Fine Mist Preparation Method for Janus Polyester Fabric with Unidirectional Moisture Conductivity and Antibacterial Function

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of new textile materials. The present invention discloses a method for preparing a fine mist of a Janus polyester fabric with unidirectional moisture conduction and antibacterial functions, which comprises the following steps: Step 1, spray graft an aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution onto one side surface of the polyester fabric, wash and dry to obtain an aminated / polyester fabric; Step 2, spray a mixed aqueous solution of copper acetate and cysteine onto the same side surface of the polyester fabric and bake, repeat the above spray-baking operation three times in total to obtain a Janus polyester fabric with unidirectional moisture conduction and antibacterial functions. The present invention overcomes the problems of complex existing preparation methods, high energy consumption, single functions of the prepared polyester fabric, large skin irritation and poor hygienic safety, and can simultaneously retain the wearing properties of the original polyester fabric such as tensile strength and flexibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of new textile materials and relates to a method for preparing Janus polyester fabrics with unidirectional moisture conduction and antibacterial functions by using fine mist. Background Art

[0002] With the progress of technology and the diversification of consumer demands, textile products with multiple functions such as waterproof and breathable, antibacterial and antiviral, moisture absorption and sweat discharge are becoming more and more popular. Polyester fabrics are widely used in daily life due to their high mechanical strength, elasticity, durability, and wrinkle - free and iron - free characteristics. However, polyester fabrics have poor moisture conductivity, and it is easy to feel stuffy and breed bacteria when worn in summer, thus affecting human comfort and safety. Therefore, in the field of textile science, developing fabrics that can integrate multiple functions has become an important research direction.

[0003] Janus fabrics are a unique type of double - sided functional fabrics with significantly different surface structures and properties on both sides, enabling them to exhibit different functions on the same fabric. Such fabrics can meet application scenarios where multiple requirements coexist. Chinese invention patent CN115075018A discloses a unidirectional moisture - conducting polyester fabric prepared based on coating finishing technology and its preparation method, and Chinese invention patent CN116572613A provides a moisture - absorbing and moisture - conducting bio - based polyester fabric and its preparation method. However, these methods have complex preparation processes and the polyester fabrics have single functions and do not achieve antibacterial properties. In addition, they require long - time high - temperature treatment, which not only consumes a large amount of energy but also generates a large amount of wastewater discharge.

[0004] Copper ions are an efficient antibacterial agent and are widely used in the preparation of antibacterial fabrics. For example, Chinese invention patent CN118286520A discloses a method for preparing a polydopamine / polylysine / copper ion antibacterial functional coating. Another example is that Chinese invention patent CN115652627A discloses a method for weaving copper - ion antibacterial fabrics by using copper - containing antibacterial fibers through blending technology. However, these fabric products cannot avoid the contact between copper - containing fabric fibers and human skin, and the risk of hygienic safety toxicity is relatively high. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing a fine mist of a Janus polyester fabric with unidirectional moisture conduction and antibacterial functions. By using fine mist finishing, a copper-containing antibacterial layer is constructed on one side of the polyester fabric, and the other side is not treated, retaining the original hydrophobic property of the polyester fabric. Since the antibacterial layer has hydrophilic characteristics, a difference in hydrophilic and hydrophobic degrees is formed with the untreated layer, and the unidirectional moisture conduction function can be achieved while realizing the antibacterial function. The present invention overcomes the problems of complex existing preparation methods, high energy consumption, single functions of the prepared polyester fabric, large skin irritation, and poor hygienic safety, and can retain the wearing properties such as the original tensile strength and flexibility of the polyester fabric.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for preparing a fine mist of a Janus polyester fabric with unidirectional moisture conduction and antibacterial functions, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Spray graft an aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution onto one side surface of the polyester fabric, wash and dry to obtain an aminated / polyester fabric;

[0009] Step 2: Spray a mixed aqueous solution of copper acetate and cysteine onto the same side surface of the polyester fabric and bake. Repeat the above spraying-baking operation three times in total to obtain a Janus polyester fabric with unidirectional moisture conduction and antibacterial functions.

[0010] Further, in Step 1, the solvent of the aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution is a mixed solution of ethanol and water, and the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 3:1 to 5:1.

[0011] Further, in Step 1, the mass percentage of the solute of the aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution is 0.6 to 1.4%.

[0012] Further, in Step 1, the grafting reaction temperature is 70 to 80 °C, and the reaction time is 1 to 3 minutes.

[0013] Further, in Step 1, the wet weight gain of the polyester fabric is 1 to 3 g / m².

[0014] Further, in Step 2, the mass percentage of copper acetate in the mixed aqueous solution is 0.05 to 0.2%, and the pH value is 9 to 11.

[0015] Further, in Step 2, the mass percentage of cysteine in the mixed aqueous solution is 0.1 to 0.3%.

[0016] Further, in Step 2, the wet weight gain of the polyester fabric is 1 to 3 g / m².

[0017] The Janus polyester fabric of the present invention exhibits dual characteristics of antibacterial and moisture conduction on one side. The principle of its antibacterial function mainly stems from the fact that when copper ions on the surface of the polyester fabric come into contact with bacteria, they can destroy the cell membrane of the bacteria, thereby achieving the effect of eliminating bacteria; while the one-way moisture conduction function is based on the different hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties on both sides of the Janus polyester fabric, forming a wettability gradient, which prompts sweat to be transported from the hydrophobic side to the hydrophilic side along an irreversible direction.

[0018] Advantages of the present invention:

[0019] (1) The Janus polyester fabric can be prepared by a simple fine mist finishing method, realizing both antibacterial and one-way moisture conduction functions at the same time;

[0020] (2) Long-time high-temperature treatment is not required during the preparation process, which can effectively save energy and reduce the waste water discharge;

[0021] (3) Functional substances are only connected to one side surface of the polyester fabric, and the fabric surface in contact with the skin is not treated. This can not only retain the original properties of the polyester fabric but also solve technical problems such as large skin irritation and poor hygienic safety of traditional antibacterial fabrics. Description of the drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the fine mist preparation method of the Janus polyester fabric with one-way moisture conduction and antibacterial functions of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a surface morphology diagram of the original PET.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a surface morphology diagram of PET-APTES (polyester fabric treated with aminopropyltriethoxysilane).

[0025] Figure 4 It is a surface morphology diagram of the Janus-PET fabric (prepared in Example 1).

[0026] Figure 5 It is a water vapor permeability diagram of the original PET, the comparative example, and the polyester fabric prepared in Example 1.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a breaking tensile strength diagram of the original PET, the comparative example, and the polyester fabric prepared in Example 1.

[0028] Figure 7 It is an antibacterial effect diagram of the original PET and the Janus-PET fabric prepared in Example 1 against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Specific embodiments

[0029] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] As Figure 1 shown, in the method for preparing the fine mist of the Janus polyester fabric with unidirectional moisture permeability and antibacterial function according to the present invention, an aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution is sprayed onto one side surface of the polyester fabric by fine mist spraying, and a large number of amino groups are introduced onto one side surface of the polyester fabric by the coupling reaction of aminopropyltriethoxysilane; then a mixed aqueous solution of copper acetate and cysteine is atomized and sprayed onto the same side surface of the polyester fabric, and cysteine is linked through the amidation reaction between cysteine and the amino groups on the fiber surface; finally, the mixed aqueous solution of copper acetate and cysteine is repeatedly sprayed, and the high-density coating of copper ions is realized by the chelation of copper ions and cysteine. The specific steps are as follows:

[0031] Step 1: Spray graft the aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution onto one side surface of the polyester fabric (PET), wash and dry to obtain the aminated / polyester fabric (PET-APTES);

[0032] Step 2: Spray the mixed aqueous solution of copper acetate and cysteine onto the same side surface of the polyester fabric and bake, repeat the above spraying-baking operation three times to obtain the Janus polyester fabric with unidirectional moisture permeability and antibacterial function.

[0033] As Figures 2 - 4 shown, the surface morphologies of the original PET, PET-APTES and Janus-PET fabrics change.

[0034] In Step 1, the solvent of the aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution is a mixed solution of ethanol and water, the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 3:1 to 5:1, the solute mass percentage is 0.6 to 1.4%, the grafting reaction temperature is 70 to 80 °C, and the reaction time is 1 to 3 minutes. The solution spray treatment needs to remove the droplets with a particle size > 10 microns, and control the wet weight gain of the fabric to be 1 to 3 g / m². Experimental data show that when the solute content of aminopropyltriethoxysilane is higher than 1.4%, the air permeability of the polyester fabric significantly decreases. When the solute content of aminopropyltriethoxysilane is less than 0.6%, or the volume ratio of ethanol to water is lower than 3:1, the antibacterial ability of the polyester fabric will decrease. When the reaction temperature is lower than 70 °C or the time is less than 1 minute, the antibacterial ability of the polyester fabric will decrease.

[0035] In the mixed aqueous solution described in Step 2, the mass percentage of copper acetate is 0.05-0.2%, the pH value is 9-11, and the mass percentage of cysteine is 0.1-0.3%. For the spray treatment of the mixed aqueous solution, the droplets with a particle size greater than 10 microns need to be removed, and the wet weight gain of the fabric is controlled to be 1-3 g / m². It can be seen from the experimental data that when the wet weight gain is higher than 3 g / m² or the mass percentage of cysteine is higher than 0.3%, the tensile strength of the polyester fabric decreases. When the wet weight gain is lower than 1 g / m², the mass percentage of cysteine is lower than 0.1% or the mass percentage of copper acetate is lower than 0.1%, the moisture conduction and bactericidal effects of the polyester fabric will be significantly reduced. When the pH is lower than 9 or higher than 11, the antibacterial effect will be reduced. Example 1

[0036] An ethanol and water mixed solution of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane with a mass percentage of 1.4%, the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 4:1, atomized using an air-compressed atomizer, removing droplets with a particle size greater than 10 microns, spraying on one side surface of the polyester fabric, controlling the wet weight gain per square meter to be 1.5 g, heating at 80 °C for 3 minutes, and thoroughly washing and drying.

[0037] Adjust the pH of a cysteine solution with a mass percentage of 0.2% to 10.45 and mix it with a copper acetate solution with a mass percentage of 0.1%, atomize using an air-compressed atomizer, remove droplets with a particle size greater than 10 microns, atomize onto the surface of the above polyester fabric, control the wet weight gain per square meter to be 2.0 g, thoroughly wash and dry, and repeat the above operation three times.

[0038] The antibacterial rates of the obtained Janus polyester fabric against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are 99.96% and 99.98%, and the skin irritation level is low. The water vapor transmission rate of the polyester fabric is 1030 g / m 2 / d, the water absorption rate is 178%, and the tensile strength is 51.0 MPa. The antibacterial efficiency reaches 99.52% and 99.62% after 120 washing cycles or 1000 rubs.

[0039] As Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, the water vapor transmission rates of the original PET, the comparative example, and the polyester fabric prepared in Example 1 are significantly increased, and the breaking tensile strength is increased; as Figure 7 shown, compared with the original PET, the antibacterial effects of the Janus-PET fabric prepared in Example 1 against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are significantly enhanced. Example 2

[0040] An ethanol and water mixed solution of 1.0% aminopropyltriethoxysilane by mass percentage, with an ethanol to water volume ratio of 4:1, is atomized using an air-compressed atomizer. Droplets with a particle size greater than 10 microns are removed, and it is sprayed onto one side surface of the polyester fabric. The wet weight gain per square meter is controlled to be 1.5 grams, heated at 80 °C for 1 minute, and then thoroughly washed and dried.

[0041] The pH of a 0.2% cysteine solution is adjusted to 9.15 and mixed with a 0.1% copper acetate solution. It is atomized using an air-compressed atomizer. Droplets with a particle size greater than 10 microns are removed, and it is atomized onto the surface of the above-mentioned polyester fabric. The wet weight gain per square meter is controlled to be 2.0 grams, thoroughly washed and dried, and the above operation is repeated three times.

[0042] The obtained Janus polyester fabric has antibacterial rates of 94.86% and 95.38% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively, and a low skin irritation level. The water vapor transmission rate of the polyester fabric is 3853 g / m 2 / d, the water absorption rate is 175%, and the tensile strength is 49.2 MPa. The antibacterial efficiency reaches 89.66% and 90.21% after 120 washing cycles or 1000 rubs. Example 3

[0043] An ethanol and water mixed solution of 1.0% aminopropyltriethoxysilane by mass percentage, with an ethanol to water volume ratio of 4:1, is atomized using an air-compressed atomizer. Droplets with a particle size greater than 10 microns are removed, and it is sprayed onto one side surface of the polyester fabric. The wet weight gain per square meter is controlled to be 1.5 grams, heated at 80 °C for 3 minutes, and then thoroughly washed and dried.

[0044] The pH of a 0.3% cysteine solution is adjusted to 10.05 and mixed with a 0.1% copper acetate solution. It is atomized using an air-compressed atomizer. Droplets with a particle size greater than 10 microns are removed, and it is atomized onto the surface of the above-mentioned polyester fabric. The wet weight gain per square meter is controlled to be 2.0 grams, thoroughly washed and dried, and the above operation is repeated three times.

[0045] The obtained Janus polyester fabric has antibacterial rates of 99.96% and 99.97% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively, and a medium skin irritation level. The water vapor transmission rate of the polyester fabric is 4115 g / m 2 / d, the water absorption rate is 180%, and the tensile strength is 52.9 MPa. The antibacterial efficiency reaches 99.63% and 99.71% after 120 washing cycles or 1000 rubs. Example 4

[0046] An ethanol and water mixed solution of 1.0% aminopropyltriethoxysilane by mass percentage, with a volume ratio of ethanol to water of 5:1, is atomized using an air-compressed atomizer. Droplets with a diameter greater than 10 microns are removed, and it is sprayed onto one side surface of the polyester fabric. The wet weight gain per square meter is controlled to be 1.5 grams, heated at 70 °C for 2 minutes, and then thoroughly washed and dried.

[0047] The pH of a 0.2% cysteine solution is adjusted to 10.85 and mixed with a 0.2% copper acetate solution. It is atomized using an air-compressed atomizer. Droplets with a diameter greater than 10 microns are removed, and it is atomized onto the surface of the above-mentioned polyester fabric. The wet weight gain per square meter is controlled to be 2.0 grams, thoroughly washed and dried, and the above operation is repeated three times.

[0048] The obtained Janus polyester fabric has antibacterial rates of 99.98% and 99.99% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and a high skin irritation grade. The water vapor transmission rate of the polyester fabric is 4115 g / m 2 / d, the water absorption rate is 179%, and the tensile strength is 53.1 MPa. The antibacterial efficiency reaches 99.45% and 99.63% after 120 washing cycles or 1000 rubs. Example 5

[0049] An ethanol and water mixed solution of 1.0% aminopropyltriethoxysilane by mass percentage, with a volume ratio of ethanol to water of 3:1, is atomized using an air-compressed atomizer. Droplets with a diameter greater than 10 microns are removed, and it is sprayed onto one side surface of the polyester fabric. The wet weight gain per square meter is controlled to be 1.5 grams, heated at 80 °C for 1 minute, and then thoroughly washed and dried.

[0050] The pH of a 0.2% cysteine solution is adjusted to 9.45 and mixed with a 0.2% copper acetate solution. It is atomized using an air-compressed atomizer. Droplets with a diameter greater than 10 microns are removed, and it is atomized onto the surface of the above-mentioned polyester fabric. The wet weight gain per square meter is controlled to be 2.0 grams, thoroughly washed and dried, and the above operation is repeated three times.

[0051] The obtained Janus polyester fabric has antibacterial rates of 99.99% and 99.99% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and a low skin irritation grade. The water vapor transmission rate of the polyester fabric is 4962 g / m 2 / d, the water absorption rate is 182%, and the tensile strength is 53.2 MPa. The antibacterial efficiency reaches 99.86% and 99.88% after 120 washing cycles or 1000 rubs.

[0052] Comparative Example 1

[0053] An ethanol and water mixed solution containing 1.0% aminopropyltriethoxysilane by mass percentage, with an ethanol to water volume ratio of 4:1, is atomized using an air-compressed atomizer. Droplets with a particle size greater than 10 microns are removed, and it is sprayed onto one side surface of the polyester fabric. The wet weight gain per square meter is controlled to be 1.5 grams, heated at 80 °C for 3 minutes, and then thoroughly washed and dried.

[0054] The obtained aminated / polyester fabric has no obvious killing effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The irritation level to the skin is low. The water vapor transmission rate of the aminated / polyester fabric is 1120 g / m 2 / d, the water absorption rate is 161%, and the tensile strength is 50.1 MPa. It has a water vapor permeability and flexibility similar to those of the original polyester fabric.

[0055] Comparative Example 2

[0056] The pH of a 0.2% cysteine solution is adjusted to 10.45 and mixed with a 0.1% copper acetate solution, then atomized using an air-compressed atomizer. Droplets with a particle size greater than 10 microns are removed, and it is atomized onto one side surface of a clean polyester fabric. The wet weight gain per square meter is controlled to be 2.0 grams, thoroughly washed and dried, and the above operation is repeated three times.

[0057] The antibacterial rates of the obtained antibacterial polyester fabric against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are 50.12% and 52.44% respectively. The irritation level to the skin is medium, but the fabric loses its antibacterial performance after 120 washing cycles or 1000 rubs. The water vapor transmission rate of the polyester fabric is 1152 g / m 2 / d, the water absorption rate is 165%, and the tensile strength is 48.3 MPa.

[0058] Comparative Example 3

[0059] An ethanol and water mixed solution containing 1.8% aminopropyltriethoxysilane by mass percentage, with an ethanol to water volume ratio of 2:1, is atomized using an air-compressed atomizer. Droplets with a particle size greater than 10 microns are removed, and it is sprayed onto one side surface of the polyester fabric. The wet weight gain per square meter is controlled to be 1.5 grams, heated at 80 °C for 3 minutes, and then thoroughly washed and dried.

[0060] The pH of a 0.2% cysteine solution is adjusted to 10.45 and mixed with a 0.1% copper acetate solution, then atomized using an air-compressed atomizer. Droplets with a particle size greater than 10 microns are removed, and it is atomized onto the surface of the above polyester fabric. The wet weight gain per square meter is controlled to be 4.0 grams, thoroughly washed and dried, and the above operation is repeated three times.

[0061] The obtained Janus polyester fabric has antibacterial rates of 63.55% and 65.24% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus respectively, and a low skin irritation level. The water vapor transmission rate of the polyester fabric is 2130 g / m 2 / d, the water absorption rate is 181%, and the tensile strength is 43.2 MPa. The antibacterial efficiency reaches 58.44% and 59.78% after 120 washing cycles or 1000 rubs.

[0062] The preparation conditions and product property characterization results of each example and comparative example are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

[0063] Table 1 Preparation conditions of modified polyester fabrics

[0064]

[0065] Table 2 Product property characterization results

[0066]

[0067] The above-mentioned and those shown in the figures are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these should also be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing fine mist of Janus polyester fabric with unidirectional moisture conduction and antibacterial functions, characterized in that The steps include: Step 1, spraying aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution onto one side surface of polyester fabric, washing and drying to obtain aminated / polyester fabric; during the solution spraying treatment, droplets with a particle size greater than 10 microns are removed; Step 2, spraying a mixed aqueous solution of copper acetate and cysteine ​​onto the same side surface of the polyester fabric and baking, repeating the above spray-baking operation three times in total, to obtain a Janus polyester fabric with unidirectional moisture conduction and antibacterial functions; during the spraying of the mixed aqueous solution, droplets with a particle size greater than 10 microns are removed; The solvent of the aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution in step 1 is a mixed solution of ethanol and water, and the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 3:1 to 5:1; The mass percentage of copper acetate in the mixed aqueous solution in step 2 is 0.05-0.2%, the pH value is 9-11; the mass percentage of cysteine ​​is 0.1-0.3%; The solute mass percentage of the aminopropyltriethoxysilane solution in step 1 is 0.6 to 1.4%; In step 1, the grafting reaction temperature is 70-80°C and the reaction time is 1-3 minutes; The wet weight gain of the polyester fabric in step 1 is 1-3 g / m2; The wet weight gain of the polyester fabric in step 2 is 1-3 g / m2.

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