Railway box car loading and unloading mechanism and loading and unloading method

Abstract

The railway box car loading and unloading mechanism comprises a car body, a side door is rotationally arranged on the side face of the car body, the bottom of the side door is hinged to the car body, a side door guide rail is arranged on the inner side of the side door, and a driving mechanism is arranged in the car body and used for controlling opening and closing of the side door. A longitudinal guide rail, a transverse guide rail, a swing rail device and a cargo carrying device are further arranged in the vehicle body, the longitudinal guide rail is arranged in the length direction of the vehicle body, and the side door guide rail and the transverse guide rail are arranged in the length direction perpendicular to the vehicle body. The longitudinal guide rail comprises a longitudinal unit, a rotating unit and a reversing device, the swing rail and the rotating unit are rotationally connected with the vehicle body, and the swing rod driving cylinder and the reversing device are used for driving the swing rail and the rotating unit to rotate to the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal unit correspondingly, so that the transverse guide rail, the rotating unit, the swing rail and the side door guide rail are connected into one guide rail. Rapid loading and unloading of cargoes of the boxcar are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of railway boxcar loading and unloading, and in particular to a railway boxcar loading and unloading mechanism and a loading and unloading method. Background Art

[0002] Some railway boxcars are equipped with side doors, through which goods can be loaded and unloaded, which is suitable for easy-to-carry goods such as boxed and bagged goods. In order to improve the efficiency of loading and unloading, some boxcars use wide doors or full side door structures, so that mechanical equipment such as forklifts can directly enter the interior of the car to perform operations. For example, the Chinese invention patent with authorization announcement number CN111942410B discloses a fast-moving movable side wall boxcar with large side doors, that is, a large side door is used to load and unload goods from the side of the boxcar. However, the large side doors of this solution can only be opened and closed along the length of the boxcar, and side door loading and unloading requires the use of mechanical equipment such as forklifts, which will increase the complexity and cost of loading and unloading operations, and the efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a railway boxcar loading and unloading mechanism and a loading and unloading method to address the defects of the prior art, thereby realizing rapid loading and unloading of boxcar cargo.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, in the first aspect, the present invention proposes a railway boxcar loading and unloading mechanism, comprising a car body, a side door is rotatably arranged on the side of the car body, the bottom of the side door is hinged to the car body, a side door guide rail is arranged on the inner side of the side door, a driving mechanism is arranged in the car body, and the driving mechanism is used to control the opening and closing of the side door. A longitudinal guide rail, a transverse guide rail, a swing rail device and a cargo loading device are also arranged in the car body, the longitudinal guide rail is arranged along the length direction of the car body, and the side door guide rail and the transverse guide rail are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the car body. The swing rail device includes a swing rail and a swing rod driving cylinder, the swing rail is arranged parallel to the longitudinal guide rail, the longitudinal guide rail includes a longitudinal unit, a rotating unit and a reversing device, the swing rail and the rotating unit are rotationally connected to the vehicle body, and the swing rod driving cylinder and the reversing device are respectively used to drive the swing rail and the rotating unit to rotate to a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal unit, so that the transverse guide rail, the rotating unit, the swing rail, and the side door guide rail are connected into one guide rail and the cargo device turns together with the rotating unit, thereby realizing the longitudinal translation, steering and lateral translation of the cargo device inside the vehicle body.

[0005] Furthermore, the reversing device includes a rotating disk and a reversing drive cylinder, the rotating disk is rotatably connected to the vehicle body, one end of the reversing drive cylinder is hinged to the vehicle body, and the other end of the reversing drive cylinder is hinged to the rotating disk, the rotating unit is fixedly arranged on the rotating disk, and the reversing drive cylinder is used to drive the rotating disk to rotate, so that the rotating unit can be rotated to a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal unit.

[0006] Furthermore, the cargo-carrying device comprises a carrying trolley, a guide wheel, and a steering sleeve. The guide wheel is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the steering sleeve, the carrying trolley is rotatably connected to the steering sleeve, a groove is provided on the wheel surface of the guide wheel, and the guide rail can be embedded in the groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the steering sleeve comprises a sleeve body and a bearing arranged in the sleeve body, and a connecting column is arranged at the bottom of the carrying trolley. The connecting column is inserted into the sleeve body and is rotatably connected to the sleeve body through the bearing.

[0008] Furthermore, one end of the swing rod driving cylinder is hinged to the vehicle body, the other end of the swing rod driving cylinder is hinged to a swing arm, the swing arm is rotatably connected to the vehicle body, and the swing rail is fixedly arranged on the swing arm.

[0009] Furthermore, the rocker drive cylinder and the reversing drive cylinder are respectively arranged on both sides of the transverse guide rail.

[0010] Furthermore, one end of the driving mechanism is hinged to the vehicle body, and the other end of the driving mechanism is hinged to the inner side of the side door.

[0011] Furthermore, a vehicle stopper is provided at one end of the side door guide rail, and the vehicle stopper is used to prevent the cargo carrying device from slipping out of the side door guide rail.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a loading method, comprising:

[0013] Control the driving mechanism to open the side door, and support the side door on the ground;

[0014] Control the swing rod drive cylinder to rotate the swing rail, and control the reversing drive cylinder to rotate the rotating unit, so that the side door guide rail, the swing rail, the rotating unit, and the transverse guide rail are connected into one guide rail;

[0015] The cargo-carrying device loaded with goods is hoisted onto the side door guide rail and moved into the vehicle body through the swing rail, the rotating unit and the transverse guide rail. When the wheels of the cargo-carrying device are all located on the rotating unit, the reversing drive cylinder is controlled to simultaneously rotate all the rotating units corresponding to the wheels, so that the rotating unit and the longitudinal unit are connected to form a guide rail, and the cargo-carrying device moves along the longitudinal guide rail to the cargo loading point in the vehicle body.

[0016] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an uninstallation method, comprising:

[0017] Control the driving mechanism to open the side door, and support the side door on the ground;

[0018] Move the cargo carrying device loaded with cargo along the longitudinal guide rail to the side door, and make the wheels of the cargo carrying device all be located on the rotating unit;

[0019] Control the reversing drive cylinder to rotate all the rotating units corresponding to the wheels at the same time, and control the swing rod drive cylinder to rotate the swing rail, so that the side door guide rail, the swing rail, the rotating unit, and the transverse guide rail are connected into one guide rail;

[0020] Move the cargo loading device onto the side door guide rails and unload the cargo on the cargo loading device.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. The present invention realizes the longitudinal translation, steering and lateral translation of the cargo-carrying device inside the vehicle body by arranging longitudinal guide rails, transverse guide rails, swing rail devices and side door guide rails, so that the cargo can be directly loaded or unloaded from the side of the boxcar, which is beneficial to improving the loading and unloading efficiency of the boxcar.

[0023] 2. The present invention controls the fixed angles of the rotating unit and the swing rail respectively through the reversing drive cylinder and the swing rod drive cylinder, and the adjustment is convenient and rapid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when the side door is not opened;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the side door of the present invention is opened;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the side door of the present invention when it is opened;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the arrangement of the longitudinal guide rail, the transverse guide rail and the swing rail device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the swing rail device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the rotating unit and the cargo carrying device of the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cargo carrying device of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.10 This is the initial state diagram of the present invention when it is unloaded;

[0034] Fig.11 This is a state diagram after the side door is opened during unloading of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.12 This is a state diagram of the present invention after the swing rail is rotated during unloading;

[0036] Fig.13 This is a state diagram after the rotating unit is rotated during unloading of the present invention.

[0037] Figure numerals: vehicle body 1; side door 2; side door guide rail 21; vehicle stopper 211; driving mechanism 22; hinge 23; fixing seat 24; connecting seat 25; longitudinal guide rail 3; longitudinal unit 31; rotating unit 32; reversing drive cylinder 33; rotating plate 34; rotating arm 35; transverse guide rail 4; swing rail device 5; swing rail 51; swing rail drive cylinder 52; swing arm 53; cargo carrying device 6; carrying trolley 61; guide wheel 62; steering sleeve 63. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0039] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the present invention provides a railway boxcar loading and unloading mechanism, comprising a car body 1, side doors 2 are rotatably arranged on both sides of the car body 1, a plurality of side doors 2 can be arranged, the bottom of the side door 2 is hinged to the car body 1, a side door guide rail 21 is arranged on the inner side of the side door 2, a driving mechanism 22 is arranged in the car body 1, and the driving mechanism 22 is used to control the opening and closing of the side door 2, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the vehicle body 1 is further provided with a longitudinal guide rail 3, a transverse guide rail 4, a swing rail device 5 and a cargo carrying device 6. The longitudinal guide rail 3 is arranged along the length direction of the vehicle body 1, and the side door guide rail 21 and the transverse guide rail 4 are arranged along the length direction perpendicular to the vehicle body 1. Figure 6 As shown, the swing rail device 5 includes a swing rail 51 and a swing rail driving cylinder 52. The swing rail 51 is arranged parallel to the longitudinal guide rail 3. The longitudinal guide rail 3 includes a longitudinal unit 31, a rotating unit 32 and a reversing device. The swing rail 51 and the rotating unit 32 are rotationally connected to the vehicle body 1. The swing rail driving cylinder 52 and the reversing device are respectively used to drive the swing rail 51 and the rotating unit 32 to rotate to a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal unit 31, so that the transverse guide rail 4, the rotating unit 32, the swing rail 51, and the side door guide rail 21 are connected into one guide rail and the cargo device 6 turns together with the rotating unit 32, thereby realizing the longitudinal translation, steering and lateral translation of the cargo device 6 inside the vehicle body 1.

[0040] like Figure 3 , 4As shown, one end of the driving mechanism 22 is hinged to the vehicle body 1 through a fixing seat 24, and the fixing seat 24 is welded to the bottom plate of the vehicle body 1. The other end of the driving mechanism 22 is hinged to the inner side of the side door 2 through a connecting seat 25, and the connecting seat 25 is welded to the inner side of the side door 2.

[0041] Two side door rails 21 are arranged in parallel, and a vehicle stopper 211 is arranged at one end of the side door rail 21, and the vehicle stopper 211 is used to prevent the cargo device 6 from slipping out of the side door rail 21. A hinge 23 is welded to the bottom of the side of the vehicle body 1, and the side door 2 is rotatably connected to the vehicle body 1 through the hinge 23.

[0042] like Figure 8 As shown, the reversing device includes a rotating disk 34 and a reversing drive cylinder 33. The rotating disk 34 is rotatably connected to the vehicle body 1. A rotating arm 35 is fixedly arranged on the rotating disk 34. One end of the reversing drive cylinder 33 is hinged to the vehicle body 1, and the other end of the reversing drive cylinder 33 is hinged to the rotating arm 35. The rotating unit 32 is fixedly arranged on the rotating disk 34. The reversing drive cylinder 33 is used to drive the rotating disk 34 to rotate, so that the rotating unit 32 can be rotated to a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal unit 31.

[0043] like Figure 7 As shown, one end of the swing rail driving cylinder 52 is hinged to the vehicle body 1 , and the other end of the swing rail driving cylinder 52 is hinged to a swing arm 53 , the swing arm 53 is rotatably connected to the vehicle body 1 , and the swing rail 51 is fixedly arranged on the swing arm 53 .

[0044] like Figure 8 , 9 As shown, the cargo carrying device 6 includes a carrying trolley 61, a guide wheel 62, and a steering sleeve 63. The guide wheel 62 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the steering sleeve 63. The carrying trolley 61 is rotatably connected to the steering sleeve 63. A groove is provided on the wheel surface of the guide wheel 62, and the guide rail can be embedded in the groove. The steering sleeve 63 includes a connecting plate, a sleeve body, and a bearing arranged in the sleeve body. The sleeve body is fixed on the upper surface of the connecting plate. The guide wheel 62 is connected to the lower surface of the connecting plate. A connecting column is arranged at the bottom of the carrying trolley 61. The connecting column is inserted into the sleeve body and is rotatably connected to the sleeve body through a bearing. The guide wheel 62 can be driven by a motor.

[0045] like Figure 6 As shown, the swing rail drive cylinder 52 and the reversing drive cylinder 33 are respectively arranged on both sides of the transverse guide rail 4, thereby avoiding interference between the swing rail drive cylinder 52 and the reversing drive cylinder 33.

[0046] The loading method using the railway boxcar loading and unloading mechanism comprises:

[0047] Control the driving mechanism 22 to open the side door 2, so that the side door 2 is supported by the ground;

[0048] Control the swing rail drive cylinder 52 to rotate the swing rail 51, and control the reversing drive cylinder 33 to rotate the rotating unit 32, so that the side door guide rail 21, the swing rail 51, the rotating unit 32, and the transverse guide rail 4 are connected into one guide rail;

[0049] The cargo carrying device 6 loaded with cargo is hoisted onto the side door guide rail 21, and is moved into the vehicle body 1 through the swing rail 51, the rotating unit 32, and the transverse guide rail 4. When the wheels of the cargo carrying device 6 are all located on the rotating unit 32, the reversing drive cylinder 33 is controlled to simultaneously rotate all the rotating units 32 corresponding to the wheels, so that the rotating unit 32 is connected to the longitudinal unit 31 to form a guide rail, and the cargo carrying device 6 is moved along the longitudinal guide rail 3 to the cargo loading point in the vehicle body 1.

[0050] The unloading method using the railway boxcar loading and unloading mechanism comprises:

[0051] like Fig.10 As shown in FIG. 1 , the positions of the components in the initial state are shown. The driving mechanism 22 is controlled to open the side door 2, and the side door 2 is supported by the ground. Fig.11 As shown;

[0052] like Fig.12 As shown, the cargo carrying device 6 loaded with cargo is moved along the longitudinal guide rail 3 to the side door 2, and the wheels of the cargo carrying device 6 are all located on the rotating unit 32;

[0053] like Fig.13 As shown, the reversing drive cylinder 33 is controlled to simultaneously rotate all the rotating units 32 corresponding to the wheels, and the swing rail drive cylinder 52 is controlled to rotate the swing rail 51, so that the side door guide rail 21, the swing rail 51, the rotating unit 32, and the transverse guide rail 4 are connected into one guide rail;

[0054] The cargo loading device 6 is moved onto the side door guide rail 21 , and the cargo on the cargo loading device 6 is unloaded.

[0055] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A railway boxcar loading and unloading mechanism, Features: The invention comprises a vehicle body (1), a side door (2) is rotatably arranged on the side of the vehicle body (1), the bottom of the side door (2) is hinged to the vehicle body (1), a side door guide rail (21) is arranged on the inner side of the side door (2), a driving mechanism (22) is arranged in the vehicle body (1), and the driving mechanism (22) is used to control the opening and closing of the side door (2), and a longitudinal guide rail (3), a transverse guide rail (4), a swing rail device (5) and a cargo carrying device (6) are also arranged in the vehicle body (1), the longitudinal guide rail (3) is arranged along the length direction of the vehicle body (1), the side door guide rail (21) and the transverse guide rail (4) are arranged along the length direction perpendicular to the vehicle body (1), and the swing rail device (5) comprises a swing rail (51) and a swing rail driving cylinder (52). ), the swing rail (51) is arranged parallel to the longitudinal guide rail (3), the longitudinal guide rail (3) comprises a longitudinal unit (31), a rotating unit (32) and a reversing device, the swing rail (51) and the rotating unit (32) are rotationally connected to the vehicle body (1), the swing rail driving cylinder (52) and the reversing device are respectively used to drive the swing rail (51) and the rotating unit (32) to rotate to a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal unit (31), so that the transverse guide rail (4), the rotating unit (32), the swing rail (51) and the side door guide rail (21) are connected into one guide rail and the cargo device (6) is turned along with the rotating unit (32), thereby realizing the longitudinal translation, steering and transverse translation of the cargo device (6) inside the vehicle body (1).

2. The railway boxcar loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 1, Features: The reversing device comprises a rotating disk (34) and a reversing drive cylinder (33); the rotating disk (34) is rotatably connected to the vehicle body (1); one end of the reversing drive cylinder (33) is hinged to the vehicle body (1); the other end of the reversing drive cylinder (33) is hinged to the rotating disk (34); the rotating unit (32) is fixedly arranged on the rotating disk (34); the reversing drive cylinder (33) is used to drive the rotating disk (34) to rotate, so that the rotating unit (32) can be rotated to a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal unit (31).

3. The railway boxcar loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, Features: The cargo carrying device (6) comprises a carrying trolley (61), a guide wheel (62), and a steering sleeve (63); the guide wheel (62) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the steering sleeve (63); the carrying trolley (61) is rotatably connected to the steering sleeve (63); a groove is provided on the wheel surface of the guide wheel (62), and a guide rail can be embedded in the groove.

4. The railway boxcar loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 3, Features: The steering sleeve (63) comprises a sleeve body and a bearing arranged in the sleeve body. A connecting column is arranged at the bottom of the carrying trolley (61). The connecting column is inserted into the sleeve body and is rotatably connected to the sleeve body through the bearing.

5. The railway boxcar loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, Features: One end of the swing rail driving cylinder (52) is hinged to the vehicle body (1), and the other end of the swing rail driving cylinder (52) is hinged to a swing arm (53), the swing arm (53) is rotatably connected to the vehicle body (1), and the swing rail (51) is fixedly arranged on the swing arm (53).

6. The railway boxcar loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 2, Features: The swing rail drive cylinder (52) and the reversing drive cylinder (33) are respectively arranged on both sides of the transverse guide rail (4).

7. The railway boxcar loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, Features: One end of the driving mechanism (22) is hinged to the vehicle body (1), and the other end of the driving mechanism (22) is hinged to the inner side of the side door (2).

8. The railway boxcar loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, Features: A vehicle stopper (211) is provided at one end of the side door guide rail (21), and the vehicle stopper (211) is used to prevent the cargo carrying device (6) from slipping out of the side door guide rail (21).

9. A method for loading cargo in a railway boxcar loading and unloading mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, It is characterized in that include: Controlling the driving mechanism (22) to open the side door (2), so that the side door (2) is supported by the ground; Controlling the swing rail drive cylinder (52) to rotate the swing rail (51), and controlling the reversing drive cylinder (33) to rotate the rotating unit (32), so that the side door guide rail (21), the swing rail (51), the rotating unit (32), and the transverse guide rail (4) are connected into one guide rail; The cargo carrying device (6) loaded with cargo is hoisted onto the side door guide rail (21) and moved into the vehicle body (1) via the swing rail (51), the rotating unit (32) and the transverse guide rail (4). When the wheels of the cargo carrying device (6) are all located on the rotating unit (32), the reversing drive cylinder (33) is controlled to simultaneously rotate all the rotating units (32) corresponding to the wheels, so that the rotating unit (32) and the longitudinal unit (31) are connected to form a guide rail, and the cargo carrying device (6) is moved along the longitudinal guide rail (3) to the cargo loading point in the vehicle body (1).

10. A method for unloading cargo from a railway boxcar loading and unloading mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, It is characterized in that include: Controlling the driving mechanism (22) to open the side door (2), so that the side door (2) is supported by the ground; Moving the cargo carrying device (6) loaded with cargo along the longitudinal guide rail (3) to the side door (2), and making the wheels of the cargo carrying device (6) all located on the rotating unit (32); Controlling the reversing drive cylinder (33) to simultaneously rotate all the rotating units (32) corresponding to the wheels, and controlling the swing rail drive cylinder (52) to rotate the swing rail (51), so that the side door guide rail (21), the swing rail (51), the rotating unit (32), and the transverse guide rail (4) are connected into one guide rail; The cargo loading device (6) is moved onto the side door guide rail (21) to unload the cargo on the cargo loading device (6).

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