Parallel guiding and positioning device for oral implantation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oral implantation, in particular to an oral implantation parallel guiding and positioning device which comprises a parallel rod capable of being inserted into a previous implantation hole of an alveolar bone. The parallel guiding and positioning device further comprises a folding connecting piece with one end connected with the side wall of the dental drill body and a guiding sleeve connected with the end, away from the dental drill body, of the folding connecting piece. Each parallel rod comprises an insertion part located in the corresponding previous planting hole in a close fit mode and a guide part located outside the corresponding previous planting hole and connected with the insertion part; a through hole with the diameter equal to that of the guide part is formed in the guide sleeve; the folding connecting piece is used for maintaining the perforating axis of the guide sleeve to be parallel to the axis of a drill bit on the dental drill body and controlling the relative position of the drill bit and the guide sleeve by changing the folding angle of the folding connecting piece. Therefore, the axial direction of the plurality of planting holes can meet the requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oral implantation, and in particular to a parallel guiding positioning device for oral implantation. Background Art

[0002] The oral implant process is as follows: first, the surgical area is incised and flapped, that is, the soft tissue above the alveolar bone is incised, and then flipped to the sides of the alveolar bone (close to the tongue side and the lip side); second, a dental drill is used in conjunction with a small ball drill to locate the point, and then pilot drills of different diameters are used in conjunction with the dental drill to gradually expand the implant hole (commonly known as a vortex hole, which is a cylindrical hole that deepens from the upper surface of the alveolar bone downward after processing); third, after confirming that the depth and axial direction of the implant hole are correct, a tapping drill is used in conjunction with the dental drill to tap the side wall of the implant hole to ensure smooth entry of the implant; fourth, the implant is implanted and covered with a covering screw; fifth, the incised soft tissue is sutured to complete the operation. The above is the implantation process of a single implant.

[0003] It needs to be further explained that, when a single implant is implanted, the axial direction of the implant hole needs to be determined according to the long axis of the adjacent tooth, that is, the axial direction of the implant hole is roughly parallel to the long axis of the adjacent tooth, but there is also a certain angle. In natural teeth, the roots of the teeth gradually tilt forward from the front teeth to the back teeth. Generally, non-precision implants rely more on the doctor's experience to open the axial direction of the implant hole parallel to the long axis of the adjacent tooth. When precise implants are performed, the angle between the axis of the implant hole and the long axis of the adjacent tooth needs to be considered. Regardless of precise implants or non-precision implants, the axial direction of the implant hole needs to be determined with reference to the long axis of the adjacent tooth during the existing single implant process.

[0004] In the existing oral implant process, it is often encountered that multiple adjacent teeth are damaged. At this time, multiple implants need to be implanted one by one with the damaged teeth. During the implantation process, the implant with a good tooth on the adjacent side of the damaged tooth can be directly opened by referring to the long axis of the good adjacent tooth to determine the axial direction of the implant hole. The implant hole corresponding to the damaged tooth without adjacent teeth needs to be opened with reference to the adjacent implant holes, that is, parallel rods are inserted into the completed implant holes, and the implant holes to be opened are opened only by referring to the parallel rods with the naked eye. The time required to implant multiple implants at a time is long, and the doctor's hands and eyes often become tired. In the subsequent implant hole opening process, the doctor's eyes and hands have a decreased tacit understanding, and errors are prone to occur with reference to the parallel rods inserted in the previous implant hole, resulting in deviations in the axial position of the subsequent implant holes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides an oral implant parallel guiding and positioning device, which can utilize the previous implant holes in conjunction with parallel rods to perform parallel guiding on the subsequent implant holes, so as to ensure that the axial directions of the opening of multiple implant holes meet the requirements.

[0006] The technical problem solved by the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] An oral implant parallel guide positioning device comprises a parallel rod which can be inserted into a previous implant hole of an alveolar bone;

[0008] The parallel guide positioning device also includes a folding connector connected to the side wall of the dental drill body at one end, and a guide sleeve connected to the end of the folding connector away from the dental drill body;

[0009] The parallel rod includes an inserting portion located inside the previous planting hole in a tight fit and a guiding portion located outside the previous planting hole and connected to the inserting portion;

[0010] The guide sleeve has a through hole inside with a diameter equal to that of the guide portion;

[0011] The folding connection piece is used to maintain the perforation axis of the guide sleeve parallel to the drill bit axis on the dental drill body and to control the relative position of the drill bit and the guide sleeve by changing its folding angle.

[0012] Preferably, the folding connecting member includes a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod rotatably connected to the first connecting rod, the end of the first connecting rod away from the second connecting rod is connected to the dental drill body, and the end of the second connecting rod away from the first connecting rod is connected to the guide sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, the insertion portion of the parallel rod can be adjusted in angle relative to the guide portion.

[0014] Preferably, the inserting portion and the guiding portion of the parallel rod are connected via a connecting body, and the rigidity of the connecting body is smaller than the rigidity of the inserting portion and the guiding portion.

[0015] Preferably, an annular bulge is provided between the insertion portion of the parallel rod and the connector, and the diameter of the annular bulge is larger than the diameter of the insertion portion.

[0016] Preferably, the outer surface of the parallel rods has a flexible layer.

[0017] Preferably, the lower portion of the perforation of the guide sleeve has a flared section, the diameter of the flared section gradually increases from top to bottom and the top diameter thereof is equal to the diameter of the perforation.

[0018] Preferably, the connector is cylindrical or flat plate-shaped.

[0019] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that by providing a folding connector and a guide sleeve, the axis of the drill bit and the perforation axis of the guide sleeve can always be in a parallel state, thereby ensuring that the drill bit drills along the guide part of the parallel rod during the drilling process, avoiding the problem of deviation in the axial orientation of the implant hole opened later due to the decrease in the tacit understanding between the hands and eyes of medical staff. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in which multiple teeth are missing from the alveolar bone:

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of inserting parallel rods into the previous implant hole on the alveolar bone of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dental drill of the present invention having a foldable connector and a guide sleeve;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the parallel rod of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a parallel rod of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the guide sleeve of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the present invention using a parallel guide positioning device to open a posterior implant hole;

[0028] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Structural diagram from another perspective;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the present invention using a parallel guide positioning device to adjust the pitch angle of the subsequent planting hole;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of half-mouth implantation on alveolar bone according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 This is the angle adjustment process of the half-mouth implantation process of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 12 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention using a parallel guide positioning device to adjust the rotation angle of the subsequent planting hole.

[0033] In the figure, 1. dental drill body; 2. drill bit; 3. folding connector; 4. guide sleeve; 5. perforation; 501. flaring section; 6. parallel rod; 601. insertion part; 602. guide part; 603. convex; 604. connector; 605. flexible layer; 7. alveolar bone; 8. crown; 801. adjacent crown; 9. prior implant hole; 10. implant; 11. posterior implant hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below with reference to specific illustrations.

[0035] refer to Figure 1 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the existing alveolar bone 7 and teeth. It can be seen from the figure that due to the lack of multiple (no less than two, four are taken as an example) adjacent crowns 8 on the alveolar bone 7, multiple implants 10 need to be implanted. When multiple adjacent implants 10 are implanted during the existing oral implant process, the previous implant hole 9 needs to be opened in parallel with the long axis of the adjacent crown 801, and the subsequent implant hole 11 is opened with reference to the axial direction of the previous implant hole 9, such as Figure 2 As shown, in order to determine the axial direction of the prior implantation hole 9, it is usually necessary to insert a parallel rod 6 into the prior implantation hole 9. The medical staff observes the parallel rod 6 in the prior implantation hole 9 with the naked eye, and then operates the dental drill body to keep the drill bit 2 of the dental drill body parallel to the parallel rod 6, so that the drill bit 2 of the dental drill body can drill a subsequent implantation hole 11 that is axially parallel to the prior implantation hole 9. However, since the medical staff has already had a high-intensity work process when opening the prior implantation hole 9, the tacit coordination between their eyes and hands gradually decreases with the workload and the time of maintaining high concentration, which often leads to errors in the subsequent implantation hole 11. Figure 1 Taking the four missing crowns 8 as an example, the medical staff needs to open four implant holes. The further back they are, the worse the coordination between the eyes and hands becomes, and the more likely errors will occur. Based on this problem, the present invention provides an oral implant parallel guide positioning device to solve this problem.

[0036] Specifically, refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8, an oral implant parallel guide positioning device, comprising a parallel rod 6, a folding connector 3, and a guide sleeve 4 with a through hole 5, wherein the parallel rod 6 is used to be inserted into the previous implant hole 9 to determine the axial direction of the previous implant hole 9, and the parallel rod 6 should include at least two parts, one part is in the previous implant hole 9 as an insertion part 601, and the insertion part 601 is tightly fitted inside the previous implant hole 9, so the axis of the insertion part 601 is the same as the axis of the previous implant hole 9, and the other part is a guide part 602 exposed outside the implant hole 9 and colinear with the axis of the insertion part 601, so that the axial direction of the implant hole 9 can be judged by observing the extension direction of the guide part 602, and the guide sleeve 4 has a through hole 5 that can facilitate the parallel rod 6 to pass through, and the diameter of the through hole 5 is equal to the diameter of the guide part 602, so after the guide sleeve 4 is sleeved on the outside of the guide part 602, the two have the same axis, and After the guide sleeve 4 is sleeved on the guide part 602, it can only move along the extension direction of the guide part 602. The folding connecting piece 3 is used to connect the guide sleeve 4 and the dental drill body 1, and keep the axis of the drill bit 2 on the dental drill body 1 parallel to the axis of the guide sleeve 4. At the same time, the folding connecting piece 3 can only be folded in the horizontal plane and cannot be bent in the vertical direction. Therefore, the relative position between the drill bit 2 of the dental drill body 1 and the guide sleeve 4 can be changed at different angles by folding the folding connecting piece 3, which will not affect the drilling of different points of the drill bit 2 of the dental drill body 1 on the alveolar bone 7. At the same time, it can ensure that the axis of the guide sleeve 4 is the same as the axis of the drill bit 2 on the dental drill body 1. That is, in the process of drilling the alveolar bone 7, when the guide sleeve 4 slides along the guide part 602, the drill bit 2 synchronously drills along the sliding trajectory parallel to the guide sleeve 4, ensuring that the axial direction of the subsequent implant hole 11 is accurate. Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the process, the previous planting hole 9 is used as a reference to open the subsequent planting hole 11 in parallel. In this process, since the insertion part 601 and the guide part 602 of the guide rod have the same axis, the axes of the previous planting hole 9 and the planting hole 9 opened later are parallel to each other.

[0037] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 The folding connecting member 3 can be formed by a first connecting rod 301 and a second connecting rod 302 that are rotatably connected. Taking the dental drill body 1 as an example when it is placed horizontally, the first connecting rod 301 and the second connecting rod 302 can only rotate in the horizontal direction and maintain a certain rigidity in the vertical direction. The end of the first connecting rod 301 away from the second connecting rod 302 is connected to the dental drill body 1, and the end of the second connecting rod 302 away from the first connecting rod 301 is connected to the guide sleeve 4.

[0038] However, in the specific implant surgery process, since the roots of natural teeth gradually tilt forward (labially) from the front teeth to the back teeth, the tilting mode of the upper teeth is more obvious, that is, the axial directions of the two adjacent implants 10 are not completely parallel, and there is a certain angle between them. This angle is named the pitch angle (if the two implant holes are to have a certain angle in this direction, it is actually necessary to adjust the pitch angle of the dental drill body 1, so it is named the pitch angle). Furthermore, in the process of half-mouth implantation or full-mouth implantation, due to the large number of missing crowns 8, it is impossible to implant the implants 10 one by one corresponding to the missing crowns 8. Taking half-mouth implantation as an example, refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 , often only four implants 10 are set to support the arch bridge (the arch bridge is not drawn in the figure, it is connected to the alveolar bone 7 through the tooth base on the implant 10, and a plurality of crowns are set on the upper surface). During the implantation of the four implants 10, the two in the middle are often implanted vertically, while the two at the edge need to be opened at an angle to avoid damaging the maxillary or mandibular nerve canal. The angle between the inclination angle and the vertical line is named the rotation angle (because in order to meet the angle in this direction, the dental drill body 1 needs to be in a vertical position when the drill bit is in a vertical position). , rotates a certain angle along its own axial direction, so that the drill bit 2 is transformed from a vertical state to an inclined state, so it is named after the rotation angle). In order to still meet the above-mentioned two requirements of the parallel rod 6 inside the previous planting hole 9 for parallel positioning of the axial direction of the subsequent planting hole 11, the guide portion 602 of the parallel rod 6 is set to be able to adjust the angle relative to the insertion portion 601. The angle between the axis centers of the guide portion 602 and the insertion portion 601 is the angle between the axis centers of the previous planting hole 9 and the subsequent planting hole 9.

[0039] Specific references Figure 4 and Figure 5 The axial angle adjustment process between the guide part 602 and the insertion part 601 can be achieved through the connector 604. The connector 604 is located between the guide part 602 and the insertion part 601 and connects the two. The shape of the connector 604 itself is not specifically limited. It can be cylindrical or flat plate-shaped. The stiffness of the connector 604 is less than the stiffness of the insertion part 601 and the guide part 602, and the connector 604 will not bend under a smaller external force. Therefore, when a larger external force acts on the parallel rod 6, the connector 604 bends, and there will be a certain angle between the axis of the guide part 602 and the insertion part 601. In the process of opening the hole, the guide sleeve 4 is sleeved on the guide part 602. Since the connector 604 needs to bend under a larger force, it will not bend during the process of opening the planting hole 9, and the original bending angle is maintained.

[0040] refer to Figure 4In order to limit the insertion depth of the parallel rod, a ring protrusion 603 is set between the insertion part 601 of the parallel rod and the connecting body 604. Since the diameter of the ring protrusion 603 is larger than the diameter of the insertion part 601, the ring protrusion 603 can limit the insertion depth of the parallel rod inside the planting hole 9.

[0041] refer to Figure 5 In order to ensure that the insertion portion 601 fits tightly inside the previous planting hole 9 without causing wear to the side wall of the previous planting hole 9 due to its own rigidity, and to increase the adhesion between the insertion portion 601 and the inner wall of the previous planting hole 9, a flexible layer 605 is provided on the outside of the parallel rod. The flexible layer 605 can be deformed when squeezed, thereby increasing friction and protecting the side wall of the previous planting hole 9.

[0042] refer to Figure 6 In order to facilitate the guide sleeve 4 to be sleeved on the guide part 602, the lower part of the through-hole 5 of the guide sleeve 4 has a flared section 501. The bottom diameter of the flared section 501 is larger than the diameter of the through-hole 5, and the top diameter is equal to the diameter of the through-hole 5. The diameter gradually decreases from the bottom to the top. Since the flared section 501 can be easily passed through, the guide sleeve 4 can be sleeved on the guide part 602.

[0043] The following will describe the process of opening the subsequent planting hole 11 at a certain angle by using the parallel rod 6 inserted into the previous planting hole 9. Figure 9 and Figure 12 The plane where the middle alveolar bone 7 is located is on the plane where the X axis and the Y axis are located. Figure 9 , which is suitable for the situation where there is a pitch angle between two adjacent implant holes. It bends the connector 604 of the parallel rod 6 so that there is a certain angle between the insertion part 601 and the guide part 602. When the insertion part 601 is inserted into the previous implant hole 9, the axis H1 of the insertion part 601 is parallel to the Z axis, and the axis H2 of the guide part 602 is at a certain angle A1 to the Z axis, and the axis H2 of the guide part 602 is inside a parallel plane parallel to the plane where the X axis and the Z axis are located. At this time, when the guide sleeve 4 connected to one side of the dental drill body 1 by the folding connector 3 is sleeved on the guide part 602, the axis of the drill bit 2 on the dental drill body 1 is parallel to the axis H2 of the guide part 602. When the dental drill body 1 is used for drilling, since the guide sleeve 4 always slides along the guide part 602, the inclination angle of the axis of the subsequent implant hole 11 is the same as that of the guide part 602. During the actual operation, the angle value of A1 is approximately in the range of 0-5 degrees. Figure 9 In order for those skilled in the art to clearly understand the principle, the presented angle A1 is relatively large and needs to be determined according to the specific conditions of the patient's oral cavity.

[0044] refer to Figure 12It is mostly used in half-mouth implantation and full-mouth implantation processes. By bending the connector 604 of the parallel rod 6, when the insertion part 601 is inserted into the previous implantation hole 9, the axis H1 of the insertion part 601 is parallel to the Z axis, and the axis H2 of the guide part 602 is at an angle A2 to the Z axis. At the same time, the axis H2 of the guide part 602 is in the plane of the Z axis and the Y axis. At this time, the guide sleeve 4 is sleeved on the guide part 602. When drilling with the drill bit 2 of the dental drill body 1, there is an angle A2 between the axis of the subsequent implantation hole 11 and the previous implantation hole 9. The angle value of A2 is often in the range of 0-45 degrees in reality to avoid damage to the maxillary or mandibular nerve canal during the implantation process of the implant 10, or the doctor will also tilt the implant 10 considering special factors such as the special design of the arched frame and the stress distribution of multiple implants 10.

[0045] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above-described embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A parallel guiding and positioning device for oral implantation, comprising: A parallel rod (6) that can be inserted into a previous implant hole (9) of an alveolar bone (7); Features: The parallel guiding and positioning device further comprises a folding connecting piece (3) having one end connected to the side wall of the dental drill body (1), and a guiding sleeve (4) connected to an end of the folding connecting piece (3) away from the dental drill body (1); The parallel rod (6) comprises an insertion portion (601) located inside the previous planting hole (9) in a tight fit manner, and a guide portion (602) located outside the previous planting hole (9) and connected to the insertion portion (601); The guide sleeve (4) has a through hole (5) inside, the diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the guide portion (602); The folding connection member (3) is used to maintain the axis of the perforation (5) of the guide sleeve (4) parallel to the axis of the drill bit (2) on the dental drill body (1) and to control the relative position of the drill bit (2) and the guide sleeve (4) by changing its folding angle.

2. The parallel guiding and positioning device for oral implantation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foldable connecting member (3) comprises a first connecting rod (301) and a second connecting rod (302) rotatably connected to the first connecting rod (301); one end of the first connecting rod (301) away from the second connecting rod (302) is connected to the dental drill body (1); and one end of the second connecting rod (302) away from the first connecting rod (301) is connected to the guide sleeve (4).

3. The parallel guiding and positioning device for oral implantation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insertion portion (601) of the parallel rod (6) can be adjusted in angle relative to the guide portion (602).

4. The parallel guiding and positioning device for oral implantation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The insertion portion (601) and the guide portion (602) of the parallel rod (6) are connected via a connector (604), and the rigidity of the connector (604) is smaller than the rigidity of the insertion portion (601) and the guide portion (602).

5. The parallel guiding and positioning device for oral implantation according to claim 4, characterized in that: An annular protrusion (603) is also provided between the insertion portion (601) of the parallel rod (6) and the connecting body (604), and the diameter of the annular protrusion (603) is greater than the diameter of the insertion portion (601).

6. The parallel guiding and positioning device for oral implantation according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The outer surface of the insertion portion (601) of the parallel rod (6) has a flexible layer (605).

7. The parallel guiding and positioning device for oral implantation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the through hole (5) of the guide sleeve (4) has a flared section (501), the diameter of the flared section (501) gradually increases from top to bottom and the top diameter is equal to the diameter of the through hole (5).

8. The parallel guiding and positioning device for oral implantation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connector (604) is in the shape of a cylinder or a flat plate.

Images