Positive active material composition rich in lithium and manganese

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a positive active material composition rich in lithium and manganese. A positive electrode active material includes a compound represented by Formula 1: Li (1.1 + a) Mn (0.51 + c) Ni (0.37-x) MxO (2-b) Fb (1) wherein M is Co, Cr, or a combination thereof, 0 < = a < = 0.02, 0lt; blt; 0.01, 0 < = c < = 0.1, and 0 lt; xlt; and 0.1. The positive electrode active material can be used in the background of a lithium ion battery or a battery cell of the lithium ion battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] In at least one aspect, a positive electrode active material for a lithium-ion battery is provided. Background Art

[0002] Compared with currently used nickel cobalt manganese (NCM) and nickel cobalt aluminum (NCA) materials, lithium and manganese rich (LMR) positive electrode active materials are considered to be one of the most promising next-generation cathode materials due to their high weight energy density. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In at least one aspect, a positive electrode active material is provided. The positive electrode active material includes a compound represented by Formula 1: Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.37-x) M x O (2-b) F b (1), where M is Co, Cr, or a combination thereof, -0.02 ≤ a ≤ 0.02, -0.01 ≤ b ≤ 0.01, 0 < x < 0.1, and 0 < c < 0.1.

[0004] In another aspect, a positive electrode for a lithium-ion battery is provided. The positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material includes a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1: Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.37-x) M x O (2-b) F b (1), where M is Co, Cr, or a combination thereof, -0.02 ≤ a ≤ 0.02, -0.01 ≤ b ≤ 0.01, 0 < x < 0.1, and 0 < c < 0.1.

[0005] In another aspect, a rechargeable lithium-ion battery is provided. The rechargeable lithium-ion battery includes at least one lithium-ion battery cell. Each lithium-ion battery cell includes: a positive electrode including a compound represented by Formula 1: Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.37-x) M x O (2-b) F b (1), where M is Co, Cr, or a combination thereof, -0.02 ≤ a ≤ 0.02, -0.01 ≤ b ≤ 0.01, 0 < x < 0.1, and 0 < c < 0.1; a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material; and an electrolyte. Description of the Drawings

[0006] For a further understanding of the nature, objects and advantages of the present disclosure, reference should be made to the following detailed description, read in conjunction with the following drawings, in which like reference numerals represent like elements, and in which:

[0007] Figure 1A . Schematic cross section of a positive electrode including cathode active material on a single side of a current collector.

[0008] Figure 1B . Schematic cross section of a positive electrode including cathode active material on both sides of a current collector.

[0009] Figure 2 .include Figure 1A Schematic cross section of a battery cell with a positive electrode.

[0010] Figure 3 .include Figure 2 Schematic cross section of a battery pack of battery cells. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] Reference will now be made in detail to the currently preferred compositions, embodiments and methods of the present invention, which constitute the best mode of practicing the present invention currently known to the inventors. The accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. However, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely examples of the present invention that can be embodied in various forms and alternative forms. Therefore, the specific details disclosed herein are not to be construed as limiting, but only as a representative basis for any aspect of the present invention and / or for teaching those skilled in the art to adopt the present invention in various ways.

[0012] Unless in the examples or where otherwise expressly indicated, all numerical quantities in this specification indicating amounts of materials or conditions of reaction and / or use should be understood as modified by the word "about" to describe the broadest scope of the invention. Practice within the stated numerical limits is generally preferred. Furthermore, unless expressly stated to the contrary: when a given chemical structure includes a substituent on a chemical moiety (e.g., on an aryl, alkyl, etc.), the substituent is attributed to a more general chemical structure that comprises the given structure; otherwise, percentages, "parts," and ratio values ​​are by weight; the term "polymer" includes "oligomers," "copolymers," "terpolymers," and the like; molecular weights provided for any polymer refer to weight average molecular weights unless otherwise indicated; description of a group or class of materials as suitable or preferred for a given purpose in conjunction with the present invention implies that mixtures of any two or more of the members of the group or class are equally suitable or preferred; description of ingredients in chemical terms refers to the ingredients when added to any combination specified in the specification, and does not necessarily exclude chemical interactions between the ingredients of the mixture once mixed; the first definition of an acronym or other abbreviation applies to all subsequent uses of the same abbreviation herein and applies mutatis mutandis to normal grammatical variations of the initially defined abbreviation; and, unless expressly stated to the contrary, measurements of properties are determined by the same techniques as previously or later mentioned for the same property.

[0013] It must also be noted that, as used in the specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, reference to a component in the singular is intended to include a plurality of components.

[0014] As used herein, the term "about" means that the amount or value in question can be the specified specific value or some other value in its neighborhood. Typically, the term "about" indicating a value is intended to indicate a range within + / - 5% of the value. As an example, the phrase "about 100" indicates a range of 100 + / - 5, i.e., a range of 95 to 105. Typically, when the term "about" is used, it is expected that similar results or effects according to the present invention can be obtained within a range of + / - 5% of the indicated value.

[0015] As used herein, the term "and / or" means that all or only one of the elements of the group may be present. For example, "A and / or B" should mean "only A or only B, or both A and B". In the case of "only A", the term also covers the possibility that B is not present, that is, "only A, but not B".

[0016] It should also be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments and methods described below, as specific components and / or conditions may vary of course. In addition, the terminology used herein is only used to describe the purpose of specific embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0017] The term "comprising" is synonymous with "including," "having," "containing," or "characterized by." These terms are inclusive and open-ended and do not exclude additional, unrecited elements or method steps.

[0018] The phrase "consisting of" excludes any element, step, or ingredient not specified in the claim. When the phrase appears in a clause in the body of a claim, rather than immediately following the preamble, it limits only the elements set forth in that clause; the entire claim does not exclude other elements.

[0019] The phrase "consisting essentially of" limits the scope of a claim to the specified materials or steps, plus those that do not materially affect one or more of the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed subject matter.

[0020] The phrase “consisting of means “including” or “composed of.” Generally, the phrase is used to indicate that an object is formed of a material.

[0021] With respect to the terms "comprising," "consisting of," and "consisting essentially of," where one of these three terms is used herein, the presently disclosed and claimed subject matter may include the use of either of the other two terms.

[0022] The term "one or more" means "at least one", and the term "at least one" means "one or more". The terms "one or more" and "at least one" include "plurality" and "multiple" as subsets. In a refinement, "one or more" includes "two or more".

[0023] The terms "substantially," "generally," or "about" may be used herein to describe the disclosed or claimed embodiments. The term "substantially" may modify a value or relative property disclosed or claimed in the present disclosure. In such instances, "substantially" may mean that the value or relative property it modifies is within ±0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, or 10% of the value or relative property.

[0024] It should also be understood that integer ranges explicitly include all intermediate integers. For example, integer ranges 1 to 10 explicitly include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10. Similarly, ranges 1 to 100 include 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., 97, 98, 99, 100. Similarly, when any range is desired, intermediate values ​​that are increments of the difference between the upper and lower limits divided by 10 may be considered as alternative upper or lower limits. For example, if the range is 1.1 to 2.1, the following values ​​1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, and 2.0 may be selected as lower or upper limits.

[0025] When referring to a numerical quantity, in a refinement, the term "less than" includes a non-inclusive lower limit that is 5% of the number indicated after "less than." For example, in a refinement, "less than 20" includes a non-inclusive lower limit of 1. Thus, this refinement of "less than 20" includes a range between 1 and 20. In another refinement, the term "less than" includes a non-inclusive lower limit that is, in ascending order of priority, 20%, 10%, 5%, or 1% of the number indicated after "less than."

[0026] The term "positive electrode" means the battery cell electrode from which electrical current flows when the lithium-ion battery cell or battery is discharged. Sometimes, the "positive electrode" is called the "cathode".

[0027] The term "negative electrode" means the battery cell electrode into which current flows when the lithium-ion battery cell is discharged. Sometimes, the "negative electrode" is called the "anode."

[0028] The term "cell" or "battery cell" means an electrochemical cell made of at least one positive electrode, at least one negative electrode, an electrolyte and a separator.

[0029] The term "battery" or "battery" is understood to mean an electrical storage device made up of at least one battery cell. In a further development, a "battery" or "battery" is an electrical storage device made up of a plurality of battery cells.

[0030] The term "specific capacity" refers to the capacity per unit mass of the anode active material. The unit of specific capacity is milliampere-hour / gram (mAh / g).

[0031] Current LMR material compositions have inherent problems such as voltage decay during cycling, rate performance, cycling performance, and volumetric energy density. Therefore, an optimized LMR material composition is needed for positive electrode active materials for lithium-ion batteries with improved rate capacity, cell performance, and volumetric energy density.

[0032] The present disclosure provides compositions for lithium manganese-rich (LMR) cathodes in lithium-ion batteries. Conventional LMR compositions have inherent performance issues, namely, voltage decay during cycling, reduced rate performance in continuous cycling, and poor cycling performance. These problems can be alleviated by optimizing the composition of LMR.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the LMR composition is optimized to have a lower Li content (Li2MnO3) than conventional compositions. Such modification improves the cycling performance, power performance, and rate performance by enhancing the voltage decay and electronic and ionic conductivity of the LMR. However, it has been recognized that lower Li content generally results in lower capacity than conventional LMR.

[0034] To address this potential capacity reduction, the LMR compositions are further modified to incorporate increased nickel (Ni) and optimized cobalt (Co) or chromium (Cr) content, with cobalt being the primary focus. Such a modified series of compositions increases the capacity from Ni and Co by controlling the average oxidation state of Ni ions. The optimized Co content also helps to enhance electronic and ionic conductivity.

[0035] In one embodiment, the general formula of the new LMR composition is given as Li 1.10 Mn 0.52 Ni (0.38-x) M x O (2-b) F b , where M can be Co, Cr or a combination thereof. The average oxidation state of Ni ions is controlled between 2 and 2.15. By controlling the F (fluorine) doping content, the average oxidation state of Mn ions is controlled between 3.8 and 4.0, where "b" is also a value between 0 and 0.1.

[0036] In the LMR composition, Li 1.10 Mn 0.52 Ni (0.38-x) M x O (2-b) F b (F-doped Li 1.10 ) represents an optimized lithium content that promotes cycling, mitigates voltage decay, and enhances power performance. This configuration also allows for manipulation of the Ni 3+ and Co 3+ ions to achieve closer to the maximum practical capacity.

[0037] The best Co in this formula 3+ The content is also used to enhance electronic conductivity and power capacity. In this composition, Co 3+The content is further limited to between 0 and 0.06, a constraint that helps balance performance metrics such as capacity and power with yield. 3+ The larger slope area can be achieved by adding F - This is made possible by doping, which effectively reduces the oxidation state of Mn, resulting in 3+ The presence of ions increases.

[0038] Higher initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) leading to increased discharge capacity is another significant advantage. This increased ICE is associated with better structural stability after the initial charge, which can be attributed to the strong metal-fluoride (Me-F) bonding in the composition. In addition, the increased Mn 3+ The content of Mn further enhances the electronic conductivity. 3+ Content and ICE, this adaptation showed enhancement compared to previously known compositions.

[0039] In another embodiment, the general formula of the novel LMR composition is represented by Li 1.12 Mn 0.51 Ni (0.37-x) M x O (2-b) F b , where M can be Co or Cr or a combination thereof. Here, "x" is a variable value between 0 and 0.1, which defines the proportion of M in the composition. The average oxidation state of Ni ions is controlled between 2 and 2.27, while the average oxidation state of manganese (Mn) ions is controlled between 3.8 and 4.0 by controlling the fluorine (F) doping content "b" (which is between 0 and 0.1).

[0040] LMR composition Li 1.12 Mn 0.51 Ni (0.37-x) M x O (2-b) F b Combining F-doping has several advantages. It has been found that Li 1.12 The optimized Li content is used to achieve good cycling, voltage decay and power performance. 3+ and Co 3+ The content of Li 1.12 The maximum practical capacity is achieved in the composition. In addition, the optimized Co3+ content improves electronic conductivity, resulting in better power capacity.

[0041] Limited Co between 0 and 0.1 3+ The content is beneficial to control the performance of capacity and power. Since F- can reduce the oxidation state of Mn, Mn 3+The higher the incorporation of Mn, the larger the slope area can be obtained. Due to the strong metal-fluoride (Me-F) bonding, the better structural stability after the first charge, the higher initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) can lead to higher discharge capacity. In addition, higher Mn 3+ Enhanced electronic conductivity. Higher Mn 3+ content and higher ICE leading to improved overall performance.

[0042] Referring to FIG. 1 , a schematic diagram of a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material is provided. The positive electrode 10 includes a positive electrode active material layer 12 disposed above a positive electrode current collector 14 and generally in contact with the positive electrode active material of the positive electrode current collector. Typically, the positive electrode current collector 14 is a metal plate or metal foil composed of a metal such as aluminum, copper, platinum, zinc, titanium, etc. Currently, aluminum is most commonly used for the positive electrode current collector. The positive electrode active material is represented by Formula 1:

[0043] Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.37-x) M x O (2-b) F b (1)

[0044] in:

[0045] M is Co, Cr or a combination thereof;

[0046] 0≤a≤0.02;

[0047] 0 <b<0.01;

[0048] 0≤c≤0.1; and

[0049] 0 <x<0.1。

[0050] A specific active electrode composition may be Li 1.10 Mn 0.52 Ni (0.38-x) M x O (2-b) F b , where M can be Co, Cr or a combination thereof. The average oxidation state of Ni ions is controlled between 2 and 2.15. By controlling the F doping content, the average oxidation state of Mn ions is controlled between 3.8 and 4.0, where "b" is also a value between 0 and 0.1.

[0051] Another LMR composition is denoted as Li 1.12 Mn 0.51 Ni (0.37-x) M x O (2-b) F b, where M can be Co or Cr or a combination thereof. Here, "x" is a variable value between 0 and 0.1, which defines the proportion of M in the composition. The average oxidation state of Ni ions is controlled between 2 and 2.27, while the average oxidation state of manganese (Mn) ions is controlled between 3.8 and 4.0 by controlling the fluorine (F) doping content "b" (which is between 0 and 0.1).

[0052] refer to Figure 2 , a schematic diagram of a rechargeable lithium-ion battery cell incorporating the positive electrode of FIG. 1 is provided. The battery cell 20 includes a positive electrode 10 as described above, a negative electrode 22, and a separator 24 interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The negative electrode 22 includes a negative electrode collector 26 and a negative electrode active material layer 28 disposed above and generally in contact with the negative electrode collector. Typically, the negative electrode collector 26 is a metal plate or metal foil composed of a metal such as aluminum, copper, platinum, zinc, titanium, etc. Currently, copper is most commonly used for the negative electrode collector. The battery cell is immersed in an electrolyte 30 enclosed by a battery cell housing 32. The electrolyte 30 is absorbed into the separator 24. In other words, the separator 24 includes an electrolyte, thereby allowing lithium ions to move between the negative electrode and the positive electrode. The electrolyte includes a non-aqueous organic solvent and a lithium salt. The non-aqueous organic solvent is used as a medium for transmitting ions participating in the electrochemical reaction of the battery. Advantageously, the battery cell 20 may have a specific capacity greater than 150 mAh / g.

[0053] refer to Figure 3 , providing a positive electrode and Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a rechargeable lithium-ion battery having a battery cell of Figure 2 Typically, the rechargeable lithium-ion battery 40 includes Figure 2 At least one battery cell 20 of the design i . Lithium-ion battery cell 20 i Each of the rechargeable lithium ion batteries 40 includes: a positive electrode 10, which includes a compound represented by Formula 1; a negative electrode 22, which includes a negative electrode active material; and an electrolyte 30, where i is an integer label for each battery cell. Label i is from 1 to nmax, where nmax is the total number of battery cells in the rechargeable lithium ion battery 40. The electrolyte 30 includes a non-aqueous organic solvent and a lithium salt. The non-aqueous organic solvent is used as a medium for transporting ions participating in the electrochemical reaction of the battery. Multiple battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel, or a combination thereof. A voltage output from the battery 40 is provided across terminals 42 and 44. Advantageously, the rechargeable lithium ion battery 40 can have a specific capacity greater than 150 mAh / g for each battery cell therein.

[0054] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3, the separator 24 physically separates the negative electrode 22 from the positive electrode 10, thereby presenting a short circuit, while allowing lithium ion transmission for charging and discharging. Therefore, the separator 24 can be composed of any material suitable for this purpose. Examples of suitable materials that can constitute the separator 24 include, but are not limited to, polytetrafluoroethylene (e.g., ), fiberglass, polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, and combinations thereof. The separator 24 may be in the form of a woven fabric or a nonwoven fabric. The separator 24 may be in the form of a nonwoven fabric or a woven fabric. For example, polyolefin-based polymer separators such as polyethylene and / or polypropylene are commonly used in lithium-ion batteries. In order to ensure heat resistance or mechanical strength, a coated separator including a ceramic or polymer material coating may be used.

[0055] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the electrolyte 30 includes a lithium salt dissolved in a non-aqueous organic solvent. Therefore, the electrolyte 30 includes lithium ions, which can be embedded in the positive electrode active material during discharge and embedded in the anode active material during charge. Examples of lithium salts include, but are not limited to, LiPF6, LiBF4, LiSbF6, LiAsF6, LiC4F9SO3, LiClO4, LiAlO2, LiAlCl4, LiCl, LiI, LiB(C2O4)2, and combinations thereof. In an improved embodiment, the electrolyte includes a lithium salt in an amount of about 0.1M to about 2.0M.

[0056] Still reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the electrolyte includes a non-aqueous organic solvent and a lithium salt. Advantageously, the non-aqueous organic solvent is used as a medium for transporting ions and in particular lithium ions participating in the electrochemical reaction of the battery. Suitable non-aqueous organic solvents include carbonate-based solvents, ester-based solvents, ether-based solvents, ketone-based solvents, alcohol-based solvents, aprotic solvents and combinations thereof. Examples of carbonate-based solvents include, but are not limited to, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methylpropyl carbonate, ethylpropyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate and combinations thereof. Examples of ester-based solvents include, but are not limited to, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, γ-butyrolactone, decanolactone, valerolactone, mevalonolactone, caprolactone and combinations thereof. Examples of ether-based solvents include, but are not limited to, dibutyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, dimethoxyethane, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, etc., and ketone-based solvents may include cyclohexanone, etc. Examples of alcohol-based solvents include, but are not limited to, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, etc. Examples of aprotic solvents include, but are not limited to, nitriles such as R-CN (wherein R is C 2-20Straight chain, branched or cyclic hydrocarbons, which may include double bonds, aromatic rings or ether bonds), amides such as dimethylformamide, dioxolanes such as 1,3-dioxolane, cyclopentane, etc. Advantageously, non-aqueous organic solvents can be used alone. In other variations, mixtures of non-aqueous organic solvents can be used. Such mixtures are generally formulated to optimize battery performance. In an improved scheme, carbonate-based solvents are prepared by mixing cyclic carbonates and linear carbonates. In a variation, the electrolyte 30 may also include vinylene carbonate-based or ethylene carbonate-based compounds to extend the battery cycle life.

[0057] Refer to Figure 1. Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the negative electrode and the positive electrode can be made by methods known to those skilled in the art of lithium-ion batteries. Typically, an active material (e.g., a positive electrode or a negative electrode active material) is mixed with a conductive material, and a binder in a solvent (e.g., N-methylpyrrolidone) is mixed into the active material composition and coated on a current collector. Electrode manufacturing methods are well known and therefore are not described in detail in this specification. The solvent includes N-methylpyrrolidone and the like, but is not limited thereto.

[0058] Refer to Figure 1. Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the positive electrode active material layer 12 includes a positive electrode active material represented by Formula 1, a binder and a conductive material. The binder can increase the bonding properties of the positive electrode active material particles to each other and to the positive electrode current collector 14. Examples of suitable binders include, but are not limited to, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, diacetyl cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, carboxylated polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, polymers containing ethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene, polypropylene, styrene butadiene rubber, acrylate styrene butadiene rubber, epoxy resin, nylon, etc., and combinations thereof. The conductive material provides conductivity to the positive electrode 10. Examples of suitable conductive materials include, but are not limited to, natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, Ketjen black, carbon fiber, copper, metal powder, metal fiber, and combinations thereof. Examples of metal powders and metal fibers are composed of nickel, aluminum, silver, and the like.

[0059] Refer to Figure 1. Figure 2 and Figure 3, the negative electrode active material layer 26 includes a negative electrode active material, a binder, and optionally a conductive material. The negative electrode active materials used herein may be those known to those skilled in the art of lithium ion batteries. The negative electrode active materials include, but are not limited to, carbon-based negative electrode active materials, silicon-based negative electrode active materials, and combinations thereof. Suitable carbon-based negative electrode active materials may include graphite and graphene. Suitable silicon-based negative electrode active materials may include at least one selected from silicon, silicon oxide, silicon oxide coated with conductive carbon on the surface, and silicon (Si) coated with conductive carbon on the surface. For example, silicon oxide may be represented by the formula SiO z Description, wherein z is 0.09 to 1.1. A mixture of carbon-based negative electrode active materials and silicon-based negative electrode active materials can also be used for the negative electrode active material.

[0060] The negative electrode binder increases the bonding properties of the negative electrode active material particles to each other and to the current collector. The binder may be a non-aqueous binder, an aqueous binder, or a combination thereof. Examples of non-aqueous binders may be polyvinyl chloride, carboxylated polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, polymers containing ethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide-imide, polyimide, or a combination thereof. The aqueous binder may be a rubber-based binder or a polymer resin binder. Examples of rubber-based binders include, but are not limited to, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylated styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, acrylic rubber, butyl rubber, fluororubber, and combinations thereof. Examples of polymer resin binders include, but are not limited to, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, epichlorohydrin, polyphosphazene, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer, polyvinyl pyridine, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, latex, polyester resin, acrylic resin, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, and combinations thereof.

[0061] Although exemplary embodiments are described above, these embodiments are not intended to describe all possible forms of the present invention. Rather, the words used in the specification are descriptive rather than restrictive terms, and it should be understood that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, the features of the various embodiments of implementation may be combined to form other embodiments of the present invention.

[0062] According to the present invention, there is provided a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion battery, the positive electrode active material having a compound represented by Formula 1:

[0063] Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x) M x O (2-b) F b (1)

[0064] in:

[0065] M is Co, Cr or a combination thereof,

[0066] 0≤a≤0.02,

[0067] 0 <b<0.1,

[0068] 0≤c≤0.1, and

[0069] 0≤x≤0.1.

[0070] According to an embodiment, a=0 and c=0.01.

[0071] According to an embodiment, a=0.1 and c=0.

[0072] According to an embodiment, the average oxidation state of Mn is between 3.8 and 4.0.

[0073] According to the present invention, there is provided a positive electrode for a lithium ion battery, the positive electrode having a positive electrode active material, the positive electrode active material comprising a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1:

[0074] Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x) M x O (2-b) F b (1)

[0075] in:

[0076] M is Co, Cr or a combination thereof,

[0077] 0≤a≤0.02,

[0078] 0 <b<0.1,

[0079] 0≤c≤0.1, and

[0080] 0≤x≤0.1.

[0081] According to an embodiment, a=0 and c=0.01.

[0082] According to an embodiment, a=0.1 and c=0.

[0083] According to an embodiment, the average oxidation state of Mn is between 3.8 and 4.0.

[0084] According to the present invention, there is provided a rechargeable lithium ion battery having at least one lithium ion battery cell, each lithium ion battery cell comprising: a positive electrode, the positive electrode comprising a positive electrode active material as represented by Formula 1:

[0085] Li (1.1+a) Mn (0.51+c) Ni (0.38-x) M x O (2-b) F b (1)

[0086] in:

[0087] M is Co, Cr or a combination thereof,

[0088] 0≤a≤0.02,

[0089] 0 <b<0.1,

[0090] 0≤c≤0.1, and

[0091] 0≤x≤0.1;

[0092] a negative electrode comprising a negative electrode active material; and

[0093] Electrolytes.

[0094] According to an embodiment, for the positive electrode active material, a=0 and c=0.01.

[0095] According to an embodiment, for the positive electrode active material, a=0.1 and c=0.

[0096] According to an embodiment, in the positive electrode active material, the average oxidation state of Mn is between 3.8 and 4.0.

[0097] According to an embodiment, the at least one lithium-ion battery cell is a plurality of battery cells.

[0098] According to an embodiment, each battery cell further comprises a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0099] According to an embodiment, each battery cell has a specific capacity of more than 150 mAh / g.

Claims

1. A positive electrode active material for a lithium-ion battery, the positive electrode active material comprising a compound represented by General Formula 1: Li (1.1+a) Mr (0.51+c) Ni (0.37-x) M x O (2-b) F b (1) Wherein: M is Co, Cr, or a combination thereof, 0≤a≤0.02， 0<b<0.01， 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.1, and 0<x<0.1。 2. The positive electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein a = 0 and c = 0.

01.

3. The positive electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein a = 0.1 and c = 0.

4. The positive electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein the average oxidation state of Mn is between 3.8 and 4.

0.

5. A positive electrode for a lithium-ion battery, the positive electrode comprising a positive electrode active material, the positive electrode active material comprising a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1: Li (1.1+a) Mr (0.51+c) Ni (0.37-x) M x O (2-b) F b (1) Wherein: M is Co, Cr, or a combination thereof, -0.02≤a≤0.02， -0.01≤b≤0.01， 0 < c < 0.1, and 0<x<0.1。 6. The positive electrode according to claim 5, wherein a = 0 and c = 0.

01.

7. The positive electrode according to claim 5, wherein a = 0.1 and c = 0.

8. The positive electrode according to claim 5, wherein the average oxidation state of Mn is between 3.8 and 4.

0.

9. A rechargeable lithium-ion battery, the rechargeable lithium-ion battery comprising at least one lithium-ion battery cell, each lithium-ion battery cell comprising a positive electrode, the positive electrode comprising a positive electrode active material represented by Formula 1: Li (1.1+a) Mr (0.51+c) Ni (0.37-x) M x O (2-b) F b (1) Wherein: M is Co, Cr, or a combination thereof, -0.02≤a≤0.02， -0.01≤b≤0.01， 0 ≤ c ≤ 0.1, and 0<x<0.1； a negative electrode, the negative electrode comprising a negative electrode active material; and an electrolyte.

10. The rechargeable lithium-ion battery according to claim 9, wherein for the positive electrode active material, a = 0 and c = 0.

01.

11. The rechargeable lithium-ion battery according to claim 9, wherein for the positive electrode active material, a = 0.1 and c = 0.

12. The rechargeable lithium-ion battery according to claim 9, wherein for the positive electrode active material, the average oxidation state of Mn is between 3.8 and 4.

0.

13. The rechargeable lithium-ion battery according to claim 9, wherein at least one lithium-ion battery cell is a plurality of battery cells.

14. The rechargeable lithium-ion battery according to claim 9, wherein each battery cell further comprises a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

15. The rechargeable lithium-ion battery according to claim 9, wherein each battery cell has a specific capacity greater than 150 mAh / g.

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