Adaptive press head structure and press connection method of circuit board connector

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of circuit board processing technology, and proposes an adaptive pressure head structure and a crimping method for a circuit board connector. The adaptive pressure head structure includes: a lifting base plate and a bias adjustment pressure head, the bias adjustment pressure head is installed on the lifting base plate, the bias adjustment pressure head includes a translation component, a blowing component, a fixture, a crimping shaft, a deflection sensor, and a telecommunications processing unit. The translation component includes a translation plate group that can be installed translationally below the lifting base plate. The blowing component includes a plurality of blowing nozzles separated on the four sides of the translation plate group for blowing the translation plate group translationally. The fixture is installed on the bottom surface of the translation plate group. The crimping shaft is rotatably passed through the lifting base plate. The lower end of the crimping shaft is connected to the translation component. The deflection sensor is installed in the translation plate group to detect the pressure during crimping and feed back to the telecommunications processing unit. The adaptive pressure head structure provided by the present invention can realize the corresponding through hole of the adaptive PCB when the connector is crimped to the PCB, ensuring smooth crimping with the PCB.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of circuit board processing, and in particular to an adaptive pressing head structure and a crimping method for a circuit board connector. Background Art

[0002] A crimping machine is a device used in a solderless electronic assembly process to insert a connector's pin into the corresponding through-hole on a PCB. As a widely accepted and used solderless technology, it offers exceptional reliability, secure insertion, and ease of operation. Using advanced crimping technology, crimping machines process backplanes, meeting high-density and miniaturization requirements while saving on mass production and facilitating product design. They also offer high flexibility and reliability. Although the automatic crimping machines currently on the market can accurately move the connector to the corresponding position on the PCB board to be crimped, they cannot adapt to the tolerances of the connector PIN and the holes on the PCB board. If pressed hard, it will cause damage to the PIN pin or the PCB board. Generally, the PIN pin must be aligned and embedded in the PCB hole first, and then pressed down again to fully embed the PIN pin into the PCB hole. However, this is inefficient. Especially when encountering extreme deviation requirements, such as the gap displacement with a maximum deviation of 0.08mm, if the crimping head mechanism is moved as a whole to accommodate this deviation, the load imposed on the servo motor driven by the XY axis and the inertia force of the mechanism itself are very large. The inertia force may even cause the PIN pin to be deflected, resulting in PIN breakage, pressure deviation, and kneeling during the crimping process, damaging the connector or PCB board, directly affecting the crimping efficiency and quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention proposes an adaptive crimping head structure that can adaptively adjust the tolerances of the connector's PIN pins and the socket holes on the PCB board, allowing for smooth crimping and improving production efficiency. There is no need to move the entire crimping head mechanism to accommodate this tolerance, thereby reducing the risk of damaging the connector or PCB board.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: an adaptive pressure head structure includes: a frame, a lifting drive device, a lifting assembly and a bias adjustment pressure head, the lifting drive device and the lifting assembly are installed on the frame, the lifting assembly is driven to lift and lower by the lifting drive device, the lifting assembly has a lifting base plate, the bias adjustment pressure head is installed on the lifting base plate, the bias adjustment pressure head includes a translation assembly, a blowing assembly, a fixture, a crimping shaft, a deflection sensor and a telecommunications processing unit, the translation assembly includes a translation plate group, the translation plate group can be translationally installed below the lifting base plate, the blowing assembly includes a plurality of blowing nozzles, which are separated on the four sides of the translation plate group to provide The translation plate group is blown to translate, and the tooling fixture is installed on the bottom surface of the translation plate group and moves together with the translation plate group. The tooling fixture is used to assemble connectors; the crimping shaft is rotatably installed on the lifting base plate, and the lower end of the crimping shaft is connected to the translation assembly to drive the translation assembly to rotate when rotating. The deflection sensor is installed in the translation plate group to detect the pressure during crimping and feed back to the telecommunications processing unit. When the pressure exceeds the normal crimping range, the telecommunications processing unit issues an instruction to start the blowing assembly. The blowing assembly blows the translation plate group to translate, and correspondingly drives the tooling fixture to translate, so as to realize the applicability adjustment of the tooling fixture to the crimping position.

[0005] Further in the above scheme, the air blowing assembly includes an air inlet connector and an air guide turntable. The air inlet connector is installed on the lifting base plate. Several separated air guide loops are provided on the bottom surface of the lifting base plate. Each air inlet connector is connected to a corresponding air guide loop. The air guide turntable is rotatably installed on the bottom surface of the lifting base plate. Several air guide ring grooves are provided on the upper surface of the air guide turntable and are connected to the air guide loops accordingly. Each air blowing nozzle on the four opposite sides of the translation plate group is connected to a corresponding air guide ring groove.

[0006] Furthermore, in the above solution, the translation assembly includes a guide plate fixed to the lower surface of the air guide turntable, and the translation plate group is movably attached to the lower surface of the guide plate, and the translation of the translation plate group is guided by the guide plate.

[0007] In the above scheme, the translation plate group includes a translation plate and a pressure plate arranged parallel to the bottom of the translation plate. The pressure plate translates together with the translation plate and has the freedom to rise and fall relative to the translation plate. The deflection sensor is installed between the translation plate and the pressure plate.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above solution, a magnet is installed on the lower surface of the guide plate, and the magnet attracts the translation plate.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above scheme, the translation assembly includes a limit plate, which is fixedly arranged on the outside of the translation plate group. Each blowing nozzle is correspondingly fixedly mounted on a limit plate, and the relatively arranged limit plates limit the translation stroke of the translation plate group.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above solution, a through adjusting screw hole is provided on the pressure plate, an adjusting screw is installed in the adjusting screw hole, and the upper end of the adjusting screw abuts against the pressure surface of the deflection sensor to provide a preset pressure to the deflection sensor.

[0011] In the above scheme, the bias adjustment pressure head further includes an angle adjustment mechanism, the angle adjustment mechanism includes a driving motor and a pulley, the driving motor is fixedly installed on one side of the lifting base, the pulley is sleeved on the crimping shaft, and the output end of the driving motor and the pulley are connected by a belt.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above scheme, the bias adjustment pressure head includes a tool positioning mechanism, which includes a positioning shaft and a cylinder body. The positioning shaft is used to be inserted into the positioning hole on the tool fixture. The crimping shaft is provided with a center through hole along the axial direction. The positioning shaft can be installed in the center through hole of the crimping shaft in a liftable manner, and a connecting hole connected to the center through hole is correspondingly provided on the translation plate group to cooperate with the lifting of the positioning shaft. The cylinder body is installed on the lifting base plate to drive the positioning shaft to extend and lower.

[0013] In addition, the present invention provides a circuit board connector crimping method according to the adaptive pressure head structure:

[0014] Provide a connector and install it on the fixture of the bias-adjusting pressure head. Then, the lifting drive device drives the bias-adjusting pressure head down to pre-insert the connector onto the circuit board.

[0015] The deflection-adjusting pressure head descends, driving the connector downward. When the connector contacts the circuit board, the pressure on the deflection sensor is fed back to the telecommunications processing unit. The telecommunications processing unit generates a pressure curve based on the crimping stroke and pressure value. If the pressure curve is out of the set range, it is determined that the crimping cannot smoothly transition the connector's PIN pin into the corresponding socket on the circuit board. In this case, the adaptive pressure head structure is activated, i.e., the air blowing component is started. Otherwise, the crimping will proceed normally.

[0016] The adaptive pressure head structure is turned on, and the air blowing nozzles on the four sides of the translation plate group stagger the air intake and air cut-off. The translation plate group vibrates under the action of positive pressure air in four directions, and the belt vibrates with the connector to reach the corresponding plug-in hole of the connector's PIN adaptive circuit board. The crimping continues to descend. At this time, the pressure curve returns to normal, the blowing assembly is closed, and normal crimping is carried out until the crimping is successful.

[0017] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. The present invention solves the problem that when all positions of the crimping mechanism and the crimped product are accurately aligned, the PIN pin may not smoothly transition into the corresponding through-hole on the PCB due to the tolerance of the angle within the allowable range of the connector pin or the tolerance of the hole position within the allowable range on the PCB board, thereby failing the crimping. The adaptive pressure head structure of the present invention can actively and slightly vibrate the bias-adjusting pressure head within the range, with the micro-jitter of the connector and the tolerance of the product, so that the PIN pin can smoothly transition into the corresponding through-hole on the PCB board, thereby improving the success rate of crimping.

[0019] 2. By making positive pressure airflow channels and limit blocks in the four directions of the translation plate group, and using positive pressure air as the driving source, the bias adjustment pressure head can be actively slightly shaken within the range of 0.08mm, and the micro-shake with the connector can be achieved, so that the connector PI N pin can adapt to the corresponding through-hole of the PCB board, greatly reducing the deviation between the PI N pin and the PCB board hole; at the same time, by installing a highly precise pressure sensor inside the translation plate group, it can accurately detect the pressure abnormality caused by the non-perpendicularity between the PI N pin and the PCB board hole and feedback it to the system, forming high-precision force control feedback, and judging whether to turn on the adaptive function, effectively improving the success rate of crimping.

[0020] 3. An angle adjustment mechanism is set according to the product direction. The bias adjustment pressure head can be freely rotated to the required angle for crimping. In addition, the wiring design in the center through hole of the crimping shaft and the air path design between the air guide turntable and the lifting baseplate effectively solve the problem of wire winding caused by the rotation of the wire or the air path, thereby achieving compatibility with different crimping products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the overall adaptive pressure head structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a front view schematic diagram of the adaptive pressure head structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 An enlarged view of point A is shown;

[0025] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the first viewing angle of the bias-adjusting pressure head of the adaptive pressure head structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the bias-adjusting pressure head of the adaptive pressure head structure of the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the lifting base plate of the adaptive pressure head structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the self-adaptive pressure head structure after the lifting assembly and the bias-adjusting pressure head are assembled;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a circuit board fixing fixture used to cooperate with the adaptive pressure head structure of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: frame 10; lifting drive device 20; lifting assembly 30; deflection adjustment pressure head 40; frame bottom plate 11; frame top plate 12; support plate 13; fixed guide plate 14; guide hole 141; drive motor 21; transmission belt structure 22; screw rod 23; lifting base plate 31; lifting top plate 32; lifting sleeve 33; connecting rod 34; translation assembly 41; blowing assembly 42; crimping shaft 43; deflection measuring sensor 44; translation plate assembly 411; blowing nozzle 424; air inlet connector 421; air guide turntable 422; Guide pipe connector 423; air guide loop 311; guide plate 412; translation plate 51; pressure plate 52; magnet 53; tool mounting slot 521; limit plate 413; sealing ring 54; adjustment screw hole 522; electric slip ring 441; drive assembly 45; drive motor 451; pulley 452; tool positioning mechanism 46; positioning shaft 461; cylinder body 462; cylinder frame 463; cylinder frame support plate 4631; cylinder frame top plate 4632; clearance hole 111; circuit board fixing fixture 200; circuit board 201. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this embodiment proposes an adaptive pressure head structure, including: a frame 10, a lifting drive device 20, a lifting assembly 30 and a bias-adjusting pressure head 40. The lifting drive device 20 and the lifting assembly 30 are installed on the frame 10. The lifting assembly 30 is driven to rise and fall by the lifting drive device 20. The bias-adjusting pressure head 40 is installed on the lifting assembly 30 and rises and falls together with the lifting assembly 30. The bias-adjusting pressure head 40 is used to assemble the connector and crimp the connector to the circuit board. The bias-adjusting pressure head 40 has a translatable translation assembly, and a tooling fixture is installed on the translation assembly. The tooling fixture clamps the connector and drives the tooling fixture to move during crimping by the translation assembly, so as to adaptively adjust the tolerance of the PIN and the plug hole on the PCB board, so that the PIN of the connector is accurately crimped to the PCB board.

[0033] The frame 10 includes a frame bottom plate 11, a frame top plate 12, a support plate 13 and a fixed guide plate 14. The frame bottom plate 11 is fixedly arranged and fixedly installed on the connector processing production line. The support plates 13 are two pieces. The support plates 13 are fixedly installed at both ends of the upper surface of the frame bottom plate 11 to support the frame top plate 12. The fixed guide plate 14 is installed parallel to the frame bottom plate 11 and the frame top plate 12, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the support plate 13. Guide holes 141 that pass through the upper and lower surfaces are opened near the two ends of the fixed guide plate 14 to cooperate with the lifting assembly 30.

[0034] The lifting drive device 20 includes a drive motor 21, a transmission belt structure 22 and a screw rod 23. The drive motor 21 is fixedly installed on one side of the frame top plate 12. The screw rod 23 is upright between the two support plates 13. The top end of the screw rod 23 passes through the frame top plate 12 and is connected to the transmission belt structure 22. The output shaft of the drive motor 21 is connected through the transmission belt structure 22, and the screw rod 23 is driven to rotate by the drive motor 21.

[0035] The lifting assembly 30 includes a lifting base plate 31, a lifting top plate 32, a lifting sleeve 33 and a connecting rod 34. The lifting base plate 31 is arranged parallel to the bottom of the frame bottom plate 11, and the lifting top plate 32 is arranged parallel to the top of the frame bottom plate 11 and is located between the two support plates 13. The lifting sleeve 33 is fixedly installed on the lifting top plate 32. The lifting sleeve 33 has an internal thread, which is sleeved on the screw rod 23 and threadedly engaged with the screw rod 23; there are two connecting rods 34, the upper end of each connecting rod 34 is fixed to the lifting top plate 32, and the lower end passes through the guide hole 141 of the fixed guide plate 14 and the corresponding through-hole on the frame bottom plate 11 and is fixed to the lifting base plate 31, so that the lifting sleeve 33 will be driven to rise and fall along the screw rod 23 through the rotation of the screw rod 23, driving the lifting base plate 31, the lifting top plate 32 and the connecting rod 34 to rise and fall together. It can be understood that the guide holes 141 of the fixed guide plate 14 and the corresponding through holes on the frame bottom plate 11 have a guiding and limiting function for the lifting assembly 30 to move up and down, thereby preventing horizontal movement.

[0036] The deflection adjustment pressure head 40 includes a translation assembly 41, a blowing assembly 42, a fixture (not shown), a crimping shaft 43, a deflection sensor 44 and a telecommunications processing unit (not shown). The translation assembly 41 includes a translation plate group 411, which is installed below the lifting base plate 31 in a translational manner. The blowing assembly 42 includes a plurality of blowing nozzles 424, which are separated at four sides of the translation plate group 411 to blow the translation plate group 411 in translation. The fixture is installed on the bottom surface of the translation plate group 411 and moves together with the translation plate group 411. The clamp is used for assembling connector crimping; the crimping shaft 43 is rotatably provided on the lifting base plate 31, and the lower end of the crimping shaft 43 is connected to the translation assembly 41 so as to drive the translation assembly 41 to rotate when rotating. The deflection sensor 44 is installed in the translation plate group 411 to detect the pressure during crimping and feed it back to the telecommunications processing unit. When the pressure exceeds the normal crimping range, the telecommunications processing unit issues an instruction to start the blowing assembly 42 to blow the translation plate group 411 to translate, and correspondingly drive the tooling fixture to translate, so as to realize the crimping adjustment of the connector.

[0037] Specifically, the air blowing assembly 42 includes an air inlet connector 421, an air guide turntable 422, a guide pipe connector 423 and the air blowing nozzle 424. The air inlet connector 421 is installed on the top surface of the lifting base plate 31. There are four air inlet connectors 421, which are respectively connected to the external air source conduit. Figure 6 The bottom surface of the lifting base 31 is provided with four separate air guide loops 311. It is understood that four air guide passages (not shown) are provided within the lifting base 31, one connecting each air inlet connector 421 to a corresponding air guide loop 311. The air guide turntable 422 is rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the lifting base 31. Four air guide ring grooves (not shown) are provided on the upper surface of the air guide turntable 422, correspondingly connected to the air guide loops 311 provided on the bottom surface of the lifting base 31. There are four guide pipe connectors 423, each mounted around the four sides of the air guide turntable 422. It is understood that four air guide passages (not shown) are provided within the air guide turntable 422, each connecting each guide pipe connector 423 to a corresponding air guide ring groove. This ensures that even when the air guide turntable 422 is rotating (the lifting base 31 cannot rotate), the air inlet connector 421 is still inflated, and the air path remains open, with air flowing out of the guide pipe connectors 423. There are four blowing nozzles 424, which are fixedly installed on the four sides of the translation plate group 411. Each blowing nozzle 424 is connected to the guide pipe connector 423 through an air guide tube (not shown). In this way, when the translation plate group 411 needs to be slightly translated, air is blown through the blowing nozzle 424 on one side, and no air is blown on the opposite side. Then, the translation plate group 411 can be pushed to translate slightly under the action of blowing air; it can be understood that by blowing air in turn through the blowing nozzles 424 on the four sides, the translation plate group 411 can be slightly moved forward, backward, left and right in turn.

[0038] The translation assembly 41 includes the translation plate assembly 411 and the guide plate 412. The translation plate assembly 411 is movably attached to the lower surface of the guide plate 412, and the translation of the translation plate assembly 411 is guided by the guide plate 412. It is understood that the guide plate 412 is fixed to the lower surface of the air guide turntable 422, and the fixing method can be fixed by fixing screws. When the air guide turntable 422 rotates, the guide plate 412 rotates together.

[0039] Furthermore, the translation plate group 411 includes a translation plate 51 and a pressure plate 52 arranged parallel to the bottom of the translation plate 51. The translation plate 51 and the pressure plate 52 are provided with a first hanging bolt (not shown) in the vertical direction. By setting the first hanging bolt, the pressure plate 52 and the translation plate 51 are translated together, and the pressure plate 52 can have a certain degree of freedom of lifting and lowering relative to the translation plate 51 in the vertical direction, that is, the first hanging bolt will not interfere with the lifting and lowering of the pressure plate 52 relative to the translation plate 51.

[0040] Furthermore, a second hanging bolt is provided between the translation plate 51 and the guide plate 412 to ensure that the translation plate 51 is attached to the lower surface of the guide plate 412, and the translation plate 51 can have a certain degree of translation freedom in the horizontal direction relative to the guide plate 412, that is, the second hanging bolt will not interfere with the horizontal movement of the translation plate 51 relative to the guide plate 412.

[0041] It can be understood that the limited movement connection methods of the first hanging bolt and the second hanging bolt to the pressure plate 52 or the translation plate 51 are all common bolt connection methods in the industry. Translation or longitudinal movement can be achieved by opening a translation groove or a depth groove at the nut end, which will not be elaborated here.

[0042] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the translation plate 51 is in contact with the guide plate 412 for translation, a receiving groove is opened on the lower surface of the guide plate 412, and a magnet 53 is fixedly installed in the receiving groove. The translation plate 51 is made of magnetic materials such as metal, and the magnet 53 adsorbs the translation plate 51, so that the translation plate 51 can be stably attached to the lower surface of the guide plate 412 for translation.

[0043] The lower surface of the pressing plate 52 is formed with a tool installation groove 521, so that the tool fixture can be pushed into the tool installation groove 521 to achieve the installation of the tool fixture and facilitate the replacement of the tool fixture. Preferably, the tool installation groove 521 can be provided with a relative "L"-shaped groove (such as Figure 3 shown).

[0044] Furthermore, in order to ensure the power intensity of the blowing and the movement limit of the translation plate group 411, the translation assembly 41 includes a limit plate 413, which is arranged on the outside of the translation plate group 411 and is fixedly mounted on the guide plate 412 (see Figure 1 or Figure 3), and the lower end of the limit plate 413 extends to the outside of the translation plate group 411. Each blowing nozzle 424 is fixedly mounted on a corresponding limit plate 413. The oppositely arranged limit plates 413 can limit the translation travel of the translation plate group 411 between the limit plates 413. It can be understood that each limit plate 413 is provided with an air channel (not shown) connected to the blowing nozzle 424. The other end of the air channel opens toward the translation plate group 411, so that the air pressure of the blowing nozzle 424 can apply force to one side of the translation plate group 411. Furthermore, in order to ensure air tightness, a sealing groove is opened on the connecting surface of the limiting plate 413 and the translation plate group 411 on the outer periphery of the airway, and a sealing ring 54 is fixedly installed in the sealing groove. The sealing ring 54 is pressed between the connecting surface of the limiting plate 413 and the translation plate group 411 and the sealing ring has a certain elasticity, thereby ensuring the effect of the blowing nozzle 424 blowing force on one side of the translation plate group 411; it can be understood that the translation plate group 411 moves under the action of the corresponding blowing nozzle 424, and after the movement, a gap is formed between it and the corresponding limiting plate 413, and the gas from the blowing nozzle 424 is released from the gap to achieve pressure relief.

[0045] The crimping shaft 43 passes through the lifting base plate 31 and is connected to the translation assembly 41. Specifically, the lifting base plate 31 has a shaft sleeve hole, through which the crimping shaft 43 passes and is rotatably mounted on the lifting base plate 31, with the top end of the crimping shaft 43 extending above the top surface of the lifting base plate 31. It is understood that the shaft sleeve hole can be provided with a shaft sleeve to accommodate the crimping shaft 43, so that the crimping shaft 43 is rotatably mounted within the shaft sleeve hole and limits the axial movement of the crimping shaft 43 relative to the lifting base plate 31. The air guide turntable 422 has a central through-hole, through which the crimping shaft 43 passes and is fixedly connected to the air guide turntable 422. More specifically, a stepped groove is integrally formed on the bottom surface of the air guide turntable 422 corresponding to the outer periphery of the central through-hole. A flange that mates with the stepped groove extends from the outer periphery of the crimping shaft 43, and a connecting pin is provided to lock the flange to the stepped groove. The guide plate 412 is provided with a corresponding receiving hole for receiving the lower end of the press-fit shaft 43. In addition, a fixing pin is connected between the air guide turntable 422 and the guide plate 412 (see Figure 4 ) securely connects the air guide turntable 422 to the guide plate 412, preventing relative rotation or axial movement. Thus, when the crimping shaft 43 rotates, it drives the air guide turntable 422 and the translation assembly 41 to rotate relative to the elevating baseplate 31. When the elevating baseplate 31 is raised or lowered, the crimping shaft 43, air guide turntable 422, and translation assembly 41 also rise and fall together.

[0046] The deflection sensor 44 is a pressure sensor used to detect the pressure of the pressure plate 52 during crimping (i.e., the reaction force of the circuit board on the connector when pressing down). The deflection sensor 44 is fixed between the translation plate 51 and the pressure plate 52 of the translation assembly 41. Specifically, the deflection sensor 44 is fixed to the lower surface of the translation plate 51, and its force-bearing surface is connected to the pressure plate 52. When the pressure plate 52 is pressed and moves toward the translation plate 51, it can respond to the pressure in real time. If the pressure curve of the pressure plate 52 during crimping is within the normal pressure range, it is a normal crimping, and there is no problem of poor connection between the connector and the circuit board socket, and there is no need to move and adjust the translation assembly 41; if the pressure curve is within the abnormal pressure range, there is a problem of poor connection between the connector and the circuit board socket, and the PIN cannot be smoothly inserted into the corresponding socket of the PCB board. In this case, it is necessary to start the blowing assembly 42 to make the translation assembly 41 move slightly, thereby driving the tooling fixture to move slightly, so that the PIN adapts to the socket and can be smoothly inserted into the socket. Specifically, the four blowing nozzles 424 blow air in turn, and after the translation plate group 411 slightly moves to an appropriate position, the blowing stops.

[0047] Furthermore, in order to ensure the detection accuracy of the deflection sensor 44, an adjustment structure for the preset pressure of the deflection sensor 44 is provided on the translation plate group 411. Specifically, the adjustment structure includes a through adjustment screw hole 522 provided on the pressure plate 52, an adjustment screw installed in the adjustment screw hole 522, the upper end of the adjustment screw abuts the pressure surface of the deflection sensor 44, and provides a preset pressure for the deflection sensor 44. The adjustment screw can be raised and lowered along the adjustment screw hole 522 under the action of the screw adjustment clamp to adjust the preset pressure of the deflection sensor 44. When the connector is crimped, the pressure plate 52 rises, and the pressure plate 52 will drive the adjustment screw to rise together. The adjustment screw applies pressure to the deflection sensor 44, and the deflection sensor 44 provides real-time feedback of the pressure change. It can be understood that if the deflection sensor 44 does not require preset pressure adjustment, it is also not necessary to set an adjustment screw. The deflection sensor 44 can be installed between the translation plate 51 and the pressure plate 52.

[0048] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the electrical conduction of the deflection measuring sensor 44, an axial center through hole can be opened in the crimping shaft 43, and the wire of the deflection measuring sensor 44 is led out from the center through hole of the crimping shaft 43. Specifically, an electric slip ring 441 is sleeved on the top end of the crimping shaft 43. By connecting the wire of the deflection measuring sensor 44 to the electric slip ring 441, the electric slip ring 441 is connected to the telecommunications processing unit through a lead, so that the deflection measuring sensor 44 is electrically conductive and will not be tangled, ensuring normal use.

[0049] Furthermore, the deflection pressure head 40 includes an angle adjustment mechanism, which includes a rotation drive assembly 45 for driving the crimping shaft 43 to rotate. The rotation drive assembly 45 includes a rotation drive motor 451 and a pulley 452. The rotation drive motor 451 is fixedly mounted on one side of the lifting base plate 31 (see FIG. Figure 1 ), the pulley 452 is sleeved on the crimping shaft 43 (see Figure 4 ), the output end of the driving motor 451 is connected to the pulley 452 through a belt, so that the driving motor 451 is started to drive the crimping shaft 43 to rotate, thereby driving the translation assembly 41 to rotate, and the plug-in angle between the connector and the PCB board can be adjusted.

[0050] Furthermore, the deflection adjustment pressure head 40 includes a tool positioning mechanism 46, which is used to detect the installation status of the tool fixture and position the tool fixture. The tool positioning mechanism 46 includes a positioning shaft 461 and a cylinder 462. The positioning shaft 461 is used to be inserted into the positioning hole on the tool fixture. After the tool fixture is pushed into the tool installation groove 521 of the pressure plate 52, the positioning shaft 461 is inserted into the positioning hole on the tool fixture to ensure the accurate installation position of the tool fixture and ensure the stability of the tool fixture during crimping. Specifically, the positioning shaft 461 is installed in the central through hole of the crimping shaft 43 so that it can be lifted and lowered. The air guide turntable 422, the guide plate 412, the translation plate 51 and the pressure plate 52 are correspondingly provided with connecting holes connected to the central through hole to cooperate with the lifting and lowering of the positioning shaft 461, so that the positioning shaft 461 can be inserted into the tool fixture to fix the position of the tool fixture in the horizontal plane and in the axial direction. When the fixture needs to be replaced, the positioning shaft 461 is raised, and the positioning shaft 461 exits the positioning hole of the fixture, so that the fixture can be replaced. It can be understood that the connecting hole on the translation plate group 411 (i.e., the translation plate 51 and the pressure plate 52) has a sufficient aperture to avoid the positioning shaft 461 interfering with the translation of the translation plate group 411 when the translation plate group 411 is translated. Preferably, the connecting hole on the pressure plate 52 and the adjusting screw hole 522 opened on the aforementioned pressure plate 52 can be set as the same hole, and the adjusting screw is installed in the connecting hole of the pressure plate 52. The adjusting screw is provided with an axial hole for the positioning shaft 461 to pass through, and the axial hole on the adjusting screw has a sufficient aperture so that the positioning shaft 461 will not interfere when the translation plate group 411 is translated. The cylinder body 462 is mounted on the lifting base plate 31 to drive the positioning shaft 461 to move up and down. The telescopic shaft of the cylinder body 462 is connected to the positioning shaft 461 to drive the positioning shaft 461 to move up and down. Preferably, the cylinder body 462 is a pneumatic cylinder.

[0051] Furthermore, the tooling positioning mechanism 46 includes a cylinder frame 463 for mounting the cylinder body 462. The cylinder frame 463 is fixedly mounted on the elevating base plate 31. Specifically, the cylinder frame 463 includes a cylinder frame support plate 4631 and a cylinder frame top plate 4632 supported on the top surface of the cylinder frame support plate 4631. The cylinder frame support plate 4631 is vertically mounted on the elevating base plate 31. The cylinder body 462 is mounted on the bottom surface of the cylinder frame top plate 4632. The telescopic shaft of the cylinder body 462 is downwardly directed and connected to the positioning shaft 461. When the elevating base plate 31 is raised or lowered, the cylinder frame 463 is raised or lowered together with the elevating base plate 31. In this embodiment, to prevent the cylinder frame 436 from being blocked by the frame bottom plate 11 during its raising or lowering, a clearance hole 111 is provided in the frame bottom plate 11 to prevent the cylinder frame 463 from being blocked by the frame bottom plate 11 during its raising or lowering. It is understandable that as long as the cylinder frame 463 has a sufficient lifting stroke and its lifting will not be interfered with by the frame bottom plate 11, there is no need to provide the said clearance hole 111.

[0052] See also Figure 8 , a method for crimping a connector to a circuit board using the adaptive pressure head structure provided by the present invention is provided, and a connector (not shown) is installed on a fixture of the deflection adjusting pressure head 40. Then, the lifting drive device 20 drives the deflection adjusting pressure head 40 to descend, and pre-inserts the connector into the circuit board 201 fixed on the circuit board fixing fixture 200. Specifically, the lifting drive device 20 drives the screw rod 23 to move, and the connecting rod 34 connected to the lifting top plate 32 performs a downward pressing action under the guidance of the guide hole 141 of the fixed guide plate 14. According to the different directions of the product, the driving motor 451 can drive the crimping shaft 43 to rotate at any angle, so that the angle of the connector and the jack on the circuit board 201 are adapted. At the same time, the circuit of the deflection measuring sensor 44 in the deflection adjusting pressure head 40 is routed through the central through hole of the crimping shaft 43 to the electric slip ring 441 to ensure that the wire will not be tangled and the deflection measuring sensor 44 can be used normally. The deflection-adjusting pressure head 40 descends, driving the connector downward. When the connector contacts the circuit board 201, the deflection sensor 44 in the middle of the pressure plate 52 is pressurized and fed back to the telecommunications processing unit. The telecommunications processing unit calculates a pressure curve based on the crimping stroke and pressure value. If the pressure curve is not within the set range, it is determined that the crimping cannot smoothly transition the PIN pins of the connector into the corresponding sockets on the PCB board. In this case, the adaptive pressure head structure is activated, that is, the air blowing component 42 is started. Otherwise, the crimping is normal.

[0053] The adaptive pressure head structure is turned on, and the four air inlet joints 421 stagger the intake and shut-off of air. Specifically, the positive pressure air passes through the air flow channels and finally flows out from the air outlet openings of the limit plates 413 corresponding to the blowing nozzles 424 in four directions, acting on the translation plate group 411. The contact surfaces of the translation plate group 411 and the upper guide plate 412 are both smoothed to reduce the surface friction coefficient and fit under the magnetic force of the magnet 53; the translation plate group 411 is slightly shaken relative to the guide plate 53 (which can be regarded as the upper pressure head module) under the action of positive pressure air in four directions; the shaking range is limited by the limit plate 413, and the tolerance range of the design value can be 0.08mm. The design value comes from the tolerance range value allowed by the product; finally, the active flat panel component 411 can be slightly shaken through the blowing component 42; the belt follows the connector to slightly shake and reach the corresponding plug-in hole of the connector's PIN adaptive circuit board, and the crimping continues to descend. At this time, the pressure curve returns to normal, the adaptive system is closed (that is, the blowing component 42 is closed), and normal crimping is performed until the crimping is successful.

[0054] In summary, the adaptive press head structure provided by the present invention can adaptively adjust the tolerances of the pins and holes on the PCB, improving production efficiency. The adaptive press head structure is applied to a crimping machine, and the entire crimping machine head structure does not need to be moved to adjust to these tolerances, reducing the risk of damaging the connector or PCB. The specific technical effects achieved by the adaptive press head structure provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0055] 1. The present invention solves the problem that when all positions of the crimping mechanism and the crimping product are accurately aligned, the PIN pin may not smoothly transition into the corresponding through-hole on the PCB board due to the tolerance of the angle within the allowable range of the connector PIN or the tolerance of the hole position within the allowable range on the PCB board, thus causing the crimping to fail. The adaptive pressure head structure of the present invention can actively micro-jitter the bias-adjusting pressure head within the range, with the micro-jitter of the connector, and adapt to the tolerance of the product, so that the PIN pin can smoothly transition into the corresponding through-hole on the PCB board, thereby improving the success rate of crimping.

[0056] 2. By providing positive pressure airflow channels and limit blocks in the four directions of the translation plate assembly and using positive pressure air as the driving source, the bias-adjusting pressure head can be actively slightly shaken within a range of 0.08mm, with the micro-shaking of the connector, so that the connector PIN needles can adapt to the corresponding through-holes on the PCB board, greatly reducing the deviation between the PIN needles and the PCB board holes. At the same time, by installing a highly precise pressure sensor inside the translation plate assembly, the abnormal pressure caused by the non-perpendicularity between the PIN needles and the PCB board holes can be accurately detected and fed back to the system, forming high-precision force control feedback to determine whether to enable the adaptive function, effectively improving the success rate of crimping.

[0057] 3. An angle adjustment mechanism is set according to the product direction. The bias adjustment pressure head can be freely rotated to the required angle for crimping. In addition, the wiring design in the center through hole of the crimping shaft and the air path design between the air guide turntable and the lifting baseplate effectively solve the problem of wire winding caused by the rotation of the wire or the air path, thereby achieving compatibility with different crimping products.

[0058] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive pressure head structure, comprising: A frame (10), a lifting drive device (20), a lifting assembly (30) and a bias adjustment pressure head (40), wherein the lifting drive device (20) and the lifting assembly (30) are mounted on the frame (10), the lifting assembly (30) is driven to lift by the lifting drive device (20), the lifting assembly (30) has a lifting base plate (31), and the bias adjustment pressure head (40) is mounted on the lifting base plate (31), characterized in that: the bias adjustment pressure head (40) includes a translation assembly (41), a blowing assembly (42), a fixture, a crimping shaft (43), a deflection sensor (44) and a telecommunication processing unit, the translation assembly (41) includes a translation plate group (411), the translation plate group (411) can be translationally mounted below the lifting base plate (31), the blowing assembly (42) includes a plurality of blowing nozzles (424) separated from the translation assembly (411). The four sides of the plate group (411) are used for blowing the translation plate group (411) to translate. The tooling fixture is installed on the bottom surface of the translation plate group (411) and moves together with the translation plate group (411). The tooling fixture is used to assemble the connector. The crimping shaft (43) is rotatably installed on the lifting base plate (31). The lower end of the crimping shaft (43) is connected to the translation assembly (41) so as to drive the translation assembly (41) to rotate when rotating. The deflection sensor (44) is installed in the translation plate group (411) to detect the pressure during crimping and feed it back to the telecommunications processing unit. When the pressure exceeds the pressure within the normal crimping range, the telecommunications processing unit issues an instruction to start the blowing assembly (42). The blowing assembly (42) blows the translation plate group (411) to translate, and correspondingly drives the tooling fixture to translate, thereby realizing the adaptability adjustment of the tooling fixture to the crimping position.

2. The adaptive pressure head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air blowing assembly (42) includes an air inlet connector (421) and an air guide turntable (422). The air inlet connector (421) is mounted on the lifting base plate (31). The bottom surface of the lifting base plate (31) is provided with a plurality of separated air guide loops (311). Each air inlet connector (421) is connected to a corresponding air guide loop (311). The air guide turntable (422) is rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the lifting base plate (31). The upper surface of the air guide turntable (422) is provided with a plurality of air guide ring grooves correspondingly connected to the air guide loops (311). Each air blowing nozzle (424) on four opposite sides of the translation plate group (411) is connected to a corresponding air guide ring groove.

3. The adaptive pressure head structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The translation assembly (41) comprises a guide plate (412), the guide plate (412) being fixed to the lower surface of the air guide turntable (422), the translation plate group (411) being movably attached to the lower surface of the guide plate (412), and the translation plate group (411) being guided by the guide plate (412) to translate.

4. The adaptive pressure head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The translation plate group (411) includes a translation plate (51) and a pressure plate (52) arranged parallel to and below the translation plate (51); the pressure plate (52) translates together with the translation plate (51) and has the freedom to rise and fall relative to the translation plate (51); the deflection sensor (44) is installed between the translation plate (51) and the pressure plate (52).

5. The adaptive pressure head structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The translation assembly (41) comprises a guide plate (412) fixed above the translation plate (51); the translation plate assembly (411) is movably attached to the lower surface of the guide plate (412); a magnet (53) is mounted on the lower surface of the guide plate (412); and the magnet (53) adsorbs the translation plate (51).

6. The adaptive pressure head structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The translation assembly (41) includes a limit plate (413), which is fixedly arranged on the outside of the translation plate group (411). Each blowing nozzle (424) is correspondingly fixedly mounted on a limit plate (413). The relatively arranged limit plates (413) limit the translation stroke of the translation plate group (411).

7. The adaptive pressure head structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure plate (52) is provided with a through adjustment screw hole (522), an adjustment screw is installed in the adjustment screw hole (522), and the upper end of the adjustment screw abuts against the pressure surface of the deflection sensor (44) to provide a preset pressure on the deflection sensor (44).

8. The adaptive pressure head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deflection-adjusting pressure head (40) includes an angle adjustment mechanism, which includes a driving motor (451) and a pulley (452). The driving motor (451) is fixedly mounted on one side of the lifting base plate (31), and the pulley (452) is sleeved on the crimping shaft (43). The output end of the driving motor (451) is connected to the pulley (452) via a belt.

9. The adaptive pressure head structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deflection adjustment pressure head (40) includes a tool positioning mechanism (46), which includes a positioning shaft (461) and a cylinder (462). The positioning shaft (461) is used to be inserted into a positioning hole on a tool fixture. The crimping shaft (43) is provided with a central through hole along the axial direction. The positioning shaft (461) is installed in the central through hole of the crimping shaft (43) in a liftable manner. A connecting hole connected to the central through hole is correspondingly provided on the translation plate group (411) to cooperate with the lifting of the positioning shaft (461). The cylinder (462) is installed on the lifting base plate (31) to drive the positioning shaft (461) to extend and lower.

10. A circuit board connector crimping method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: A connector is provided and mounted on a fixture of the bias-adjusting pressure head (40); then, the lifting drive device (20) drives the bias-adjusting pressure head (40) to descend, and the connector is pre-inserted onto the circuit board (201); The deflection adjustment pressure head (40) descends to drive the connector downward. When the connector contacts the circuit board (201), the deflection sensor (44) receives pressure and feeds it back to the telecommunication processing unit. The telecommunication processing unit generates a pressure curve based on the crimping stroke and the pressure value. When the pressure curve is not within the set range, it is determined that the crimping cannot normally make the PIN of the connector smoothly transition into the corresponding plug hole of the circuit board (201), and the adaptive pressure head structure is turned on, that is, the blowing component (42) is started. Otherwise, the crimping is normal. The adaptive pressure head structure is opened, and the blowing nozzles (424) separated on the four sides of the translation plate group (411) stagger the air intake and air cut-off. The translation plate group (411) vibrates under the action of the positive pressure air in four directions, driving the connector to vibrate until the PIN pins of the connector reach the corresponding plug-in holes of the adaptive circuit board. The crimping continues to descend, and at this time the pressure curve returns to normal. The blowing assembly (42) is closed, and the crimping is performed normally until the crimping is successful.

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