Intertilling straw-crushing weed killer suitable for two-in-two air planting

Abstract

The invention discloses an intertillage straw-crushing weed killer suitable for two-to-two space planting, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. Comprising a three-point suspension, a main gearbox, a machine frame, a straw smashing device and a weed killing device, the two ends of an output shaft of the main gearbox are symmetrically connected with weed killing cutter set transmission cases arranged on the two outer sides of the machine frame, straw smashing cutter set transmission cases arranged on the two inner sides of the machine frame are symmetrically connected to the output shafts on the two sides of the main gearbox, and straw smashing cutter sets are located at the working front ends of the weed killing cutter sets. Arranging in the same column; the distance L3 between the straw smashing devices on the two sides of the main gearbox ranges from 900 mm to 1260 mm, the working breadth L4 of the straw smashing cutter set and the working breadth L4 of the weed killing cutter set range from 540 mm to 600 mm, the distance L1 between every two formed corn seedling rows ranges from 500 mm to 600 mm, and the empty ridge distance L2 between every two formed corn seedling rows ranges from 1000 mm to 1200 mm. Straw and weeds are smashed through the straw smashing cutter set and the straw smashing fixed cutter installed on the cover plate, and the weed killing cutter set conducts shallow rotation on empty rows to remove grass roots in a soil layer of 5 cm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a tillage straw chopping and weed killing machine suitable for two-component air planting. Background Art

[0002] Corn is an important food crop in my country, and its planting area and yield rank first among food crops. Conservation tillage covers the ground with crop straw by tilling or no tillage of farmland, thus returning straw to the field and increasing soil nutrients. The two-to-empty planting mode is to leave one ridge unplanted every other ridge when planting corn, so as to optimize land use and increase yield. The two-to-empty planting mode often uses straw returning to the row before sowing, and cleans the straw from the seedling belt into the empty ridge. Due to the poor straw crushing effect during mechanical harvesting of corn, the presence of long straw leads to poor straw rot, which affects the effect of returning straw to the field under conservation tillage. At the same time, the probability of weed occurrence increases due to straw coverage, which requires the use of more herbicides and pesticides, thereby increasing costs and affecting the environment. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above existing technical problems, in order to improve the effect of straw crushing and returning to the field and weed treatment, the present invention provides a straw crushing and weed killing machine suitable for two-ratio empty planting. It can realize secondary crushing of empty ridge straw and mechanical weed removal during the cultivation operation, improve the effect of straw returning to the field, and reduce the use of chemical herbicides.

[0004] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention discloses a straw-chopping and weed-killing machine suitable for two-way planting, comprising a three-point suspension, a main gearbox, a frame, a straw-chopping device and a weed-killing device, wherein the weed-killing device comprises a weed-killing knife group and a weed-killing knife group transmission box installed on the frame, the straw-chopping device comprises a straw-chopping knife group and a straw-chopping knife group transmission box installed on the frame, a three-point suspension frame connected to a traction machine and a main gearbox are arranged at the working front end of the frame, two ends of the output shaft of the main gearbox are symmetrically connected to the weed-killing knife group transmission boxes arranged on two outer sides of the frame, and the ... two outer sides of the frame. The output shaft is symmetrically connected to the straw-chopping knife group transmission box placed on both inner sides of the frame. The straw-chopping knife group is located at the working front end of the weeding knife group and is arranged in the same row with an axis spacing of 750-800mm; the spacing L3 of the straw-chopping devices on both sides of the main gearbox is 900-1260mm, and the working width L4 of the straw-chopping knife group and the weeding knife group is 540mm-600mm, so that the spacing L1 between two rows of corn seedlings is 500-600mm, and the spacing L2 between empty ridges of corn seedlings is 1000-1200mm.

[0006] Furthermore, the straw chopping knife group includes a straw chopping knife shaft, a plurality of straw chopping knife seats and a Y-shaped straw chopping knife. Both ends of the straw chopping knife shaft are installed on the side panels. The Y-shaped straw chopping knife is installed on the straw chopping knife shaft through the straw chopping knife seats in the same direction and is arranged in a spiral shape along the straw chopping knife shaft. Three straw chopping knife seats are evenly distributed on each rotating circle of the straw chopping knife shaft, and the distance between two adjacent groups of straw chopping knife seats is 180-200mm; the working width L4 of the straw chopping knife group is 540mm-600mm.

[0007] Furthermore, the weeding knife group includes a weeding knife shaft, two weeding knife discs and multiple L-shaped weeding curved knives. The L-shaped weeding curved knives are symmetrically installed on the circumference of both sides of the weeding knife discs, with the L-shaped bend facing outward. There are 16 L-shaped weeding curved knives evenly distributed on each weeding knife disc, with 8 L-shaped weeding curved knives on each side. The two weeding knife discs are arranged side by side on the weeding knife shaft, and the L-shaped weeding curved knives thereon are arranged in a spiral line along the weeding knife shaft; the working width L4 of the weeding knife group is 540mm-600mm.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes side panels and cover panels. The side panels are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the straw chopping knife group and the weeding knife group. Cover panels are arranged on the top of the two side panels. The side panels are connected to the frame. The straw chopping knife group and the weeding knife group are placed under the cover panels. Three straw chopping fixed knives are arranged on the inner side of the cover panels, which are respectively arranged opposite to the three groups of Y-shaped straw chopping curved knives to realize straw cutting by the movable and fixed knife combination.

[0009] Furthermore, the straw-chopping fixed knife is a straight knife, and the straw-chopping fixed knife and the Y-shaped straw-chopping curved knife are in the same rotation plane. The distance between the straw-chopping fixed knife and the end of the Y-shaped straw-chopping curved knife is 20-30 mm, thereby ensuring the cutting of the straw.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0011] 1. The present invention uses the rear output shaft of the tractor to drive the left and right straw cutting knife groups and the left and right weeding knife groups to rotate at high speed through the main gearbox, the straw cutting knife group transmission boxes on both sides and the weeding knife group transmission boxes. The straw and weeds are crushed by the straw cutting knife group and the straw cutting fixed knife installed on the straw cutting cover plate. The weeding knife group performs shallow rotation in the air to remove grass roots within a 5cm soil layer.

[0012] 2. The straw shredder device of the present invention arranges a plurality of Y-shaped straw shredders in a spiral shape along the straw shredder knife axis, and a straw shredder fixed knife is provided on the cover plate. The straw shredder knife and the straw shredder fixed knife cooperate to achieve straw shredding, and the distance between two adjacent groups of straw shredder knife seats is 180-200mm; so that the working width L4 of the straw shredder knife group is 540mm-600mm.

[0013] 3. The weeding device of the present invention symmetrically installs L-shaped weeding curved blades on the circumference of both sides of the weeding blade disc. The two weeding blade discs are arranged side by side on the weeding blade shaft, and the L-shaped weeding curved blades thereon are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the weeding width L4 is 540mm-600mm, which effectively ensures shallow rotation weeding between rows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the .

[0016] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Left view of .

[0017] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the medium straw cutting knife group.

[0018] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the medium weed-killing knife set.

[0019] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the tillage straw chopper and corn seedling row of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: three-point suspension 1, main gearbox 2, weeding knife group transmission box 3, straw cutting knife group transmission box 4, frame 5, side plate 6, cover plate 7, straw cutting fixed knife 8, straw cutting knife group 9, straw cutting knife shaft 91, straw cutting knife seat 92, Y-shaped straw cutting curved knife 93, weeding knife group 10, weeding knife shaft 101, weeding knife disc 102, L-shaped weeding curved knife 103. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Embodiment: The present invention is a straw chopping and weeding machine suitable for two-way planting, comprising a three-point suspension 1, a main gearbox 2, a frame 5, a straw chopping device and a weeding device, the weeding device comprising a weeding knife group 10 and a weeding knife group transmission box 3 installed on the frame 5, the straw chopping device comprising a straw chopping knife group 9 and a straw chopping knife group transmission box 4 installed on the frame 5, a three-point suspension frame 1 connected to a traction machine and a main gearbox 2 are arranged at the front end of the frame 5, the two ends of the output shaft of the main gearbox 2 are symmetrically connected to the weeding knife group transmission boxes 3 arranged on the two outer sides of the frame 5, and the main gearbox 2 is connected to the weeding knife group transmission boxes 3 arranged on the two outer sides of the frame 5. The output shafts on both sides of the box 2 are symmetrically connected to the straw cutting knife group transmission box 4 placed on the inner sides of the frame 5. The straw cutting knife group 9 is located at the working front end of the weeding knife group 10 and is arranged in the same row with an axis spacing of 750-800mm; the spacing L3 of the straw cutting devices on both sides of the main gearbox 2 is 900-1260mm, and the working width L4 of the straw cutting knife group 9 and the weeding knife group 10 is 540mm-600mm, so that the spacing L1 between the two corn seedling rows 11 is 500-600mm, and the spacing L2 between the empty ridges of the corn seedling rows is 1000-1200mm.

[0023] The present invention connects a tractor serving as a traction machine to a three-point suspension frame 1, and the power output shaft of the tractor is connected to a main gearbox 2 to drive the main gearbox 2 to rotate. The output shaft of the main gearbox 2 drives an empty ridge straw chopping knife group 9 and a weeding knife group 10 to rotate at high speed through a straw chopping knife group transmission box 4 and a weeding knife group transmission box 3, respectively, to achieve inter-row straw crushing and mechanical weeding under protective tillage straw returning to the field, thereby improving the straw crushing and weed treatment effects.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes side panels 6 and cover panels 7. The side panels 6 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the straw chopping knife group 9 and the weeding knife group 10. The side panels 6 are installed on the frame. Cover panels 7 are arranged on the top of the two side panels 6. The straw chopping knife group and the weeding knife group are both placed under the cover panels 7. Three straw chopping fixed knives 8 are arranged on the inner side of the cover panel 7. The three straw chopping fixed knives on the inner side of the cover panel are respectively arranged opposite to the three groups of Y-shaped straw chopping curved knives. The high-speed rotating straw chopping knife group cooperates with the straw chopping fixed knife 8 in the cover panel 7 to realize the cutting of straw by the moving and fixed knife combination.

[0025] Furthermore, the straw chopping knife group 9 includes a straw chopping knife shaft 91, a plurality of straw chopping knife seats 92 and a Y-shaped straw chopping knife 93. Both ends of the straw chopping knife shaft 91 are installed on the side panels 6. The Y-shaped straw chopping knife 93 is installed on the straw chopping knife shaft 91 through the straw chopping knife seats 92 in the same direction and is arranged in a spiral shape along the straw chopping knife shaft 91. Three straw chopping knife seats 92 are evenly distributed on each rotating circle of the straw chopping knife shaft 91, and the distance between two adjacent groups of straw chopping knife seats 92 is 180-200mm. The working width L4 of the straw chopping knife group 9 is 540mm-600mm. The straw-chopping fixed knife 8 is a straight knife, and the straw-chopping fixed knife 8 and the Y-shaped straw-chopping curved knife 93 are in the same rotating plane. The distance between the straw-chopping fixed knife 8 and the end of the Y-shaped straw-chopping curved knife 93 is 20-30 mm. The straw-chopping knife group 10 can realize the picking up and crushing of empty straw. The straw-chopping fixed knife 8 cooperates with the Y-shaped straw-chopping curved knife 93 to realize the secondary crushing of straw during the tillage period.

[0026] In order to meet the high-speed rotation of the two straw cutting knife groups 9, the straw cutting knife group transmission boxes 4 on both sides adopt a belt transmission method. The straw cutting knife group transmission boxes 4 are driven to rotate through the main gearbox 2 and the transmission shaft, thereby driving the straw cutting knife group 9 to rotate, and the speed range is 1600r / min-1800r / min.

[0027] Furthermore, the weeding knife group 10 includes a weeding knife shaft 101, two weeding knife discs 102 and a plurality of L-shaped weeding curved knives 103. The L-shaped weeding curved knives are symmetrically installed on the circumference of both sides of the weeding knife disc, with the L-shaped bend facing outward. There are 16 L-shaped weeding curved knives evenly distributed on each weeding knife disc, 8 L-shaped weeding curved knives on each side, and two weeding knife discs are arranged side by side on the weeding knife shaft, and the L-shaped weeding curved knives thereon are arranged in a spiral line along the weeding knife shaft; the working width L4 of the weeding knife group is 540mm-600mm. The weeding knife group 10 can realize rotary tillage of shallow soil, thereby completely chopping the weed roots within the 5cm soil layer.

[0028] In order to meet the larger torque of the two weeding knife groups 10 entering the soil, the weeding knife group transmission boxes 3 on both sides adopt a chain transmission method, and drive the weeding knife groups 10 to rotate through the main gearbox 2 and the transmission shaft, and the speed range is 380r / min-480r / min.

[0029] The present invention is connected to a three-point suspension frame 1 by a tractor, and the power output shaft of the tractor is connected to a main gearbox 2, which drives the main gearbox 2 to rotate, and the output shaft of the main gearbox 2 drives the straw-chopping knife shaft 91 and the weeding knife shaft 101 to rotate respectively through the straw-chopping knife group transmission box 4 and the weeding knife group transmission box 3, thereby driving the Y-shaped straw-chopping curved knife 93 and the L-shaped weeding curved knife 103 to rotate at high speed, so as to realize the secondary crushing and mechanical weeding of the cultivated straw under the protective tillage straw return to the field, and improve the straw crushing and weed treatment effect. After the machine of the present invention is used for straw chopping and weeding, the spacing between the two corn seedling rows 11 is L1, and the range of L1 is 500-600mm; the spacing between the empty ridges of the corn seedling rows is L2, and the range of L2 is 1000-1200mm.

[0030] The invention is suitable for ridge-to-ridge straw cutting and weed control when the height of corn seedlings is 40-50 cm. The invention can adjust the spacing L3 of the two straw cutting knife groups on both sides according to different two-ratio space planting modes of 500-1000 and 600-1200, and the range of L3 is 900-1260 mm.

[0031] Embodiment 1: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that: this embodiment is suitable for a two-ratio empty planting mode with a ridge spacing of 500-1000mm, and the axial spacing between the straw chopping knife group and the weeding knife group in this embodiment is 800mm; the spacing L3 of the straw chopping devices on both sides of the main gearbox is 900mm, and the spacing between two adjacent groups of straw chopping knife seats is 200mm; the distance between the straw chopping fixed knife and the end of the Y-shaped straw chopping curved knife is 20mm to ensure the cutting of the straw; the working width L4 of the straw chopping knife group and the weeding knife group is 600mm, forming a spacing L1 of 500mm between two rows of corn seedlings, and a spacing L2 of 1000mm between empty ridges of the corn seedling rows.

[0032] Embodiment 2: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that: this embodiment is suitable for a two-ratio empty planting mode with a ridge spacing of 600-1200mm, and the axial spacing between the straw chopping knife group and the weeding knife group in this embodiment is 800mm; the spacing L3 of the straw chopping devices on both sides of the main gearbox is 1260mm, and the spacing between two adjacent groups of straw chopping knife seats is 180mm; the distance between the straw chopping fixed knife and the end of the Y-shaped straw chopping curved knife is 25mm to ensure the cutting of the straw; the working width L4 of the straw chopping knife group and the weeding knife group is 540mm, forming a spacing L1 of 600mm between two rows of corn seedlings, and a spacing L2 of 1200mm between empty ridges of the corn seedling rows.

[0033] Embodiment 3: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that: this embodiment is suitable for a two-ratio empty planting mode with a ridge spacing of 520-1040mm, and the axial spacing between the straw chopping knife group and the weeding knife group in this embodiment is 780mm; the spacing L3 between the straw chopping devices on both sides of the main gearbox is 1040mm, and the spacing between two adjacent groups of straw chopping knife seats is 180mm; the distance between the straw chopping fixed knife and the end of the Y-shaped straw chopping curved knife is 30mm to ensure the cutting of the straw; the working width L4 of the straw chopping knife group and the weeding knife group is 540mmmm, forming a spacing L1 of 520mm between two rows of corn seedlings, and a spacing L2 of 1040mm between empty ridges of corn seedling rows.

[0034] Embodiment 4: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that: this embodiment is suitable for a two-ratio empty planting mode with a ridge spacing of 550-1100mm, and the axial spacing between the straw chopping knife group and the weeding knife group in this embodiment is 780mm; the spacing L3 of the straw chopping devices on both sides of the main gearbox is 1050mm, and the spacing between two adjacent groups of straw chopping knife seats is 200mm; the distance between the straw chopping fixed knife and the end of the Y-shaped straw chopping curved knife is 28mm to ensure the cutting of the straw; the working width L4 of the straw chopping knife group and the weeding knife group is 600mm, forming a spacing L1 of 550mm between two rows of corn seedlings, and a spacing L2 of 1100mm between empty ridges of the corn seedling rows.

[0035] The components not described in detail in this application are all existing conventional technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0036] It can be understood that the above specific description of the present invention is only used to illustrate the present invention and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents to achieve the same technical effects; as long as the use requirements are met, they are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw-chopping and weed-killing machine suitable for two-component air planting, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a three-point suspension, a main gearbox, a frame, a straw-chopping device and a weed-killing device. The weed-killing device comprises a weed-killing knife group and a weed-killing knife group transmission box installed on the frame. The straw-chopping device comprises a straw-chopping knife group and a straw-chopping knife group transmission box installed on the frame. A three-point suspension frame and a main gearbox connected to a traction machine are arranged at the working front end of the frame. The two ends of the output shaft of the main gearbox are symmetrically connected to the weed-killing knife group transmission boxes arranged on the two outer sides of the frame. The straw-chopping knife group transmission boxes arranged on the two inner sides of the frame are symmetrically connected to the output shafts on both sides of the main gearbox. The straw-chopping knife group is located at the working front end of the weed-killing knife group and is arranged in the same row. The shaft spacing is 750-800mm; the spacing L3 of the straw-chopping devices on both sides of the main gearbox is 900-1260mm, the working width L4 of the straw-chopping knife group and the weed-killing knife group is 540mm-600mm, the spacing L1 between two rows of corn seedlings is 500-600mm, and the spacing L2 between empty ridges of the corn seedling rows is 1000-1200mm.

2. The tillage straw chopping and weed killing machine suitable for two-component air planting according to claim 1 is characterized by: The straw chopping knife group includes a straw chopping knife shaft, multiple straw chopping knife seats and a Y-shaped straw chopping knife. Both ends of the straw chopping knife shaft are installed on side panels. The Y-shaped straw chopping knife is installed on the straw chopping knife shaft through the straw chopping knife seats in the same direction and is arranged in a spiral line along the straw chopping knife shaft. Three straw chopping knife seats are evenly distributed on each rotating circle of the straw chopping knife shaft, and the distance between two adjacent groups of straw chopping knife seats is 180-200mm; the working width L4 of the straw chopping knife group is 540mm-600mm.

3. The tillage straw chopping and weed killing machine suitable for two-component air planting according to claim 1 is characterized by: The weeding knife group includes a weeding knife shaft, two weeding knife discs and multiple L-shaped weeding curved knives. The L-shaped weeding curved knives are symmetrically installed on the circumference of both sides of the weeding knife discs, with the L-shaped bends facing outwards. There are 16 L-shaped weeding curved knives evenly distributed on each weeding knife disc, with 8 L-shaped weeding curved knives on each side. Two weeding knife discs are arranged side by side on the weeding knife shaft, and the L-shaped weeding curved knives thereon are arranged in a spiral line along the weeding knife shaft; the working width L4 of the weeding knife group is 540mm-600mm.

4. The tillage straw chopping and weed killing machine suitable for two-component air planting according to claim 1 is characterized by: The machine also includes side panels and cover panels. The side panels are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the straw-chopping knife group and the weeding knife group. Cover panels are arranged on the top of the two side panels. The side panels are connected to the frame. The straw-chopping knife group and the weeding knife group are placed under the cover panels. Three straw-chopping fixed knives are arranged on the inner side of the cover panels, which are respectively arranged opposite to the three groups of Y-shaped straw-chopping curved knives to realize the cutting of straw by the combination of movable and fixed knives.

5. The tillage straw chopping and weed killing machine suitable for two-component air planting according to claim 4 is characterized by: The straw-chopping fixed knife is a straight knife, and the straw-chopping fixed knife and the Y-shaped straw-chopping curved knife are in the same rotation plane. The distance between the straw-chopping fixed knife and the end of the Y-shaped straw-chopping curved knife is 20-30 mm, so as to ensure the cutting of the straw.

Images