Silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a silicon carbide MXene dispersion liquid and a silicone rubber solution; mixing the carbon nano tube with the MXene dispersion liquid to form a stable MXene-carbon nano tube hybrid filler suspension liquid; uniformly mixing the MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler suspension with a silicone rubber solution, and adding a coupling agent and a vulcanizing agent to obtain a mixed solution; carrying out evaporation heat treatment on the prepared mixed solution; two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene and one-dimensional carbon nanotubes are hybridized to serve as filler, an interface layer is formed to firmly wrap the carbon nanotubes and silicon carbide MXene, the isolation and stabilization effects are achieved, the conditions of agglomeration and aggregation of the filler are effectively avoided, and under the action of a silane coupling agent, the carbon nanotubes and the silicon carbide MXene are mixed to serve as the filler. The filler can be more uniformly dispersed in the silicone rubber matrix, so that the composite material has a relatively strong interface polarization effect, thereby having a relatively high dielectric constant, keeping the dielectric loss in a relatively low range, and having relatively good mechanical properties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of composite material preparation, and in particular to a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Dielectric elastomer (DE) material is an electroactive polymer material developed in the 1990s and has been widely used in aerospace, intelligent bionics, biomedicine, machinery and other fields. The factors affecting the electrodeformation of dielectric elastomers are elastic modulus and dielectric constant, and the electrodeformation is inversely proportional to the elastic modulus and directly proportional to the dielectric constant. Therefore, dielectric elastomers must have the advantages of high dielectric constant, good elasticity and low modulus. In addition, according to actual experimental conditions, dielectric elastomers must also meet the characteristics of low dielectric loss and strong breakdown electric field.

[0003] Silicone rubber has excellent properties such as low elastic modulus, fast strain response, high rebound rate, high thermal stability, ozone resistance, UV resistance, and moisture resistance. It is currently the most promising dielectric elastomer material and can be widely used in actuators, sensors and other fields. In order to apply silicone rubber to the field of dielectric elastomers, improving its dielectric constant, maintaining its low dielectric loss and low elastic modulus are also the main work goals of current researchers. In order to increase the dielectric properties of silicone rubber, the dielectric constant of silicone rubber can generally be increased by adding ceramic fillers (such as silicon carbide aluminum, with aluminum alloy as the matrix and silicon carbide ceramic particles as the reinforcement phase) or conductive fillers, such as carbon materials. Ceramic fillers require a higher volume fraction, which will affect the mechanical properties of the composite material. In the process of compounding ceramic fillers and silicone rubber, it is difficult for ceramic materials and silicone rubber to be fully dispersed, mainly because the surface layer of ceramics as filling materials will attract each other and gather together under a certain tension, resulting in agglomeration. The performance of the composite material prepared in this way will be far lower than the theoretically estimated constant.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material and a preparation method thereof to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for preparing a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. preparing two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene and methyl vinyl silicone rubber, and respectively dissolving the two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene and methyl vinyl silicone rubber into organic solvents to obtain MXene dispersion and silicone rubber solution, respectively;

[0008] S2, preparing one-dimensional carbon nanotubes, so that the MXene dispersion is mixed in the carbon nanotubes to achieve an interface effect and form a stable MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler suspension;

[0009] S3, uniformly mixing the MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler suspension and the silicone rubber solution, and adding a coupling agent and a vulcanizing agent to obtain a mixed solution;

[0010] S4. Performing evaporation heat treatment on the prepared mixed solution to obtain a dielectric elastomer composite material.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S1, Ti3AlC2MAX is used to prepare a two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0012] S11, mixing metal titanium, aluminum and carbon in a ratio of 3-3.2:1-1.2:2-2.2 to obtain Ti3AlC2MAX;

[0013] S12, placing the prepared Ti3AlC2 precursor material in an acidic solution for etching to remove the aluminum layer to obtain a two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene;

[0014] S13, separating and purifying the two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the Ti3AlC2MAX etching treatment is 40-45°C, and the etching time is 40-42 hours.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the acidic solution used for Ti3AlC2MAX etching is a hydrofluoric acid solution with a purity of 55%.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the method for forming a stable MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler suspension by interfacial effect comprises the following steps:

[0018] S21, mixing the one-dimensional carbon nanotubes and the MXene dispersion liquid and placing them in a heating furnace for heating, and introducing an inert gas;

[0019] S22, controlling the heating temperature and time, the one-dimensional carbon nanotubes and the two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene are in-situ composited to form a stable interface layer;

[0020] S23. The solution of one-dimensional carbon nanotubes and two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene is in situ composited by cooling and filtering to obtain a stable MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler suspension.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S22, the heating temperature of the heating furnace is 300-600°C, the time is 45-60 minutes, and the pressure is 10-15 MPa.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the silicon carbide MXene is a two-dimensional layered structure, the carbon nanotubes are one-dimensional multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and the two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene and the one-dimensional carbon nanotubes are composited to form a three-dimensional network structure.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S4, the dielectric elastomer composite material is subjected to evaporation heat treatment at 110-120°C and 10-15 MPa for 15-18 min, and then annealed by vulcanization at 130-150°C for 2-2.5 h.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent, and the mixing mass ratio of the silicone rubber and the MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler is 80-85:1-5, the mass ratio of the silicone rubber to the added coupling agent and the vulcanizing agent is 80-82:2-2.4, and in the MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler, the mass ratio of silicon carbide MXene to carbon nanotubes is 1-2:1-2.

[0025] A silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material, characterized in that it is obtained based on the preparation method of the silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0026] The present invention solves the defects existing in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) The present invention discloses a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material and a preparation method thereof, which utilizes two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene and one-dimensional carbon nanotubes as fillers after hybridization to form an interface layer to firmly wrap the carbon nanotubes and silicon carbide MXene, thereby playing an isolation and stabilization role, effectively avoiding the agglomeration and aggregation of the filler, and through the action of a silane coupling agent, the filler can be more evenly dispersed in the silicone rubber matrix, so that the composite material has a stronger interface polarization effect, thereby having a higher dielectric constant, keeping the dielectric loss within a lower range, and having better mechanical properties.

[0028] (2) The present invention utilizes a composite of two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene and one-dimensional carbon nanotubes, with carbon nanotubes as the skeleton. Silicon carbide MXene can be filled between the carbon nanotubes to fill the gaps and increase the interface area to form a three-dimensional network structure, thereby improving the strength and conductivity of the dielectric elastomer composite material. At the same time, the formed three-dimensional network structure increases the uniformity and stability of the material.

[0029] (3) The present invention utilizes a composite of two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene and one-dimensional carbon nanotubes, so that the carbon nanotubes of the dielectric elastomer composite material form a conductive network, providing a channel for electron flow, effectively improving the conductive properties of the composite material, and the interface layer formed by the carbon nanotubes and silicon carbide MXene can promote the transfer of charges, further improving the conductive properties of the material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material and a preparation method thereof of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 is a graph of dielectric constants of different embodiments of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 2 is a graph showing elastic modulus of different embodiments of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for preparing a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material comprises the following steps:

[0039] S1. preparing two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene and methyl vinyl silicone rubber, and respectively dissolving the two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene and methyl vinyl silicone rubber into organic solvents to obtain MXene dispersion and silicone rubber solution, respectively;

[0040] S2, preparing one-dimensional carbon nanotubes, so that the MXene dispersion is mixed in the carbon nanotubes to achieve an interface effect and form a stable MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler suspension;

[0041] S3, uniformly mixing the MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler suspension and the silicone rubber solution, and adding a coupling agent and a vulcanizing agent to obtain a mixed solution;

[0042] S4. Performing evaporation heat treatment on the prepared mixed solution to obtain a dielectric elastomer composite material.

[0043] In S4, the dielectric elastomer composite material is subjected to evaporation heat treatment at 120° C. and 10 MPa for 15 minutes, and then subjected to vulcanization annealing at 125° C. for 2 hours.

[0044] Among them, silicon carbide MXene and methyl vinyl silicone rubber are respectively dissolved in 14% propylene glycol organic solvent; and the mass ratio between silicon carbide MXene and propylene glycol organic solvent, and the mass ratio between silicone rubber and propylene glycol organic solvent are preferably 1:45;

[0045] The aspect ratio of the selected carbon nanotubes is preferably 20:1.

[0046] It should be noted that mixing and interspersing carbon nanotubes and MXene dispersions will form a mixed solution of MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler. When the hybrid filler is subsequently compounded with silicone rubber, the MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler needs to be evenly filled in the silicone rubber. Therefore, the mixed solution of MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler is subjected to evaporation heat treatment to achieve in-situ compounding of carbon nanotubes and silicon carbide MXene to form a stable interface layer to firmly wrap the carbon nanotubes and silicon carbide MXene to play an isolation and stabilization role.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S1, Ti3AlC2MAX is used to prepare a two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0048] S11, mixing metal titanium, aluminum and carbon in a ratio of 3-3.2:1-1.2:2-2.2 to obtain Ti3AlC2MAX;

[0049] S12, placing the prepared Ti3AlC2 precursor material in an acidic solution for etching to remove the aluminum layer to obtain a two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene;

[0050] S13, separating and purifying the two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene.

[0051] It should be noted that metal titanium, aluminum and carbon are preferably mixed in a ratio of 3:1:2. Silicon carbide MXene is obtained by removing the aluminum layer from Ti3AlC2MAX, so that the silicon carbide MXene has a clear layered structure while maintaining the structural characteristics of Ti3AlC2MAX, and the preparation method is simple.

[0052] The separation and purification process of silicon carbide MXene is to clean the aluminum layer after etching.

[0053] The temperature of the Ti3AlC2MAX etching treatment is 40-45°C, and the time is 40-42 hours of etching. During the etching process, the temperature is preferably 40°C, and the time is preferably 40 hours. The acidic solution used for the Ti3AlC2MAX etching is a hydrofluoric acid solution with a purity of 55%. The mass ratio of the 55% hydrofluoric acid solution to Ti3AlC2MAX is preferably 55g:2g, which can ensure that the 55% hydrofluoric acid solution can fully contact the Ti3AlC2MAX and achieve rapid removal of the aluminum layer.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S2, the method for forming a stable MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler suspension by interfacial effect comprises the following steps:

[0055] S21, mixing the one-dimensional carbon nanotubes and the MXene dispersion liquid and placing them in a heating furnace for heating, and introducing an inert gas;

[0056] S22, controlling the heating temperature and time, the one-dimensional carbon nanotubes and the two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene are in-situ composited to form a stable interface layer;

[0057] S23. The solution of one-dimensional carbon nanotubes and two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene is in situ composited by cooling and filtering to obtain a stable MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler suspension.

[0058] In the S22, the heating temperature of the heating furnace is 300-600°C, preferably 350°C, the time is 45-60 min, preferably 50 min, and the pressure is preferably 10 MPa, so that a stable interface layer is formed between the carbon nanotubes and the silicon carbide MXene, and the carbon nanotubes and silicon carbide MXene are firmly wrapped in the interface layer to prevent the fillers of the carbon nanotubes and silicon carbide MXene from agglomerating and agglomerating.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the silicon carbide MXene is a two-dimensional layered structure, the carbon nanotubes are one-dimensional multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and the two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene and the one-dimensional carbon nanotubes are composited to form a three-dimensional network structure;

[0060] It is worth mentioning that the three-dimensional network structure formed by two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene and one-dimensional carbon nanotubes uses carbon nanotubes as the skeleton. Silicon carbide MXene can be filled between carbon nanotubes because carbon nanotubes can provide strength and conductivity. With the filling of silicon carbide MXene, the gaps between carbon nanotubes are filled, which further increases the stability of the three-dimensional network structure. At the same time, the interface area is also increased. The increase in the interface area can improve the dispersion of MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid fillers, enhance the interface polarization effect, and increase the dielectric constant.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent, the vulcanizing agent is diisopropylbenzene peroxide, and the mixing mass ratio of the silicone rubber and the MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler is 80-85:1-5, the mass ratio of the silicone rubber to the added coupling agent and vulcanizing agent is 80-82:2-2.4, and in the MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler, the mass ratio of silicon carbide MXene to carbon nanotubes is 1-2:1-2.

[0062] Regarding the composite of MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler and silicone rubber, the silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material has high performance. In order to verify the performance of the composite material, a series of tests are required. Among them, it is necessary to select multiple dielectric elastomer composite samples with a thickness of 2mm and a diameter of 5mm, brush conductive silver paste on the front and back bottom surfaces, and use WK6500B impedance analyzer at room temperature for 20-10 6 Dielectric constant and dielectric loss in the frequency range of Hz;

[0063] At room temperature, the composite material was tensile tested using a HY-1080 universal tensile machine at a tensile rate of 200 mm / min to measure the elastic modulus and elongation at break; the silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material was clamped and stretched on both sides, and the strain data corresponding to the first 10% of the strain were linearly fitted to obtain the elastic modulus;

[0064] Among them, by changing the mass ratio of silicone rubber and MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler, and changing the mass ratio of silicon carbide MXene and carbon nanotubes in the MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler, a dielectric elastomer composite material sample was prepared, and the mechanical performance parameters and dielectric performance parameters of the silicone rubber composite material were measured;

[0065] Embodiment 1:

[0066] a. Add 2 parts of vulcanizing agent, 2 parts of silane coupling agent, and 1 part of MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler with a mass ratio of 1:1 of silicon carbide MXene to carbon nanotube to 80 parts of silicone rubber, and put the mixed solution into a blender, and continue mixing at a speed of 1100 rpm for 15 minutes until the mixed solution in the body is mixed evenly;

[0067] b. The mixed solution obtained in step a is placed in a circular mold with a thickness of 2 mm and a diameter of 5 mm, and then transferred to a 2 mm thick mold, heated at 120° C., and pressurized and evaporated with a vulcanizing agent at 10 MPa for 15 min to obtain a blend, and the blend is taken out and placed in a blast drying oven, and dried at 125° C. for 2 hours to complete vulcanization to obtain a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material, and the mechanical properties and dielectric properties of the silicone rubber composite material are tested;

[0068] Example 2 is basically the same as Example 1 in operation, except that 2 parts of MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler are added to 80 parts of silicone rubber, and the mechanical properties and dielectric properties of the silicone rubber composite material are tested;

[0069] Example 3 is basically the same as Example 1 in operation, except that 3 parts of MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler are added to 80 parts of silicone rubber, and the mechanical properties and dielectric properties of the silicone rubber composite material are tested;

[0070] Example 4 is basically the same as Example 1 in operation, except that 4 parts of MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler are added to 80 parts of silicone rubber, and the mechanical properties and dielectric properties of the silicone rubber composite material are tested;

[0071] Example 5 is basically the same as the operation of Example 1, except that 5 parts of MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler are added to 80 parts of silicone rubber, and the mechanical properties and dielectric properties of the silicone rubber composite material are tested;

[0072] Example 6 is basically the same as Example 1, except that 2 parts of a vulcanizing agent are added in step b;

[0073] a. Add 2 parts of vulcanizing agent to 80 parts of silicone rubber, and put the mixed solution into a mixer. Continue mixing at a speed of 1100 rpm for 15 minutes until the mixed solution in the body is mixed evenly.

[0074] b. Place the mixed solution obtained in step a into a circular mold with a thickness of 2 mm and a diameter of 5 mm, and then transfer it into a 2 mm thick mold, heat it at 120° C., and use a vulcanizing agent to pressurize and evaporate for 15 min at 10 MPa to obtain a co-mixture, take out the blend, and put it into a blast drying oven, and dry it at 125° C. for 2 hours to complete vulcanization to obtain a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material, and test the mechanical properties and dielectric properties of the silicone rubber composite material obtained after vulcanization molding;

[0075] Example 7 is basically the same as Example 1, except that a MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler having a mass ratio of 1.2:1 of silicon carbide MXene to carbon nanotubes is added to obtain a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material, and the mechanical properties and dielectric properties of the silicone rubber composite material obtained after vulcanization molding are tested;

[0076] Example 8 is basically the same as the operation of Example 1, except that a MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler having a mass ratio of 1 part of silicon carbide MXene to carbon nanotubes of 1:2 is added to obtain a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material, and the mechanical properties and dielectric properties of the silicone rubber composite material obtained after vulcanization molding are tested;

[0077] Based on the mechanical property parameters and dielectric property parameters of the silicone rubber composite material obtained in the above Examples 1-8, a chart is drawn, as shown in Table 1;

[0078] Table 1 Comparison of dielectric properties and mechanical properties of silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite materials of different embodiments

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] In summary, it can be concluded from Table 1 that the dielectric properties and mechanical properties of the silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material formed by adding MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler to silicone rubber are improved compared with the performance of the silicone rubber body, and the formed composite material has better dielectric properties and deformation properties;

[0082] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, through Examples 1 to 5, the mass of the MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler is continuously increased, and the dielectric constant, tensile strength, elongation at break and elastic modulus of the composite silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material are increased, and a peak will appear. After reaching the peak, the mass of the MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler is continuously increased, and the dielectric constant, tensile strength, elongation at break and elastic modulus of the composite silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material are reduced. In the process of continuously increasing the mass of the MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler, the dielectric loss of the composite material does not decrease with the increase, and the dielectric constant of the composite material increases because the interface area in the composite material continues to increase, the interface polarization effect is enhanced, and the dielectric constant increases;

[0083] By comparing Example 7 and Example 8 with Example 1, it can be concluded that as the proportion of silicon carbide MXene in the MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler increases, the dielectric constant and mechanical properties of the composite material can be improved, while increasing the proportion of carbon nanotubes in the MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler cannot improve the dielectric constant of the composite material. This is mainly because the increase in silicon carbide MXene will fill between several carbon nanotubes, making the composite material fuller, forming a three-dimensional network structure more stable, and increasing the interface area. As the proportion of carbon nanotubes increases, there will be no more silicon carbide MXene for filling, which indirectly reduces the interface area. Therefore, comprehensive comparison shows that Example 3 is the most preferred embodiment of this solution.

[0084] The above is based on the ideal embodiment of the present invention. Through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. preparing two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene and methyl vinyl silicone rubber, and respectively dissolving the two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene and methyl vinyl silicone rubber into organic solvents to obtain MXene dispersion and silicone rubber solution, respectively; S2, preparing one-dimensional carbon nanotubes, so that the MXene dispersion is mixed in the carbon nanotubes to achieve an interface effect and form a stable MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler suspension; S3, uniformly mixing the MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler suspension and the silicone rubber solution, and adding a coupling agent and a vulcanizing agent to obtain a mixed solution; S4. Performing evaporation heat treatment on the prepared mixed solution to obtain a dielectric elastomer composite material.

2. A method for preparing a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, Ti3AlC2MAX is used to prepare a two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene, and the preparation method includes the following steps: S11, mixing metal titanium, aluminum and carbon in a ratio of 3-3.2:1-1.2:2-2.2 to obtain Ti3AlC2MAX; S12, placing the prepared Ti3AlC2 precursor material in an acidic solution for etching to remove the aluminum layer to obtain a two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene; S13, separating and purifying the two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene.

3. A method for preparing a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The etching temperature of Ti3AlC2MAX is 40-45°C, and the etching time is 40-42h.

4. A method for preparing a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acid solution used for Ti3AlC2MAX etching is a hydrofluoric acid solution with a purity of 55%.

5. A method for preparing a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, a method for forming a stable MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler suspension by interfacial effect comprises the following steps: S21, mixing the one-dimensional carbon nanotubes and the MXene dispersion liquid and placing them in a heating furnace for heating, and introducing an inert gas; S22, controlling the heating temperature and time, the one-dimensional carbon nanotubes and the two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene are in-situ composited to form a stable interface layer; S23. The solution of one-dimensional carbon nanotubes and two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene is in situ composited by cooling and filtering to obtain a stable MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler suspension.

6. A method for preparing a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S22, the heating temperature of the heating furnace is 300-600°C, the time is 45-60 minutes, and the pressure is 10-15 MPa.

7. A method for preparing a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Silicon carbide MXene is a two-dimensional layered structure, carbon nanotubes are one-dimensional multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and the two-dimensional silicon carbide MXene and the one-dimensional carbon nanotubes are composited to form a three-dimensional network structure.

8. A method for preparing a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the dielectric elastomer composite material is subjected to evaporation heat treatment at 110-120° C. and 10-15 MPa for 15-18 minutes, and then annealed by vulcanization at 130-150° C. for 2-2.5 hours.

9. A method for preparing a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coupling agent is a silane coupling agent, and the mixing mass ratio of silicone rubber and MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler is 80-85:1-5, the mass ratio of silicone rubber to the added coupling agent and vulcanizing agent is 80-82:2-2.4, and in the MXene-carbon nanotube hybrid filler, the mass ratio of silicon carbide MXene to carbon nanotubes is 1-2:1-2.

10. A silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material, characterized in that: The invention is prepared based on the preparation method of a silicone rubber dielectric elastomer composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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