Waterproof construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waterproof construction, in particular to a waterproof construction method which comprises the following steps: mounting a column foot embedded part of a steel column at a preset construction position; a water stop steel plate is installed at the position close to the outer wall, and the center line of the water stop steel plate is positioned to the preset height of the elevation top of the raft; when the water stop steel plate extends, if the water stop steel plate intersects with the steel column, the water stop steel plate is horizontally expanded outwards by a preset distance to form an outwards-expanded guide wall; a first pouring formwork is erected, and a steel bar raft plate, an outer wall and the external expansion guide wall are poured; a steel column is installed on the column foot embedded part; and secondary concrete pouring is conducted on the outer wall and the external expansion guide wall. In the actual construction process, for parts with waterproof requirements, the guide walls and the water stop steel plates are expanded outwards, and the steel column is integrally wrapped, so that no construction cold seams exist on the periphery of the steel column, the construction quality is guaranteed, and the hidden danger of water seepage is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of waterproof construction, and in particular to a waterproof construction method. Background Art

[0002] In construction projects, it is common to see steel columns intersecting with basement exterior walls and fire water tanks, domestic water tanks, and drinking water tank guide walls. Generally, there are two construction processes:

[0003] The first is that the water-stop steel plate and steel column foot embedded parts need to be cast at the same time during the guide wall construction. After the guide wall concrete is cast and reaches the required strength, the concrete at the embedded parts is chiseled out and then the steel column is installed. However, during the secondary pouring of concrete, cold joints are likely to appear at the construction joints, resulting in large-scale leakage and water gushing.

[0004] The second is that if the steel columns are installed before the foundation is poured, they are installed in sections according to conventional principles. After the steel columns are installed, due to their heavy weight, the vertical pressure of the steel columns will cause the raft slab steel bars to deform, making it very easy for the column foot embedded parts and leg steel bars to damage the foundation waterproof membrane and protective layer, resulting in leakage and water gushing. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a waterproof construction method to solve the problems of leakage and water gushing during the construction of steel columns.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a waterproof construction method, the waterproof construction method comprising:

[0007] Install the column foot embedded parts of the steel column at the predetermined construction location;

[0008] The water-stop steel plate is installed at a position close to the outer wall, and the center line of the water-stop steel plate is positioned at a predetermined height of the top of the raft elevation; and when the water-stop steel plate is extended, if it intersects with the steel column, the water-stop steel plate is horizontally expanded outward by a predetermined distance to form an outward expansion guide wall;

[0009] Supporting a first casting formwork, and casting a reinforced raft slab, an outer wall, and the outer expansion guide wall;

[0010] Installing the steel column on the column foot embedded part;

[0011] The outer wall and the outer expansion guide wall are poured with concrete for a second time.

[0012] Beneficial effects: In the actual construction process, for locations with waterproofing requirements, such as fire water tanks, domestic water tanks, drinking water tanks and the positions of steel tube concrete columns that intersect with exterior walls, the guide wall and water-stop steel plate are expanded outward and the steel column is wrapped as a whole, so that there is no construction cold joint around the steel column, ensuring the construction quality and avoiding the hidden danger of water seepage. At the same time, when using this construction method, there is no need to wait for the steel column to be processed on site, and the concrete raft slab can be constructed first, and there is no reserved cold joint, so as to avoid the hidden danger of water seepage and leakage. The on-site column foot embedded parts are installed before the concrete pier is poured, with accurate positioning, controllable elevation, and no damage to the foundation steel bars and waterproof membranes. The outward-expanded guide wall and the exterior wall are cast as a whole, so that there is no construction joint around the steel column, and the outward-expanded guide wall and the guide walls on both sides of the steel column are covered with water-stop steel plates to ensure the waterproof effect on the outside of the steel column.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the predetermined height is between 280 mm and 320 mm.

[0014] In an optional implementation, the predetermined distance is between 380 mm and 420 mm.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, before setting up the first casting formwork, the method further includes:

[0016] On the outer expansion guide wall, steel bars are tied in a horizontal direction.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, after the steel bars are tied in the horizontal direction, the method further comprises:

[0018] When the steel bars are tied in the horizontal direction and intersected with the steel column, the steel bars are bent outwards and La is wrapped around.

[0019] Beneficial effect: During the binding process, if the horizontal steel bar encounters an installed steel column, compared with directly cutting or avoiding the steel bar, bending the steel bar outward to surround it can ensure that the steel bar can still be effectively anchored and transfer the load after bending. In addition, the bent steel bar is arranged around the edge of the steel column to ensure that the continuity of the steel bar and the integrity of the structure are not affected.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the casting of the reinforced raft slab, the outer wall and the outer expansion guide wall comprises:

[0021] Casting of reinforced raft slab;

[0022] And cast the outer wall and the outer expansion guide wall, the thickness of the outer wall and the outer expansion guide wall is between 280mm and 320mm.

[0023] Beneficial effect: In the embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the outer wall and the outward expansion guide wall is between 280 mm and 320 mm, that is, the concrete at the outward expansion guide wall of the steel column is locally thickened, thereby enhancing the self-waterproofing performance of the concrete part of the steel column and improving a certain waterproofing effect.

[0024] In an optional implementation manner, before the secondary pouring of concrete for the outer wall and the outer expansion guide wall, the method further includes:

[0025] The steel column is corrected.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the waterproof construction method further includes:

[0027] Cleaning concrete construction gaps;

[0028] Reinforcement is performed on the outer concrete of the outer wall and the steel column.

[0029] In an optional embodiment, the waterproof construction method further includes:

[0030] Set up the second casting formwork.

[0031] In an optional implementation, before installing the column foot embedded parts of the steel column at the predetermined construction position, the method includes:

[0032] Determine the intersection of the steel column and the exterior wall;

[0033] Reinforcement is tied to the building foundation and the reinforced raft slab, and reinforcement is tied longitudinally on the exterior wall. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the related technologies, the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the related technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the intersection of a steel column and an external wall in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the steel column foot embedded parts on the raft slab in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a front view of the embedded part of the steel column foot in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 A top view of a steel column foot embedded part in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of a steel column foot embedded part installed on a raft slab in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the water-stop steel plate and the steel column in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the coordination between the water-stop steel plate and the exterior wall in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the steel bar being bent outwards and La being surrounded in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the steel column and column foot embedded parts installed on the raft in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.10 This is a construction drawing of a water-stop steel plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.11 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of secondary pouring of water-stop steel plate;

[0046] Fig.12 for Fig.10 Schematic diagram of secondary pouring of water-stop steel plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can also be the internal communication of two components, it can be a wireless connection, or it can be a wired connection. For ordinary workers in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0051] In recent years, steel structures have been used more and more widely in prefabricated building projects, and have achieved very good application results. In steel structure installation projects, the vertical structure is reasonably segmented by steel columns and installed layer by layer. The segmentation is usually based on one layer per section, or two layers per section. However, in complex basement projects, it is common for steel columns to intersect with the basement exterior walls and fire water tanks, domestic water tanks, drinking water tank guide walls, etc. Generally, there are two construction processes:

[0052] (1) Because the guide wall construction requires the simultaneous pouring of water-stop steel plates and steel column foot embedded parts, the guide wall concrete pouring is completed and reaches the required strength, and the steel columns are installed after the concrete at the embedded parts position is chiseled out. If this construction process is followed, cold joints will appear at the construction joint position during the secondary pouring of concrete, which will subsequently lead to large-scale leakage and water gushing quality risks;

[0053] (2) If the steel column is installed before the foundation is poured, it is divided into sections according to the conventional principle. After the steel column is installed, due to its heavy weight, the vertical pressure will cause the raft reinforcement to deform, and the steel column elevation will be difficult to control. In addition, the steel bars of the embedded legs at the foot of the column can easily damage the foundation waterproofing membrane and protective layer, which will also cause leakage and water gushing quality risks to the foundation. At the same time, the early processing pressure of the steel column is often high, and the concrete structure construction needs to wait for the processing, transportation and installation of the steel column, resulting in a waste of construction time.

[0054] Combine the following Figures 1 to 12 , describing an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the one hand, a waterproof construction method is provided, the waterproof construction method comprising:

[0056] S1. Install the column foot embedded parts of the steel column at the predetermined construction location;

[0057] In the embodiment of the present invention, the column foot embedded part can be a pre-designed and manufactured metal part. Usually, one end of the column foot embedded part needs to be inserted into the concrete foundation, and then the other end of the column foot embedded part extends to the outside. The column foot embedded part is used to connect the steel column to the foundation of the building. It usually includes a bottom plate, anchor bars, etc., which are used to transfer the load of the steel column to the concrete foundation to ensure the stability and safety of the steel column.

[0058] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown in the figure, before the concrete foundation is constructed, the column foot embedded parts are placed in the foundation formwork according to the precise size and position requirements on the design drawings. During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the horizontality, verticality and relative position of the embedded parts to other structures are accurate.

[0059] During installation, the column base embedded parts also need to be positioned. For example, measuring instruments (such as theodolite, level ruler, laser marking instrument, etc.) can be used to check the three-dimensional coordinates of the column base embedded parts to ensure that they are not only correct in the horizontal and vertical directions, but also meet the alignment requirements with other structural components. This ensures the smooth docking of the subsequent steel columns and the safety and stability of the entire structure.

[0060] S2, installing a water-stop steel plate at a position close to the outer wall, with the center line of the water-stop steel plate positioned at a predetermined height of the top of the raft elevation; and when the water-stop steel plate is extended, if it intersects with the steel column, the water-stop steel plate is horizontally expanded outward by a predetermined distance to form an outward expansion guide wall;

[0061] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the raft slab generally refers to a steel raft slab, which is a building foundation. It is generally composed of densely arranged steel meshes, and these steel bars are arranged according to design specifications to bear and distribute the load of the building to the foundation.

[0062] As for the water stop steel plate, it is a metal plate used to prevent water penetration and is often used in underground structures, pools and other places that require waterproofing. In the actual construction process, the water stop steel plate can be placed in the designated position and ensured to be stable by welding, bolting or other fixing measures to prevent displacement during concrete pouring.

[0063] Furthermore, the center line of the water-stop steel plate can be positioned at a predetermined height above the top of the raft slab, so that in the subsequent concrete pouring, the water-stop steel plate can effectively block the groundwater from rising along the structural gap, thereby achieving the expected waterproof effect. As for the specific value of the predetermined height, those skilled in the art can change it according to actual conditions, for example, it can be 200mm, 300mm, 400mm, etc. This embodiment is not limited to this, and it can achieve the same technical effect.

[0064] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, further, when the water-stop steel plate encounters a steel column, it is necessary to extend the water-stop steel plate horizontally outward around the steel column by a predetermined distance. This is done to ensure that the joint between the steel column and the raft plate is fully and continuously waterproof and sealed, and to effectively prevent moisture penetration even in areas with large structural changes such as around the steel column. Similarly, for the specific value of the predetermined distance, those skilled in the art can change it according to actual conditions, for example, it can be 300mm, 400mm, 500mm, etc. This embodiment does not limit this, and it can achieve the same technical effect.

[0065] S3, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Fig.10 As shown, a first casting formwork is set up, and a reinforced raft slab, an outer wall and the outer expansion guide wall are cast;

[0066] In the embodiment of the present invention, it is necessary to support a first casting template for casting the reinforced raft, the outer wall and the outward expansion guide wall. In this way, after the template is supported, the concrete casting work of the raft foundation, the outer wall and the guide wall can be completed at one time. Such a construction sequence and method is helpful to improve work efficiency, reduce construction joints, and ensure the integrity and waterproof performance of the structure.

[0067] S4, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the steel column is installed on the column foot embedded part;

[0068] In the embodiment of the present invention, the prefabricated steel column components need to be placed in the predetermined position according to the requirements of the design drawings. Of course, they can also be accurately calibrated through measuring instruments (such as laser levels, theodolites, etc.) to ensure that the verticality and planar position of the steel columns meet the engineering standards, laying the foundation for the stability of the entire building structure.

[0069] S5, such as Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, the outer wall and the outer expansion guide wall are poured with concrete for the second time.

[0070] With such a setting, in the actual construction process, for the locations with waterproofing requirements, such as the positions of steel tube concrete columns intersecting with fire water tanks, domestic water tanks, drinking water tanks and exterior walls, by expanding the guide wall and water-stop steel plate outward and wrapping the steel column as a whole, there is no construction cold joint around the steel column, ensuring the construction quality and avoiding the hidden danger of water seepage. At the same time, when using this construction method, there is no need to wait for the steel column to be processed on site, and the concrete raft slab can be constructed first, and there is no reserved cold joint, so as to avoid the hidden danger of water seepage and leakage. The embedded parts of the column foot on site are installed before the concrete pier is poured, with accurate positioning, controllable elevation, and no damage to the foundation steel bars and waterproof membranes. The outward expansion guide wall and the exterior wall are cast as a whole, so that there is no construction joint around the steel column, and the outward expansion guide wall and the guide walls on both sides of the steel column are covered with water-stop steel plates, which can ensure the waterproof effect on the outside of the steel column.

[0071] Further, in an optional embodiment, the predetermined height is between 280 mm and 320 mm.

[0072] Further, in an optional implementation, the predetermined distance is between 380 mm and 420 mm.

[0073] Furthermore, in an optional embodiment, before supporting the first casting formwork, the method further includes:

[0074] S6. On the outer expansion guide wall, steel bars are tied in a horizontal direction.

[0075] At the predetermined position of the guide wall structure, the steel bars arranged horizontally as required by the design are tied. These steel bars are used to strengthen the lateral stability and load-bearing capacity of the guide wall.

[0076] Furthermore, in an optional embodiment, after the steel bars are tied in the horizontal direction, the method further comprises:

[0077] S7. When the steel bars are tied in the horizontal direction and intersected with the steel column, the steel bars are bent outwards and La is wrapped around.

[0078] like Figure 8 As shown in the figure, during the binding process, if the horizontal steel bar encounters the installed steel column body, the steel bar needs to be bent outward when it reaches the edge of the steel column. This ensures that the steel bar can still be effectively anchored and transfer the load after bending. In addition, the bent steel bar needs to be arranged around the edge of the steel column to ensure that the continuity of the steel bar and the integrity of the structure are not affected.

[0079] With such a configuration, during the binding process, if the horizontal steel bar encounters an installed steel column, compared with directly cutting or avoiding the steel bar, bending the steel bar outwards to surround it can ensure that the steel bar can still be effectively anchored and transfer the load after bending. In addition, the bent steel bar is arranged around the edge of the steel column, which can ensure that the continuity of the steel bar and the integrity of the structure are not affected.

[0080] Further, in an optional implementation, the step S3 includes:

[0081] S31, pouring reinforced raft slab;

[0082] The concrete mixture is poured into the pre-set formwork to form the foundation structure of the raft slab. During this process, the concrete mix ratio, pouring speed and vibration process need to be strictly controlled to ensure the density and strength of the concrete.

[0083] S32, and casting the outer wall and the outer expansion guide wall, the thickness of the outer wall and the outer expansion guide wall is between 280mm and 320mm.

[0084] The extended guide wall is used to define the excavation boundary, maintain the stability of the excavation face, and participate in the load-bearing as part of the underground continuous wall. When constructing the guide wall, the wall is expanded outward to meet additional structural or waterproofing requirements.

[0085] With such arrangement, the embodiment of the present invention sets the thickness of the outer wall and the outward expansion guide wall between 280 mm and 320 mm, that is, the concrete at the outward expansion guide wall of the steel column is locally thickened, thereby enhancing the self-waterproofing performance of the concrete part of the steel column and improving a certain waterproofing effect.

[0086] Furthermore, in an optional implementation manner, before the secondary pouring of concrete for the outer wall and the outer expansion guide wall, the method further includes:

[0087] S8. Correct the steel column.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present invention, precise calibration can be performed through measuring instruments, such as laser levels, theodolites, etc., to ensure that the verticality and planar position of the steel columns meet engineering standards, thus laying the foundation for the stability of the entire building structure.

[0089] Of course, this embodiment is only an example of the type of measuring instrument, but it is not limited to this. Those skilled in the art can make changes according to actual conditions as long as the same technical effect can be achieved.

[0090] Furthermore, in an optional embodiment, the waterproof construction method further includes:

[0091] S9. Clean the gaps in concrete construction;

[0092] During the concrete pouring process, construction joints are set to avoid cracks caused by thermal expansion and contraction. Step S9 is to remove residual debris, loose concrete blocks and impurities that may affect the subsequent concrete bonding in the construction joints after the concrete is initially set, to ensure that the new and old concrete can be tightly combined during the next concrete pouring.

[0093] S10, tying steel bars to the outer concrete of the outer wall and the steel column.

[0094] Step S10 refers to arranging and tying the steel bars for the outer wall and the outer part of the steel column where concrete needs to be poured. The steel mesh is the key to the strength of the wall and column. The correct connection between the steel bars and between the steel bars and the embedded parts is ensured by tying to form an effective force system.

[0095] Furthermore, in an optional embodiment, the waterproof construction method further includes:

[0096] S11. Support the second casting formwork.

[0097] After the reinforcement is tied, the formwork needs to be built to form the concrete pouring surface of the walls and columns. This includes installing the formwork panels, fixing the formwork frames, and ensuring that the formwork system is stable and accurate so that the subsequent concrete pouring can form a flat and accurate structural surface.

[0098] Furthermore, in an optional implementation manner, before installing the column foot embedded part of the steel column at the predetermined construction position, the method includes:

[0099] S12. Determine the intersection position of the steel column and the exterior wall;

[0100] S13, tying steel bars to the building foundation and the steel raft slab, and tying steel bars along the longitudinal direction on the exterior wall.

[0101] Generally speaking, Figure 1 As shown, first determine the intersection of the steel column and the exterior wall according to the drawings. The reinforced raft slab is composed of densely arranged steel meshes, which is used to bear and distribute the load of the building to the foundation.

[0102] In the embodiment of the present invention, it is necessary to use tie wires or binding bands to fix these steel bars together according to the requirements of the design drawings to ensure that they maintain the correct position and spacing when pouring concrete, thereby ensuring the integrity and bearing capacity of the structure.

[0103] Furthermore, in the construction of the wall, the steel bars are divided into longitudinal steel bars and horizontal steel bars according to the direction of force. The longitudinal steel bars mainly bear the tension and pressure of the wall and are arranged along the height direction of the wall. The longitudinal steel bars and the horizontal steel bars form an integral steel cage, which provides the necessary steel skeleton for the subsequent concrete pouring and enhances the structural stability of the wall.

[0104] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A waterproof construction method, characterized in that: include: Install the column foot embedded parts of the steel column at the predetermined construction location; The water-stop steel plate is installed at a position close to the outer wall, and the center line of the water-stop steel plate is positioned at a predetermined height of the top of the raft elevation; and when the water-stop steel plate is extended, if it intersects with the steel column, the water-stop steel plate is horizontally expanded outward by a predetermined distance to form an outward expansion guide wall; Supporting a first casting formwork, and casting a reinforced raft slab, an outer wall, and the outer expansion guide wall; Installing the steel column on the column foot embedded part; The outer wall and the outer expansion guide wall are poured with concrete for a second time.

2. The waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The predetermined height is between 280 mm and 320 mm.

3. The waterproof construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The predetermined distance is between 380 mm and 420 mm.

4. The waterproof construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Before setting up the first pouring formwork, the following steps are also included: On the outer expansion guide wall, steel bars are tied in a horizontal direction.

5. The waterproof construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the reinforcement is tied in the horizontal direction, it also includes: When the steel bars are tied in the horizontal direction and intersected with the steel column, the steel bars are bent outwards and La is wrapped around.

6. The waterproof construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The casting of the reinforced raft slab, the outer wall and the outer expansion guide wall comprises: Casting of reinforced raft slab; And cast the outer wall and the outer expansion guide wall, the thickness of the outer wall and the outer expansion guide wall is between 280mm and 320mm.

7. The waterproof construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Before the secondary pouring of concrete for the outer wall and the outer expansion guide wall, the method further comprises: The steel column is corrected.

8. The waterproof construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes: Cleaning concrete construction gaps; Reinforcement is performed on the outer concrete of the outer wall and the steel column.

9. The waterproof construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: Set up the second casting formwork.

10. The waterproof construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Before installing the column base embedded parts of the steel column at the predetermined construction location, including: Determine the intersection of the steel column and the exterior wall; Reinforcement is tied to the building foundation and the reinforced raft slab, and reinforcement is tied longitudinally on the exterior wall.

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