An external bolt prestressing tensioning device suitable for tunnel segment joints

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of building structure reinforcement, and specifically to an external bolt prestressing tensioning device suitable for tunnel segment joints. It includes a fixed end mechanism, a tensioning end mechanism, an arc-surface adaptive bolt, a prestressed bolt, and a locking nut. The fixed end mechanism and the tensioning end mechanism both include horizontal support plates. The bottoms of the two horizontal support plates that are away from each other are fixedly connected to vertical support plates. The screw parts of the prestressed bolts pass through the through holes on the vertical support plate of the fixed end mechanism and the through holes on the vertical support plate of the tensioning end mechanism in turn and are installed with locking nuts. The tops of the two horizontal support plates that are away from each other are fixedly connected to ear plates, and fixing holes are provided on both ear plates. The device provided by the present invention is fixed to the surface of the structure to be reinforced completely by mechanical contact, without the need for destructive drilling of the structure, thus avoiding damage to the interior of the structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of building structure reinforcement, and in particular to an external bolt prestressing tensioning device suitable for tunnel segment joints. Background Art

[0002] Shield tunneling is widely used for the construction of underground tunnels in urban areas due to its flexibility, cost-effectiveness, and minimal impact on the surrounding environment. Shield tunnels are typically lined with concrete segments, which are placed continuously side by side as the tunnel boring machine (TBM) advances. One of the most important factors in the design of segmental tunnel linings is the impact of longitudinal joints on the overall performance of the structure. During tunnel operation, the structural performance of the concrete segment lining may be further affected by external factors such as nearby deep excavation, new cross-tunnels, differential settlement in soft soil strata, and unexpected ground loading. In such cases, the concrete segment lining, especially the longitudinal joints, needs to be reinforced or strengthened to ensure structural safety.

[0003] Existing external prestressing devices are primarily designed for structures with ample construction space and regular, flat shapes. The tensioning method typically involves tensioning external prestressing tendons or external prestressing plates, and steel or carbon fiber are typically used. While existing devices can effectively apply external prestressing and achieve relatively good results, they are difficult to operate on curved structures such as shield-bored subway tunnels due to the limited construction space and lack of flat surfaces. Furthermore, current external prestressing reinforcement technology typically requires drilling holes into the reinforced structure to plant rebar, providing an anchoring foundation for the prestressing device. However, in high-pressure, seepage-prone environments like underground or underwater tunnel segments, this drilling can cause microcracks to form and expand within the segment concrete, increasing the risk of water seepage and reducing the durability and safety of the segment. Therefore, even if existing external prestressing reinforcement technology is successfully installed in such structures, its practicality is limited.

[0004] For example, patent CN117449608B discloses an automatic leveling carbon fiber plate prestressing device for curved structures. While applicable to curved structures, the device requires drilling and rebar planting, increasing the risk of water seepage in underground structures. Furthermore, the device disclosed in this invention occupies a large space, making it difficult to use in structures such as shield-bored subway tunnels.

[0005] In summary, existing external prestressing reinforcement structures are not highly applicable to bolted tunnel segments, and non-destructive prestressing is difficult to achieve. Therefore, a non-destructive, efficient, and convenient external prestressing device and supporting technology for tunnel segment joint reinforcement is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an external bolt prestressing tensioning device suitable for tunnel segment joints, and specifically discloses the following technical solutions:

[0007] The invention relates to an external bolt prestressing tensioning device suitable for tunnel segment joints, comprising a fixed end mechanism, a tensioning end mechanism, an arc-surface adaptive bolt, a prestressed bolt and a locking nut. The fixed end mechanism and the tensioning end mechanism both comprise a horizontal support plate. The bottoms of the two horizontal support plates at one end away from each other are fixedly connected to vertical support plates respectively. The screw portions of the prestressed bolts pass through the through holes on the vertical support plate of the fixed end mechanism and the through holes on the vertical support plate of the tensioning end mechanism in sequence and are installed with locking nuts. The tops of the two horizontal support plates at one end away from each other are fixedly connected to ear plates respectively, and fixing holes are provided on both ear plates.

[0008] Furthermore, side plates are fixedly connected between the two sides of the vertical support plate and the bottoms of the two sides of the horizontal support plate, and the two side plates are parallel to each other.

[0009] Furthermore, the diameters of the through holes on the two vertical support plates are both larger than the nominal diameter of the prestressed bolts.

[0010] Furthermore, a leveling gasket is provided between the locking nut and the vertical support plate of the tensioning end mechanism, the leveling gasket is sleeved on the prestressed bolt, the side of the leveling gasket close to the vertical support plate of the tensioning end mechanism is set to a spherical surface, and a groove matching the spherical surface of the leveling gasket is provided on the periphery of the through hole on the vertical support plate of the tensioning end mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of bolt holes are provided on the two horizontal support plates, and a plurality of the arc surface adaptive bolts pass through the corresponding bolt holes from bottom to top, and the top ends of the arc surface adaptive bolts are used to contact the arc surface of the structure to be reinforced.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom end of the ear plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the horizontal support plate, and the top end of the ear plate is tilted outward.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The device provided by the present invention is fixed to the surface of the structure to be reinforced entirely by mechanical contact, without the need for destructive drilling of the structure, thus avoiding damage to the interior of the structure;

[0015] In the present invention, a plurality of arc surface adaptive bolts are installed on the horizontal support plate, and the height of each arc surface adaptive bolt is adjusted respectively so that the bolts can fit and adapt to arc surfaces of different shapes;

[0016] The aperture of the through hole on the vertical support plate is larger than the nominal diameter of the prestressed bolt, and a leveling gasket is provided between the locking nut and the vertical support plate of the tensioning end mechanism. The side of the leveling gasket close to the vertical support plate is set to a spherical surface, and a groove matching the spherical surface of the leveling gasket is provided on the periphery of the through hole on the vertical support plate. The leveling gasket can form a ball hinge structure at the groove and can rotate within a certain range, so that the prestressed bolt can automatically eliminate the position deviation caused by the installation by rotating the leveling gasket during installation, and finally play the function of adaptive leveling of the device;

[0017] The device of the present invention is small in size, and the application of prestress can be completed by tightening the locking nut with an electric wrench or a digital wrench. It is easy to operate and does not require additional large equipment such as a jack or an oil pump. Therefore, it can be easily installed and function in a narrow space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is the front view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a top view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed end mechanism in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is the front view of the fixed end mechanism in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a top view of the fixed end mechanism in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tensioning end mechanism in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the leveling gasket in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 It is the front view of the leveling gasket in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10It is a top view of the leveling gasket in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the tensioning end mechanism and the leveling gasket in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 12 This is a front view of the tensioning end mechanism and the leveling gasket after assembly in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the prestressed bolt in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the installation of the present invention in a subway tunnel segment.

[0032] In the figure: 1-tensioning end mechanism; 2-leveling gasket; 3-arc-surface adaptive bolt; 4-fixed end mechanism; 5-prestressed bolt; 6-locking nut; 7-segment on the left side of the joint; 8-segment on the right side of the joint; 9-segment joint bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Reference Figure 1-14 , an external bolt prestressing tensioning device suitable for tunnel segment joints, including a fixed end mechanism 4, a tensioning end mechanism 1, an arc-shaped adaptive bolt 3, a prestressed bolt 5 and a locking nut 6. The fixed end mechanism 4 and the tensioning end mechanism 1 each include a horizontal support plate, and the bottom of the ends of the two horizontal support plates away from each other are fixedly connected to the vertical support plates, the screw portions of the prestressed bolt 5 pass through the through holes on the vertical support plates of the fixed end mechanism 4 and the through holes on the vertical support plates of the tensioning end mechanism 1 in turn and are installed with locking nuts 6, and the tops of the ends of the two horizontal support plates away from each other are fixedly connected to ear plates, and both ear plates are provided with fixing holes, which are used to cooperate with the fixing bolts on the structure to be reinforced, thereby realizing the fixation of the fixed end mechanism 4 and the tensioning end mechanism 1 to the structure to be reinforced.

[0035] By tightening the locking nut 6, the fixed end mechanism 4 and the tensioning end mechanism 1 can respectively drive the corresponding structure to be reinforced to move toward each other, thereby suppressing the expansion deformation of the structure to be reinforced and reinforcing the structure to be reinforced.

[0036] In this embodiment, side panels are fixedly connected between the two sides of the vertical support plate and the bottom of the two sides of the horizontal support plate, and the side panels are parallel to each other. The provision of two side panels can increase the strength and stability of the connection between the vertical support plate and the horizontal support plate, thereby improving the overall strength and stability of the fixed end mechanism 4 and the tensioning end mechanism 1.

[0037] In this embodiment, the apertures of the through holes on the two vertical support plates are larger than the nominal diameter of the prestressed bolts 5; a leveling washer 2 is provided between the locking nut 6 and the vertical support plate of the tensioning end mechanism 1, and the leveling washer 2 is sleeved on the prestressed bolt 5. The side of the leveling washer 2 close to the vertical support plate of the tensioning end mechanism 1 is set to a spherical surface, and a groove matching the spherical surface of the leveling washer 2 is provided on the periphery of the through hole on the vertical support plate of the tensioning end mechanism 1. The leveling washer 2 can form a spherical hinge structure at the groove, which can rotate within a certain range, so that the prestressed bolt 5 can automatically eliminate the position deviation caused by installation by rotating the leveling washer 2 during installation, ultimately achieving the function of adaptive leveling of the device.

[0038] In this embodiment, both horizontal support plates are provided with a plurality of bolt holes. Several cambered surface adaptive bolts 3 are threaded upward through the corresponding bolt holes. The cambered surface adaptive bolts 3 are threadedly connected to the corresponding bolt holes. The top ends of the cambered surface adaptive bolts 3 are designed to contact the curved surface of the structure to be reinforced. By adjusting the height of each cambered surface adaptive bolt 3, it can fit and adapt to various curved surfaces.

[0039] In this embodiment, the bottom end of the ear plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the horizontal support plate, and the top end of the ear plate is tilted outward.

[0040] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0041] First, the ear plates of the fixed end mechanism 4 and the tensioning end mechanism 1 are respectively mounted on the corresponding pipe segment joint bolts 9 through the fixing holes, and then the arc surface adaptive bolts 3 on the fixed end mechanism 4 and the tensioning end mechanism 1 are adjusted so that the fixed end mechanism 4 and the tensioning end mechanism 1 are respectively stuck on the left pipe segment 7 and the right pipe segment 8 of the joint under the cooperation of the ear plates and the arc surface adaptive bolts 3, thereby completing the preliminary fixation of the fixed end mechanism 4 and the tensioning end mechanism 1.

[0042] Subsequently, the leveling gasket 2 is placed in the groove of the tensioning end mechanism 1, and the prestressed bolt 5 is passed through the fixed end mechanism 4, the tensioning end mechanism 1 and the preset through holes on the leveling gasket 2 in turn, and is preliminarily fixed with the locking nut 6 to complete the installation of the device.

[0043] Finally, according to the required prestress, set the appropriate torque and tighten the locking nut 6 with an electric wrench or a digital wrench to complete the application of prestress to the device, thereby recovering the deformation of the pipe joint and improving the overall strength and stiffness of the joint structure.

[0044] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An external bolt prestressing tensioning device suitable for tunnel segment joints, characterized in that: It includes a fixed end mechanism, a tensioning end mechanism, a cambered adaptive bolt, a prestressed bolt and a locking nut, the fixed end mechanism and the tensioning end mechanism both include a horizontal support plate, the bottoms of the ends of the two horizontal support plates away from each other are fixedly connected to the vertical support plates, the screw parts of the prestressed bolts pass through the through holes on the vertical support plate of the fixed end mechanism and the through holes on the vertical support plate of the tensioning end mechanism in sequence and are installed with locking nuts, the tops of the ends of the two horizontal support plates away from each other are fixedly connected to the ear plates, and both the ear plates are provided with fixing holes; A plurality of bolt holes are provided on the two horizontal support plates, and a plurality of the arc surface adaptive bolts pass through the corresponding bolt holes from bottom to top, and the top ends of the arc surface adaptive bolts are used to contact the arc surface of the structure to be reinforced.

2. The external bolt prestressing tensioning device suitable for tunnel segment joints according to claim 1, characterized in that: Side plates are fixedly connected between the two sides of the vertical support plate and the bottoms of the two sides of the horizontal support plate, and the two side plates are parallel to each other.

3. The external bolt prestressing tensioning device suitable for tunnel segment joints according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The diameters of the through holes on the two vertical support plates are both larger than the nominal diameter of the prestressed bolts.

4. The external bolt prestressing tensioning device suitable for tunnel segment joints according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A leveling gasket is provided between the locking nut and the vertical support plate of the tensioning end mechanism, and the leveling gasket is sleeved on the prestressed bolt. The side of the leveling gasket close to the vertical support plate of the tensioning end mechanism is set to a spherical surface, and a groove matching the spherical surface of the leveling gasket is provided on the periphery of the through hole on the vertical support plate of the tensioning end mechanism.

5. The external bolt prestressing tensioning device suitable for tunnel segment joints according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the ear plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the horizontal support plate, and the top end of the ear plate is tilted outward.

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