tank serve as the evaporator side of the compressor 1. A heating chamber expansion valve 5 is installed between the compressor 1 and the heating chamber evaporator 10, and a sewage tank expansion valve 11 is installed between the compressor 1 and the sewage tank heat exchanger 12. Energy transfer in the antifreeze system is achieved through the drive of the compressor 1.

[0024] During system operation, primary antifreeze heat is preferentially obtained from heating compartment 2, while simultaneously lowering and maintaining the temperature of heating compartment 2. When the heat from heating compartment 2 is insufficient, secondary antifreeze heat is obtained from waste heat from the ship, such as sewage.

[0025] The antifreeze device 3 is equipped with an antifreeze heater 15, an antifreeze temperature sensor 13, and an antifreeze heating thermostat 14. The electric heater 9 at the antifreeze device can serve as a supplement to the three-level antifreeze heating system or an emergency antifreeze system.

[0026] The heating chamber 2 is equipped with a heating chamber temperature sensor 7 and a heating chamber temperature controller 8.

[0027] This invention has the following features:

[0028] (1) A compressor drives the antifreeze system, with the antifreeze equipment as the condenser side of the compressor and the heating chamber and waste heat as the evaporator side of the compressor. The system is equipped with an expansion valve and an automatic control device, and the energy transfer of the antifreeze system is realized by the compressor drive.

[0029] (2) If necessary, the electric heating at the antifreeze equipment can be used as a supplement to the level 3 antifreeze heat or emergency antifreeze system. (3) Multiple antifreeze equipment can be connected in parallel to the antifreeze system, and multiple heating chambers can be connected in parallel to the antifreeze system.

[0030] (4) The circulating medium in the antifreeze system is refrigerant.

[0031] (5) An electronic expansion valve can be selected to precisely control the temperature of the heating chamber, such as an IT server room.

[0032] (6) The compressor is a variable frequency compressor.

[0033] (7) All pipelines shall be insulated.

[0034] The working principle of this invention is as follows: an electrically driven compressor serves as the mechanical power for the antifreeze system. The evaporation and condensation of the refrigerant transports redundant waste heat from the ship to the antifreeze equipment to prevent the equipment from freezing. At the same time, it transports the external cold energy from the equipment to the heated compartments on the ship to cool them down and maintain the required room temperature. The antifreeze heat source is divided into three stages. First, the refrigerant transports heat from the heated compartments as the first stage of heat. When the required antifreeze heat is too large and the heated compartments cannot meet it, heat is extracted from domestic wastewater as the second stage of heat. When necessary, the electric heating at the antifreeze equipment serves as the third stage of heat supplement or as an emergency antifreeze backup.

[0035] The specific working process of this invention:

[0036] The compressor 1 is started, driving the refrigerant to circulate within the refrigerant pipeline 6. After being compressed and condensed by the compressor 1, the refrigerant is depressurized through the expansion valve 5 of the heating chamber and enters the heating chamber 2. It evaporates and absorbs heat through the evaporator 10 of the heating chamber, and then becomes gaseous. It passes through the refrigerant diversion valve 16 of the antifreeze equipment and enters the antifreeze equipment 3, where it condenses and releases heat through the heater 15 of the antifreeze equipment. It then circulates back into the compressor 1 to be compressed, thus completing one cycle. In this process, the redundant waste heat in the heating chamber 2 of the ship is transferred to the antifreeze equipment 3 by utilizing the physical properties of refrigerant evaporation and condensation, preventing the antifreeze equipment 3 from freezing. At the same time, the cold energy in the antifreeze equipment 3 is transferred to the heating chamber 2 inside the ship to cool it down and maintain the required room temperature. When the heating demand of the antifreeze equipment 3 is too large for the heating chamber 2 to meet, heat is extracted from the sewage tank 4 through the expansion valve 11 of the sewage tank and the heat exchanger 12 of the sewage tank as the second stage of heat. If necessary, the electric heater 9 at the antifreeze equipment can be used as a third stage of heat supplement or as an emergency antifreeze backup. Among them, the heating chamber temperature sensor 7 and the heating chamber temperature controller 8 monitor and maintain the temperature required by the heating chamber 2; the antifreeze equipment temperature sensor 13 and the antifreeze equipment heating controller 14 monitor and maintain the minimum maintenance temperature required by the antifreeze equipment 3.

[0037] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the content described in the claims of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polar vessel antifreeze system, characterized in that: It includes a compressor, a heating chamber, an antifreeze device, a domestic sewage tank, and an expansion valve. The antifreeze device is connected to the compressor and serves as the condenser side of the compressor. The heating chamber and the domestic sewage tank are connected to the compressor through the expansion valve and serve as the evaporator side of the compressor. The energy transfer of the antifreeze system is achieved by driving the compressor. An expansion valve for the heating chamber is installed between the compressor and the evaporator of the heating chamber, and an expansion valve for the sewage tank is installed between the compressor and the heat exchanger of the sewage tank. When the polar ship's antifreeze system is running, the primary antifreeze heat is obtained from the heating chamber, while simultaneously reducing and maintaining the temperature of the heating chamber. When the heat from the heating chamber is insufficient, secondary antifreeze heat is obtained from the sewage tank. Electric heating is installed at the antifreeze equipment as a supplement to the tertiary antifreeze heat or the emergency antifreeze system.

2. The polar vessel antifreeze system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antifreeze equipment is equipped with an antifreeze heater, an antifreeze temperature sensor, and an antifreeze heating thermostat; the heating chamber is equipped with a heating chamber temperature sensor and a heating chamber temperature controller, which are used to regulate the temperature of the antifreeze equipment and the heating chamber in both directions. Furthermore, through the circulation of the refrigeration heat pump, the transfer and exchange of cold and heat are amplified, thus maximizing energy saving.

3. The polar vessel antifreeze system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple antifreeze devices are connected in parallel to the polar ship's antifreeze system, and multiple heated compartments are connected in parallel to the polar ship's antifreeze system.

4. The polar vessel antifreeze system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigerant is the circulating medium in the antifreeze system of polar ships; all pipelines in the antifreeze system of polar ships are insulated.

5. The polar vessel antifreeze system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion valve uses an electronic expansion valve to precisely control the temperature of the heating chamber.

6. The polar vessel antifreeze system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressor is a variable frequency compressor.

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