High-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator air cooler

Abstract

The present invention discloses an air cooler for a steam generator of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor. Among them, an intake header pipe surrounds one end of the steam generator and is used for inputting compressed air; a plurality of jet pipes are arranged along the extension direction of the steam generator and are evenly distributed along the outer circumference of the steam generator. One end of each of the plurality of jet pipes is connected to the intake header pipe and the other end is closed. A plurality of jet holes facing the steam generator are provided along the length direction of each of the plurality of jet pipes. The plurality of jet pipes can undergo telescopic deformation following the telescopic deformation of the steam generator in the length direction. Each of the plurality of jet pipes includes a plurality of pipe segments that are sequentially connected and can be individually disassembled. The present invention has a high heat transfer coefficient, good cooling effect, low corrosivity, high safety, is convenient for in-service inspection of the welds of the steam generator shell, and is applicable to cooling steam generators with and without an external insulation structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to nuclear power boilers and auxiliary equipment such as high-temperature gas-cooled reactor nuclear power plant equipment, and particularly relates to an air cooler for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator. Background Art

[0002] After a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor nuclear power plant triggers an emergency shutdown, it is necessary to cool the steam generator. In the initial stage after shutdown, the temperature inside the steam generator is relatively high, and there is subcooled water, saturated water, and superheated steam. The state and temperature distribution of the working medium are relatively complex. In order to reduce the thermal stress that occurs during the cooling process, it is necessary to first use air to cool the steam generator shell for a long time to allow the steam generator to cool down slowly.

[0003] Currently, for high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generators without an external thermal insulation structure, when performing air cooling, the main technical measure is to introduce ambient air from outside the steam generator compartment. One of its disadvantages is that the air flow organization is rough, the heat transfer coefficient is low, and the surface temperature distribution of the steam generator shell is uneven. Another disadvantage is that the air comes from the environment, contains dust and water vapor, is likely to pollute the compartment environment, and causes corrosion to the steam generator shell. For high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generators with an external thermal insulation structure, direct air cooling cannot be carried out currently, and only natural cooling can be used. One of its disadvantages is that the cooling rate is too slow, affecting the economic efficiency of reactor operation. Another disadvantage is that the temperature of the steam generator shell is not controlled, and locally it may exceed the design temperature, posing a greater safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, an object of the invention is to provide an air cooler for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator, which has a high heat transfer coefficient, good cooling effect, low corrosiveness, high safety, and is convenient for in-service inspection of the steam generator shell welds; it is applicable to cooling steam generators with and without an external thermal insulation structure.

[0005] The air cooler for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator according to an embodiment of the invention includes:

[0006] An intake main pipe, the intake main pipe surrounds one end of the steam generator, and the intake main pipe is used for inputting compressed air;

[0007] Steam jet pipes, there are multiple steam jet pipes, the multiple steam jet pipes are arranged along the extension direction of the steam generator and are evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the steam generator. The multiple steam jet pipes are adjacent to but do not contact the steam generator. One ends of the multiple steam jet pipes are all connected to the air inlet main pipe and the other ends are all closed. Multiple jet holes facing the steam generator are arranged along the length direction of each steam jet pipe. The multiple steam jet pipes can undergo telescopic deformation along their length directions following the telescopic deformation of the steam generator. Each of the multiple steam jet pipes includes multiple pipe segments that are connected in sequence and can be separately disassembled.

[0008] For the air cooler of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator according to the embodiment of the present invention, after the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor makes an emergency stop, compressed air flows into the multiple steam jet pipes through the air inlet main pipe. The compressed air is transported to the jet holes at different positions of the multiple steam jet pipes through the multiple steam jet pipes, and is sprayed from the jet holes at different positions onto different positions on the surface of the steam generator at a short distance, so as to quickly and evenly cool the shell of the steam generator after the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor makes an emergency stop. Since the shell of the steam generator undergoes axial thermal expansion, that is, axial telescopic deformation due to temperature changes, the steam jet pipes are designed to undergo telescopic deformation following the telescopic deformation of the steam generator. Therefore, the steam jet pipes can absorb the axial thermal expansion of the steam generator and compensate for the installation error of the steam jet pipes. The pipe segments of the steam jet pipes can be separately disassembled, that is, the steam jet pipes can be disassembled and assembled in sections. When in-service inspection of the shell weld of the steam generator is carried out, only the pipe segments corresponding to the weld to be inspected can be disassembled, which is convenient for in-service inspection of the weld.

[0009] The advantages of the air cooler of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator according to the embodiment of the present invention are as follows: First, jet cooling is adopted, and the heat transfer coefficient is high, which can quickly and evenly cool the steam generator; second, the compressed air has a higher cleanliness and lower corrosiveness compared to the external air; third, the pressure in the air inlet main pipe and the steam jet pipes is low, and the safety is high; fourth, the steam jet pipes can be disassembled and assembled in sections, which is convenient for in-service inspection of the shell weld of the steam generator; fifth, the flow rate of the compressed air can be adjusted, and the flow rate of the compressed air can be adjusted according to the cooling requirements of the steam generator to achieve a good cooling effect; sixth, the air cooler of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator according to the embodiment of the present invention is applicable to cooling the steam generator with and without an external thermal insulation structure.

[0010] In some embodiments, the density of the arrangement of the multiple jet holes on each steam jet pipe in the axial direction of the steam jet pipe corresponds to the temperature level of different parts of the steam generator.

[0011] In some embodiments, the axis of the jet pipe is parallel to the axis of the steam generator, and the plurality of jet holes on each jet pipe are symmetric with respect to the plane determined by the axis of the jet pipe and the axis of the steam generator.

[0012] In some embodiments, two adjacent pipe segments are detachably connected by a first expansion joint.

[0013] In some embodiments, one ends of the plurality of jet pipes are respectively detachably connected to the intake header pipe through second expansion joints.

[0014] In some embodiments, each pipe segment is detachably fixed to the steam generator by a fixing device.

[0015] In some embodiments, the fixing device includes a pre-embedded part, a first fixing part and a second fixing part. The pre-embedded part is fixed on the steam generator, the first fixing part is fixed to the pre-embedded part, the second fixing part is fixed to the steam generator, and the first fixing part and the second fixing part jointly and detachably fix the pipe segment.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first fixing part is a first fixing plate, the second fixing part is a second fixing plate. A first notch groove is provided on one side of the first fixing plate, and a second notch groove is provided on the second fixing plate. The first notch groove and the second notch groove clamp the pipe segment from opposite sides of the pipe segment, and the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate overlap vertically and are detachably fixed.

[0017] In some embodiments, the other ends of the plurality of jet pipes are sealed by blind plates.

[0018] In some embodiments, the steam generator has an external thermal insulation structure or a chamber wall; the air cooler of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator further includes an exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe penetrates the external thermal insulation structure or the chamber wall.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and be readily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the air cooler of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the jet holes of a single jet pipe of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is Figure 1 The enlarged schematic view of part A in

[0024] Figure 4 The schematic view of the first fixing member of the fixing device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 The schematic view of the second fixing member of the fixing device of the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals:

[0027] Steam generator 1; external heat insulation structure 101; intake main pipe 2; jet pipe 3; pipe section 301; first expansion joint 302; second expansion joint 303; jet hole 304; fixing device 4; embedded part 401; first fixing member 402; second fixing member 403; first notch groove 4021; second notch groove 4031; exhaust pipe 5. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0029] Below in conjunction with Figures 1 to 5 to describe the air cooler of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the air cooler of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator according to the embodiments of the present invention includes an intake main pipe 2 and a jet pipe 3.

[0031] Among them, the intake main pipe 2 surrounds one end of the steam generator 1. For example, the intake main pipe 2 surrounds the lower end or the upper end of the steam generator 1. Figure 1 The intake main pipe 2 surrounding the lower end of the steam generator 1 is shown in the figure; the intake main pipe 2 is used to input compressed air. Compared with the external air, the compressed air has good cleanliness and low corrosiveness. The flow rate of the compressed air in the intake main pipe 2 is adjustable, and the pressure is close to normal pressure, that is, the pressure in the pipelines (intake main pipe 2 and jet pipe 3) is low and the safety is high.

[0032] There are multiple jet pipes 3. For example, the number of jet pipes 3 can be 30 to 40. The multiple jet pipes 3 are in the same direction as the extension direction of the steam generator 1. For example, both the jet pipes 3 and the steam generator 1 are vertical. The multiple jet pipes 3 are evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the steam generator 1, and the multiple jet pipes 3 are adjacent to but not in contact with the steam generator 1 (asFigure 2 As shown in the figure, one end of each of the multiple jet pipes 3 is connected to the air inlet main pipe 2 and the other end is closed. Along the length direction of each jet pipe 3, a plurality of jet holes 304 facing the steam generator 1 are provided (such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure), in this way, the compressed air is distributed through the air inlet main pipe 2 into the multiple jet pipes 3, and the compressed air is transported to the jet holes 304 at different positions of the multiple jet pipes 3 through the multiple jet pipes 3, and is sprayed from the jet holes 304 at different positions onto different positions on the surface of the steam generator 1 at a short distance, so as to quickly and evenly cool the shell of the steam generator 1 after the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is suddenly stopped. The multiple jet pipes 3 can undergo telescopic deformation along the length direction following the telescopic deformation of the steam generator 1, so that the axial thermal expansion of the steam generator 1 caused by temperature change can be absorbed, and the installation error of the jet pipes 3 can be compensated. Each of the multiple jet pipes 3 includes a plurality of pipe segments 301 connected in sequence and capable of being separately disassembled, that is, the pipe segments 301 can be conveniently disassembled separately from the entire jet pipe 3. In this way, when in-service inspection of the shell weld of the steam generator 1 is carried out, only the pipe segment 301 corresponding to the weld to be inspected can be disassembled, which is convenient for in-service inspection of the weld.

[0033] For the air cooler of the steam generator of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor according to the embodiment of the present invention, after the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is suddenly stopped, the compressed air flows into the multiple jet pipes 3 through the air inlet main pipe 2. The compressed air is transported to the jet holes 304 at different positions of the multiple jet pipes 3 through the multiple jet pipes 3, and is sprayed from the jet holes 304 at different positions onto different positions on the surface of the steam generator 1 at a short distance, so as to quickly and evenly cool the shell of the steam generator 1 after the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is suddenly stopped. Since the shell of the steam generator 1 undergoes axial thermal expansion, that is, axial telescopic deformation due to temperature change, the jet pipes 3 are designed to be able to undergo telescopic deformation following the telescopic deformation of the steam generator 1. Therefore, the jet pipes 3 can absorb the axial thermal expansion of the steam generator 1 and compensate for the installation error of the jet pipes 3. The pipe segments 301 of the jet pipes 3 can be separately disassembled, and the jet pipes 3 can be disassembled and assembled in sections. When in-service inspection of the shell weld of the steam generator 1 is carried out, only the pipe segment 301 corresponding to the weld to be inspected can be disassembled, which is convenient for in-service inspection of the weld.

[0034] The advantages of the air cooler of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator in the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: First, jet cooling is adopted, with a high heat transfer coefficient, which can quickly and uniformly cool the steam generator 1; second, the compressed air has a higher cleanliness and lower corrosiveness compared to the external air; third, the pressures in the intake main pipe 2 and the jet pipe 3 are low, with high safety; fourth, the jet pipe 3 can be disassembled and assembled in sections, facilitating the in-service inspection of the welds of the shell of the steam generator 1; fifth, the flow rate of the compressed air can be adjusted, and the flow rate of the compressed air can be adjusted according to the cooling requirements of the steam generator 1 to achieve a good cooling effect; sixth, the air cooler of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator in the embodiments of the present invention is applicable to cooling the steam generator 1 with and without the external thermal insulation structure 101.

[0035] In some embodiments, the density of the arrangement of the multiple jet holes 304 on each jet pipe 3 in the axial direction of the jet pipe 3 corresponds to the temperature level of different parts of the steam generator 1. At the position where the temperature of the steam generator 1 is relatively high, the arrangement density of the jet holes 304 is dense, while at the position where the temperature of the steam generator 1 is relatively low, the arrangement density of the jet holes 304 is sparse. This is because after the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is scrammed, the surface temperature distribution of the steam generator 1 is uneven, with some parts having a relatively high temperature and some parts having a relatively low temperature. For example, as Figure 1 shown, after the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is scrammed, the metal structure in the upper part of the steam generator 1 has a relatively higher temperature than that in the lower part. Therefore, the arrangement density of the jet holes 304 at the metal structure in the upper part of the steam generator 1 is denser, and at the lower part of the steam generator 1, the arrangement density of the jet holes 304 is relatively sparser, so as to control the cooling rate of different positions of the steam generator 1 and achieve a better cooling effect.

[0036] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the axis of the jet pipe 3 is parallel to the axis of the steam generator 1, and the multiple jet holes 304 on each jet pipe 3 are symmetric with respect to the plane determined by the axis of the jet pipe 3 and the axis of the steam generator 1. For example, the multiple jet holes 304 on each jet pipe 3 are arranged in an even number of columns, so that the steam generator 1 can achieve a better cooling effect.

[0037] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, two adjacent pipe segments 301 are detachably connected by a first expansion joint 302. Specifically, the connection between the first expansion joint 302 and the pipe segment 301 can adopt a threaded connection or a flange connection, which is convenient for assembly and disassembly. The first expansion joint 302 can adopt a bellows, which can enable the jet pipe 3 to expand and contract with the expansion and contraction deformation of the steam generator 1, absorb the axial thermal expansion of the steam generator 1, and compensate for the installation error of the jet pipe 3.

[0038] In some embodiments, as Figure 1As shown, one end of each of the multiple jet pipes 3 is detachably connected to the intake main pipe 2 through a second expansion joint 303. Specifically, the second expansion joint 303 can be a bellows pipe. The second expansion joint 303 can be connected to the pipe section 301 and the intake main pipe 2 by means of threaded connection or flange connection, which is convenient for assembly and disassembly. The second expansion joint 303 can be a bellows pipe, which can absorb the axial thermal expansion of the steam generator 1, compensate for the installation error of the jet pipe 3, and also facilitate the installation between the jet pipe 3 and the intake main pipe 2.

[0039] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 shown, each pipe section 301 is detachably fixed to the steam generator 1 through a fixing device 4, which is convenient for the separate disassembly of the pipe section 301, and thus convenient for the in-service inspection of the weld of the steam generator 1.

[0040] In some embodiments, as Figures 3 to 5 shown, the fixing device 4 includes an embedded part 401, a first fixing part 402 and a second fixing part 403. The embedded part 401 is fixed on the steam generator 1, the first fixing part 402 is fixed to the embedded part 401, and the second fixing part 403 is fixed to the steam generator 1. The first fixing part 402 and the second fixing part 403 jointly and detachably fix the pipe section 301. The fixing device 4 has a simple structure, which is convenient for the separate disassembly of the pipe section 301, and thus convenient for the in-service inspection of the weld of the steam generator 1.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first fixing part 402 is a first fixing plate, and the second fixing part 403 is a second fixing plate. A first notch groove 4021 is provided on one side of the first fixing plate, and a second notch groove 4031 is provided on the second fixing plate. The first notch groove 4021 and the second notch groove 4031 clamp the pipe section 301 from opposite sides of the pipe section 301, and the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate overlap up and down and are detachably fixed, for example, by bolts. The fixing device 4 has a simple structure, which is convenient for the separate disassembly of the pipe section 301, and thus convenient for the in-service inspection of the weld of the steam generator 1.

[0042] In some embodiments, the other ends of the multiple jet pipes 3 are all sealed by blind plates to prevent the compressed air from spraying out from the other ends of the multiple jet pipes 3.

[0043] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 shown, the steam generator 1 has an external thermal insulation structure 101 or a cabin wall; the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator air cooler further includes an exhaust pipe 5, and the exhaust pipe 5 penetrates the external thermal insulation structure 101 or the cabin wall to discharge the heated air. Specifically, the exhaust pipe 5 is arranged at one end far from the intake main pipe 2, so that the heated air can be discharged better.

[0044] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0045] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator air cooler, characterized in that: include: An air intake main pipe, which surrounds one end of the steam generator and is used to input compressed air; The plurality of jet pipes are provided, the plurality of jet pipes are in the same extension direction as the steam generator and are uniformly distributed along the periphery of the steam generator, the plurality of jet pipes are adjacent to the steam generator but not in contact with it, one end of the plurality of jet pipes is connected to the air intake main pipe and the other end is closed, the plurality of jet pipes are provided with a plurality of jet holes facing the steam generator along their length direction, the plurality of jet pipes can follow the expansion and contraction deformation of the steam generator in the length direction and undergo expansion and contraction deformation, and the plurality of jet pipes include a plurality of pipe sections that are connected in sequence and can be removed separately; each of the pipe sections is detachably fixed to the steam generator by a fixing device.

2. The high temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator air cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The density of arrangement of the plurality of injection holes on each injection pipe in the axial direction of the injection pipe corresponds to the temperature of different parts of the steam generator.

3. The high temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator air cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the injection pipe is parallel to the axis of the steam generator, and the plurality of injection holes on each of the injection pipes are symmetrical relative to a plane defined by the axis of the injection pipe and the axis of the steam generator.

4. The high temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator air cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two adjacent pipe sections are detachably connected via a first expansion joint.

5. The high temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator air cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of each of the plurality of injection pipes is detachably connected to the intake main pipe via a second expansion joint.

6. The high temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator air cooler according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixing device comprises an embedded part, a first fixing part and a second fixing part. The embedded part is fixed on the steam generator, the first fixing part is fixed to the embedded part, the second fixing part is fixed to the steam generator, and the first fixing part and the second fixing part can detachably fix the pipe section together.

7. The high temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator air cooler according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first fixing member is a first fixing plate, and the second fixing member is a second fixing plate. A first notch groove is provided on one side of the first fixing plate, and a second notch groove is provided on the second fixing plate. The first notch groove and the second notch groove clamp the pipe section from opposite sides of the pipe section, and the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate overlap each other up and down and are detachably fixed.

8. The high temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator air cooler according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The other ends of the plurality of air injection pipes are sealed by blind plates.

9. The high temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator air cooler according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steam generator has an external insulation structure or a cabin wall; the high temperature gas-cooled reactor steam generator air cooler also includes an exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe penetrates the external insulation structure or the cabin wall.

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