Method for reducing temperature drop loss in blast furnace molten iron transfer steelmaking process

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for reducing temperature drop loss in a blast furnace molten iron transfer steelmaking process, which comprises the following steps of: (1) determining the optimal number of iron ladles required by production through calculation, and avoiding the situation that a worker increases the number of the iron ladles for convenient scheduling, so that the operation efficiency of the iron ladles is improved; (2) according to the principle of the optimal operation route, fewest train heads, no need of turning around of the train heads and fewest iron ladles, reasonable planning of an iron ladle dispatching route is carried out, so that the operation efficiency is improved, the time waste is reduced, and the temperature drop loss is reduced; (3) blast furnace tapping iron flows into an iron ladle through an iron runner, and then heat preservation is conducted on the blast furnace tapping iron; and (4) the automatic capping opportunity of the whole operation period of the iron ladle is planned and controlled, and then heat dissipation is reduced. According to the method, the optimal number of online operation iron ladles is used, the operation efficiency of the iron ladles is improved, the temperature drop loss in the blast furnace molten iron transfer steelmaking process is effectively reduced, the addition amount of scrap steel is greatly increased, iron loss is reduced, and the steelmaking yield is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of steelmaking, and in particular to a method for reducing temperature drop loss during blast furnace molten iron transfer steelmaking. Background Art

[0002] Under the situation of steel production restriction and increasing cost of raw ore, low iron consumption steelmaking process came into being. At present, many steel mills reduce iron consumption by increasing scrap ratio; however, due to the long molten iron transfer process, it is easy to cause the temperature to drop significantly, and its heat is not enough to add more scrap steel, which restricts the development of this process. Therefore, the above problems need to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for reducing temperature drop losses during the transfer and steelmaking process of blast furnace molten iron, using the optimal number of online ladles to improve the operation efficiency of the ladles, effectively reducing the temperature drop losses during the transfer and steelmaking process of blast furnace molten iron, greatly increasing the amount of scrap steel added, reducing iron consumption, and increasing steelmaking output.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for reducing temperature drop loss during blast furnace molten iron transfer steelmaking process of the present invention, the innovation of which is: comprising:

[0005] (1) Determine the optimal number of iron ladles required for production by calculation;

[0006] (2) Rationally plan the rail transport routes based on the principles of the best operating route, the least number of locomotives without turning around, and the least number of railroads;

[0007] (3) After the blast furnace iron flows into the iron ladle through the iron ditch, it is immediately kept warm;

[0008] (4) Plan and control the timing of automatic capping of the iron ladle throughout its operation cycle to reduce heat dissipation.

[0009] Preferably, in the above step (1), the formula for calculating the optimal number of iron ladles required for production is:

[0010]

[0011] In the formula, N is the number of iron ladles; P is the average daily raw iron output of the blast furnace, and it is measured in tons; a is the safety factor, and its value is 1.2; n is the number of iron tappings per day; V is the effective capacity of an iron ladle, and it is measured in tons; Y is the number of converter iron ladles, and its value is 3.

[0012] Preferably, when the calculated optimal number of iron ladles required for production contains decimals, the integer is taken according to the further principle.

[0013] Preferably, in the above step (2), main railway I and main railway II are arranged in parallel at intervals at the iron-adding place of the steel-making converter, and the ends of main railway I and main railway II away from the iron-adding place of the steel-making converter are connected to the left end of main railway III after being converged into intersection I, and a switching line is arranged in an X shape between the middle sections of main railway I and main railway II, and then the track cutting and switching of main railway I and main railway II are performed through the switching line; a casting yard outlet I, a casting yard outlet II and a casting yard outlet III are arranged in parallel at intervals at the blast furnace, and rotary chutes are respectively arranged directly below the casting yard outlet I, the casting yard outlet II and the casting yard outlet III; a railway branch line I and a railway branch line II are also arranged on both sides of the rotary chute of the casting yard outlet I, and at the The outlet II of the iron-casting yard is also provided with a railway branch line III and a railway branch line IV on both sides of its rotating chute, and the outlet III of the iron-casting yard is also provided with a railway branch line V and a railway branch line VI on both sides of its rotating chute, so as to ensure that the iron ladle stops on the adjacent railway branch lines without affecting each other, and to ensure that the molten iron falls into the inner circle of the corresponding iron ladle mouth; the ends of the railway branch lines I, II, III and IV away from the blast furnace are connected to one end of the branch line I, and the other end of the branch line I is connected to the middle left section of the main railway III, and an intersection II is formed; the ends of the railway branch lines V and VI away from the blast furnace are connected to one end of the branch line II, and the other end of the branch line II is connected to the middle right section of the main railway III, and an intersection III is formed.

[0014] Preferably, in the above step (2), taking 1# iron bag, 2# iron bag, 3# iron bag, 4# iron bag, 5# iron bag, 6# iron bag, 7# iron bag, 8# iron bag, and 1# locomotive and 2# locomotive as examples, the specific process of reasonable planning of the iron bag transportation route is as follows:

[0015] (2.1) The whole iron ladle dispatching starts with 1# iron ladle and 2# iron ladle receiving molten iron at railway branch line I, 3# iron ladle, 4# iron ladle and 5# iron ladle receiving molten iron at railway branch line II, and 6# iron ladle, 7# iron ladle and 8# iron ladle discharging molten iron at the steelmaking converter iron discharging place;

[0016] (2.2) After the 1# and 2# iron ladles have finished receiving the molten iron on the railway branch line Ⅰ, the rotary chute at the exit Ⅰ of the iron yard is swung to divert the molten iron into the 3#, 4# and 5# iron ladles on the railway branch line Ⅱ; then the 1# locomotive pulls the 1# and 2# iron ladles along the branch line Ⅰ to the right section of the main railway Ⅲ relative to the intersection Ⅱ, and then pushes the 1# and 2# iron ladles to the iron exchange point of the main railway Ⅰ by the 1# locomotive;

[0017] At the same time, according to the end time of iron exchange, the 2# locomotive is used to pull the 6# iron bag, 7# iron bag and 8# iron bag along the main railway II to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection III, and then the 2# locomotive is used to push the 6# iron bag along the branch road I to the right below the corresponding rotary chute at the railway branch line III, and then on the branch road I, the 2# locomotive is used to switch the pulling and pushing actions to push the 7# iron bag and the 8# iron bag to the right below the corresponding rotary chute at the railway branch line IV, thereby ensuring that there are iron bags waiting to receive molten iron at the exit II of the iron-making yard;

[0018] (2.3) When the iron is tapped out at the outlet of the iron-making yard I, the iron is tapped out at the outlet of the iron-making yard II. Then the 2# locomotive pulls the 3#, 4# and 5# iron bags along the branch line I to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection II, and then the 2# locomotive pushes the 3#, 4# and 5# iron bags to the iron exchange point of the main railway II.

[0019] At the same time, according to the end time of iron exchange, the 1# locomotive is used to pull the 1# and 2# iron packages along the main railway Ⅰ to the main railway Ⅲ relative to the right section of the intersection Ⅱ, and then the 1# locomotive first pushes the 2# iron package along the branch road Ⅰ to the railway branch line Ⅲ relative to the rear side of the 6# iron package, and then on the branch road Ⅰ, the 1# locomotive switches the pulling and pushing actions to push the 1# iron package to the railway branch line Ⅳ relative to the rear side of the 7# and 8# iron packages, thereby ensuring the iron tapping requirements of the iron-making yard exit Ⅱ;

[0020] (2.4) After the 2# and 6# iron ladles have finished receiving the molten iron on the railway branch line III, the rotary chute at the exit II of the iron yard is swung to divert the molten iron into the 7#, 8# and 1# iron ladles on the railway branch line IV; then the 1# locomotive pulls the 2# and 6# iron ladles along the branch line I to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection II, and then pushes the 2# and 6# iron ladles to the iron exchange point of the main railway I through the 1# locomotive;

[0021] At the same time, according to the end time of iron exchange, the 2# locomotive pulls the 3#, 4# and 5# iron bags along the main railway II to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection III, and then the 2# locomotive pushes the 5# iron bag along the branch road II to the corresponding rotary chute at the railway branch line V, and then on the branch road II, the 2# locomotive switches the pulling and pushing actions to push the 3# and 4# iron bags to the corresponding rotary chute at the railway branch line VI, thereby ensuring that there are iron bags waiting to receive molten iron at the exit III of the iron-making yard;

[0022] (2.5) When the iron-making at the iron-making yard exit II is finished, the iron-making at the iron-making yard exit III is switched to be discharged; then the 1# locomotive pulls the 1# iron bag, the 7# iron bag and the 8# iron bag along the branch road I to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection II, and then the 1# locomotive pushes the 1# iron bag, the 7# iron bag and the 8# iron bag to the iron exchange point of the main railway II;

[0023] At the same time, according to the end time of iron exchange, the 2# locomotive is used to pull the 2# and 6# iron packages along the main railway Ⅰ to the main railway Ⅲ on the right side of the intersection Ⅲ, and then the 2# locomotive first pushes the 6# iron package along the branch road Ⅱ to the railway branch line Ⅴ relative to the rear side of the 5# iron package, and then on the branch road Ⅱ, the 2# locomotive switches the pulling and pushing actions to push the 2# iron package to the railway branch line Ⅵ relative to the rear side of the 3# and 4# iron packages, thereby ensuring the iron tapping requirements of the iron-making yard exit Ⅲ;

[0024] (2.6) After the 5# and 6# iron ladles have finished receiving the molten iron on the railway branch line V, the rotary chute at the exit III of the iron yard is swung out to divert the molten iron into the 2#, 3# and 4# iron ladles on the railway branch line VI; then the 2# locomotive pulls the 5# and 6# iron ladles along the branch line II to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection III, and then the 2# locomotive pushes the 5# and 6# iron ladles to the iron exchange point of the main railway I;

[0025] At the same time, according to the end time of iron exchange, the 1# locomotive is used to pull the 1# iron bag, 7# iron bag and 8# iron bag along the main railway II to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection II, and then the 1# locomotive first pushes the 7# iron bag along the branch road I to the right below the corresponding rotary chute at the railway branch line I, and then on the branch road I, the 1# locomotive switches the pulling and pushing actions to push the 1# iron bag and the 8# iron bag to the right below the corresponding rotary chute at the railway branch line II, thereby ensuring that there are iron bags waiting to receive molten iron at the exit III of the iron-making yard;

[0026] (2.7) When the iron-making at the iron-making yard exit III is finished, the iron-making at the iron-making yard exit I is switched to be used; then the 2# locomotive pulls the 2#, 3# and 4# iron packages along the branch line II to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection III, and then the 2# locomotive pushes the 2#, 3# and 4# iron packages to the iron exchange point of the main railway II;

[0027] At the same time, according to the end time of iron exchange, the 1# locomotive is used to pull the 5# and 6# iron packages along the main railway Ⅰ to the main railway Ⅲ on the right side of the intersection Ⅱ, and then the 1# locomotive is used to push the 5# iron package along the branch road Ⅰ to the railway branch line Ⅰ relative to the rear side of the 7# iron package, and then the 1# locomotive is used to switch the pulling and pushing actions on the branch road Ⅰ to push the 6# iron package to the railway branch line Ⅱ relative to the rear side of the 1# and 8# iron packages, thereby ensuring the iron tapping requirements of the iron-making yard exit Ⅰ;

[0028] (2.8) Repeat the above steps to form a loop.

[0029] Preferably, the length of the main railway III relative to the right side of intersection II needs to be greater than the sum of the lengths of the 1# locomotive and the 1# railroad package and the 2# railroad package, that is, it needs to meet the turning requirements of the corresponding railroad package; the length of the main railway III relative to the right side of intersection III needs to exceed a distance greater than the sum of the lengths of the 2# locomotive and the 6# railroad package, the 7# railroad package and the 8# railroad package, that is, it needs to meet the turning requirements of the corresponding railroad package.

[0030] Preferably, in the above step (3), after the blast furnace iron flows into the iron ladle through the iron ditch, the molten iron in the iron ladle is covered with carbonized rice husks, and the specific operation is:

[0031] (3.1) When the molten iron is filled to 70% of the iron bag volume, add 75 kg of carbonized rice husks, and then break the carbonized rice husks apart to distribute them evenly;

[0032] (3.2) When the molten iron is filled to 85% of the iron bag volume, add 30 kg of carbonized rice husk to fill the exposed gaps on the surface of the molten iron.

[0033] Preferably, the carbonized rice husk needs to meet the requirement of Fcd≥2%.

[0034] Preferably, in the above step (4), an automatic capping system is provided, and the automatic capping system includes an insulation cover capping mechanism and a high-definition video transmission system; the insulation cover capping mechanism includes two semicircular insulation covers arranged above the iron ladle mouth, the inner sides of the insulation covers are sprayed with nano insulation coating and covered with a layer of heat-insulating cotton, the insulation covers are connected to the opposite sides of the outer side of the iron ladle by a mechanical arm, and power is transmitted through a hydraulic or electric system; the high-definition video transmission system includes a high-definition camera, which can scan the positioning marker and transmit the signal to the power system of the insulation cover capping mechanism through automated means, and realize the automatic capping and uncapping effect of the iron ladle on the entire operation route according to the pre-set interlocking action of capping and uncapping, thereby avoiding the consequences of human negligence and forgetting to cap and uncap.

[0035] Preferably, in the above step (4), the entire iron ladle operation cycle is divided into 10 stages, namely, waiting for the frame after iron adding, transportation to the scrap steel adding place, adding scrap steel, rail transportation to the main road, transportation to the outside of the iron outlet, transportation to under the iron outlet, waiting for iron tapping, iron tapping, transportation to the iron adding place and iron adding; then, based on the principle of adding as much as possible, the insulation cover is set to be open in the three stages of adding scrap steel, tapping iron and iron adding, and the insulation cover is set to be closed in the remaining stages.

[0036] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0037] (1) The present invention uses the optimal number of online iron ladles to improve the operating efficiency of the iron ladles, effectively reducing the temperature drop loss during the transfer of molten iron in the blast furnace and steelmaking, thereby greatly increasing the amount of scrap steel added, reducing iron consumption, and increasing steelmaking output;

[0038] (2) The present invention avoids the phenomenon of the locomotive blocking the road and turning around by pushing and pulling the locomotive, thereby improving efficiency and reducing waste;

[0039] (3) The present invention reduces the maintenance cost of the molten iron tank and improves production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the state of step (2.1) in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the state of step (2.2) in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the state of step (2.3) in the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the state of step (2.4) in the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the state during step (2.5) of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the state of step (2.6) in the present invention.

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the state during step (2.7) in the present invention.

[0048] Among them, 1-main railway I; 2-main railway II; 3-switch line; 4-main railway III; 5-intersection I; 6-intersection II; 7-intersection III; 8-branch road I; 9-branch road II; 10-casting yard exit I; 11-railway branch line I; 12-railway branch line II; 13-casting yard exit II; 14-railway branch line III; 15-railway branch line IV; 16-casting yard exit III; 17-railway branch line V; 18-railway branch line VI; 19-rotating chute. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below through specific implementation methods.

[0050] A method for reducing temperature drop loss during blast furnace molten iron transfer steelmaking process of the present invention, such as Figures 1 to 7 Shown, including

[0051] (1) By calculating and determining the optimal number of iron ladles required for production, it is possible to avoid the need for staff to increase the number of iron ladles for the convenience of scheduling, thereby improving the efficiency of iron ladle operation;

[0052] In the above steps, the formula for calculating the optimal number of iron ladles required for production is:

[0053]

[0054] In the formula, N is the number of iron ladles; P is the average daily raw iron output of the blast furnace, and it is measured in tons; a is the safety factor, and its value is 1.2; n is the number of iron tappings per day; V is the effective capacity of an iron ladle, and it is measured in tons; Y is the number of converter iron ladles, and its value is 3.

[0055] When the optimal number of iron ladles required for production is a decimal, the integer is rounded up according to the principle of rounding up. For example, taking the production system of "one blast furnace - one converter", assuming that the average daily raw iron output P of the blast furnace is 8,300 tons, the number of iron tappings per day n is 10 times, and the effective capacity V of an iron ladle is 200 tons, then the optimal number of iron ladles required for production is At this time, according to the principle of rounding, the optimal number of iron bags required for production is 8.

[0056] (2) According to the principle of optimal operation route, minimum locomotive without turning around, and minimum iron bags, reasonable planning of iron bag transportation routes is carried out to improve operation efficiency, reduce time waste, and reduce temperature drop losses;

[0057] In the above steps, main railway I1 and main railway II2 are arranged in parallel at intervals at the iron-adding place of the steel-making converter, and the ends of main railway I1 and main railway II2 away from the iron-adding place of the steel-making converter are connected to the left end of main railway III4 after being converged into intersection I5, and a switching line 3 is arranged in an X shape between the middle sections of main railway I1 and main railway II2, and then the track cutting and switching of main railway I1 and main railway II2 are carried out through the switching line 3; a casting yard outlet I10, a casting yard outlet II13 and a casting yard outlet III16 are arranged in intervals at the blast furnace, and rotating chutes 19 are respectively arranged directly below the casting yard outlet I10, the casting yard outlet II13 and the casting yard outlet III16; a railway branch line I11 and a railway branch line II12 are arranged on both sides of the rotating chute 19 of the casting yard outlet I10, and a At the outlet Ⅱ13, a railway branch line Ⅲ14 and a railway branch line Ⅳ15 are provided on both sides of its rotating chute 19, and at the outlet Ⅲ16 of the iron-making yard, a railway branch line Ⅴ17 and a railway branch line Ⅵ18 are provided on both sides of its rotating chute 19, so as to ensure that the iron ladle stops on the adjacent railway branch lines without affecting each other, and to ensure that the molten iron falls into the inner circle of the corresponding iron ladle outlet; the ends of the railway branch lines Ⅰ11, Ⅱ12, Ⅲ14 and Ⅳ15 away from the blast furnace are connected to one end of the branch line Ⅰ8, and the other end of the branch line Ⅰ8 is connected to the middle left section of the main railway Ⅲ4, and an intersection Ⅱ6 is formed; the ends of the railway branch lines Ⅴ17 and Ⅵ18 away from the blast furnace are connected to one end of the branch line Ⅱ9, and the other end of the branch line Ⅱ9 is connected to the middle right section of the main railway Ⅲ4, and an intersection Ⅲ7 is formed.

[0058] In the above steps, taking 1# iron bag, 2# iron bag, 3# iron bag, 4# iron bag, 5# iron bag, 6# iron bag, 7# iron bag, 8# iron bag, 1# locomotive and 2# locomotive as examples, the specific process of reasonable planning of the iron bag transportation route is as follows:

[0059] (2.1) The whole iron ladle dispatching starts with 1# iron ladle and 2# iron ladle receiving molten iron at railway branch line Ⅰ11, 3# iron ladle, 4# iron ladle and 5# iron ladle receiving molten iron at railway branch line Ⅱ12, and 6# iron ladle, 7# iron ladle and 8# iron ladle discharging molten iron at the steelmaking converter iron discharging point.

[0060] Among them, the length of the main railway Ⅲ4 relative to the right side of the intersection Ⅱ6 must be greater than the sum of the lengths of the 1# locomotive and the 1# railroad package and the 2# railroad package, that is, it must meet the turning requirements of the corresponding railroad package; the length of the main railway Ⅲ4 relative to the right side of the intersection Ⅲ7 must exceed a distance greater than the sum of the lengths of the 2# locomotive and the 6# railroad package, the 7# railroad package and the 8# railroad package, that is, it must meet the turning requirements of the corresponding railroad package.

[0061] (2.2) After the 1# and 2# iron ladles have finished receiving the molten iron on the railway branch line Ⅰ11, the rotary chute 19 at the iron yard exit Ⅰ10 is swung to divert the molten iron into the 3#, 4# and 5# iron ladles on the railway branch line Ⅱ12; then the 1# locomotive pulls the 1# and 2# iron ladles along the branch line Ⅰ8 to the right section of the main railway Ⅲ4 relative to the intersection Ⅱ6, and then pushes the 1# and 2# iron ladles to the iron exchange point of the main railway Ⅰ1 by the 1# locomotive;

[0062] At the same time, according to the completion time of iron exchange, 2# locomotive is used to pull 6# iron ladle, 7# iron ladle and 8# iron ladle along main railway Ⅱ2 to the right section of main railway Ⅲ4 relative to intersection Ⅲ7, and then 2# locomotive is used to push 6# iron ladle along branch road Ⅰ8 to directly under the corresponding rotary chute 19 at railway branch line Ⅲ14, and then on branch road Ⅰ8, the pulling and pushing actions of 2# locomotive are switched to push 7# iron ladle and 8# iron ladle to directly under the corresponding rotary chute 19 at railway branch line Ⅳ15, thereby ensuring that there are iron ladle waiting to receive molten iron at the iron-making yard exit Ⅱ13, effectively preventing major safety accidents caused by molten iron falling to the ground due to abnormal conditions such as sudden process accidents and equipment failures.

[0063] (2.3) When the iron is tapped out at the tapping yard exit Ⅰ10, the tapping is switched to the tapping yard exit Ⅱ13; then the 2# locomotive pulls the 3#, 4# and 5# iron bags along the branch road Ⅰ8 to the right section of the main railway Ⅲ4 relative to the intersection Ⅱ6, and then the 2# locomotive pushes the 3#, 4# and 5# iron bags to the iron exchange point of the main railway Ⅱ2;

[0064] At the same time, according to the completion time of iron exchange, 1# locomotive is used to pull 1# and 2# iron bags along the main railway Ⅰ1 to the main railway Ⅲ4 relative to the right section of intersection Ⅱ6, and then 1# locomotive is used to push 2# iron bag along branch road Ⅰ8 to railway branch line Ⅲ14 relative to the rear side of 6# iron bag, and then on branch road Ⅰ8, the pulling and pushing actions of 1# locomotive are switched to push 1# iron bag to railway branch line Ⅳ15 relative to the rear side of 7# and 8# iron bags, thereby ensuring the iron tapping requirements of the iron-making yard exit Ⅱ13.

[0065] (2.4) After the 2# and 6# iron ladles have finished receiving the molten iron on the railway branch line III 14, the rotary chute 19 at the iron yard exit II 13 is swung to divert the molten iron into the 7#, 8# and 1# iron ladles on the railway branch line IV 15; then the 1# locomotive pulls the 2# and 6# iron ladles along the branch line I 8 to the right section of the main railway III 4 relative to the intersection II 6, and then pushes the 2# and 6# iron ladles to the iron exchange point of the main railway I 1 by the 1# locomotive;

[0066] At the same time, according to the completion time of iron exchange, 2# locomotive is used to pull 3#, 4# and 5# iron bags along main railway Ⅱ2 to the right section of main railway Ⅲ4 relative to intersection Ⅲ7, and then 2# locomotive is used to push 5# iron bag along branch road Ⅱ9 to the corresponding rotary chute 19 at railway branch line Ⅴ17, and then on branch road Ⅱ9, 2# locomotive's pulling and pushing actions are switched to push 3# and 4# iron bags to the corresponding rotary chute 19 at railway branch line Ⅵ18, thereby ensuring that there are iron bags waiting to receive molten iron at the iron-making yard exit Ⅲ16, effectively preventing major safety accidents caused by molten iron falling to the ground due to abnormal conditions such as sudden process accidents and equipment failures.

[0067] (2.5) When the iron-making at the iron-making yard exit Ⅱ13 is finished, the iron-making at the iron-making yard exit Ⅲ16 is switched to be used for iron-making; then the 1# locomotive pulls the 1# iron bag, the 7# iron bag and the 8# iron bag along the branch road Ⅰ8 to the right section of the main railway Ⅲ4 relative to the intersection Ⅱ6, and then the 1# locomotive pushes the 1# iron bag, the 7# iron bag and the 8# iron bag to the iron exchange point of the main railway Ⅱ2;

[0068] At the same time, according to the completion time of iron exchange, 2# locomotive is used to pull 2# and 6# iron bags along main railway Ⅰ1 to the right section of main railway Ⅲ4 relative to intersection Ⅲ7, and then 2# locomotive is used to push 6# iron bag along branch road Ⅱ9 to railway branch line Ⅴ17 relative to the rear side of 5# iron bag, and then on branch road Ⅱ9, 2# locomotive's pulling and pushing actions are switched to push 2# iron bag to railway branch line Ⅵ18 relative to the rear side of 3# and 4# iron bags, thereby ensuring the iron output requirements of the iron-making yard exit Ⅲ16.

[0069] (2.6) After the 5# and 6# iron ladles have finished receiving the molten iron on the railway branch line V17, the rotary chute 19 at the iron yard exit III16 is swung to divert the molten iron into the 2#, 3# and 4# iron ladles on the railway branch line VI18; then the 2# locomotive pulls the 5# and 6# iron ladles along the branch line II9 to the right section of the main railway III4 relative to the intersection III7, and then the 2# locomotive pushes the 5# and 6# iron ladles to the iron exchange point of the main railway I1;

[0070] At the same time, according to the completion time of iron exchange, 1# locomotive is used to pull 1# iron ladle, 7# iron ladle and 8# iron ladle along main railway Ⅱ2 to the right section of main railway Ⅲ4 relative to intersection Ⅱ6, and then 1# locomotive is used to push 7# iron ladle along branch road Ⅰ8 to directly under the corresponding rotary chute 19 at railway branch line Ⅰ11, and then on branch road Ⅰ8, the pulling and pushing actions of 1# locomotive are switched to push 1# iron ladle and 8# iron ladle to directly under the corresponding rotary chute 19 at railway branch line Ⅱ12, thereby ensuring that there are iron ladle waiting to receive molten iron at the iron-making yard exit Ⅲ16, effectively preventing major safety accidents caused by molten iron falling to the ground due to abnormal conditions such as sudden process accidents and equipment failures.

[0071] (2.7) When the iron-making at the iron-making yard exit III16 is finished, the iron-making at the iron-making yard exit I10 is switched to be used for iron-making; then the 2# locomotive pulls the 2# iron bag, the 3# iron bag and the 4# iron bag along the branch road II9 to the right section of the main railway III4 relative to the intersection III7, and then the 2# locomotive pushes the 2# iron bag, the 3# iron bag and the 4# iron bag to the iron exchange point of the main railway II2;

[0072] At the same time, according to the completion time of iron exchange, 1# locomotive is used to pull 5# and 6# iron bags along main railway Ⅰ1 to the right section of main railway Ⅲ4 relative to intersection Ⅱ6, and then 1# locomotive is used to push 5# iron bag along branch road Ⅰ8 to railway branch line Ⅰ11 relative to the rear side of 7# iron bag, and then on branch road Ⅰ8, 1# locomotive's pulling and pushing actions are switched to push 6# iron bag to railway branch line Ⅱ12 relative to the rear side of 1# and 8# iron bags, thereby ensuring the iron output requirements of the iron-making yard exit Ⅰ10.

[0073] (2.8) Repeat the above steps to form a loop.

[0074] (3) After the blast furnace iron flows into the iron ladle through the iron ditch, it is immediately kept warm;

[0075] In the above steps, after the blast furnace iron flows into the iron ladle through the iron ditch, the molten iron in the iron ladle is covered with carbonized rice husks, and the specific operation is:

[0076] (3.1) When the molten iron is filled to 70% of the iron bag volume, 75 kg of carbonized rice husk is sprinkled in, and then the carbonized rice husk is flushed and evenly distributed. The carbonized rice husk must meet the requirement of Fcd ≥ 2%.

[0077] (3.2) When the molten iron is filled to 85% of the iron bag volume, add 30 kg of carbonized rice husk to fill the exposed gaps on the surface of the molten iron.

[0078] (4) Plan and control the timing of automatic capping of the iron ladle throughout its operation cycle to reduce heat dissipation.

[0079] In the above steps, an automatic capping system is set, and the automatic capping system includes an insulation cover capping mechanism and a high-definition video transmission system; the insulation cover capping mechanism includes two semicircular insulation covers arranged above the iron ladle mouth, the inner side of the insulation cover is sprayed with nano insulation coating and covered with a layer of heat insulation cotton, and the insulation cover is connected to the opposite sides of the outer side of the iron ladle by a mechanical arm, and power is transmitted through a hydraulic or electric system; the high-definition video transmission system includes a high-definition camera, which can scan the positioning marker and transmit the signal to the power system of the insulation cover capping mechanism by automated means, and realize the automatic capping and uncapping effect of the iron ladle on the entire operation route according to the pre-set interlocking action of capping and uncapping, thereby avoiding the consequences of human negligence of forgetting to cap and uncap. The automatic capping system of the present invention is directly arranged on the iron ladle, with quick response and simple matching, and there is no need to set up a separate capping station for complex and time-consuming parking capping and uncapping.

[0080] In the above steps, the entire iron ladle operation cycle is divided into 10 stages, namely, waiting for the frame after iron adding, transporting to the scrap steel adding place, adding scrap steel, rail transportation to the main road, transportation to the outside of the iron outlet, transportation to under the iron outlet, waiting for iron tapping, iron tapping, transportation to the iron adding place and iron adding; then, based on the principle of adding as much as possible, the insulation cover is set to be open in the three stages of adding scrap steel, tapping iron and adding iron, and the insulation cover is set to be closed in the remaining stages.

[0081] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0082] (1) The present invention uses the optimal number of online iron ladles to improve the operating efficiency of the iron ladles, effectively reducing the temperature drop loss during the transfer of molten iron in the blast furnace and steelmaking, thereby greatly increasing the amount of scrap steel added, reducing iron consumption, and increasing steelmaking output;

[0083] (2) The present invention avoids the phenomenon of the locomotive blocking the road and turning around by pushing and pulling the locomotive, thereby improving efficiency and reducing waste;

[0084] (3) The present invention reduces the maintenance cost of the molten iron tank and improves production efficiency.

[0085] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the concept and scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design concept of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary engineering technicians in the field should fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The technical contents for which protection is sought in the present invention have been fully recorded in the technical requirements.

Claims

1. A method for reducing temperature drop loss during blast furnace molten iron transfer steelmaking process, characterized in that: It includes (1) determining the optimal number of iron ladles required for production by calculation; (2) Rationally plan the rail transport routes based on the principles of the best operating route, the least number of locomotives without turning around, and the least number of railroads; (3) After the blast furnace iron flows into the iron ladle through the iron ditch, it is immediately kept warm; (4) Plan and control the timing of automatic capping of the iron ladle throughout its operation cycle to reduce heat dissipation.

2. The method for reducing temperature drop loss during blast furnace molten iron transfer steelmaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above step (1), the formula for calculating the optimal number of iron ladles required for production is: In the formula, N is the number of iron ladles; P is the average daily raw iron output of the blast furnace, and it is measured in tons; a is the safety factor, and its value is 1.2; n is the number of iron tappings per day; V is the effective capacity of an iron ladle, and it is measured in tons; Y is the number of converter iron ladles, and its value is 3.

3. The method for reducing temperature drop loss during blast furnace molten iron transfer steelmaking according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the calculated optimal number of iron ladles required for production contains decimals, the integer is taken according to the next integer principle.

4. The method for reducing temperature drop loss during blast furnace molten iron transfer steelmaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above step (2), a main railway I and a main railway II are arranged in parallel at intervals at the iron-adding place of the steel-making converter, and the ends of the main railway I and the main railway II away from the iron-adding place of the steel-making converter are connected to the left end of the main railway III after being converged into an intersection I, and a switching line is arranged in an X shape between the middle sections of the main railway I and the main railway II, and then the track switching between the main railway I and the main railway II is performed through the switching line; a cast house outlet I, a cast house outlet II and a cast house outlet III are arranged in parallel at intervals at the blast furnace, and a rotating chute is arranged directly below the cast house outlet I, the cast house outlet II and the cast house outlet III respectively; a railway branch line I and a railway branch line II are arranged on both sides of the cast house outlet I relative to its rotating chute, and at the cast house outlet A railway branch line III and a railway branch line IV are provided on both sides of the rotating chute of the iron yard outlet II, and a railway branch line V and a railway branch line VI are provided on both sides of the rotating chute of the iron casting yard outlet III, so as to ensure that the iron ladle stops on the adjacent railway branch lines without affecting each other, and to ensure that the molten iron falls into the inner circle of the corresponding iron ladle mouth; the ends of the railway branch lines I, II, III and IV away from the blast furnace are connected to one end of the branch line I, and the other end of the branch line I is connected to the middle left section of the main railway III, and an intersection II is formed; the ends of the railway branch lines V and VI away from the blast furnace are connected to one end of the branch line II, and the other end of the branch line II is connected to the middle right section of the main railway III, and an intersection III is formed.

5. The method for reducing temperature drop loss during blast furnace molten iron transfer steelmaking process according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the above step (2), taking 1# iron bag, 2# iron bag, 3# iron bag, 4# iron bag, 5# iron bag, 6# iron bag, 7# iron bag, 8# iron bag, and 1# locomotive and 2# locomotive as examples, the specific process of reasonable planning of the iron bag transportation route is as follows: (2.1) The whole iron ladle dispatching starts with 1# iron ladle and 2# iron ladle receiving molten iron at railway branch line I, 3# iron ladle, 4# iron ladle and 5# iron ladle receiving molten iron at railway branch line II, and 6# iron ladle, 7# iron ladle and 8# iron ladle discharging molten iron at the steelmaking converter iron discharging place; (2.2) After the 1# and 2# iron ladles have finished receiving the molten iron on the railway branch line Ⅰ, the rotary chute at the exit Ⅰ of the iron yard is swung to divert the molten iron into the 3#, 4# and 5# iron ladles on the railway branch line Ⅱ; then the 1# locomotive pulls the 1# and 2# iron ladles along the branch line Ⅰ to the right section of the main railway Ⅲ relative to the intersection Ⅱ, and then pushes the 1# and 2# iron ladles to the iron exchange point of the main railway Ⅰ by the 1# locomotive; At the same time, according to the end time of iron exchange, the 2# locomotive is used to pull the 6# iron bag, 7# iron bag and 8# iron bag along the main railway II to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection III, and then the 2# locomotive is used to push the 6# iron bag along the branch road I to the right below the corresponding rotary chute at the railway branch line III, and then on the branch road I, the 2# locomotive is used to switch the pulling and pushing actions to push the 7# iron bag and the 8# iron bag to the right below the corresponding rotary chute at the railway branch line IV, thereby ensuring that there are iron bags waiting to receive molten iron at the exit II of the iron-making yard; (2.3) After the iron tapping at the iron-making yard exit I is completed, the iron tapping is switched to the iron tapping at the iron-making yard exit II; then the 2# locomotive pulls the 3#, 4# and 5# iron bags along the branch line I to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection II, and then the 2# locomotive pushes the 3#, 4# and 5# iron bags to the iron exchange point of the main railway II; at the same time, according to the iron exchange completion time, the 1# locomotive pulls the 1# and 2# iron bags along the main railway I to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection II, and then the 1# locomotive pushes the 2# iron bag along the branch line I to the railway branch line III relative to the rear side of the 6# iron bag, and then on the branch I, the 1# locomotive switches the pulling and pushing actions to push the 1# iron bag to the railway branch line IV relative to the rear side of the 7# and 8# iron bags, thereby ensuring the iron tapping requirements at the iron-making yard exit II; (2.4) After the 2# and 6# iron ladles have finished receiving the molten iron on the railway branch line III, the rotary chute at the exit II of the iron yard is swung to divert the molten iron into the 7#, 8# and 1# iron ladles on the railway branch line IV; then the 1# locomotive pulls the 2# and 6# iron ladles along the branch line I to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection II, and then pushes the 2# and 6# iron ladles to the iron exchange point of the main railway I through the 1# locomotive; At the same time, according to the end time of iron exchange, the 2# locomotive pulls the 3#, 4# and 5# iron bags along the main railway II to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection III, and then the 2# locomotive pushes the 5# iron bag along the branch road II to the corresponding rotary chute at the railway branch line V, and then on the branch road II, the 2# locomotive switches the pulling and pushing actions to push the 3# and 4# iron bags to the corresponding rotary chute at the railway branch line VI, thereby ensuring that there are iron bags waiting to receive molten iron at the exit III of the iron-making yard; (2.5) When the iron-making at the iron-making yard exit II is finished, the iron-making at the iron-making yard exit III is switched to; then the 1# locomotive is used to pull the 1# iron bag, the 7# iron bag and the 8# iron bag along the branch road I to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection II, and then the 1# locomotive is used to push the 1# iron bag, the 7# iron bag and the 8# iron bag to the iron exchange point of the main railway II; at the same time, according to the completion time of the iron exchange, the 2# locomotive is used to pull the 2# iron bag and the 6# iron bag along the main railway I to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection III, and then the 2# locomotive is used to push the 6# iron bag along the branch road II to the railway branch line V relative to the rear side of the 5# iron bag, and then on the branch road II, the 2# locomotive is switched to pull and push, and the 2# iron bag is pushed to the railway branch line VI relative to the rear side of the 3# iron bag and the 4# iron bag, so as to ensure the iron-making requirements of the iron-making yard exit III; (2.6) After the 5# and 6# iron ladles have finished receiving the molten iron on the railway branch line V, the rotary chute at the exit III of the iron yard is swung out to divert the molten iron into the 2#, 3# and 4# iron ladles on the railway branch line VI; then the 2# locomotive pulls the 5# and 6# iron ladles along the branch line II to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection III, and then the 2# locomotive pushes the 5# and 6# iron ladles to the iron exchange point of the main railway I; At the same time, according to the end time of iron exchange, the 1# locomotive is used to pull the 1# iron bag, 7# iron bag and 8# iron bag along the main railway II to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection II, and then the 1# locomotive first pushes the 7# iron bag along the branch road I to the right below the corresponding rotary chute at the railway branch line I, and then on the branch road I, the 1# locomotive switches the pulling and pushing actions to push the 1# iron bag and the 8# iron bag to the right below the corresponding rotary chute at the railway branch line II, thereby ensuring that there are iron bags waiting to receive molten iron at the exit III of the iron-making yard; (2.7) When the iron-making at the iron-making yard exit III is finished, the iron-making at the iron-making yard exit I is switched to; then the 2# locomotive is used to pull the 2#, 3# and 4# iron packages along the branch line II to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection III, and then the 2# locomotive is used to push the 2#, 3# and 4# iron packages to the iron exchange point of the main railway II; at the same time, according to the completion time of the iron exchange, the 1# locomotive is used to pull the 5# and 6# iron packages along the main railway I to the right section of the main railway III relative to the intersection II, and then the 1# locomotive is used to push the 5# iron package along the branch line I to the rear side of the 7# iron package at the railway branch line I, and then the 1# locomotive is used to switch the pulling and pushing actions on the branch line I to push the 6# iron package to the rear side of the 1# and 8# iron packages at the railway branch line II, thereby ensuring the iron-making requirements of the iron-making yard exit I; (2.8) Repeat the above steps to form a loop.

6. The method for reducing temperature drop loss during blast furnace molten iron transfer steelmaking according to claim 5, characterized in that: The length of the main railway III relative to the right side of intersection II must be greater than the sum of the lengths of the 1# locomotive and the 1# railroad package and the 2# railroad package, that is, it must meet the turning requirements of the corresponding railroad package; the length of the main railway III relative to the right side of intersection III must exceed a distance greater than the sum of the lengths of the 2# locomotive and the 6# railroad package, the 7# railroad package and the 8# railroad package, that is, it must meet the turning requirements of the corresponding railroad package.

7. The method for reducing temperature drop loss during blast furnace molten iron transfer steelmaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above step (3), after the blast furnace iron flows into the iron ladle through the iron ditch, the molten iron in the iron ladle is covered with carbonized rice husks, and the specific operation is: (3.1) When the molten iron is filled to 70% of the iron bag volume, add 75 kg of carbonized rice husks, and then break the carbonized rice husks apart to distribute them evenly; (3.2) When the molten iron is filled to 85% of the iron bag volume, add 30 kg of carbonized rice husk to fill the exposed gaps on the surface of the molten iron.

8. The method for reducing temperature drop loss during blast furnace molten iron transfer steelmaking process according to claim 7, characterized in that: The carbonized rice husk must meet the requirement of Fcd≥2%.

9. The method for reducing temperature drop loss during blast furnace molten iron transfer steelmaking process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above step (4), an automatic capping system is provided, and the automatic capping system includes an insulation cover capping mechanism and a high-definition video transmission system; the insulation cover capping mechanism includes two semicircular insulation covers arranged above the iron ladle mouth, the inner sides of the insulation covers are sprayed with nano insulation coating and covered with a layer of heat-insulating cotton, the insulation covers are connected to the opposite sides of the outer side of the iron ladle by a mechanical arm, and power is transmitted through a hydraulic or electric system; the high-definition video transmission system includes a high-definition camera, which can scan the positioning marker and transmit the signal to the power system of the insulation cover capping mechanism through automated means, and realize the automatic capping and uncapping effect of the iron ladle on the entire operation route according to the pre-set interlocking action of capping and uncapping, thereby avoiding the consequences of human negligence and forgetting to cap or uncap.

10. The method for reducing temperature drop loss during blast furnace molten iron transfer steelmaking process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above step (4), the entire iron ladle operation cycle is divided into 10 stages, namely, waiting for the frame after iron addition, transportation to the scrap steel addition point, adding scrap steel, rail transportation to the main road, transportation to the outside of the iron outlet, transportation to under the iron outlet, waiting for iron tapping, iron tapping, transportation to the iron addition point and iron addition; then, based on the principle of adding as much as possible, the insulation cover is set to be open in the three stages of adding scrap steel, tapping iron and adding iron, and the insulation cover is set to be closed in the remaining stages.

Images