Novel variable-flow counter flow cooling tower

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of cooling equipment, in particular to a novel variable-flow countercurrent cooling tower which comprises a tower body, a plurality of large-flow spraying pipes and a plurality of small-flow spraying pipes are arranged above filler in the tower body, and one small-flow spraying pipe is tightly attached to each of the two sides of each large-flow spraying pipe in the horizontal direction. The small-flow spraying pipe and the large-flow spraying pipe are parallel to each other to form a child-mother pipe, two air deflectors installed between the large-flow spraying pipe and the small-flow spraying pipe are arranged on the lower portion of the child-mother pipe so as to reduce air resistance, the small-flow spraying pipe is connected with a water feeding branch pipe, the large-flow spraying pipe is connected with a water feeding main pipe, the water feeding branch pipe is branched out of the water feeding main pipe, and the small-flow spraying pipe is connected with the large-flow spraying pipe. A pressure relay is installed on the water feeding main pipe and located on the upstream of the water feeding branch pipe, a pipeline pressure pump is installed on the water feeding branch pipe, and a first valve and a second valve are arranged on the water feeding main pipe and the water feeding branch pipe respectively. The problem that circulating water is sprayed unevenly under the small-flow working condition of the reverse flow type cooling tower is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of cooling equipment, and in particular to a novel variable flow counter-flow cooling tower. Background Art

[0002] Countercurrent cooling towers are widely used in various industrial fields to provide circulating cooling water for process flow or equipment. The basic principle is that hot water from the user is introduced from the upper part of the tower, sprayed evenly on the filler through the spray pipe and nozzle, flows downward along the surface of the filler, and directly contacts with the cold air flowing upstream from the bottom, transferring heat and mass. The cold air absorbs the heat of the hot water and is discharged from the upper outlet through the fan. The water after heat release and temperature reduction falls into the water tank at the bottom of the tower and is then pumped to the user.

[0003] In the design and operation of countercurrent cooling towers, the flow rate of circulating cooling water is one of the key factors affecting the water temperature out of the tower. Cooling towers are usually designed to cool large flows of circulating water during high temperatures in summer to meet users' large cooling needs. Under large flows, circulating water can be easily sprayed evenly on the filler, so that the filler can play a cooling role everywhere. However, in autumn and winter, the temperature drops, the demand for circulating water decreases, and it is a low flow condition. At this time, the reduction in circulating water may cause the spray water to be not evenly distributed to each nozzle, and the nozzle cannot spread the water. As a result, the filler is unevenly sprayed with water on the water surface, and the filler area that is not sprayed with water cannot play a cooling role, thus affecting the overall cooling effect of the circulating water. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem of uneven sprinkling of circulating water in a counterflow cooling tower under low flow conditions, the present application provides a novel variable flow counterflow cooling tower.

[0005] The novel variable flow countercurrent cooling tower provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A novel variable flow countercurrent cooling tower comprises a tower body, wherein a plurality of large flow spray pipes and a plurality of small flow spray pipes are arranged above the filler in the tower body, each large flow spray pipe is closely attached to a small flow spray pipe on both sides in the horizontal direction, and the small flow spray pipe and the large flow spray pipe are parallel to each other, the small flow spray pipe is connected to an upper water branch, the large flow spray pipe is connected to an upper water main, the upper water branch of the small flow spray pipe is communicated with the upper water main of the large flow spray pipe closely attached thereto, a first valve is arranged on the upper water main, a second valve is arranged on the upper water branch, the first valve and the second valve are commonly connected to a switching component, the switching component is used to close the first valve and open the second valve under a small flow condition, a plurality of large flow nozzles are arranged on the large flow spray pipe, and a plurality of small flow nozzles are arranged on the small flow spray pipe.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, when the atmospheric temperature drops, the amount of circulating cooling water decreases, the water pressure of the water supply main decreases, and the first valve is closed and the second valve is opened by the switching member, so that the circulating water is switched to a small flow spray pipe system and sprayed out from a small flow nozzle, thereby solving the problem of uneven sprinkling of circulating water under small flow, thereby improving the cooling effect.

[0007] Preferably, two air guide plates are arranged under each of the large-flow spray pipes, and the two air guide plates are arranged at an angle. The length direction of the air guide plates is consistent with the length direction of the large-flow spray pipe, and the two ends of the air guide plates in the width direction are respectively connected to the lower part of the large-flow spray pipe and the lower part of the small-flow spray pipe.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the small flow spray pipe is closely attached to the two sides of the large flow spray pipe, forming the so-called "mother-child pipe" with one large pipe and two small pipes. If the three pipes in the "mother-child pipe" are arranged independently, six flow boundary layers will be formed, generating six wind flow resistances. By adopting the above technical solution, the "mother-child pipe" is closely attached together, and the six flow boundary layers can be reduced to two flow boundary layers of the mother-child pipe, thereby reducing wind resistance. By adopting the above technical solution, the air guide plate eliminates the air flow dead zone formed in the angle area between the mother-child pipe and the child pipe, reducing the flow resistance of the upward wind.

[0009] Preferably, the switching component includes a pipeline pressure pump, a controller and a pressure relay, the pipeline pressure pump is arranged on the upper water branch, the pressure relay is located on the upper water main pipe upstream of the upper water branch, the pressure relay is used to detect the water pressure in the upper water main pipe and output a low-voltage signal when the water pressure is less than a set value, the pipeline pressure pump and the pressure relay are both connected to the controller, and the controller is used to receive the low-voltage signal and control the first valve to close, the second valve to open, and the pipeline pressure pump to open.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the controller automatically adjusts the status of the valve and the pipeline booster pump according to the low-voltage signal. When the water pressure is lower than the set value, the system will automatically close the first valve, open the second valve and start the pipeline booster pump. After the upper water branch is pressurized by the pipeline booster pump, it can flow to each nozzle of the small-flow sprinkler pipe, overcome the flow resistance and spray out, so as to achieve basically equal water output from each nozzle.

[0011] Preferably, the end of the large-flow spray pipe is connected to a first balancing pipe, the other end of the first balancing pipe is connected to the outer peripheral wall near the end of the middle part of the large-flow spray pipe, a first exhaust valve is arranged on the top of the first balancing pipe, the outer peripheral wall of the end of the small-flow spray pipe is connected to a second balancing pipe, a second exhaust valve is arranged on the top of the second balancing pipe, and the other end of the second balancing pipe is connected to the outer peripheral wall near the middle of the end of the small-flow spray pipe.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, regardless of the size of the spray pipe, under the condition that the flow resistance of the nozzle is appropriate and the water flow driving pressure of the spray pipe is high, the water flow can be distributed to each nozzle, and at the end of the spray pipe, since the flow velocity is reduced to zero, the original flow energy will be converted into stagnation pressure energy, and then superimposed with the flow static pressure energy, a high pressure of the fluid at the end of the pipe will be formed. This high pressure will increase the flow rate of the end nozzle, resulting in uneven spraying. The setting of a balance pipe can reduce the stagnation high pressure at the end of the spray pipe, so that the spray pressure of each nozzle is basically equal, and the water output of each nozzle is basically equal.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of the high-flow nozzles are arranged along the length direction of the large-flow spray pipe, and a plurality of the low-flow nozzles are arranged along the length direction of the small-flow nozzle. Both the high-flow nozzles and the low-flow nozzles include outer guide tubes, and the distance between the outer guide tubes of every two adjacent high-flow nozzles is greater than the distance between the outer guide tubes of every two adjacent low-flow nozzles.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the water volume of each small flow nozzle is small and the spraying area is small, so the small flow nozzles should be denser. Then, on each small flow sprinkler pipe, the nozzle pitch should be smaller and there should be more nozzles.

[0015] Preferably, the two small-flow spray pipes are closely attached to both sides of a large-flow spray pipe to form a so-called one large and two small mother-and-child pipes, the distance between the two small-flow spray pipes in the mother-and-child pipes is smaller than the distance between the large-flow spray pipes of two adjacent mother-and-child pipes, the large-flow nozzle is vertically arranged, and the center line of the small-flow nozzle on the small-flow spray pipe in the mother-and-child pipes gradually moves away from the center line of the large-flow nozzle from top to bottom.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, this arrangement can ensure that the entire packing area is fully covered by water, and the spraying direction of the small flow nozzle is slightly deflected to both sides, eliminating the influence of the long distance from the small flow spray pipe on the adjacent mother-child pipe, ensuring that the water sprinkled on the packing is uniform.

[0017] Preferably, an upright shaft sleeve is connected to the bottom of the outer flow guide tube, which is located directly below the bottom outlet of the outer flow guide tube. A water pre-swirler is installed outside the shaft sleeve. A shaft rod is connected to the bottom of the shaft sleeve. The shaft rod and the central axis of the outer flow guide tube are in the same straight line. A hub that can rotate around the axis is mounted on the shaft rod, and a sprinkler and a wind turbine are installed on the hub in sequence from top to bottom.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, circulating cooling water is sprayed out from the nozzle, and the water pre-swirler divides the downward flowing water column into multiple slightly rotating water flows along the truncated cone surface. The rotation direction is consistent with the rotation direction of the sprinkler, thereby reducing the kinetic energy loss of the downward water column colliding with the sprinkler, and converting this part of the energy that may have been lost into the rotational kinetic energy of the sprinkler.

[0019] Preferably, the water flow pre-swirler includes a truncated cone column and a plurality of stationary guide vanes, the truncated cone column is fixedly mounted on a shaft sleeve, the plurality of stationary guide vanes are arranged in a circle along an outer curved surface of the truncated cone column, and the stationary guide vanes gradually thicken from top to bottom.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the water flow pre-swirler divides the downward flowing water column into multiple slightly rotating water flows along the truncated cone surface, and the rotation direction is consistent with the rotation direction of the sprinkler, thereby reducing the kinetic energy loss of the downward flowing water column colliding with the sprinkler, and converting this part of energy that may have been lost into the rotational kinetic energy of the sprinkler. The lower part of the guide vane gradually thickens so that this part can withstand greater pressure when facing the reaction force from the water flow. The thicker part has higher strength and rigidity, and is not easily deformed or damaged by the impact of the water flow. The thinner guide vane at the top is less stressed, while the thicker guide vane at the bottom will withstand greater reaction force due to the pre-swirling of the lower water flow. Therefore, the stationary guide vane gradually thickens from top to bottom to enhance the ability to resist the reaction force of the pre-swirling water flow.

[0021] Preferably, the sprinkler includes a hub and a plurality of propeller blades, the plurality of propeller blades are connected to the outer wall of the hub, the plurality of propeller blades are evenly divided into two groups, the two groups of propeller blades are symmetrically distributed around the shaft, the stationary guide vanes are gradually twisted from top to bottom along the height direction of the truncated cone column, and the twisting direction is consistent with the rotation direction of the propeller blades, and the wind turbine includes four wind blades fixedly connected to the hub, and the twisting direction of the wind blades is opposite to the twisting direction of the propeller blades.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the water flow impacts the propeller blades when falling, realizing rotation, thereby improving the uniformity of water spraying on the filler and improving the cooling efficiency of the tower. The gradual twisted shape and thickness change of the stationary guide vane can effectively guide the water flow into the sprinkler, which can not only enhance the ability to resist the reaction force of the pre-rotating water flow, but also ensure the effective realization of the water flow pre-rotation; and the twisting direction of the wind blades is opposite to that of the propeller blades. The wind blades are driven by the upward wind, and the propeller blades are driven by the falling water, thereby increasing the rotation speed of the hub.

[0023] Preferably, the large-flow nozzle or the small-flow nozzle also includes a nozzle seat, which is used to be installed on a large-flow spray pipe or a small-flow spray pipe, and the outer guide tube is installed on the nozzle seat. The bottom of the nozzle seat is conically contracted, and its bottom outlet converges to form a gradually smaller channel, and the outlets of the multiple contraction cones at the bottom of the nozzle seat gradually increase from the water inlet end to the end of the large-flow spray pipe or the small-flow spray pipe.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the outlet at the bottom of the nozzle seat is significantly contracted, which can avoid the divergence of the flowing water column, maintain a large downward impulse energy of the water flow, and provide sufficient kinetic energy to the propeller blade sprinkler as much as possible. The downward water flow impacts the propeller blade, drives the propeller blade to rotate, and uses centrifugal force to spread the water to ensure that the filler is evenly sprinkled with water. The outlet at the bottom of the nozzle seat of the spray pipe gradually increases from the proximal end to the distal end to offset the effect of the gradual decrease in pressure of the spray pipe, so that the spray volume of each nozzle on the spray pipe is the same.

[0025] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. When the atmospheric temperature drops, the amount of circulating cooling water decreases, and the water pressure of the water supply pipe decreases. The first valve is closed and the second valve is opened by the switching element, so that the circulating water is switched to the small flow spray pipe system and sprayed from the small flow nozzle, thereby solving the problem of uneven water spraying of circulating water under small flow, thereby improving the cooling effect; 2. The small flow spray pipe is close to the two sides of the large flow spray pipe, forming a so-called "mother-child pipe" with one large and two small ones. If the three pipes in the "mother-child pipe" are arranged independently, six flow boundary layers will be formed, generating six wind flow resistances. By adopting the above technical solution, the "mother-child pipe" is close together, and the six flow boundary layers can be reduced to two flow boundary layers of the mother-child pipe, thereby reducing wind resistance. By adopting the above technical solution, the wind guide plate eliminates the air flow dead zone formed in the angle area between the mother-child pipe and the child pipe, reducing the flow resistance of the upward wind; 3. The controller automatically adjusts the status of the valve and the pipeline booster pump according to the low-voltage signal. When the water pressure is lower than the set value, the system will automatically close the first valve, open the second valve and start the pipeline booster pump. After the upper water branch is pressurized by the pipeline booster pump, it can flow to each nozzle of the small-flow sprinkler pipe, overcome the flow resistance and spray out, so that each nozzle can basically output the same amount of water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a novel variable flow countercurrent cooling tower according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a novel variable flow countercurrent cooling tower according to an embodiment of the present application, mainly showing a "mother-child pipe" composed of a small flow spray pipe and a large flow spray pipe; Figure 3It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a novel variable flow countercurrent cooling tower according to an embodiment of the present application, mainly showing the air guide plates of the mother-child pipe; Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a novel variable flow countercurrent cooling tower according to an embodiment of the present application, mainly showing the distribution of multiple mother-and-child pipes and the distribution of spray water in the mother-and-child pipes; Figure 5 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a novel variable flow countercurrent cooling tower according to an embodiment of the present application, mainly showing the nozzle seat; Figure 6 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a novel variable flow countercurrent cooling tower according to an embodiment of the present application, mainly showing the water supply main and the first valve, the water supply branch and the second valve, and the pipeline booster pump on the water supply branch; Figure 7 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a novel variable flow countercurrent cooling tower according to an embodiment of the present application, mainly showing a first balancing pipe and a second balancing pipe; Figure 8 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a novel variable flow counterflow cooling tower according to an embodiment of the present application, mainly showing the combination relationship of an outer guide tube, a sprinkler and a wind turbine; Fig. 9 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a novel variable flow counterflow cooling tower according to an embodiment of the present application, mainly showing a sprinkler; Fig.10 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a new variable flow countercurrent cooling tower according to an embodiment of the present application, mainly showing a wind turbine.

[0027] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. tower body; 11. air inlet; 12. air outlet; 13. packing; 14. fan; 21. outer guide tube; 22. nozzle seat; 3. large flow spray pipe; 31. water supply main pipe; 32. first valve; 33. large flow nozzle; 34. air guide plate; 35. first balance pipe; 36. first exhaust valve; 4. small flow spray pipe; 41. water supply branch pipe; 42. second valve; 43. pipeline pressure pump; 44. second balance pipe; 45. small flow nozzle; 46. second exhaust valve; 5. water pre-swirler; 51. truncated cone column; 52. stationary guide vane; 6. sprinkler; 61. bushing; 62. hub; 63. shaft; 64. upper blade; 65. middle blade; 66. lower blade; 7. wind turbine; 71. wind blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with all the accompanying drawings.

[0029] The present application discloses a novel variable flow countercurrent cooling tower. Figure 1 , Figure 2The new variable flow countercurrent cooling tower has air inlets 11 on both sides of the bottom of the tower body 1, an air outlet 12 on the middle top of the tower body 1, and a fan 14 is arranged in the wind tube where the air outlet 12 is located. A pipe system consisting of multiple large flow spray pipes 3 and a pipe system consisting of multiple small flow spray pipes 4 are arranged below the top of the tower body 1. Each large flow spray pipe 3 and two small flow spray pipes 4 form a "mother-child pipe", wherein each large flow spray pipe 3 is closely attached to one of the small flow spray pipes 4 on both sides in the horizontal direction, and the small flow spray pipe 4 is parallel to the large flow spray pipe 3. The child pipe is spot-welded and fixed to the mother pipe to reduce wind resistance. A filler 13 is arranged below the multiple mother-child pipes, and a water basin is arranged below the filler 13, and the water basin is connected to a drainage pipe.

[0030] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 There are multiple large flow nozzles 33 on the large flow spray pipe 3, and multiple small flow nozzles on the small flow spray pipe 4. The multiple large flow nozzles 33 are arranged along the length direction of the large flow spray pipe 3, and the multiple small flow nozzles are arranged along the length direction of the small flow nozzle. The small flow spray pipe 4 is connected with an upper water branch 41. The large flow spray pipe 3 is connected with an upper water main 31. The upper water branch 41 of the small flow spray pipe 4 is connected with the upper water main 31 of the large flow spray pipe 3 that is closely attached to it. The upper water main 31 and the upper water branch 41 are respectively provided with a first valve 32 and a second valve 42. The first valve 32 and the second valve 42 can be electric valves or pneumatic valves. The first valve 32 and the second valve 42 are commonly connected with a switching member. There are multiple small flow nozzles 45 on the small flow spray pipe 4. The rated circulating water volume is 135m 3 / h, the inner diameter of the water supply main pipe 31 is 180mm, there are sixteen large flow spray pipes 3, with an inner diameter of 65mm, fifty-six large flow nozzles 33, the inner diameter of the water supply branch 41 is 125mm, there are thirty-two small flow spray pipes 4, with an inner diameter of 32mm, and two hundred and twenty small flow nozzles 45. The inner diameter of the balance pipe at the end of the small flow spray pipe 4 is 20mm, and the straight pipe length is 800mm.

[0031] Reference Figure 3 Two air guide plates 34 are arranged under the large flow spray pipe 3 of each mother-and-child pipe. The two air guide plates 34 are arranged obliquely and gradually approach the bottom of the large flow spray pipe 3 from top to bottom. The air guide plates 34 are arranged along the length direction of the large flow spray pipe 3. The two ends of the air guide plates 34 in the width direction are respectively connected to the lower part of the large flow spray pipe 3 and the lower part of the small flow spray pipe 4, and are roughly tangent to the large flow spray pipe 3 and the small flow spray pipe 4.

[0032] Reference Figure 6The end of each large-flow spray pipe 3 is connected to a first balancing pipe 35, and the other end of the first balancing pipe 35 is communicated with a cylindrical surface in the middle of the large-flow spray pipe 3 near the end. The outer peripheral wall of the end of the small-flow spray pipe 4 is connected to a second balancing pipe 44, and the other end of the second balancing pipe 44 is communicated with a cylindrical surface in the middle of the end of the small-flow spray pipe 4. A first exhaust valve and a second exhaust valve are respectively installed on the two types of balancing pipes. Both the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve are ball valves, which are used to exhaust air during water inlet debugging of the spray pipe.

[0033] Reference Figure 7 , the circulating water volume in the water supply main pipe 31 is positively correlated with the main pipe pressure. When the incoming circulating water volume decreases, the incoming pressure will also decrease. For example, if the switching flow value of the two main pipes is specified to be 45% of the rated flow, then the water supply main pipe and the water supply main pipe 31 before the water supply branch branch have a pressure corresponding to 45% flow, which can be recorded as p 45 , p 45 The switch includes a pipeline booster pump 43, a controller and a pressure relay. The pressure relay is installed upstream of the upper water branch 41 where the upper water main 31 is separated. The pipeline booster pump 43 is installed on the upper water branch 41. When the amount of water from outside the tower is greater than or equal to 45% of the rated flow rate, the water pressure in the upper water main 31 is greater than or equal to p 45 When the amount of water from outside the tower is less than 45% of the rated flow rate, the water pressure in the main pipe is less than p 45 The pressure relay outputs a low-voltage signal to the controller, and the controller opens the second valve 42, closes the first valve 32, and starts the pipeline booster pump 43 of the upper water branch 41. The water outside the tower enters the small-flow spray pipe 4 system in the tower through the upper water branch 41, and is sprayed from the small-flow nozzle 45 onto the packing 13.

[0034] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 8 Both the large-flow spray pipe 3 and the small-flow spray pipe 4 have water outlet circular holes at the bottom. Both the large-flow nozzle 33 and the small-flow nozzle 45 include an outer guide tube 21 and a nozzle seat 22. The top of the nozzle seat 22 is installed in the water outlet circular hole. The bottom of the nozzle seat 22 is conically contracted, and its bottom outlet converges to form a gradually smaller channel. From the water inlet end of the large-flow spray pipe 3 or the small-flow spray pipe 4 to the end, the outlets of the contraction cones at the bottom of the multiple nozzle seats 22 are gradually enlarged. The nozzle seat 22 has an external thread, and the nozzle seat 22 is coaxial with the water outlet circular hole. An internal thread is arranged in the outer guide tube 21, and the outer guide tube 21 is threadedly connected to the nozzle seat 22.

[0035] The distance between the outer guide tubes 21 of every two adjacent large-flow nozzles 33 is greater than the distance between the outer guide tubes 21 of every two adjacent small-flow nozzles 45. The distance between the two small-flow spray pipes 4 in the mother-and-child pipe is less than the distance between the large-flow spray pipes 3 of two adjacent mother-and-child pipes. The large-flow nozzles 33 are vertically arranged, and the center lines of the small-flow nozzles 45 on the small-flow spray pipes 4 in the mother-and-child pipes gradually move away from the vertical center line of the large-flow nozzles 33 from top to bottom. The small-flow nozzles 45 are deflected 10° on one side with the vertical direction as the reference.

[0036] Reference Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 The bottom of the outer guide tube 21 is fixedly connected with an upright shaft sleeve 61 through an inclined shaft frame. The shaft sleeve 61 is located just below the bottom outlet of the outer guide tube 21. The outer wall of the shaft sleeve 61 is equipped with a water flow pre-rotator 5 to force the water flow to rotate to a certain extent. The bottom of the shaft sleeve 61 is provided with a screw hole, and a shaft rod 63 with an external thread is screwed into the screw hole of the shaft sleeve 61 for fixing. A rotatable hub 62 is sleeved on the shaft rod 63. The upper part of the hub 62 is fixedly connected to the sprinkler 6, and the lower part of the hub 62 is fixedly connected to the wind turbine 7. The upward air drives the wind turbine 7 to rotate, which also assists in driving the sprinkler 6 that is fixedly connected to the rotation.

[0037] The water flow pre-swirler 5 includes a truncated cone column 51 and four stationary guide vanes 52. The shaft sleeve 61 and the truncated cone column 51 are integrally formed from top to bottom, and the combined height of the two is 16 mm. The four stationary guide vanes 52 are evenly arranged in a circular array on the shaft sleeve 61 and the outer wall of the truncated cone column 51, dividing the water along the truncated cone surface into four slightly rotating water flows, and the rotation direction thereof is consistent with the rotation direction of the sprinkler 6, thereby reducing the kinetic energy loss of the downward water column colliding with the sprinkler 6, and converting the energy that may be lost originally into the rotational kinetic energy of the sprinkler 6. The diameter of the upper bottom surface of the truncated cone column 51 of this embodiment is 9.4 mm, and the diameter of the lower bottom surface is 11.12 mm. The thickness of the stationary guide vane 52 gradually increases from 0.5 mm to 1.6 mm along the upper bottom surface to the lower bottom surface of the truncated cone column 51, so that the stationary guide vane 52 gradually increases in thickness from top to bottom, which can not only enhance the ability to resist the reaction force of the pre-swirling water flow, but also ensure the effective realization of the water flow pre-swirling. In addition, the stationary guide vane 52 is gradually twisted from top to bottom along the height direction of the truncated cone column 51, and its twisting direction is consistent with the rotation direction of the sprinkler 6. The twisting angle value and thickness of the stationary guide vane 52 can be determined according to the amount of water to be treated. The gradually twisted shape and increasing thickness of the stationary guide vane 52 can effectively guide the water flow into the sprinkler 6.

[0038] The sprinkler 6 includes six propeller blades arranged on the hub 62. The six propeller blades are integrally formed with the hub 62. The propeller blades are evenly divided into two groups. The two groups of propeller blades are symmetrically distributed with the axis of the shaft 63 as the center. Each group of propeller blades is divided into an upper blade 64, a middle blade 65 and a lower blade 66. The upper, middle and lower layers each have two blades. The upper, middle and lower propeller blades of each group rise in a spiral along the circumference of the hub 62. The upper blade 64 has a larger water spraying radius and a falling water ring area, so more water spraying is required. To meet this demand, the upper blade 64 is relatively flat, with a smaller depression angle and a larger water receiving area, so that more water is sprayed and it is sprayed far. In this embodiment, the depression angle of the upper blade 64 is 15°, and the blade area is 285.25 square millimeters. The lower blade 66 is used for a smaller watering radius and a falling water ring area, and requires less watering, so its depression angle is larger and the water receiving area is smaller, so that less water is sprinkled and sprinkled closer. In this embodiment, the depression angle of the lower blade 66 is 45°, and the blade area is 142.41 square millimeters. The depression angle and area of ​​the middle blade 65 are both between the upper and lower layers. In this embodiment, the depression angle of the middle blade 65 is 30°, and the blade area is 184.42 square millimeters. Therefore, the watering radius and watering amount are between the upper and lower blades. Overall, when viewed from above, looking outward from the center of the sprinkler 6, the watering radius gradually increases, and the watering distribution is relatively uniform.

[0039] The wind turbine 7 includes four wind blades 71 fixedly connected to the hub 62. The four wind blades 71 are arranged in a circle along the rotation direction of the hub 62. The four wind blades 71 are highly uniformly distributed, and the area is 254.43 square millimeters. The twisting direction of the wind blades 71 is opposite to the twisting direction of the propeller blades of the sprinkler 6. While the falling water flow drives the sprinkler 6 to rotate, the upward wind force also drives the wind turbine 7 to rotate, and the direction of the wind turbine 7 is consistent with the direction of the sprinkler 6, that is, the wind turbine 7 assists the sprinkler 6 in rotation, which is more conducive to overcoming the difficulty of insufficient rotation power of the sprinkler 6 at a small flow rate, so as to speed up the rotation of the sprinkler 6, make the sprinkler range larger, and sprinkle more evenly.

[0040] The implementation principle of the novel variable flow countercurrent cooling tower in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: after the atmospheric temperature drops, the amount of circulating cooling water decreases, and the water pressure of the water supply main 31 decreases. The controller automatically adjusts the status of the valve and the pipeline booster pump 43 according to the low-voltage signal. When the water pressure is lower than the set value, the system will automatically close the first valve 32, open the second valve 42, and start the pipeline booster pump 43. After the water supply branch 41 is pressurized by the pipeline booster pump 43, it can flow to each nozzle of the small flow spray pipe 4, overcome the flow resistance and spray out, so as to achieve uniform water discharge from each nozzle, thereby solving the problem of uneven sprinkling of circulating water under small flow, and thus improving the cooling effect.

[0041] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. New variable flow countercurrent cooling tower, Features: The tower body (1) comprises a tower body (1), wherein a plurality of large flow spray pipes (3) and a plurality of small flow spray pipes (4) are arranged above a filler (13) in the tower body (1), each large flow spray pipe (3) is closely attached to one of the small flow spray pipes (4) on both sides in the horizontal direction, and the small flow spray pipes (4) and the large flow spray pipes (3) are parallel to each other, the small flow spray pipes (4) are connected to a water supply branch (41), the large flow spray pipes (3) are connected to a water supply main pipe (31), and the water supply branch (41) of the small flow spray pipe (4) is closely attached to the water supply main pipe (31). The high-flow spray pipe (3) is connected to the water supply main pipe (31), the water supply main pipe (31) is provided with a first valve (32), the water supply branch pipe (41) is provided with a second valve (42), the first valve (32) and the second valve (42) are connected to a switching element, the switching element is used to close the first valve (32) and open the second valve (42) under low-flow conditions, the high-flow spray pipe (3) is provided with a plurality of high-flow nozzles (33), and the low-flow spray pipe (4) is provided with a plurality of low-flow nozzles (45).

2. The novel variable flow countercurrent cooling tower according to claim 1, Features: Two air guide plates (34) are arranged below each of the large-flow spray pipes (3); the two air guide plates (34) are arranged at an angle; the length direction of the air guide plates (34) is consistent with the length direction of the large-flow spray pipe (3); and the two ends of the air guide plates (34) in the width direction are respectively connected to the lower part of the large-flow spray pipe (3) and the lower part of the small-flow spray pipe (4).

3. The novel variable flow countercurrent cooling tower according to claim 1, Features: The switching element comprises a pipeline booster pump (43), a controller and a pressure relay. The pipeline booster pump (43) is arranged on the upper water branch (41). The pressure relay is located on the upper water main pipe (31) and upstream of the upper water branch (41). The pressure relay is used to detect the water pressure in the upper water main pipe (31) and output a low-potential signal when the water pressure is less than a set value. The pipeline booster pump (43) and the pressure relay are both connected to the controller. The controller is used to receive the low-potential signal and control the first valve (32) to close, the second valve (42) to open, and the pipeline booster pump (43) to open.

4. The novel variable flow countercurrent cooling tower according to claim 1, Features: The end of the large flow spray pipe (3) is connected to a first balancing pipe (35), the other end of the first balancing pipe (35) is connected to an outer peripheral wall in the middle of the large flow spray pipe (3) close to the end, a first exhaust valve (36) is arranged on the top of the first balancing pipe (35), the outer peripheral wall of the end of the small flow spray pipe (4) is connected to a second balancing pipe (44), a second exhaust valve (46) is arranged on the top of the second balancing pipe (44), and the other end of the second balancing pipe (44) is connected to an outer peripheral wall in the middle of the end of the small flow spray pipe (4).

5. The novel variable flow counter-flow cooling tower according to claim 1, Features: A plurality of the large flow nozzles (33) are arranged along the length direction of the large flow spray pipe (3), and a plurality of the small flow nozzles (45) are arranged along the length direction of the small flow nozzle pipe. Both the large flow nozzles (33) and the small flow nozzles (45) include an outer guide tube (21), and the distance between the outer guide tubes (21) of every two adjacent large flow nozzles (33) is greater than the distance between the outer guide tubes (21) of every two adjacent small flow nozzles (45).

6. The novel variable flow counter-flow cooling tower according to claim 1, Features: The two small flow spray pipes (4) are closely attached to the two sides of a large flow spray pipe (3) to form a so-called large and two small mother-and-child pipes, the distance between the two small flow spray pipes (4) in the mother-and-child pipe is smaller than the distance between the large flow spray pipes (3) of two adjacent mother-and-child pipes, the large flow spray head (33) is vertically arranged, and the center line of the small flow spray head (45) on the small flow spray pipe (4) in the mother-and-child pipe gradually moves away from the center line of the large flow spray head (33) from top to bottom.

7. The novel variable flow counter-flow cooling tower according to claim 5, Features: The bottom of the outer flow guide tube (21) is connected to an upright shaft sleeve (61) which is located directly below the bottom outlet of the outer flow guide tube (21). A water flow pre-swirler (5) is installed outside the shaft sleeve (61). The bottom of the shaft sleeve (61) is connected to a shaft rod (63). The shaft rod (63) and the central axis of the outer flow guide tube (21) are on the same straight line. A wheel hub (62) rotatable about the axis is sleeved on the shaft rod (63). A sprinkler (6) and a wind turbine (7) are installed on the wheel hub (62) in order from top to bottom.

8. The novel variable flow counter-flow cooling tower according to claim 7, Features: The water flow pre-swirler (5) comprises a truncated cone column (51) and a plurality of stationary guide vanes (52); the truncated cone column (51) is fixedly sleeved on a shaft sleeve (61); the plurality of stationary guide vanes (52) are arranged in a circle along an outer curved surface of the truncated cone column (51); and the stationary guide vanes (52) gradually increase in thickness from top to bottom.

9. The novel variable flow counter-flow cooling tower according to claim 8, Features: The sprinkler (6) comprises a wheel hub (62) and a plurality of propeller blades, the plurality of propeller blades are connected to the outer wall of the wheel hub (62), the plurality of propeller blades are evenly divided into two groups, the two groups of propeller blades are symmetrically distributed around the shaft (63), the stationary guide vanes (52) are gradually twisted from top to bottom along the height direction of the truncated cone column (51), and the twisting direction is consistent with the rotation direction of the propeller blades, and the wind turbine (7) comprises four wind blades (71) fixedly connected to the wheel hub (62), and the twisting direction of the wind blades (71) is opposite to the twisting direction of the propeller blades.

10. The novel variable flow counter-flow cooling tower according to claim 5, Features: The large flow nozzle (33) or the small flow nozzle (45) further comprises a nozzle seat (22), the nozzle seat (22) being used for being mounted on the large flow spray pipe (3) or the small flow spray pipe (4), the outer guide tube (21) being mounted on the nozzle seat (22), the bottom of the nozzle seat (22) being conically contracted, and the bottom outlet thereof converging to form a gradually decreasing channel, and the outlets of the multiple contraction cones at the bottom of the nozzle seat (22) gradually increasing from the water inlet end to the end of the large flow spray pipe (3) or the small flow spray pipe (4).

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