Water management method, device and system for membrane electrode

Abstract

The present application discloses a membrane electrode water management method, device, and system, which are applied to the field of fuel cell technology. The method includes: obtaining the current current density of the membrane electrode to be tested and the current amplitude of the bubbling sound in the membrane electrode to be tested; determining the reference amplitude corresponding to the current current density based on a preset reference curve, wherein the preset reference curve is used to characterize the correspondence between the current density and the amplitude of the bubbling sound in the membrane electrode to be tested when the membrane electrode to be tested is not flooded; and determining whether the membrane electrode to be tested is flooded based on the difference between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude. The amplitude of the bubbling sound and the preset reference curve are used to realize real-time monitoring of whether the membrane electrode is flooded, so as to provide a timely warning of flooding and avoid irreversible damage to the membrane electrode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular relates to a membrane electrode water management method, device and system. Background Art

[0002] Fuel cells convert chemical energy into electrical energy through a hydrogen-oxygen reaction, with water as a byproduct. This significantly reduces carbon dioxide emissions and dependence on fossil fuels, leading to their widespread use in vehicles. Fuel cells consist of membrane electrode systems (MEAs) and bipolar plates (BPPs). Water management in the MEAs plays a crucial role in fuel cell lifespan and performance. Too little water reduces the proton conductivity of the proton exchange membrane, while too much water can flood the fuel cell, leading to problems such as gas starvation and polarity reversal, which can seriously damage the fuel cell.

[0003] Currently, in the actual use and testing of fuel cells, it is not possible to directly monitor the water content of the membrane electrode in real time. This makes it difficult to detect localized flooding, which can easily cause irreversible damage to the membrane electrode. Therefore, how to promptly determine whether the membrane electrode is flooded is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a membrane electrode water management method, device and system, which can timely determine whether the membrane electrode is flooded, at least to a certain extent, to avoid irreversible damage to the membrane electrode.

[0005] Other features and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part by practice of the present application.

[0006] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a water management method for a membrane electrode is provided, comprising:

[0007] Acquiring the current current density of the membrane electrode to be measured and the current amplitude of the bubbling sound in the membrane electrode to be measured;

[0008] Determining a reference amplitude corresponding to the current density according to a preset reference curve, wherein the preset reference curve is used to represent the corresponding relationship between the current density and the amplitude of the bubbling sound in the test membrane electrode when the test membrane electrode is not flooded;

[0009] Whether the membrane electrode to be tested is flooded is determined according to the difference between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude.

[0010] In some embodiments, determining whether the membrane electrode to be tested is flooded according to the difference between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude includes:

[0011] When the difference between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude is within a first preset range, determining that the membrane electrode to be tested is not flooded;

[0012] When the difference between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude is within a second preset range, determining that the membrane electrode to be tested is partially flooded;

[0013] When the difference between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude is within a third preset range, it is determined that the membrane electrode to be tested is completely flooded, wherein the upper limit value of the first preset range, the upper limit value of the second preset range and the upper limit value of the third preset range increase sequentially.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first preset range is less than 10%, the second preset range is 10-30%, and the third preset range is greater than 30%.

[0015] In some embodiments, before determining the reference amplitude corresponding to the current current density according to a preset reference curve, the water management method further includes:

[0016] Performing current density loading on the test membrane electrode under a preset humidity, and recording the amplitude of the bubbling sound in the test membrane electrode under different current densities, wherein the preset humidity is between 0 and 30%;

[0017] The preset reference curve is constructed according to the amplitude of the bubbling sound in the test membrane electrode under the different current densities.

[0018] In some embodiments, the step of applying a current density load to the test membrane electrode under a preset humidity comprises:

[0019] Under the preset humidity, the temperature and back pressure of the test membrane electrode are controlled to be constant, and the test membrane electrode is subjected to current density loading.

[0020] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a membrane electrode water management device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer program instructions that can be executed by the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program instructions, the steps of the method described in any one of the first aspects above are implemented.

[0021] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a membrane electrode water management system is provided, comprising: acoustic wax, a sound sensor, a preamplifier, an amplifier, a data acquisition card, and the membrane electrode water management device described above; wherein,

[0022] The sound sensor is connected to the membrane electrode through the sound-conducting wax;

[0023] The sound sensor, preamplifier, amplifier, data acquisition card and membrane electrode water management equipment are connected in sequence.

[0024] In some embodiments, the sound sensor is disposed on top of the cathode side flow field of the fuel cell where the membrane electrode is located.

[0025] In some embodiments, the bandwidth of the preamplifier ranges from 20 kHz to 5 MHz.

[0026] In some embodiments, the membrane electrode water management device is further used to acquire the bubbling sound collected by the data acquisition card, and perform fast Fourier transform on the bubbling sound to obtain the amplitude of the bubbling sound.

[0027] In this application, the current current density of the membrane electrode to be tested and the current amplitude of the bubbling sound within the membrane electrode to be tested are obtained; a reference amplitude corresponding to the current current density is determined based on a preset reference curve, wherein the preset reference curve is used to represent the corresponding relationship between the current density and the amplitude of the bubbling sound within the membrane electrode to be tested when the membrane electrode to be tested is not flooded; and whether the membrane electrode to be tested is flooded is determined based on the difference between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude. The use of the amplitude of the bubbling sound and the preset reference curve enables real-time monitoring of whether the membrane electrode is flooded, thereby providing a timely warning of flooding and avoiding irreversible damage to the membrane electrode.

[0028] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification, illustrating embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the specification, explaining the principles of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a water management method for a membrane electrode in one embodiment is shown;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a water management system for a membrane electrode in one embodiment is shown;

[0032] Figure 3 Shown Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a preset reference curve;

[0033] Figure 4A schematic structural diagram of a water management device for a membrane electrode in one embodiment is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] In addition, described feature, structure or characteristic can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner.In the following description, many specific details are provided so as to provide a full understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the technical scheme of the present application can be put into practice without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, devices, steps etc. can be adopted. In other cases, known methods, devices, implementations or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid blurring the various aspects of the application.

[0036] The block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are merely functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically separate entities. That is, these functional entities may be implemented in software, in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0037] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and do not necessarily include all contents and operations / steps, nor must they be executed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps may be decomposed, while others may be combined or partially combined. Therefore, the actual execution order may vary depending on the actual situation.

[0038] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the application scenarios involved in the present application are first briefly described.

[0039] The membrane electrode, consisting of a proton exchange membrane, a catalyst layer, and a gas diffusion layer, is the core of the fuel cell, providing an efficient and stable environment for the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen. The accumulation of water in the membrane electrode is the result of electroosmotic resistance and reverse diffusion. Electroosmotic resistance occurs when protons carry water droplets from the anode to the cathode across the proton exchange membrane. Due to the water concentration gradient between the cathode and anode, reverse diffusion occurs, causing water droplets to move from the cathode to the anode. Both electroosmotic resistance and reverse diffusion are key factors in determining current density. Balancing these two factors at different current densities and controlling the overall water content in the fuel cell's membrane electrode through external conditions such as humidity and temperature are crucial for proper water management.

[0040] In the current actual use and testing of fuel cells, it is not possible to directly monitor the water content of the membrane electrode in the fuel cell in real time. It is difficult to detect local flooding in time, which can easily cause irreversible damage to the membrane electrode.

[0041] In the present application, the inventors took into account that the chemical reactions occurring in the fuel cell are accompanied by energy transfer, and some of the energy will be converted into acoustic signals. One possible source of sound is the oscillation and friction between bubbles generated by the electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to form water on the cathode side. The rate of bubble formation is closely related to the speed of the chemical reaction. A rapid chemical reaction will lead to a high rate of bubble formation accompanied by rapid generation of bubbles, causing oscillation and friction between bubbles, thereby increasing the decibel level. Based on this, the inventors simulated and verified the connection between the sound signal of the bubbles and the membrane electrode water management, and concluded that the sound signal of the bubbles can accurately reflect the flooding situation in the membrane electrode, and based on this, designed the membrane electrode water management method of the present application.

[0042] During model simulation, it can be assumed that the membrane electrode's catalyst layer and membrane are at the same temperature. The membrane conductivity can then be calculated based on the water content of the catalyst layer, which can be calculated based on the partial pressure of water vapor and the saturated water vapor pressure. The amount of water accumulated at the cathode relative to the anode can be calculated based on the membrane thickness and the electroosmotic drag coefficient, and the water content in the membrane can be calculated based on the water activity in the channel beneath the anode. The primary source of the acoustic signal is the oscillation of the bubbles and the friction between them. The frequency of the acoustic signal can be calculated based on parameters such as the radius of the bubbles generated by the reaction. By inputting the calculation formulas for membrane conductivity, the water content of the catalyst layer, the amount of water accumulated at the cathode relative to the anode, the water content in the membrane, and the frequency of the acoustic signal into the simulation software for model simulation, the connection between the acoustic signal of the bubbles and the membrane electrode water management can be determined.

[0043] This application innovatively uses the amplitude of water bubble sound to manage the water of the membrane electrode, realizing real-time monitoring of whether the membrane electrode is flooded, so as to provide timely warning of flooding and avoid irreversible damage to the membrane electrode.

[0044] Figure 1 FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a water management method for a membrane electrode in one embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the membrane electrode water management method may include the following steps 101 to 103.

[0045] In step 101, the current current density of the membrane electrode to be measured and the current amplitude of the bubbling sound in the membrane electrode to be measured are obtained.

[0046] Figure 2 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a water management system for a membrane electrode in one embodiment. Figure 2 As shown, the water management system of the membrane electrode may include: sound-conducting wax 10, sound sensor 20, preamplifier 30, amplifier 40, data acquisition card 50 and membrane electrode water management equipment 60; wherein, the sound sensor 20 is connected to the membrane electrode through the sound-conducting wax 10; the sound sensor 20, preamplifier 30, amplifier 40, data acquisition card 50 and membrane electrode water management equipment 60 are connected in sequence.

[0047] The membrane electrode water management method of the present application can be applied to the membrane electrode water management device 60. The membrane electrode water management device 60 can obtain the current current density of the membrane electrode to be tested and the current amplitude of the water bubble sound in the membrane electrode to be tested in various ways, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0048] In some embodiments, the acoustic sensor 20 is disposed on top of the cathode-side flow field of the fuel cell where the membrane electrode is located.

[0049] By placing the acoustic sensor at the top of the cathode side flow field, it can be as close to the bubble sound source as possible, reducing noise interference. The acoustic wax 10 is generally a mixture of fatty acid salts, which plays a role in supporting the acoustic sensor 20 and providing the necessary acoustic coupling.

[0050] In some embodiments, the bandwidth of the preamplifier 30 ranges from 20 kHz to 5 MHz.

[0051] It should be noted that, since the sound spectrum generated by the reaction is generally in the range of 20 kHz to 1 MHz, selecting a preamplifier with the above bandwidth range can not only process all sound frequencies from the sound sensor 20 but also avoid other interference from the environment.

[0052] In some embodiments, the gain of the amplifier 40 can be switched in a range of 0 to 40 dB with a step size of 1 dB, and the sampling interval of the data acquisition card 50 can be 200 ns.

[0053] In some embodiments, the membrane electrode water management device 60 is further used to obtain the bubbling sound collected by the data acquisition card 50 and perform fast Fourier transform on the bubbling sound to obtain the amplitude of the bubbling sound.

[0054] It is understandable that the sound of bubbling water is a time domain signal. The sound of bubbling water can be converted into a frequency domain signal using fast Fourier transform and then data analysis can be performed to obtain the corresponding frequency and amplitude.

[0055] In step 102, a reference amplitude corresponding to the current current density is determined according to a preset reference curve, wherein the preset reference curve is used to characterize the correspondence between the current density and the amplitude of the bubbling sound in the test membrane electrode when the test membrane electrode is not flooded.

[0056] It can be understood that the test membrane electrode can be a membrane electrode made of the same material and of the same model as the membrane electrode to be tested.

[0057] Figure 3 Shown Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the preset reference curve in . Figure 3 The health curve is a preset reference curve that can be obtained by testing the test membrane electrode without being flooded.

[0058] It should be understood that when the material of the test membrane electrode changes, or the test environment (such as current density, humidity, temperature and back pressure) changes, the preset reference curve will also change. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific trajectory of the preset reference curve.

[0059] In some embodiments, the test membrane electrode is subjected to current density loading under a preset humidity, and the amplitude of the bubbling sound in the test membrane electrode at different current densities is recorded, wherein the preset humidity is between 0 and 30%; a preset reference curve is constructed based on the amplitude of the bubbling sound in the test membrane electrode at different current densities.

[0060] It should be noted that the preset humidification is low humidification, and the value of low humidification can be between 0 and 30%. This can avoid the membrane electrode being flooded under high current density and ensure that the signal taken is not interfered by the flooding signal.

[0061] During the implementation process, in addition to limiting the humidity, the temperature and back pressure of the test membrane electrode can also be limited. That is, under the preset humidity, the temperature and back pressure of the test membrane electrode are controlled to be constant, and the current density is pulled on the test membrane electrode.

[0062] Understandably, when a fuel cell is operating normally, hydrogen flows from the fuel cell to the air circuit, and backpressure refers to the flow resistance that hydrogen must overcome during this process. By maintaining constant temperature and backpressure during the test membrane electrode, the frequency of the bubbling sound produced by the reaction can be kept consistent, facilitating comparison of the amplitude at that frequency.

[0063] In the implementation process, the raw materials can be used: TKK E50E catalyst, SGL22BB gas diffusion layer, and GORE M788.12 proton exchange membrane to prepare a test membrane electrode with an active area of ​​25cm 2 , the cathode Pt loading is 0.4 mg / cm 2 , the anode loading is 0.1 mg / cm 2 , and loaded it onto a graphite fixture for power generation performance testing.

[0064] Under the conditions of maintaining the temperature of the test membrane electrode at 80°C, the back pressure of the cathode and anode at 150kPa / 150kPa, and the humidity of the cathode and anode at 30% / 30%, the test membrane electrode was subjected to current density loading to make it work at different current densities (0, 500, 1000, 2000, 2500mA / cm 2 ) was tested to monitor the changes in the bubbling sound at different current densities. After fast Fourier transform, the results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0065] Table 1

[0066] <![CDATA[Current density - 30% RH / (mA / cm 2 )]]> Characteristic frequency / kHz Amplitude / mV Whether the voltage fluctuates (whether it is flooded) 0 538 340 no 500 538 418 no 1000 538 434 no 2000 538 496 no 2500 538 520 no

[0067] By matching the current density and amplitude in Table 1 one by one and connecting them, we can get the following: Figure 2 The health curve shown in .

[0068] In step 103, it is determined whether the membrane electrode to be tested is flooded according to the difference between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude.

[0069] In some embodiments, when the difference between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude is within a first preset range, the membrane electrode to be tested can be determined to be partially flooded; when the difference between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude is within a second preset range, the membrane electrode to be tested can be determined to be completely flooded; when the difference between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude is within a third preset range, the membrane electrode to be tested can be determined to be completely flooded, wherein the upper limit value of the first preset range, the upper limit value of the second preset range, and the upper limit value of the third preset range increase sequentially.

[0070] It is understood that by setting different preset ranges, the water flooding conditions in the membrane electrode to be tested can be differentiated. Specifically, the first preset range can be less than 10%, the second preset range can be 10-30%, and the third preset range can be greater than 30%.

[0071] To verify the water management method of the membrane electrode of the present application, during the test process, the humidity can be changed to 100% to simulate the flooding phenomenon of the test membrane electrode under high current density. The same temperature and back pressure are maintained, and the changes in the bubbling sound of the test membrane electrode are monitored. After fast Fourier transform, the results are shown in Table 2 below:

[0072] Table 2

[0073] <![CDATA[Current density - 100% RH (mA / cm 2 )]]> characteristic frequency amplitude difference / % Whether the voltage fluctuates (whether it is flooded) 0 538 348 2.4 no 500 538 455 8.9 no 1000 538 463 6.7 no 2000 538 346 30.2 yes 2500 538 312 40.0 yes

[0074] By matching the current density and amplitude in Table 2 one by one and connecting them, we can get the following: Figure 2 The high humidity curve shown in .

[0075] Comparing these two curves reveals that under the same temperature and back pressure, the characteristic frequency of the bubbling sound produced by the electrochemical reaction remains the same. When the membrane electrode is not submerged in water, as the current density increases, the bubbling rate and friction intensify, and the amplitude corresponding to the characteristic frequency increases.

[0076] By increasing the humidity, the water generated at high current density cannot be removed in time to simulate the flooding situation. 2 Under the current density of , the amplitude corresponding to the characteristic frequency differs by more than 30% from that of the "healthy curve". The membrane electrode was tested and obvious water flooding was found, which illustrates the effectiveness of the water management method of the membrane electrode of the present application.

[0077] The embodiment of the present application obtains the current current density of the membrane electrode to be tested and the current amplitude of the bubbling sound within the membrane electrode to be tested; determines the reference amplitude corresponding to the current current density based on a preset reference curve, wherein the preset reference curve is used to represent the corresponding relationship between the current density and the amplitude of the bubbling sound within the membrane electrode to be tested when the membrane electrode to be tested is not flooded; and determines whether the membrane electrode to be tested is flooded based on the difference between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude. The use of the amplitude of the bubbling sound and the preset reference curve enables real-time monitoring of whether the membrane electrode is flooded, thereby providing a timely warning of flooding and avoiding irreversible damage to the membrane electrode.

[0078] The following describes an embodiment of the device of the present application, which can be used to implement the water management method of the membrane electrode in the above embodiment of the present application. For details not disclosed in the embodiment of the device of the present application, please refer to the embodiment of the water management method of the membrane electrode in the above embodiment of the present application.

[0079] The water management device of the membrane electrode of the embodiment of the present application may include: a data acquisition module, an amplitude determination module and a flooding judgment module, wherein the data acquisition module is used to obtain the current current density of the membrane electrode to be tested and the current amplitude of the bubbling sound in the membrane electrode to be tested; the amplitude determination module is used to determine the reference amplitude corresponding to the current current density according to a preset reference curve, wherein the preset reference curve is used to characterize the correspondence between the current density and the amplitude of the bubbling sound in the test membrane electrode when the test membrane electrode is not flooded; the flooding judgment module is used to determine whether the membrane electrode to be tested is flooded according to the difference between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude.

[0080] In some embodiments, the flooding judgment module can also be used to determine that the membrane electrode to be tested is not flooded when the difference value between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude is within a first preset range; determine that the membrane electrode to be tested is partially flooded when the difference value between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude is within a second preset range; and determine that the membrane electrode to be tested is completely flooded when the difference value between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude is within a third preset range, wherein the upper limit value of the first preset range, the upper limit value of the second preset range, and the upper limit value of the third preset range increase sequentially.

[0081] In some embodiments, the first preset range is less than 10%, the second preset range is 10-30%, and the third preset range is greater than 30%.

[0082] In some embodiments, the amplitude determination module can also be used to perform current density loading on the test membrane electrode under a preset humidity, and record the amplitude of the bubbling sound in the test membrane electrode under different current densities, wherein the preset humidity is between 0 and 30%; and construct the preset reference curve based on the amplitude of the bubbling sound in the test membrane electrode under the different current densities.

[0083] In some embodiments, the amplitude determination module may also be configured to control the temperature and back pressure of the test membrane electrode to be constant under the preset humidity, and to perform current density loading on the test membrane electrode.

[0084] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a water management device for a membrane electrode, referring to Figure 4, shows a structural schematic diagram of the membrane electrode water management device in an embodiment of the present application, the membrane electrode water management device includes one or more memories 404, one or more processors 402 and at least one computer program (computer program instruction) stored in the memory 404 and executable on the processor 402, and the processor 402 implements the method described above when executing the computer program.

[0085] Among them, Figure 4 In the embodiment of the present invention, a bus architecture (represented by bus 400) is shown. Bus 400 may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, and bus 400 links together various circuits including one or more processors represented by processor 402 and memory represented by memory 404. Bus 400 may also link together various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be described further herein. Bus interface 405 provides an interface between bus 400 and receiver 401 and transmitter 403. Receiver 401 and transmitter 403 may be the same component, namely a transceiver, which provides a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. Processor 402 is responsible for managing bus 400 and general processing, while memory 404 may be used to store data used by processor 402 when performing operations.

[0086] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application provides a membrane electrode water management system, comprising: sound-conducting wax, a sound sensor, a preamplifier, an amplifier, a data acquisition card and the above-mentioned membrane electrode water management equipment; wherein, the sound sensor is connected to the membrane electrode through the sound-conducting wax; the sound sensor, preamplifier, amplifier, data acquisition card and the membrane electrode water management equipment are connected in sequence.

[0087] In some embodiments, the sound sensor is disposed on top of the cathode side flow field of the fuel cell where the membrane electrode is located.

[0088] In some embodiments, the bandwidth of the preamplifier ranges from 20 kHz to 5 MHz.

[0089] In some embodiments, the membrane electrode water management device is further used to acquire the bubbling sound collected by the data acquisition card, and perform fast Fourier transform on the bubbling sound to obtain the amplitude of the bubbling sound.

[0090] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer program instructions are stored. When the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the processor is prompted to implement the steps of the method as described above.

[0091] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as one or more instructions or codes on or transmitted via a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope and spirit of this application and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described above may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or a combination of any of these. Furthermore, the functional units may be integrated into a single processing unit, each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit.

[0092] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. Among them, the device embodiments described above are only exemplary. For example, the division of the units can be a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of units or modules, which can be electrical or other forms.

[0093] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components of the control device may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0094] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or optical disk, etc. Various media that can store computer program instructions.

[0095] The foregoing is merely an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations are possible for those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A water management method for a membrane electrode, characterized in that: include: Acquiring the current current density of the membrane electrode to be measured and the current amplitude of the bubbling sound in the membrane electrode to be measured; Determining a reference amplitude corresponding to the current density according to a preset reference curve, wherein the preset reference curve is used to represent the corresponding relationship between the current density and the amplitude of the bubbling sound in the test membrane electrode when the test membrane electrode is not flooded; Whether the membrane electrode to be tested is flooded is determined according to the difference between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude.

2. The water management method of the membrane electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining whether the membrane electrode to be tested is flooded according to the difference between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude includes: When the difference between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude is within a first preset range, determining that the membrane electrode to be tested is not flooded; When the difference between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude is within a second preset range, determining that the membrane electrode to be tested is partially flooded; When the difference between the current amplitude and the reference amplitude is within a third preset range, it is determined that the membrane electrode to be tested is completely flooded, wherein the upper limit value of the first preset range, the upper limit value of the second preset range and the upper limit value of the third preset range increase sequentially.

3. The water management method of the membrane electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first preset range is less than 10%, the second preset range is 10-30%, and the third preset range is greater than 30%.

4. The water management method of the membrane electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that: Before determining the reference amplitude corresponding to the current current density according to the preset reference curve, the water management method further includes: Performing current density loading on the test membrane electrode under a preset humidity, and recording the amplitude of the bubbling sound in the test membrane electrode under different current densities, wherein the preset humidity is between 0 and 30%; The preset reference curve is constructed according to the amplitude of the bubbling sound in the test membrane electrode under the different current densities.

5. The water management method of the membrane electrode according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of performing current density loading on the test membrane electrode under a preset humidity condition includes: Under the preset humidity, the temperature and back pressure of the test membrane electrode are controlled to be constant, and the test membrane electrode is subjected to current density loading.

6. A membrane electrode water management device, comprising a processor and a memory, characterized in that: The memory stores computer program instructions that can be executed by the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program instructions, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.

7. A membrane electrode water management system comprising: Sound-conducting wax, sound sensor, preamplifier, amplifier, data acquisition card and membrane electrode water management equipment according to claim 6; wherein, The sound sensor is connected to the membrane electrode through the sound-conducting wax; The sound sensor, preamplifier, amplifier, data acquisition card and membrane electrode water management equipment are connected in sequence.

8. The membrane electrode water management system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sound sensor is arranged on the top of the cathode side flow field of the fuel cell where the membrane electrode is located.

9. The membrane electrode water management system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bandwidth of the preamplifier ranges from 20 kHz to 5 MHz.

10. The membrane electrode water management system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The membrane electrode water management device is further used to acquire the bubbling sound collected by the data acquisition card, and perform fast Fourier transform on the bubbling sound to obtain the amplitude of the bubbling sound.

Images