Method for enriching apples with selenium through nano-selenium treatment

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for enriching selenium in apples through nano-selenium treatment, and relates to the technical field of agriculture, and the method is technically characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, in the growth period of the apples, spraying a nano-selenium-rich fertilizer solution on leaf surfaces; s2, spraying for three times in the apple growth period, wherein the spraying interval is 30 days; s3, respectively collecting a leaf sample and a fruit sample for analysis one week and one month after spraying each time, and determining the photosynthetic intensity, the oxidation resistance and the organic selenium content. According to the method, an efficient, simple, convenient and environment-friendly apple selenium-enriched cultivation technology is provided, the content of organic selenium of Fuji apples can be effectively increased by spraying the nano selenium-enriched fertilizer on the leaf surfaces, the photosynthetic strength of the leaves is improved to different degrees, the oxidation resistance of the fruits is improved, and then the comprehensive quality of the fruits is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, and in particular to a method for enriching apples with selenium through nano-selenium treatment. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the improvement of people's living standards and the enhancement of health awareness, consumers have an increasing demand for fruits rich in trace elements and high nutritional value. Selenium is an important trace element with multiple physiological functions such as anti-oxidation, improving immunity, and anti-cancer, and is known as the "spark of life". However, the selenium content in the natural environment is generally low, resulting in the selenium content in crops and fruits being difficult to meet human health needs. Therefore, how to effectively increase the selenium content in crops and fruits has become an important topic in agricultural scientific research.

[0003] Apple is one of the most widely grown and consumed fruits in the world, especially the 'Fuji' apple, which is loved by consumers for its excellent quality and wide adaptability. However, the selenium content of the 'Fuji' apples currently on the market is low, which is difficult to meet consumers' demand for high-selenium fruits. Traditional selenium fertilizer application methods have problems such as low selenium utilization and uneven application, making it difficult to significantly increase the selenium content in apples. Therefore, an efficient and simple selenium application method is urgently needed to increase the selenium content of 'Fuji' apples. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a method for enriching apples with selenium by nano-selenium treatment. Nano-selenium has the advantages of high biological activity and high absorption and utilization rate due to its unique physical and chemical properties, and is widely used in the fields of agriculture, food and medicine. Nano-selenium treatment can significantly improve the absorption and utilization efficiency of crops for selenium, and effectively increase the selenium content in crops.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A method for enriching apples with selenium by nano-selenium treatment comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. During the apple growth period, use nano-selenium-rich fertilizer solution for foliar spraying;

[0007] S2, spray 3 times in total during the apple growth period, with an interval of 30 days between each spraying;

[0008] S3. Leaf samples and fruit samples were collected one week and one month after each spraying for analysis to determine the photosynthetic intensity, antioxidant capacity and organic selenium content.

[0009] Preferably, the concentration of the nano-selenium-rich fertilizer solution is 10 to 40 mg / L.

[0010] Preferably, the concentration of the nano-selenium-rich fertilizer solution is 30 mg / L.

[0011] Preferably, the apples are sprayed three times in total during the growing period, in early June, early July and early August, with an interval of 30 days between each spraying.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, this solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] Significantly increase the selenium content: By using a nano-selenium-rich fertilizer solution with a concentration of 30 mg / L for foliar spraying, the method of the present invention can significantly increase the organic selenium content of "Fuji" apples, so that the selenium content of the fruit reaches 45ug / kg, which is much higher than the control group and within the national standard range (10-50ug / kg).

[0014] Improvement of comprehensive fruit quality: The method of the present invention not only increases the selenium content and antioxidant capacity of the fruit, but also improves the comprehensive quality of the fruit, including color, taste and nutritional value, thereby enhancing the market competitiveness of apples.

[0015] Easy and efficient operation: Foliar spraying is easy to operate and requires few spraying times, only one spray in June, July and August, saving time and labor costs, suitable for large-scale promotion and application. Environmentally friendly and safe: The amount of nano-selenium fertilizer solution used is small, and it can be efficiently absorbed, without causing environmental pollution and soil accumulation, which is in line with the development direction of green and environmentally friendly modern agriculture.

[0016] Significant economic benefits: The method of the invention saves 2,000 to 2,500 yuan per mu compared with manual bagging and bag removal, thus saving costs; at the same time, it effectively increases the added value of apples, meets the market demand for high-selenium fruits, helps increase fruit farmers' income, and improves agricultural economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The effect of different concentrations of sodium selenite treatment on the chlorophyll content in the leaves of 'Fuji' apple in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 The effect of different concentrations of sodium selenite treatment on the organic selenium content of 'Fuji' apple in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 The effects of different concentrations of sodium selenite treatment on the external quality of 'Fuji' apples in the examples of the present invention (AD are experimental data of 4 groups of samples);

[0020] Figure 4 The effects of different concentrations of sodium selenite treatment on the intrinsic quality of 'Fuji' apples in the examples of the present invention (AF are experimental data of 6 groups of samples);

[0021] Figure 5Effects of different concentrations of nano-selenium-rich fertilizer on chlorophyll content in 'Fuji' apple leaves in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 Effects of different concentrations of nano-selenium-rich fertilizer on the organic selenium content of Fuji apples in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 Effects of different concentrations of nano-selenium-rich fertilizer on the external quality of 'Fuji' apples in the embodiments of the present invention (AD are experimental data of 4 groups of samples);

[0024] Figure 8 Effects of different concentrations of nano-selenium-rich fertilizer on the intrinsic quality of Fuji apples in the examples of the present invention (AF are experimental data of 6 groups of samples). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0027] Example:

[0028] The experiment site of this embodiment was selected in the organic sightseeing apple orchard of Xiuhua Farm in Changping District, Beijing. Eight-year-old 'Fuji' apple trees were selected and randomly divided into 9 groups, each with 20 trees, a control group and 8 treatment groups, each of which was sprayed with different concentrations of sodium selenite and nano-selenium-enriched fertilizer solutions.

[0029] Materials and equipment:

[0030] Sodium selenite: concentrations are 0mg / L, 25mg / L, 50mg / L, 100mg / L, 150mg / L

[0031] Nano-selenium-rich fertilizer: concentrations are 10mg / L, 20mg / L, 30mg / L, and 40mg / L respectively.

[0032] Sprayer: Hand-held sprayer with a capacity of 5 liters.

[0033] Protective equipment: gloves, goggles, masks.

[0034] Measuring equipment: photosynthesis meter, antioxidant capacity meter, selenium content meter.

[0035] Method steps:

[0036] 1. Solution preparation

[0037] Control group: No nano-selenium-rich fertilizer was added, and only clean water was sprayed.

[0038] Treatment groups: 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg, 300 mg of sodium selenite solution and 20 mg, 40 mg, 60 mg, 80 mg of nano-selenium-rich fertilizer were dissolved in 2 liters of water, respectively.

[0039] Table 1 Fertilizer treatment table

[0040]

[0041] 2 Spraying operation

[0042] First spraying: In early June, choose a windless, sunny day and early morning with high humidity for spraying.

[0043] Second spraying: In early July, repeat the above spraying steps.

[0044] Third spraying: In early August, repeat the above spraying steps.

[0045] When spraying, keep the nozzle of the sprayer about 30 cm away from the leaves to ensure that each leaf is evenly covered.

[0046] 3 Data collection

[0047] Leaf samples and fruit samples were collected 1 week and 1 month after each spraying, respectively.

[0048] 3.1 Effects of sodium selenite on leaves of ‘Fuji’ apple during growth period

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, sodium selenite in the W3 treatment group had the greatest effect on the chlorophyll content in the leaves of 'Fuji' apple.

[0050] 3.2 Effects of sodium selenite on leaves of ‘Fuji’ apple during growth period

[0051] Table 2 Effects of different concentrations of sodium selenite on photosynthetic physiological parameters of 'Fuji' apple

[0052]

[0053] Table 2-1 Effects of different concentrations of sodium selenite on photosynthetic physiological parameters of 'Fuji' apple

[0054]

[0055] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard error. The same letters in the same column indicate that there is no significant difference among the treatments at the P = 0.05 level.

[0056] From Table 2 and Table 2-1, it can be seen that, in general, sodium selenite in the W3 treatment group had the greatest effect on the photosynthetic physiological parameters of 'Fuji' apple.

[0057] 3.3 Effect of sodium selenite on organic selenium content in ‘Fuji’ apples

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, sodium selenite in the W3 treatment group had the greatest effect on the organic selenium content of 'Fuji' apples.

[0059] 3.4 Effect of sodium selenite on external quality of ‘Fuji’ apple

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, sodium selenite in the W3 treatment group had the greatest effect on the external quality of 'Fuji' apples.

[0061] 3.5 Effect of sodium selenite on the intrinsic quality of 'Fuji' apple

[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, sodium selenite in most W3 treatment groups had the greatest effect on the internal quality of 'Fuji' apples.

[0063] 3.6 Effects of Nano-Selenium-Enriched Fertilizer on Leaves of 'Fuji' Apple During Growth

[0064] like Figure 5 As shown, sodium selenite in the N3 treatment group had the greatest effect on the chlorophyll content in the leaves of 'Fuji' apple.

[0065] 3.7 Effects of Nano-Selenium-Enriched Fertilizer on Leaves of 'Fuji' Apple During Growth

[0066] Table 3 Effects of different concentrations of nano-selenium-enriched fertilizer on photosynthetic physiological parameters of 'Fuji' apple

[0067]

[0068] Table 3-1 Effects of different concentrations of nano-selenium-enriched fertilizer on photosynthetic physiological parameters of 'Fuji' apple

[0069]

[0070] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard error. The same letters in the same column indicate that there is no significant difference among the treatments at the P = 0.05 level.

[0071] From Table 3 and Table 3-1, it can be seen that, in general, sodium selenite in the N3 treatment group had the greatest effect on the photosynthetic physiological parameters of 'Fuji' apple.

[0072] 3.8 Effect of Nano-Selenium-Enriched Fertilizer on Organic Selenium Content in 'Fuji' Apple

[0073] like Figure 6 As shown, sodium selenite in the N3 treatment group had the greatest effect on the organic selenium content of 'Fuji' apple.

[0074] 3.9 Effects of Nano-Selenium-Enriched Fertilizer on External Quality of 'Fuji' Apple

[0075] like Figure 7 As shown, sodium selenite in the half N3 treatment group had the greatest effect on the external quality of 'Fuji' apples.

[0076] 3.10 Effect of Nano-Selenium-enriched Fertilizer on the Intrinsic Quality of 'Fuji' Apple

[0077] like Figure 8 As shown in Figure 2, sodium selenite in most N3 treatments had the greatest effect on the internal quality of 'Fuji' apples.

[0078] The antioxidant capacity of the fruit was measured using an antioxidant capacity tester.

[0079] The organic selenium content of the fruit was determined using a selenium content meter.

[0080] Results and Analysis

[0081] Selenium content: The selenium content of the fruits in each treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group, especially in the 30 mg / L concentration group (treatment group 3), which reached 45 μg / kg, meeting the national standard (10-50 ug / kg).

[0082] This example significantly improved the photosynthetic intensity, antioxidant capacity and selenium content of Fuji apples by spraying nano-selenium-rich fertilizer solutions three times with different concentrations. In particular, the 30 mg / L concentration group (treatment group N3) had the best effect, which could significantly improve the fruit quality while ensuring that the selenium content met the standard. This method is of great significance for increasing the added value of fruits, meeting consumer demand and increasing farmers' income.

[0083] The above specific embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not limitations of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the embodiments without any creative contribution as needed. However, such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for enriching apples with selenium by nano-selenium treatment, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. During the apple growth period, use nano-selenium-rich fertilizer solution for foliar spraying; S2, spray 3 times in total during the apple growth period, with an interval of 30 days between each spraying; S3. Leaf samples and fruit samples were collected one week and one month after each spraying for analysis to determine the photosynthetic intensity, antioxidant capacity and organic selenium content.

2. The method for enriching apples with selenium by nano-selenium treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of the nano-selenium-rich fertilizer solution is 10-40 mg / L.

3. The method for enriching apples with selenium by nano-selenium treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The concentration of the nano-selenium-rich fertilizer solution is 30 mg / L.

4. The method for enriching apples with selenium by nano-selenium treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The apples were sprayed three times in total during the growing period, in early June, early July and early August respectively, with an interval of 30 days between each spraying.

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