Anti-freezing ventilation system and method for ship in ice area

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-freezing ventilation system and method for a ship in an ice region, and the system comprises a cabin air inlet duct which is sequentially provided with a first air inlet shutter, a cabin air feeder, a first air brake, a first temperature sensor and a cabin air supply outlet in the airflow direction; the mixed air supply duct is sequentially provided with a second air inlet shutter, a mixed air feeder and a first remote control air brake in the airflow direction; the generator smoke exhaust pipe main pipe is provided with a first waste gas heat exchanger; the mixed air supply duct is in heat exchange connection with the first waste gas heat exchanger, and an outlet of the mixed air supply duct communicates with the cabin air inlet duct between the first temperature sensor and the first air brake. Exhaust gas on the ship is used for heating ventilation of rooms such as the cabin chamber and the equipment chamber, and on the premise that the requirement for the ventilation temperature of the cabin chamber and the equipment chamber of ice navigation is met, ship electric power and fuel are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ship ventilation equipment, and in particular relates to an anti-icing ventilation system and method for ships in ice areas. Background Art

[0002] During the voyage, in order to ensure the operation of equipment in engine rooms, equipment rooms and other rooms and the work of crew members, these rooms and cabins need to be ventilated continuously. When the ship is sailing in ice areas, the outdoor temperature is very low. If the outdoor cold air is directly sent to the room, it will affect the normal operation of the indoor equipment and the work of the personnel. Therefore, when the ship needs to send air to the cabin when sailing in ice areas, the outdoor fresh air needs to be heated to a certain temperature and then sent to the room. At present, the common practice is to heat the fresh air with electric heaters, steam heaters or ethylene glycol heaters and send it to the corresponding room.

[0003] Conventional ventilation and heating methods for ships in ice areas require consumption of electricity or fuel on board. For larger rooms such as engine rooms and auxiliary equipment rooms, due to the huge ventilation volume, more electricity or fuel is required, which not only has a high cost, but also increases the ship's pollution emissions. Summary of the invention

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention provides an anti-icing ventilation system for ships in ice areas, comprising:

[0005] The cabin air inlet duct is provided with a first air inlet shutter, a cabin air blower, a first air damper, a first temperature sensor, and a cabin air outlet in sequence along the air flow direction;

[0006] A mixed air supply duct, wherein along the air flow direction, the mixed air supply duct is provided with a second air inlet louver, a mixed air supply fan, and a first remote control damper in sequence;

[0007] A main exhaust pipe of a generator, wherein a first exhaust gas heat exchanger is arranged on the main exhaust pipe of the generator;

[0008] The mixed air supply duct is connected to the first exhaust gas heat exchanger for heat exchange, and the outlet of the mixed air supply duct is communicated with the cabin air inlet duct between the first temperature sensor and the first damper.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0010] The equipment room air inlet duct is provided with a third air inlet shutter, an equipment room air supply fan, a second remote control damper, a second temperature sensor, and an equipment room air supply port in sequence along the air flow direction;

[0011] A generator exhaust pipe branch is provided with a second exhaust gas heat exchanger, and the equipment room air inlet duct is connected to the second exhaust gas heat exchanger for heat exchange.

[0012] Further: along the direction of flue gas flow, the side wall of the generator exhaust pipe main pipe is spaced apart to form a first connecting port and a second connecting port, the inlet of the generator exhaust pipe branch pipe is connected to the first connecting port, and the outlet of the generator exhaust pipe branch pipe is connected to the second connecting port.

[0013] In some optional implementations: along the direction of smoke flow, the generator exhaust pipe branch is sequentially provided with a remote-controlled air damper and a check damper.

[0014] In some optional embodiments: the cabin air supply outlet is connected to the cabin room, and an exhaust louver is provided on the top of the cabin room.

[0015] In some optional implementations: the air supply outlet of the equipment room is connected to the equipment room, and an exhaust ventilator is provided on the top of the equipment room.

[0016] The present application also provides an anti-icing ventilation method for ships in ice areas based on the above-mentioned anti-icing ventilation system for ships in ice areas, which is characterized in that outdoor air enters the cabin through the cabin air inlet duct, and when the air temperature in the cabin air inlet duct is less than 5C°, the mixed air supply duct is opened, and the outdoor air passes through the mixed air supply duct and is then heated by the first exhaust gas heat exchanger on the main pipe of the generator exhaust pipe before entering the cabin air inlet duct, and the heated outdoor air in the mixed air supply duct is mixed with the air in the cabin air inlet duct before entering the cabin, and when the air temperature in the cabin air inlet duct is greater than 20C°, the mixed air supply duct is closed.

[0017] In some optional embodiments: the mixing air supply fan in the mixing air supply duct is frequency-controlled.

[0018] In some optional embodiments: outdoor air enters the equipment room through the equipment room air inlet duct, when the air temperature in the equipment room air inlet duct is less than 5C°, the generator exhaust pipe branch is opened for smoke circulation, and the outdoor air in the equipment room air inlet duct is heated by the second exhaust gas heat exchanger on the generator exhaust pipe branch before entering the equipment room, and when the air temperature in the equipment room air inlet duct is greater than 20C°, the generator exhaust pipe branch is closed to stop smoke circulation.

[0019] Furthermore: the remote-controlled air damper in the generator exhaust pipe branch pipe can adjust the opening.

[0020] The beneficial effects brought by the present invention are as follows:

[0021] It can be seen from the above scheme that the present invention provides an anti-freezing ventilation system and method for ships in ice areas. The exhaust gas on the ship is used to heat the ventilation of engine rooms and equipment rooms, thereby saving ship electricity and fuel while meeting the ventilation temperature requirements of engine rooms and equipment rooms for navigation in ice areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an anti-icing ventilation system for ships in ice areas provided by the present invention is shown.

[0023] In the figure, 1 is the cabin air inlet duct; 2 is the first air inlet louver; 3 is the cabin air supply fan; 4 is the first air brake; 5 is the cabin air supply port; 6 is the second air inlet louver; 7 is the mixed air supply fan; 8 is the first remote control air brake; 9 is the mixed air supply duct; 10 is the first exhaust gas heat exchanger; 11 is the first temperature sensor; 12 is the remote control damper; 13 is the generator exhaust pipe branch pipe; 14 is the non-return air brake; 15 is the exhaust louver; 16 is the generator exhaust pipe main pipe; 17 is the exhaust ventilator; 18 is the cabin room; 19 is the equipment room; 20 is the third air inlet louver; 21 is the equipment room air supply fan; 22 is the second remote control air brake; 23 is the second exhaust gas heat exchanger; 24 is the second temperature sensor; 25 is the equipment room air inlet duct; 26 is the equipment room air supply port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an anti-icing ventilation system for ships in ice regions, the anti-icing ventilation system for ships in ice regions comprising:

[0026] The cabin air inlet duct 1 is provided with a first air inlet shutter 2, a cabin air blower 3, a first air damper 4, a first temperature sensor 11, and a cabin air outlet 5 in sequence along the air flow direction;

[0027] A mixed air supply duct 9, along the air flow direction, is provided with a second air inlet louver 6, a mixed air supply fan 7, and a first remote control damper 8 in sequence;

[0028] A generator exhaust pipe main pipe 16, on which a first exhaust gas heat exchanger 10 is disposed;

[0029] The mixed air supply duct 9 is connected to the first exhaust gas heat exchanger 10 for heat exchange, and the outlet of the mixed air supply duct 9 is communicated with the cabin air inlet duct 1 between the first temperature sensor 11 and the first damper 4 .

[0030] Specific:

[0031] The cabin air supply port 5 is connected to the cabin room 18, and an exhaust louver 15 is provided on the top of the cabin room 18. The first air inlet louver 2 has an electric heating anti-freezing function. When the ship is sailing in an ice area, the heating function of the first air inlet louver 2 is turned on to prevent the air inlet from being frozen and blocked. The cabin air supply fan 3 is turned on to allow outdoor air to enter the cabin air inlet duct 1 through the first air inlet louver 2, and then pass through the cabin air supply fan 3, the first air damper 4, and the first temperature sensor 11 in sequence, and the cabin air supply port 5 is sent into the cabin room 18. And it is discharged from the exhaust louver 15 on the top of the cabin room 18. Mechanical ventilation of the cabin room 18 is achieved. Along the air flow direction, on the cabin air inlet duct 1, a first temperature sensor 11 is installed upstream of the cabin air supply port 5. The first temperature sensor 11 monitors the air temperature in the cabin air inlet duct 1 when it is less than 5C°. The mixed air supply fan 7 and the first remote control damper 8 are turned on, the mixed air supply duct 9 is turned on, and the outdoor air is drawn into the mixed air supply duct 9 through the second air inlet louver 6. The first exhaust gas heat exchanger 10 is installed on the main pipe 16 of the generator exhaust pipe, and the mixed air supply duct 9 is connected to the first exhaust gas heat exchanger 10 for heat exchange. The air entering the mixed air supply duct 9 passes through the first exhaust gas heat exchanger 10 and exchanges heat with the flue gas in the main pipe 16 of the generator exhaust pipe. After the air in the mixed air supply duct 9 absorbs heat, it passes through the outlet of the mixed air supply duct 9 and enters the cabin air inlet duct 1 between the first temperature sensor 11 and the first damper 4. The heated air is mixed with the low-temperature air in the cabin air inlet duct 1 and then sent to the cabin room 18. The mixed air supply fan 7 in the mixed air supply duct 9 is frequency-controlled and can adjust the air supply volume. When the first temperature sensor 11 detects that the temperature of the mixed air is greater than 20°C, the air volume of the mixing blower 7 will be automatically reduced or turned off to ensure that the air temperature at the cabin air outlet 5 is between 5°C and 20°C.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the present invention provides an anti-icing ventilation system for ships in ice regions, and the anti-icing ventilation system for ships in ice regions further comprises:

[0033] The equipment room air inlet duct 25 is provided with a third air inlet shutter 20, an equipment room air blower 21, a second remote control damper 22, a second temperature sensor 24, and an equipment room air outlet 26 in sequence along the air flow direction;

[0034] The generator exhaust pipe branch pipe 13 is provided with a second exhaust gas heat exchanger 23 , and the equipment room air inlet duct 25 is connected to the second exhaust gas heat exchanger 23 for heat exchange.

[0035] Furthermore, along the direction of flue gas flow, the side wall of the generator exhaust pipe main pipe 16 is spaced apart to form a first connecting port and a second connecting port, the inlet of the generator exhaust pipe branch pipe 13 is connected to the first connecting port, and the outlet of the generator exhaust pipe branch pipe 13 is connected to the second connecting port.

[0036] Specifically, the air supply port 26 of the equipment room is connected to the equipment room 19 , and an exhaust ventilator 17 is provided on the top of the equipment room 19 .

[0037] The third air inlet shutter 20 has an electric heating anti-freezing function, and the heating function of the third air inlet shutter 20 is turned on when the ship is sailing in an ice area. The equipment room air supply fan 21 and the second remote control damper 22 are turned on to allow outdoor air to enter the equipment room air inlet duct 25 through the third air inlet shutter 20, and then pass through the equipment room air supply fan 21, the second remote control damper 22, the second temperature sensor 24, and the equipment room air supply port 26 to the equipment room 19 in sequence, and then be discharged through the exhaust ventilator 17 installed on the top of the equipment room 19, so as to realize mechanical ventilation of the equipment room 19.

[0038] Along the direction of flue gas flow, the side wall of the generator exhaust pipe main pipe 16 is spaced apart to form a first connecting port and a second connecting port, the inlet of the generator exhaust pipe branch pipe 13 is connected to the first connecting port, and the outlet of the generator exhaust pipe branch pipe 13 is connected to the second connecting port.

[0039] The second exhaust gas heat exchanger 23 is installed on the generator exhaust pipe branch pipe 13 branching from the generator exhaust pipe main pipe 16. Along the direction of the flue gas flow, the generator exhaust pipe branch pipe 13 is sequentially provided with a remote control damper 12 and a non-return damper 14. The generator exhaust pipe branch pipe 13 is provided with a remote control damper 12 near the inlet end. The generator exhaust pipe branch pipe 13 is provided with a non-return damper 14 near the outlet end.

[0040] When the second temperature sensor 24 detects that the temperature of the air in the equipment room air inlet duct 25 is less than 5°C, the remote control damper 12 opens, and part of the high-temperature exhaust gas in the generator exhaust pipe main 16 passes through the second exhaust gas heat exchanger 23 to heat the air in the equipment room air inlet duct 25 sent to the equipment room 19. The remote control damper 12 in the generator exhaust pipe branch 13 can adjust the opening.

[0041] The remote control damper 12 can be closed to isolate the exhaust gas, and can also adjust the opening to control the amount of exhaust gas passing through the generator exhaust pipe branch 13.

[0042] When the second temperature sensor 24 detects that the air in the equipment room air inlet duct 25 is greater than 20C°, the remote control damper 12 is automatically adjusted to reduce or close the high-temperature exhaust gas volume of the second exhaust gas heat exchanger 23 to ensure that the air temperature at the equipment room air outlet 26 is between 5C° and 20C°.

[0043] The above engine room 18 ventilation and equipment room 19 ventilation only exemplify two rooms, and the room ventilation is heated by using the generator exhaust pipe main 16 and the generator exhaust pipe branch 13, and the heated ventilation temperature in the room is automatically controlled. However, in actual design, the same or similar principles can be used to design different numbers of rooms according to actual needs.

[0044] As can be seen from the above scheme, the present invention provides an anti-freezing ventilation system and method for ships in ice areas. The exhaust gas on board is used to heat the ventilation of rooms such as the engine room 18 and the equipment room 19, thereby saving ship electricity and fuel while meeting the ventilation temperature requirements of the engine room 18 and the equipment room 19 during navigation in ice areas.

[0045] The present invention also provides an anti-icing ventilation method for ships in ice regions, and the anti-icing ventilation method for ships in ice regions is implemented based on any one of the anti-icing ventilation systems for ships in ice regions described above.

[0046] Specifically: outdoor air enters the cabin room 18 through the cabin air inlet duct 1. When the air temperature in the cabin air inlet duct 1 is less than 5C°, the mixed air supply duct 9 is opened, and the outdoor air passes through the mixed air supply duct 9 and is heated by the first exhaust gas heat exchanger 10 on the generator exhaust pipe main 16 before entering the cabin air inlet duct 1. The heated outdoor air in the mixed air supply duct 9 is mixed with the air in the cabin air inlet duct 1 and then enters the cabin room 18. When the air temperature in the cabin air inlet duct 1 is greater than 20C°, the mixed air supply duct 9 is closed.

[0047] Furthermore, the mixing air supply fan 7 in the mixing air supply duct 9 is frequency-controlled.

[0048] Optionally, outdoor air enters the equipment room 19 through the equipment room air inlet duct 25. When the air temperature in the equipment room air inlet duct 25 is less than 5C°, the generator exhaust pipe branch 13 is opened for smoke circulation. The outdoor air in the equipment room air inlet duct 25 is heated by the second exhaust gas heat exchanger 23 on the generator exhaust pipe branch 13 and then enters the equipment room 19. When the air temperature in the equipment room air inlet duct 25 is greater than 20C°, the generator exhaust pipe branch 13 is closed to stop smoke circulation.

[0049] Furthermore, the remote-controlled damper 12 in the generator exhaust pipe branch 13 can adjust the opening degree.

[0050] In summary:

[0051] The present invention provides an anti-freezing ventilation system and method for ships in ice areas, which utilizes the exhaust gas on board to heat the ventilation of rooms such as the engine room 18 and the equipment room 19, thereby saving ship electricity and fuel while meeting the ventilation temperature requirements of the engine room 18 and the equipment room 19 during navigation in ice areas.

[0052] The present invention provides an anti-freezing ventilation system and method for ships in ice areas, which can realize automatic control of the ventilation temperature of each room, ensure that the ventilation temperature of the engine room 18 and the equipment room 19 of the ship sailing in ice areas is within a preset allowable range, reduce crew operations, and reduce crew workload.

[0053] The design scheme provided by the present invention ensures that 100% of the warm air sent to the engine room 18 and the equipment room 19 is fresh air, thereby improving the ventilation quality.

[0054] Due to the anti-icing ventilation system and method for ships in ice areas provided by the present invention, exhaust gas is fully utilized for heating, thereby reducing fuel consumption on board and reducing pollution discharge from the ship.

[0055] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-icing ventilation system for ships in ice areas, characterized by: include: The cabin air inlet duct is provided with a first air inlet shutter, a cabin air blower, a first air damper, a first temperature sensor, and a cabin air outlet in sequence along the air flow direction; A mixed air supply duct, wherein along the air flow direction, the mixed air supply duct is provided with a second air inlet louver, a mixed air supply fan, and a first remote control damper in sequence; A main exhaust pipe of a generator, wherein a first exhaust gas heat exchanger is arranged on the main exhaust pipe of the generator; The mixed air supply duct is connected to the first exhaust gas heat exchanger for heat exchange, and the outlet of the mixed air supply duct is communicated with the cabin air inlet duct between the first temperature sensor and the first damper.

2. The anti-icing ventilation system for ships in ice areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: Also includes: The equipment room air inlet duct is provided with a third air inlet shutter, an equipment room air supply fan, a second remote control damper, a second temperature sensor, and an equipment room air supply port in sequence along the air flow direction; A generator exhaust pipe branch is provided with a second exhaust gas heat exchanger, and the equipment room air inlet duct is connected to the second exhaust gas heat exchanger for heat exchange.

3. The anti-icing ventilation system for ships in ice areas according to claim 2 is characterized by: Along the direction of flue gas flow, the side wall of the generator exhaust pipe main pipe is spaced apart to form a first connecting port and a second connecting port, the inlet of the generator exhaust pipe branch pipe is connected to the first connecting port, and the outlet of the generator exhaust pipe branch pipe is connected to the second connecting port.

4. The anti-icing ventilation system for ships in ice areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the direction of smoke flow, the generator exhaust pipe branch is provided with a remote-controlled air damper and a non-return damper in sequence.

5. The anti-icing ventilation system for ships in ice areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cabin air supply port is communicated with the cabin room, and an exhaust shutter is arranged on the top of the cabin room.

6. The anti-icing ventilation system for ships in ice areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air supply port of the equipment room is communicated with the equipment room, and an exhaust ventilator is arranged on the top of the equipment room.

7. An anti-icing ventilation method for ships in ice areas based on the system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Outdoor air enters the cabin through the cabin air inlet duct. When the air temperature in the cabin air inlet duct is less than 5C°, the mixed air supply duct is opened, and the outdoor air passes through the mixed air supply duct and is heated by the first exhaust gas heat exchanger on the main pipe of the generator exhaust pipe before entering the cabin air inlet duct. The heated outdoor air in the mixed air supply duct is mixed with the air in the cabin air inlet duct and then enters the cabin. When the air temperature in the cabin air inlet duct is greater than 20C°, the mixed air supply duct is closed.

8. The anti-icing ventilation method for ships in ice areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mixing air supply fan in the mixing air supply duct is frequency-controlled.

9. The anti-icing ventilation method for ships in ice areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: Outdoor air enters the equipment room through the equipment room air inlet duct. When the air temperature in the equipment room air inlet duct is less than 5C°, the generator exhaust pipe branch is opened for smoke circulation. The outdoor air in the equipment room air inlet duct is heated by the second exhaust gas heat exchanger on the generator exhaust pipe branch and then enters the equipment room. When the air temperature in the equipment room air inlet duct is greater than 20C°, the generator exhaust pipe branch is closed to stop smoke circulation.

10. The anti-icing ventilation method for ships in ice areas according to claim 9, characterized in that: The remote control damper in the generator exhaust pipe branch pipe can adjust the opening degree.

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