A method for constructing a daylighting roof

Abstract

A daylighting roof construction method, S1, using three-dimensional simulation calculation software to simulate and analyze the whole construction process, extracting the coordinates of each connecting node and the relative angle of each component at the connecting node; S2, based on the simulation analysis results, deepening modeling is carried out to form deepening drawings, and each component is processed and numbered according to the deepening drawings; S3, bottom column installation, according to the deepening drawings, the numbered columns are hoisted to the building body in turn, and the bottom of the column is connected with the main body through the first connecting structure, and the point is measured and placed through the total station before connection; S4, main beam installation, install the main beam between the two columns on the opposite side, hoist the numbered main beam to the corresponding numbered column according to the deepening drawings, and connect the main beam with the column through the second connecting structure; S5, the secondary beam between the main beams is fixed between the adjacent main beams, and the numbered secondary beam is hoisted to the corresponding main beam according to the deepening drawings and welded and fixed at both ends; S6, first, the middle part of the daylighting roof is constructed according to steps S4 and S5, and then the construction is alternately carried out to both sides in turn until the whole daylighting roof is completed; S7, remove the tower crane and install the missing beam body at the tower crane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of skylight construction, and more specifically, to a skylight construction method. Background Technology

[0002] For example Figure 1 During the construction of the skylight shown, its elliptical shape, composed of multiple components of varying lengths, resulted in inconsistent component lengths and installation positions, hindering coordinated work and leading to misoperations. Furthermore, the heaviest component weighed 1.161 tons, and due to its long length, two lifting lugs were used for hoisting. However, during assembly and welding, it was difficult to ensure precise insertion of the main beam into the supporting channel steel at the top of the columns, requiring manual assistance. This high-altitude work posed significant risks, and manual adjustment was inconvenient given its weight. Additionally, the elliptical shape resulted in inconsistent angles for the secondary steel beams connecting to the columns at the nodes, preventing their installation if the columns were not installed precisely.

[0003] Therefore, those skilled in the art need to improve existing construction methods. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of this application is to provide a construction method for skylights. First, simulation software is used to analyze and precisely control the position, node coordinates, and angles of each component during construction. Second, the components are numbered and detailed in the installation drawings to ensure the accuracy of construction.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, firstly, this application provides a method for constructing a skylight, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Use three-dimensional simulation software to simulate and analyze the entire construction process, and extract the coordinates of each connection node and the relative angles of each component at the connection node;

[0007] S2. Based on the simulation analysis results, perform detailed modeling to generate detailed drawings. Each component is then processed according to the detailed drawings and numbered.

[0008] S3. Bottom column installation: According to the detailed drawings, the numbered columns are hoisted onto the main building in sequence, and the bottom of the columns is connected to the main body through the first connecting structure. Before the connection, the total station is used to measure and mark the points.

[0009] S4. Main beam installation: Install the main beam between the two columns on opposite sides. According to the detailed drawings, hoist the numbered main beams to the corresponding numbered columns in sequence, and connect the main beams to the columns through the second connecting structure.

[0010] S5. Installation of secondary beams between main beams: Fix several secondary beams between adjacent main beams, and hoist the numbered secondary beams to the corresponding main beams according to the detailed drawings and weld them at both ends.

[0011] S6. First, carry out steps S4 and S5 on the middle part of the skylight. After that, proceed to both sides alternately until the entire skylight is completed.

[0012] S7. Dismantle the tower crane and install the missing beams at the tower crane location.

[0013] A further improvement is that the first connection structure includes a through stiffening plate fixedly installed below the floor slab, a column that penetrates the floor slab and is fixedly connected to the through stiffening plate, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are provided between the column and the floor slab, and the through stiffening plate is welded and fixed to the main structural beam.

[0014] A further improvement is that the second connection structure includes several supporting channel steels fixedly installed on the top of the column. The end of the main beam is engaged with and welded to the supporting channel steels. The supporting channel steels extend radially along the column. Before hoisting, a guide structure is installed above the supporting channel steels. The guide structure includes inclined guide plates installed on both sides of the supporting channel steels, a connecting plate detachably connected to the top of the column, and a connecting rod connecting the guide plates and the connecting plate.

[0015] Further improvements include the use of seamless steel pipes of D402×20 for the columns, 450×150×14 for the main beams, and 200×150×6 for the secondary beams.

[0016] A further improvement is that, before the main beam is hoisted, two clamping plates made of 10mm thick steel plates are welded to its ends. After the main beam is hoisted into place, the clamping plates are used for welding and fixing.

[0017] A further improvement is that the fire resistance time of the column is 2 hours, and its surface is coated with a non-intumescent fire-retardant coating.

[0018] A further improvement is that the fire resistance time of the main beam and the secondary beam is 1.5 hours, and their surfaces are coated with non-intumescent fire-retardant paint.

[0019] A further improvement is that each component is equipped with two lifting lugs and is lifted using two lifting points. The angle of the wire rope is controlled at 45-60°. To control the spatial posture during lifting, each lifting point is equipped with a 2t chain hoist using one wire rope to adjust the lifting posture.

[0020] The present invention provides a skylight construction method, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art. First, it uses simulation software to analyze and accurately control the position, node coordinates and angles of each component during construction. Second, it uses numbered and detailed installation drawings for the components to ensure the accuracy of construction. Third, when hoisting and welding the heavy main beam, a guide structure is set up to facilitate the precise insertion of both ends of the hoisted main beam into the support channel steel, thus achieving precise positioning and ensuring the smooth progress of construction. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a skylight;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the column structure;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the guide structure.

[0024] The components include: 1. Column; 2. Supporting channel steel; 3. Guide plate; 4. Connecting plate; 5. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be used interchangeably where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0027] Furthermore, in addition to indicating location or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] In addition, the term "multiple" should mean two or more.

[0029] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments.

[0030] A method for constructing a skylight includes the following steps:

[0031] S1. Use three-dimensional simulation software to simulate and analyze the entire construction process, and extract the coordinates of each connection node and the relative angles of each component at the connection node;

[0032] S2. Based on the simulation analysis results, perform detailed modeling to generate detailed drawings. Each component is then processed according to the detailed drawings and numbered.

[0033] S3. Bottom column installation: According to the detailed drawings, the numbered columns are hoisted onto the main building in sequence, and the bottom of the columns is connected to the main body through the first connecting structure. Before the connection, the total station is used to measure and mark the points.

[0034] S4. Main beam installation: Install the main beam between the two columns on opposite sides. According to the detailed drawings, hoist the numbered main beams to the corresponding numbered columns in sequence, and connect the main beams to the columns through the second connecting structure.

[0035] S5. Installation of secondary beams between main beams: Fix several secondary beams between adjacent main beams, and hoist the numbered secondary beams to the corresponding main beams according to the detailed drawings and weld them at both ends.

[0036] S6. First, carry out steps S4 and S5 on the middle part of the skylight. After that, proceed to both sides alternately until the entire skylight is completed.

[0037] S7. Dismantle the tower crane and install the missing beams at the tower crane location.

[0038] The structure of the skylight is as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, its shape is elliptical. Therefore, the lengths of the members are different, and there are various forms of connection nodes. Therefore, 3D simulation software is used to simulate the process before construction to accurately control the coordinates of each node and the angles of the members on each node. Then, detailed drawings are constructed, each member is numbered, and its length, weight, and strength are strictly controlled to ensure the overall construction progress and prevent errors in each stage of construction, thus ensuring the smooth progress of construction.

[0039] like Figure 2As shown, the first connecting structure includes a through stiffening plate fixedly installed below the floor slab, and a column 1 that passes through the floor slab and is fixedly connected to the through stiffening plate. Several reinforcing ribs are provided between the column 1 and the floor slab. The through stiffening plate is welded and fixed to the main structural beam. The through stiffening plate makes the overall structure stable, and the reinforcing ribs further enhance the strength and stability of the column.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the second connection structure includes several supporting channel steels 2 fixedly installed on the top of the column 1. The end of the main beam is engaged with and welded to the supporting channel steels 2. The supporting channel steels 2 extend radially along the column 1. Before hoisting, a guide structure is installed above the supporting channel steels 2. The guide structure includes inclined guide plates 3 installed on both sides of the supporting channel steels 2, a connecting plate 4 detachably connected to the top of the column 1, and a connecting rod 5 connecting the guide plate 3 and the connecting plate 4.

[0041] When hoisting the main beam or secondary beam during construction, the main beam is lifted by a tower crane and hoisted to the designated location according to its number. During the lowering process, it is only necessary to align it with the guide structure and then lower it into the interface of the guide plates on both sides. This is more convenient than aligning it with the slot of the support channel steel 2. After the main beam and secondary beam of this node are completed, the guide structure can be removed. There is no need for manual adjustment of the position of the end of the main beam at high altitude. Moreover, by setting the support channel steel on the column, it not only achieves precise positioning, but also provides support for the main beam or secondary beam before welding, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of the overall structure.

[0042] To ensure structural strength and overall stability, the columns are made of seamless steel pipes of D402×20, the main beams are made of steel box girders of 450×150×14, and the secondary beams are made of rectangular steel pipes of 200×150×6.

[0043] To facilitate the installation and welding of the main beam, two clamping plates made of 10mm thick steel plates are welded to the end of the main beam before hoisting. After the main beam is hoisted into place, the clamping plates are used for welding and fixing.

[0044] To ensure its weather resistance, the fire resistance time of the column is 2 hours, and its surface is coated with a non-intumescent fireproof coating (thermal conductivity coefficient ≤0.08). The fire resistance time of the main beam and the secondary beam is 1.5 hours, and their surfaces are coated with a non-intumescent fireproof coating (equivalent thermal resistance 0.35 m2℃ / W).

[0045] To ensure stability during hoisting, each component is equipped with two lifting lugs and hoisted using two lifting points. The angle between the wire ropes is controlled at 45-60°. To control the spatial posture during hoisting, each lifting point is equipped with a 2t chain hoist using one wire rope to adjust the hoisting posture.

[0046] When selecting the diameter of a wire rope, the total breaking force Fg of the wire is usually calculated based on the tension (i.e., allowable tension Fg) on ​​the wire rope, and then the corresponding wire rope diameter is found by referring to the table.

[0047] When calculating the weight of a wire rope, taking a self-weight coefficient of 1.1, the force on a single wire rope is:

[0048]

[0049] The plan is to use 6×37+1 steel wire rope as the lifting tool during hoisting. The allowable tensile force of the steel wire rope is calculated as follows:

[0050]

[0051] [Fg] — Permissible tensile strength of the wire rope (kN);

[0052] Fg—The total breaking force of the wire rope;

[0053] α—Considering the load unevenness coefficient between wire ropes, for 6×19, 6×37, and 6×61 wire ropes, α is taken as 0.85, 0.82, and 0.80 respectively.

[0054] K—Safety factor of wire rope. When used as a sling, take 6 to 8 when there is bending (the bending radius is not less than 20 times the diameter of the wire rope), and take 5 to 6 when there is no bending.

[0055] The total breaking force of the required sling wire rope is calculated as follows:

[0056]

[0057] According to the appendix of GB 8918-2006 "Steel Wire Ropes for Important Purposes", a fiber core steel wire rope with a strength grade of 1770MPa, a specification of 6×37+1, a diameter of 14mm, and a breaking tensile strength of 102KN is selected, which meets the usage requirements.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a skylight, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Use three-dimensional simulation software to simulate and analyze the entire construction process, and extract the coordinates of each connection node and the relative angles of each component at the connection node; S2. Based on the simulation analysis results, perform detailed modeling to generate detailed drawings. Each component is then processed according to the detailed drawings and numbered. S3. Bottom column installation: According to the detailed drawings, the numbered columns are hoisted onto the main building in sequence, and the bottom of the columns is connected to the main body through the first connecting structure. Before the connection, the total station is used to measure and mark the points. S4. Main beam installation: Install the main beam between the two columns on opposite sides. According to the detailed drawings, hoist the numbered main beams to the corresponding numbered columns in sequence, and connect the main beams to the columns through the second connecting structure. S5. Installation of secondary beams between main beams: Fix several secondary beams between adjacent main beams, and hoist the numbered secondary beams to the corresponding main beams according to the detailed drawings and weld them at both ends. S6. First, carry out steps S4 and S5 on the middle part of the skylight. After that, proceed to both sides alternately until the entire skylight is completed. S7. Dismantle the tower crane and install the missing beam at the tower crane location; The first connection structure includes a through stiffening plate fixedly installed below the floor slab, a column that passes through the floor slab and is fixedly connected to the through stiffening plate, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are provided between the column and the floor slab, and the through stiffening plate is welded and fixed to the main structural beam. The second connection structure includes several supporting channel steels fixedly installed on the top of the column. The end of the main beam is engaged with and welded to the supporting channel steels. The supporting channel steels extend radially along the column. Before hoisting, a guide structure is installed above the supporting channel steels. The guide structure includes inclined guide plates installed on both sides of the supporting channel steels, a connecting plate detachably connected to the top of the column, and a connecting rod connecting the guide plates and the connecting plate.

2. The method for constructing a skylight as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fire resistance time of the column is 2 hours, and its surface is coated with a non-intumescent fireproof coating.

3. The method for constructing a skylight as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The main beam and the secondary beam have a fire resistance time of 1.5 hours, and their surfaces are coated with non-intumescent fire-retardant paint.

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