Air component analysis system and analysis method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an air component analysis system and an analysis method thereof, and relates to the field of gas component detection, a first sample inlet, a first sampling device, a first sample outlet, a second sample inlet, a second sampling device and a second sample outlet are sequentially communicated to form a sample inlet gas path; the first carrier gas inlet, the first sampling device, the first switching valve, a first port of the first separation part, a second port of the first separation part and the first switching valve are sequentially communicated to form a first detection gas path; the second carrier gas inlet, a second port of the first separation part, a first port of the first separation part, the first switching valve, the second separation part and the first detection device are sequentially communicated to form a second detection gas path; and the third carrier gas inlet, the second sampling device, the second switching valve, the first port of the third separation part, the second port of the third separation part, the second switching valve, the fourth separation part and the second detection device are sequentially communicated to form a third detection gas path. The device can detect a plurality of components and is high in measurement precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas component detection, and in particular to an air component analysis system and an analysis method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Mine air contains toxic gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and harmful gases such as hydrogen (H2), nitrogen (N2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane. At present, the detection of component content in mine air is mostly carried out using gas sensors. For example, the use of carbon monoxide gas sensors to detect the content of carbon monoxide components in mine air has problems such as low accuracy, single detection component, and mutual interference between components. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an air component analysis system and an analysis method thereof to solve the problems existing in the prior art, to be able to detect multiple components, to reduce or avoid mutual interference between components, and to have high measurement accuracy.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides an air component analysis system, comprising: a first sampling device, a second sampling device, a first separation component, a second separation component, a third separation component, a fourth separation component, a first switching valve, a second switching valve, a first detection device and a second detection device, wherein:

[0006] The first switching valve has a first sample inlet, a first sample outlet, a first carrier gas inlet, a second carrier gas inlet and a plurality of first working ports, the first sample inlet is used to be connected to a sample storage device, the first carrier gas inlet and the second carrier gas inlet are both connected to the carrier gas storage device, the two ports of the first sampling device, the two ports of the first separation component and one port of the second separation component are all connected to one of the first working ports of the first switching valve, and the other port of the second separation component is connected to the first detection device; the first separation component and the second separation component are both capable of separating hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide in the sample;

[0007] The second switching valve has a second sample inlet, a second sample outlet, a third carrier gas inlet and a plurality of second working ports, the second sample inlet can be connected to the first sample outlet, the third carrier gas inlet is connected to the carrier gas storage device, two ports of the second sampling device, two ports of the third separation component and one port of the fourth separation component are all connected to one of the second working ports of the second switching valve, and another port of the fourth separation component is connected to a second detection device; the third separation component can separate methane, acetylene, ethylene, ethane, propylene and propane in the sample; the fourth separation component can separate the methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane in the sample;

[0008] The first sampling port, the first sampling device, the first sampling outlet, the second sampling port, the second sampling device and the second sampling outlet can be connected in sequence to form a sampling gas path; the first carrier gas inlet, the first sampling device, the first switching valve, the first port of the first separation component, the second port of the first separation component and the first switching valve can be connected in sequence to form a first detection gas path; the second carrier gas inlet, the second port of the first separation component, the first port of the first separation component, the first switching valve, the second separation component and the first detection device can be connected in sequence to form a second detection gas path; the third carrier gas inlet, the second sampling device, the second switching valve, the first port of the third separation component, the second port of the third separation component, the second switching valve, the fourth separation component and the second detection device can be connected in sequence to form a third detection gas path.

[0009] Preferably, the second switching valve has a fourth carrier gas inlet, which is used to be connected to a carrier gas storage device; the fourth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the third separation component, the first port of the third separation component, the second switching valve and the second detection device can be connected in sequence to form a fourth detection gas path.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a third sampling device, a third switching valve, a fifth separation component, a sixth separation component and a third detection device, the third switching valve has a third injection port, a third sample outlet, a fifth carrier gas inlet and a plurality of third working ports, the third injection port is used to connect with the sample storage device, the third sample outlet can be connected with the first injection port, the fifth carrier gas inlet can be connected with the carrier gas storage device, the two ports of the third sampling device, the two ports of the fifth separation component and one port of the sixth separation component are all connected with one of the third working ports of the third switching valve, and the other port of the sixth separation component is connected with the third detection device; the fifth separation component can separate the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen peak components in the sample, and the sixth separation component can separate the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen peak components into hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen;

[0011] The third sampling port, the third sampling device, the third sampling outlet, the first sampling port, the first sampling device, the first sampling outlet, the second sampling port, the second sampling device and the second sampling outlet can be connected in sequence to form the sampling gas path; the fifth carrier gas inlet, the third sampling device, the third switching valve, the fifth separation component, the third switching valve, the sixth separation component and the third detection device can be connected in sequence to form the fifth detection gas path; the fifth carrier gas inlet, the sixth separation component and the third detection device can be connected in sequence to form the sixth detection gas path.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a fourth switching valve, a fourth sampling device, a seventh separation component, an eighth separation component and a fourth detection device, the fourth switching valve has a fourth sample inlet, a fourth sample outlet, a sixth carrier gas inlet and a plurality of fourth working ports, the fourth sample inlet is connected to the second sample outlet, the fourth sample outlet can be communicated with the external atmosphere, the sixth carrier gas inlet can be connected to the carrier gas storage device, the two ports of the fourth sampling device, the two ports of the seventh separation component, and one port of the eighth separation component are all connected to one of the fourth working ports of the fourth switching valve, and the other port of the eighth separation component is connected to the fourth detection device; the seventh separation component and the eighth separation component can both separate carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in the sample;

[0013] The first inlet, the first sampling device, the first outlet, the second inlet, the second sampling device, the second outlet, the fourth inlet, the fourth sampling device and the fourth outlet can be connected in sequence to form the inlet gas path; the sixth carrier gas inlet, the fourth sampling device, the fourth switching valve, the first port of the seventh separation component, the second port of the seventh separation component, the fourth switching valve, the eighth separation component and the fourth detection device can be connected in sequence to form the seventh detection gas path; the sixth carrier gas inlet, the eighth separation component and the fourth detection device can be connected in sequence to form the eighth detection gas path.

[0014] Preferably, the first switching valve has a first gas outlet; the third switching valve has a seventh carrier gas inlet and a second gas outlet, and the seventh carrier gas inlet is used to connect to the carrier gas storage device; the fourth switching valve has an eighth carrier gas inlet and a third gas outlet, and the eighth carrier gas inlet is used to connect to the carrier gas storage device;

[0015] The first carrier gas inlet and the first gas outlet of the first switching valve can be connected to form a first carrier gas loading gas path; the second carrier gas inlet, the first separation component, the first switching valve, the second separation component and the first detection device can be connected to form a second carrier gas loading gas path; the third carrier gas inlet, the fourth separation component and the second detection device can be connected to form a third carrier gas loading gas path; the fourth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the third separation component, the first port of the third separation component and the second detection device can be connected to form a fourth carrier gas loading gas path; the fifth carrier gas inlet, the sixth separation component and the third detection device can be connected to form a fifth carrier gas loading gas path; the sixth carrier gas inlet, the eighth separation component and the fourth detection device can be connected to form a sixth carrier gas loading gas path; the seventh carrier gas inlet, the fifth separation component and the second gas outlet of the third switching valve can be connected to form a seventh carrier gas loading gas path; the eighth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the seventh separation component, the first port of the seventh separation component and the third gas outlet of the fourth switching valve can be connected to form an eighth carrier gas loading gas path.

[0016] The present invention also provides an air component analysis method based on the air component analysis system, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1. Sampling the sample, wherein the sampling method comprises: allowing the sample to pass through the first sampling port, the first sampling device, the first sampling port, the second sampling port, the second sampling device and the second sampling port in sequence, and quantitatively storing the sample through the first sampling device and the second sampling device respectively;

[0018] S2. Perform gas component detection, the detection method includes:

[0019] Conducting the detection of the hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide components: allowing the carrier gas to enter the first sampling device through the first carrier gas inlet, and the carrier gas carrying the sample of the first sampling device flows through the first switching valve, the first port of the first separation component, the second port of the first separation component, and the first switching valve in sequence, and is discharged from the first switching valve, and the hydrogen sulfide and the sulfur dioxide in the sample are separated by the first separation component; when the hydrogen sulfide is separated from the first separation component, the carrier gas stops entering the first detection gas path, and the carrier gas passes through the second carrier gas inlet, the second port of the first separation component, and the first port of the first separation component in sequence to backflush the first separation component, and the carrier gas carries the hydrogen sulfide and the sulfur dioxide in the first separation component to flow through the first switching valve, the second separation component, and the first detection device in sequence, and the hydrogen sulfide and the sulfur dioxide are separated again by the second separation component, and the hydrogen sulfide and the sulfur dioxide in the sample are detected by the first detection device;

[0020] Conduct component detection of methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane: allow the carrier gas to enter the second sampling device through the third carrier gas inlet, carry the sample of the second sampling device through the carrier gas in sequence through the second switching valve, the first port of the third separation component, the second port of the third separation component, the second sampling device, the fourth separation component and the second detection device, separate the methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane through the third separation component, separate the methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane again through the fourth separation component, and detect the methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane in the sample through the second detection device.

[0021] Preferably, the second switching valve has a fourth carrier gas inlet, and the fourth carrier gas inlet is used to connect to the carrier gas storage device;

[0022] S2 also includes: performing detection of the propylene and propane components: when the ethane in the third separation component is completely carried by the carrier gas into the fourth separation component, the carrier gas is made to flow through the fourth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the third separation component and the first port of the third separation component in sequence to backflush the third separation component, and the propylene and propane in the third separation component are carried by the carrier gas into the second detection device through the second switching valve, and the propylene and propane in the sample are detected by the second detection device.

[0023] Preferably, it further comprises a third sampling device, a third switching valve, a fifth separation component, a sixth separation component and a third detection device, wherein the third switching valve has a third sample inlet, a third sample outlet, a fifth carrier gas inlet and a plurality of third working ports, the third sample inlet is used to be connected to the sample storage device, the third sample outlet can be connected to the first sample inlet, the fifth carrier gas inlet can be connected to the carrier gas storage device, two ports of the third sampling device, two ports of the fifth separation component and one port of the sixth separation component are all connected to one of the third working ports of the third switching valve, and another port of the sixth separation component is connected to the third detection device;

[0024] S1 includes: the sampling method includes: allowing the sample to flow through the third sampling port, the third sampling device, the third sampling port, the first sampling port, the first sampling device, the first sampling port, the second sampling port, the second sampling device and the second sampling port in sequence, and quantitatively storing the sample through the third sampling device;

[0025] S2 also includes: performing component detection of the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen: allowing the carrier gas to enter the third sampling device through the fifth carrier gas inlet, and the carrier gas carrying the sample in the third sampling device flows through the third switching valve, the fifth separation component, the third switching valve, the sixth separation component and the third detection device in sequence, and the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen combined peak components in the sample are separated by the fifth separation component; when the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen combined peak components completely enter the sixth separation component, allowing the carrier gas to flow through the fifth carrier gas inlet, the sixth separation component and the third detection device in sequence, and the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen combined peak components are separated into the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen by the sixth separation component, and the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen in the sample are detected by the third detection device.

[0026] Preferably, it also includes a fourth switching valve, a fourth sampling device, a seventh separation component, an eighth separation component and a fourth detection device, the fourth switching valve has a fourth sample inlet, a fourth sample outlet, a sixth carrier gas inlet and a plurality of fourth working ports, the fourth sample inlet is connected to the second sample outlet, the fourth sample outlet can be communicated with the external atmosphere, the sixth carrier gas inlet can be connected to the carrier gas storage device, two ports of the fourth sampling device, two ports of the seventh separation component, and one port of the eighth separation component are all connected to one of the fourth working ports of the fourth switching valve, and another port of the eighth separation component is connected to the fourth detection device;

[0027] S1 includes: the sampling method includes: the first sampling port, the first sampling device, the first sampling port, the second sampling port, the second sampling device, the second sampling port, the fourth sampling port, the fourth sampling device and the fourth sampling port, and the sample is quantitatively stored by the fourth sampling device;

[0028] S2 also includes: performing detection of the carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide components: allowing the carrier gas to enter the fourth sampling device through the sixth carrier gas inlet, and the carrier gas carrying the sample in the fourth sampling device flows through the fourth switching valve, the first port of the seventh separation component, the second port of the seventh separation component, the fourth switching valve, the eighth separation component and the fourth detection device in sequence, and the carbon monoxide and the carbon dioxide in the sample are separated by the seventh separation component; when the carbon dioxide completely flows from the seventh separation component to the eighth separation component, allowing the carrier gas to flow through the sixth carrier gas inlet, the eighth separation component and the fourth detection device in sequence, and the carbon monoxide and the carbon dioxide in the sample are separated again by the eighth separation component, and the carbon monoxide and the carbon dioxide in the sample are detected by the fourth detection device.

[0029] Preferably, the first switching valve has a first gas outlet; the third switching valve has a seventh carrier gas inlet and a second gas outlet, and the seventh carrier gas inlet is used to connect to the carrier gas storage device; the fourth switching valve has an eighth carrier gas inlet and a third gas outlet, and the eighth carrier gas inlet is used to connect to the carrier gas storage device;

[0030] Before performing gas component detection, carrier gas loading is performed, and the carrier gas loading method includes: allowing the carrier gas to flow through the first carrier gas inlet and the first gas outlet of the first switching valve in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the second carrier gas inlet, the first separation component, the first switching valve, the second separation component and the first detection device in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the third carrier gas inlet, the fourth separation component and the second detection device in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the fourth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the third separation component, the first port of the third separation component and the second detection device in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the fifth carrier gas inlet, the sixth separation component and the third detection device in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the sixth carrier gas inlet, the eighth separation component and the fourth detection device in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the seventh carrier gas inlet, the fifth separation component, and the second gas outlet of the third switching valve in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the eighth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the seventh separation component, the first port of the seventh separation component and the third gas outlet of the fourth switching valve in sequence.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0032] The present invention provides an air component analysis system and an analysis method thereof, comprising a first sampling device, a second sampling device, a first separation component, a second separation component, a third separation component, a fourth separation component, a first switching valve, a second switching valve, a first detection device and a second detection device, wherein the first separation component and the second separation component can both separate hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide in a sample; the third separation component can separate methane, acetylene, ethylene, ethane, propylene and propane in a sample; the fourth separation component can separate methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane in a sample; the first inlet, the first sampling device, the first outlet, the second inlet, the second sampling device and the second outlet can separate methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane in a sample according to the present invention; The first carrier gas inlet, the first sampling device, the first switching valve, the first port of the first separation component, the second port of the first separation component and the first switching valve can be connected in sequence to form a first detection gas path; the second carrier gas inlet, the second port of the first separation component, the first port of the first separation component, the first switching valve, the second separation component and the first detection device can be connected in sequence to form a second detection gas path; the third carrier gas inlet, the second sampling device, the second switching valve, the first port of the third separation component, the second port of the third separation component, the second sampling device, the fourth separation component and the second detection device can be connected in sequence to form a third detection gas path.

[0033] The above-mentioned air component analysis system separates hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide in the sample through the first separation component and the second separation component; can separate methane, acetylene, ethylene, ethane, propylene and propane in the sample through the third separation component; can separate the methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane in the sample through the fourth separation component; and can realize the detection of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide as well as methane, acetylene, ethylene, ethane, propylene and propane by switching the gas path through the first switching valve and the second switching valve; and because each component has undergone the separation effect of the corresponding chromatographic column before detection, it can reduce or avoid mutual interference between components, and the measurement accuracy is relatively high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the state of sampling and carrier gas loading of the air component analysis system provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the state of the air component analysis system provided by the present invention performing component detection;

[0037] In the figure: 100, air component analysis system; 1, sample pressure reducing valve; 2, sample storage device; 3, third sampling device; 4, third switching valve; 5, fifth separation component; 6, fifth carrier gas; 7, sixth separation component; 8, third detection device; 9, first flow control device; 10, seventh carrier gas; 11, first plane tee; 12, second plane tee; 13, first sampling device; 14, first switching valve; 15, first separation component; 16, first carrier gas; 17, second flow control device; 18, second carrier gas; 19, second separation component; 20, first detection device; 21, third plane tee; 22, second switching valve ; 23. Second sampling device; 24. Carrier gas pressure reducing valve; 25. Fourth plane tee; 26. Carrier gas storage device; 27. Third separation component; 28. Third carrier gas; 29. ​​Fourth carrier gas; 30. Fifth plane tee; 31. Sixth plane tee; 32. Fourth separation component; 33. Seventh plane tee; 34. Second detection device; 35. Seventh separation component; 36. Third flow control device; 37. Fourth switching valve; 38. Fourth sampling device; 39. Sample outlet; 40. Sixth carrier gas; 41. Eighth carrier gas; 42. Methane conversion device; 43. Eighth separation component; 44. Detection body; 45. Eighth plane tee. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an air component analysis system and an analysis method thereof to solve the problems existing in the prior art, to be able to detect multiple components, to reduce or avoid mutual interference between components, and to have high measurement accuracy.

[0040] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] Explanation of professional terms:

[0042] The flat tee has three interfaces. If the gas source enters from the first interface, the remaining two interfaces will have gas source flowing out in the absence of external resistance.

[0043] Ten-way switching valve has ten interfaces on the valve, marked as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 respectively. There are only two states, 1 is connected with 2, 3 is connected with 4, 5 is connected with 6, 7 is connected with 8, and 9 is connected with 10, or 2 is connected with 3, 4 is connected with 5, 6 is connected with 7, 8 is connected with 9, and 10 is connected with 1.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figures 1-2As shown, this embodiment provides an air component analysis system 100, including: a first sampling device 13, a second sampling device 23, a first separation component 15, a second separation component 19, a third separation component 27, a fourth separation component 32, a first switching valve 14, a second switching valve 22, a first detection device 20 and a second detection device 34, wherein: the first switching valve 14 has a first sampling port, a first sampling port, a first carrier gas inlet, a second carrier gas inlet and a plurality of first working ports, the first sampling port is used to connect with the sample storage device 2, the first carrier gas inlet and the second carrier gas inlet are both connected to the carrier gas storage device 26, the first sampling device The two ports of the first separation component 13, the two ports of the first separation component 15 and one port of the second separation component 19 are all connected to a first working port of the first switching valve 14, and the other port of the second separation component 19 is connected to the first detection device 20; the first separation component 15 and the second separation component 19 can both separate hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide in the sample; the second switching valve 22 has a second injection port, a second outlet port, a third carrier gas inlet and a plurality of second working ports, the second injection port can be connected to the first outlet port, the third carrier gas inlet is connected to the carrier gas storage device 26, the two ports of the second sampling device 23, the two ports of the third separation component 27 and One port of the fourth separation component 32 is connected to a second working port of the second switching valve 22, and the other port of the fourth separation component 32 is connected to the second detection device 34; the third separation component 27 can separate methane, acetylene, ethylene, ethane, propylene and propane in the sample; the fourth separation component 32 can separate methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane in the sample; the first injection port, the first sampling device 13, the first sampling port, the second injection port, the second sampling device 23 and the second sampling port can be connected in sequence to form an injection gas path; the first carrier gas inlet, the first sampling device 13, the first switching valve 14, the first separation component 15 and the first sampling device 13 can be connected to form a sampling ... The first port, the second port of the first separation component 15 and the first switching valve 14 can be connected in sequence to form a first detection gas path; the second carrier gas inlet, the second port of the first separation component 15, the first port of the first separation component 15, the first switching valve 14, the second separation component 19 and the first detection device 20 can be connected in sequence to form a second detection gas path; the third carrier gas inlet, the second sampling device 23, the second switching valve 22, the first port of the third separation component 27, the second port of the third separation component 27, the second switching valve 22, the fourth separation component 32 and the second detection device 34 can be connected in sequence to form a third detection gas path.

[0046] The above-mentioned air component analysis system 100 separates hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide in the sample through the first separation component 15 and the second separation component 19; can separate methane, acetylene, ethylene, ethane, propylene and propane in the sample through the third separation component 27; can separate methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane in the sample through the fourth separation component 32; and through the first switching valve 14 and the second switching valve 22 switching gas path, it can realize the detection of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide as well as methane, acetylene, ethylene, ethane, propylene and propane; and because each component has undergone the separation effect of the corresponding chromatographic column before detection, it can reduce or avoid mutual interference between components, and the measurement accuracy is relatively high.

[0047] In this embodiment, the second switching valve 22 has a fourth carrier gas inlet, which is used to connect to the carrier gas storage device 26; the fourth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the third separation component 27, the first port of the third separation component 27, the second switching valve 22 and the second detection device 34 can be connected in sequence to form a fourth detection gas path.

[0048] In this embodiment, the third sampling device 3, the third switching valve 4, the fifth separation component 5, the sixth separation component 7 and the third detection device 8 are also included. The third switching valve 4 has a third sample inlet, a third sample outlet, a fifth carrier gas inlet and a plurality of third working ports. The third sample inlet is used to connect with the sample storage device 2, the third sample outlet can be connected with the first sample inlet, the fifth carrier gas inlet can be connected with the carrier gas storage device 26, the two ports of the third sampling device 3, the two ports of the fifth separation component 5, and one port of the sixth separation component 7 are all connected with a third working port of the third switching valve 4, and the other port of the sixth separation component 7 is connected with the third detection device 8; the fifth separation component 5 can The sixth separation component 7 can separate the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen peak components in the sample, and the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen peak components can be separated into hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen; the third injection port, the third sampling device 3, the third sampling outlet, the first injection port, the first sampling device 13, the first sampling outlet, the second injection port, the second sampling device 23 and the second sampling outlet can be connected in sequence to form an injection gas path; the fifth carrier gas inlet, the third sampling device 3, the third switching valve 4, the fifth separation component 5, the third switching valve 4, the sixth separation component 7 and the third detection device 8 can be connected in sequence to form a fifth detection gas path; the fifth carrier gas inlet, the sixth separation component 7 and the third detection device 8 can be connected in sequence to form a sixth detection gas path.

[0049] In this embodiment, the fourth switching valve 37, the fourth sampling device 38, the seventh separation component 35, the eighth separation component 43 and the fourth detection device are also included. The fourth switching valve 37 has a fourth sample inlet, a fourth sample outlet, a sixth carrier gas inlet and a plurality of fourth working ports. The fourth sample inlet is connected to the second sample outlet, the fourth sample outlet can be communicated with the external atmosphere, the sixth carrier gas inlet can be connected to the carrier gas storage device 26, the two ports of the fourth sampling device 38, the two ports of the seventh separation component 35, and one port of the eighth separation component 43 are all connected to a fourth working port of the fourth switching valve 37, and the other port of the eighth separation component 43 is connected to the fourth detection device; the seventh separation component 35 and the eighth separation component 43 are connected to the fourth working port of the fourth switching valve 37, and the other port of the eighth separation component 43 is connected to the fourth detection device; The separation components 43 can separate carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in the sample; the first inlet, the first sampling device 13, the first outlet, the second inlet, the second sampling device 23, the second outlet, the fourth inlet, the fourth sampling device 38 and the fourth outlet can be connected in sequence to form an inlet gas path; the sixth carrier gas inlet, the fourth sampling device 38, the fourth switching valve 37, the first port of the seventh separation component 35, the second port of the seventh separation component 35, the fourth switching valve 37, the eighth separation component 43 and the fourth detection device can be connected in sequence to form a seventh detection gas path; the sixth carrier gas inlet, the eighth separation component 43 and the fourth detection device can be connected in sequence to form an eighth detection gas path.

[0050] In this embodiment, the fourth detection device includes a detection body 44 and a methane conversion device 42 , and the air inlet port and the air outlet port of the methane conversion device 42 are connected to the air outlet port of the eighth separation component 43 and the air inlet port of the detection body 44 respectively.

[0051] In this embodiment, the first switching valve 14 has a first gas outlet, and the first carrier gas inlet and the first gas outlet can be connected to form a first carrier gas loading gas path; the second carrier gas inlet, the first separation component 15, the first switching valve 14, the second separation component 19 and the first detection device 20 can be connected to form a second carrier gas loading gas path; the third carrier gas inlet, the fourth separation component 32 and the second detection device 34 can be connected to form a third carrier gas loading gas path; the fourth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the third separation component 27, the first port of the third separation component 27 and the second detection device 34 can be connected to form a fourth carrier gas loading gas path.

[0052] In this embodiment, the third switching valve 4 has a seventh carrier gas inlet and a second gas outlet, and the seventh carrier gas inlet is used to connect to the carrier gas storage device 26; the fourth switching valve 37 has an eighth carrier gas inlet and a third gas outlet, and the eighth carrier gas inlet is used to connect to the carrier gas storage device 26; the fifth carrier gas inlet, the sixth separation component 7 and the third detection device 8 can be connected to form a fifth carrier gas loading gas path; the sixth carrier gas inlet, the eighth separation component 43 and the fourth detection device can be connected to form a sixth carrier gas loading gas path; the seventh carrier gas inlet, the fifth separation component 5, and the second gas outlet of the third switching valve 4 can be connected to form a seventh carrier gas loading gas path; the eighth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the seventh separation component 35, the first port of the seventh separation component 35, and the third gas outlet of the fourth switching valve 37 can be connected to form an eighth carrier gas loading gas path.

[0053] In this embodiment, this embodiment further includes a first flow control device 9, a second flow control device 17 and a third flow control device 36, and the first flow control device 9, the second flow control device 17 and the third flow control device 36 are connected to the second gas outlet, the first gas outlet and the third gas outlet respectively. The eighth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the seventh separation component 35, the first port of the seventh separation component 35, the third gas outlet of the fourth switching valve 37, and the third flow control device 36 can be connected to form an exhaust gas path, and the component peaks other than carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in the seventh separation component 35 are back-blown by the eighth carrier gas 41 through the third flow control device 36 and discharged.

[0054] In this embodiment, a sample storage device 2 and a carrier gas storage device 26 are further included. The sample storage device 2 is connected to the third sample inlet, and the carrier gas storage device 26 is connected to the first to eighth carrier gas inlets.

[0055] In this embodiment, the first detection device 20 is a flame photometry detector, and the second detection device 34 is a first flame ionization detector.

[0056] In this embodiment, the third detection device 8 is a thermal conductivity detector.

[0057] In this embodiment, the detection body 44 is a second flame ionization detector.

[0058] In this embodiment, the first separation component 15, the second separation component 19, the third separation component 27, the fourth separation component 32, the fifth separation component 5, the sixth separation component 7, the seventh separation component 35, and the eighth separation component 43 are all chromatographic columns, and the fifth separation component 5 is filled with Porapak Q chromatographic support or other equivalent chromatographic support. The sixth separation component 7 is filled with molecular sieve chromatographic support or other equivalent chromatographic support. The first separation component 15 and the second separation component 19 are filled with Porapak QS chromatographic support or other equivalent chromatographic support. The third separation component 27 and the fourth separation component 32 are filled with GDX-102 chromatographic support or other equivalent chromatographic support. The seventh separation component 35 and the eighth separation component 43 are filled with GDX-502 chromatographic support or other equivalent chromatographic support.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first sampling device 13, the second sampling device 23, the third sampling device 3, and the fourth sampling device 38 are all quantitative loops.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] This embodiment provides an air component analysis method based on the air component analysis system 100 of Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

[0062] S1. Sampling samples, wherein the sampling method includes: allowing the sample to pass through the first sampling port, the first sampling device 13, the first sampling port, the second sampling port, the second sampling device 23 and the second sampling port in sequence, and quantitatively storing the sample through the first sampling device 13 and the second sampling device 23 respectively;

[0063] S2. Perform gas component detection, the detection method includes:

[0064] Detection of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide components: allow the carrier gas to enter the first sampling device 13 through the first carrier gas inlet, and the sample of the first sampling device 13 is carried by the carrier gas to flow through the first switching valve 14, the first port of the first separation component 15, the second port of the first separation component 15 and the first switching valve 14 in sequence, and is discharged from the first switching valve 14, and the hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide in the sample are separated by the first separation component 15; when hydrogen sulfide is separated from the first separation component 15, stop the carrier gas from entering the first detection gas path, and allow the carrier gas to pass through the second carrier gas inlet, the second port of the first separation component 15 and the first port of the first separation component 15 in sequence to backflush the first separation component 15, and carry the hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide in the first separation component 15 through the first switching valve 14, the second separation component 19 and the first detection device 20 in sequence, and the hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide are separated again by the second separation component 19, and the hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide in the sample are detected by the first detection device 20;

[0065] Detection of methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane components: allow the carrier gas to enter the second sampling device 23 through the third carrier gas inlet, and the sample of the second sampling device 23 carried by the carrier gas flows through the second switching valve 22, the first port of the third separation component 27, the second port of the third separation component 27, the second switching valve 22, the fourth separation component 32 and the second detection device 34 in sequence, and methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane are separated by the third separation component 27, and methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane are separated again by the fourth separation component 32, and the methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane in the sample are detected by the second detection device 34.

[0066] In this embodiment, the second switching valve 22 has a fourth carrier gas inlet, and the fourth carrier gas inlet is used to connect to the carrier gas storage device 26;

[0067] S2 also includes: performing propylene and propane component detection: when the ethane in the third separation component 27 is completely carried by the carrier gas into the fourth separation component 32, the carrier gas is allowed to flow through the fourth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the third separation component 27 and the first port of the third separation component 27 in sequence to backflush the third separation component 27, and the propylene and propane in the third separation component 27 are carried by the carrier gas through the second switching valve 22 into the second detection device 34, and the propylene and propane in the sample are detected by the second detection device 34.

[0068] In this embodiment, the third sampling device 3, the third switching valve 4, the fifth separation component 5, the sixth separation component 7 and the third detection device 8 are also included. The third switching valve 4 has a third sample inlet, a third sample outlet, a fifth carrier gas inlet and a plurality of third working ports. The third sample inlet is used to connect with the sample storage device 2, the third sample outlet can be connected with the first sample inlet, the fifth carrier gas inlet can be connected with the carrier gas storage device 26, two ports of the third sampling device 3, two ports of the fifth separation component 5, and one port of the sixth separation component 7 are all connected with a third working port of the third switching valve 4, and another port of the sixth separation component 7 is connected with the third detection device 8;

[0069] S1 includes: the sampling method includes: allowing the sample to flow through the third sampling port, the third sampling device 3, the third sampling port, the first sampling port, the first sampling device 13, the first sampling port, the second sampling port, the second sampling device 23 and the second sampling port in sequence, and quantitatively storing the sample through the third sampling device 3;

[0070] S2 also includes: performing hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen component detection: allowing the carrier gas to enter the third sampling device 3 through the fifth carrier gas inlet, and the sample in the third sampling device 3 is carried by the carrier gas to flow through the third switching valve 4, the fifth separation component 5, the third switching valve 4, the sixth separation component 7 and the third detection device 8 in sequence, and the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen peak components in the sample are separated by the fifth separation component 5; when the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen peak components completely enter the sixth separation component 7, the carrier gas is allowed to flow through the fifth carrier gas inlet, the sixth separation component 7 and the third detection device 8 in sequence, and the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen peak components are separated into hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen by the sixth separation component 7, and the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen in the sample are detected by the third detection device 8.

[0071] In this embodiment, it also includes a fourth switching valve 37, a fourth sampling device 38, a seventh separation component 35, an eighth separation component 43 and a fourth detection device. The fourth switching valve 37 has a fourth sample inlet, a fourth sample outlet, a sixth carrier gas inlet and a plurality of fourth working ports. The fourth sample inlet is connected to the second sample outlet, the fourth sample outlet can be communicated with the external atmosphere, the sixth carrier gas inlet can be connected to the carrier gas storage device 26, two ports of the fourth sampling device 38, two ports of the seventh separation component 35, and one port of the eighth separation component 43 are all connected to a fourth working port of the fourth switching valve 37, and another port of the eighth separation component 43 is connected to the fourth detection device;

[0072] S1 includes: a sampling method includes: a first sampling port, a first sampling device 13, a first sampling port, a second sampling port, a second sampling device 23, a second sampling port, a fourth sampling port, a fourth sampling device 38 and a fourth sampling port, and quantitatively storing samples through the fourth sampling device 38;

[0073] S2 also includes: performing carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide component detection: allowing the carrier gas to enter the fourth sampling device 38 through the sixth carrier gas inlet, and the sample in the fourth sampling device 38 is carried by the carrier gas to flow through the fourth switching valve 37, the first port of the seventh separation component 35, the second port of the seventh separation component 35, the fourth switching valve 37, the eighth separation component 43 and the fourth detection device in sequence, and the carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in the sample are separated by the seventh separation component 35; when the carbon dioxide completely flows from the seventh separation component 35 to the eighth separation component 43, the carrier gas is allowed to flow through the sixth carrier gas inlet, the eighth separation component 43 and the fourth detection device in sequence, and the carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in the sample are separated again by the eighth separation component 43, and the carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in the sample are detected by the fourth detection device.

[0074] In this embodiment, the first switching valve 14 has a first gas outlet; the third switching valve 4 has a seventh carrier gas inlet and a second gas outlet, and the seventh carrier gas inlet is used to connect to the carrier gas storage device 26; the fourth switching valve 37 has an eighth carrier gas inlet and a third gas outlet, and the eighth carrier gas inlet is used to connect to the carrier gas storage device 26;

[0075] Before performing gas component detection, carrier gas loading is performed, and the carrier gas loading method includes: allowing the carrier gas to flow through the first carrier gas inlet and the first gas outlet of the first switching valve 14 in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the second carrier gas inlet, the first separation component 15, the first switching valve 14, the second separation component 19 and the first detection device 20 in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the third carrier gas inlet, the fourth separation component 32 and the second detection device 34 in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the fourth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the third separation component 27, the first port of the third separation component 27 and the second detection device 34 in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the fifth carrier gas inlet, the sixth separation component 7 and the third detection device 8 in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the sixth carrier gas inlet, the eighth separation component 43 and the fourth detection device in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the seventh carrier gas inlet, the fifth separation component 5, and the second gas outlet of the third switching valve 4 in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the eighth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the seventh separation component 35, the first port of the seventh separation component 35 and the third gas outlet of the fourth switching valve 37 in sequence.

[0076] This embodiment can measure the content of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, methane, acetylene, ethylene, ethane, propylene, propane, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide components in mine air through one sampling, with qualitative and quantitative measurement and accurate measurement.

[0077] In this embodiment, the first plane tee 11, the second plane tee 12, the third plane tee 21, the fourth plane tee 25, the fifth plane tee 30, the sixth plane tee 31, the seventh plane tee 33, the eighth plane tee 45, the sample pressure reducing valve 1, the carrier gas pressure reducing valve 24, the first switching valve 14, the second switching valve 22, the third switching valve 4 and the fourth switching valve 37 are all ten-way switching valves, and the connection relationship between each plane tee, each ten-way switching valve and each component is as shown in the figure. Figure 1 As shown, correspondingly, the specific method of the air component analysis method includes:

[0078] 1. Sample collection

[0079] After the sample flows out of the sample storage device 2, it is reduced in pressure through the sample pressure reducing valve 1, and then flows through ports 1 and 10 of the third switching valve 4 → the third sampling device 3 → ports 3 and 2 of the third switching valve 4 → ports 1 and 10 of the first switching valve 14 → the first sampling device 13 → ports 3 and 2 of the first switching valve 14 → ports 1 and 10 of the second switching valve 22 → the second sampling device 23 → ports 3 and 2 of the second switching valve 22 → ports 1 and 10 of the fourth switching valve 37 → the fourth sampling device 38 → ports 3 and 2 of the fourth switching valve 37, and is finally discharged from the sample outlet 39 through port 2 of the fourth switching valve 37.

[0080] 2. Carrier Gas Loading

[0081] After the carrier gas flows out from the carrier gas storage device 26, it is reduced in pressure by the carrier gas pressure reducing valve 24 and flows to the fourth plane tee 25, flows out from an interface of the fourth plane tee 25, flows to the first plane tee 11, and flows out from an interface of the first plane tee 11 as the seventh carrier gas 10 → ports 7 and 6 of the third switching valve 4 → the fifth separation component 5 → ports 9 and 8 of the third switching valve 4 → the first flow control device 9.

[0082] After the carrier gas flows out from another interface of the first plane tee 11, it flows to the second plane tee 12, and flows out from an interface of the second plane tee 12 as the fifth carrier gas 6 → port No. 4 and port No. 5 of the third switching valve 4 → the sixth separation component 7 → the third detection device 8.

[0083] After the carrier gas flows out from another interface of the second plane tee 12 , it flows to the third plane tee 21 , and flows out from one interface of the third plane tee 21 as the first carrier gas 16 → port 4 and port 5 of the first switching valve 14 → the second flow control device 17 .

[0084] The carrier gas flows out from another interface of the third planar tee 21 as the second carrier gas 18 → ports 7 and 6 of the first switching valve 14 → the first separation component 15 → ports 9 and 8 of the first switching valve 14 → the second separation component 19 → the first detection device 20 .

[0085] It flows out from another interface of the fourth plane tee 25, flows to the fifth plane tee 30, and flows out from an interface of the fifth plane tee 30 as the fourth carrier gas 29 → ports 7 and 6 of the second switching valve 22 → the third separation component 27 → ports 9 and 8 of the second switching valve 22 → the seventh plane tee 33 → the second detection device 34.

[0086] It flows out from another interface of the fifth plane tee 30 to the sixth plane tee 31, and flows out from an interface of the sixth plane tee 31 as the third carrier gas 28 → ports 4 and 5 of the second switching valve 22 → the fourth separation component 32 → the seventh plane tee 33 → the second detection device 34.

[0087] It flows out from another interface of the sixth plane tee 31, flows to the eighth plane tee 45, and flows out from one interface of the eighth plane tee 45 as the eighth carrier gas 41 → ports 7 and 6 of the fourth switching valve 37 → the seventh separation component 35 → ports 9 and 8 of the fourth switching valve 37 → the third flow control device 36.

[0088] The gas flowing out from another interface of the eighth planar tee 45 is the sixth carrier gas 40 → ports 4 and 5 of the fourth switching valve 37 → the eighth separation component 43 → the fourth detection device.

[0089] Third, gas component detection:

[0090] Analysis and detection of hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen components: Figure 2 As shown, the fifth carrier gas 6 → ports 4 and 3 of the third switching valve 4 → the third sampling device 3, carrying the sample in the third sampling device 3 → ports 10 and 9 of the third switching valve 4 → the fifth separation component 5, the fifth separation component 5 pre-separates the hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen combined peak from the component peaks other than hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, and when the hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen combined peak completely enters the sixth separation component 7 through ports 6 and 5 of the third switching valve 4, the third switching valve 4 is reset to Figure 1 state, the fifth carrier gas 6 → ports 4 and 5 of the third switching valve 4 → the sixth separation component 7, further separating the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen peak into hydrogen (H2), oxygen (O2), and nitrogen (N2) components → detected by the third detection device 8; the component peaks other than hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen in the fifth separation component 5 are back-flushed by the seventh carrier gas 10 and discharged through the first flow control device 9 (seventh carrier gas 10 → ports 7 and 6 of the third switching valve 4 → the fifth separation component 5 → ports 9 and 8 of the third switching valve 4 → the first flow control device 9).

[0091] Analysis and detection of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide components: Figure 2 As shown, the first carrier gas 16 → port No. 4 and port No. 3 of the first switching valve 14 → the first sampling device 13, the first carrier gas 16 carries the sample in the first sampling device 13 → port No. 10 and port No. 9 of the first switching valve 14 → the first separation component 15, the first separation component 15 discharges the previously separated components of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide → port No. 6 and port No. 5 of the first switching valve 14 → through the second flow control device 17.

[0092] When hydrogen sulfide is separated from the first separation element 15, the first switching valve 14 is reset to Figure 1state, the second carrier gas 18 back-blows the hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide in the first separation component 15 into the second separation component 19, the second separation component 19 further separates the hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide, and the results are detected by the first detection device 20 (the path is: second carrier gas 18 → ports 7 and 6 of the first switching valve 14 → first separation component 15 → ports 9 and 8 of the first switching valve 14 → second separation component 19 → first detection device 20).

[0093] Analysis and detection of alkanes: Figure 2 As shown, the third carrier gas 28 → ports 4 and 3 of the second switching valve 22 → the second sampling device 23, the third carrier gas 28 carries the sample in the second sampling device 23 → ports 10 and 9 of the second switching valve 22 → the third separation component 27, the third carrier gas 28 carries the methane, acetylene, ethylene, and ethane first separated by the third separation component 27 to the fourth separation component 32 through ports 6 and 5 of the second switching valve 22, the fourth separation component 32 further separates the above components → the second detection device 34, and detects methane (CH4), acetylene (C2H2), ethylene (C2H4), and ethane (C2H6) components; when ethane completely enters the fourth separation component 32 from the third separation component 27, the second switching valve 22 is reset to Figure 1 State, the fourth carrier gas 29 back-blows the propylene (C3H6) and propane (C3H8) components retained in the third separation component 27, which are detected by the second detection device 34 (the path is: fourth carrier gas 29 → ports 7 and 6 of the second switching valve 22 → third separation component 27 → ports 9 and 8 of the second switching valve 22 → seventh plane tee 33 → second detection device 34).

[0094] Analysis of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide components: Figure 2 As shown, the sixth carrier gas 40 → ports 4 and 3 of the fourth switching valve 37 → the fourth sampling device 38, the sixth carrier gas 40 carries the sample in the fourth sampling device 38 → ports 10 and 9 of the fourth switching valve 37 → the seventh separation component 35, the seventh separation component 35 first separates the sample into carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, and when the carbon dioxide component completely flows from the seventh separation component 35 to the eighth separation component 43, the fourth switching valve 37 is reset to Figure 1State, the sixth carrier gas 40 → ports 4 and 5 of the fourth switching valve 37 → the eighth separation component 43, the sixth carrier gas 40 carries the carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide components further separated by the eighth separation component 43 into the methane conversion device 42, the methane conversion device 42 converts carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide into methane → the detection body 44, and the carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide contents are measured by the detection body 44. The eighth carrier gas 41 back-blows the components in the seventh separation component 35 and is discharged by the third flow control device 36, (the eighth carrier gas 41 → ports 7 and 6 of the fourth switching valve 37 → the seventh separation component 35 → ports 9 and 8 of the fourth switching valve 37 → the third flow control device 36).

[0095] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. An air component analysis system, characterized in that: include: A first sampling device, a second sampling device, a first separation component, a second separation component, a third separation component, a fourth separation component, a first switching valve, a second switching valve, a first detection device and a second detection device, wherein: The first switching valve has a first sample inlet, a first sample outlet, a first carrier gas inlet, a second carrier gas inlet and a plurality of first working ports, the first sample inlet is used to be connected to a sample storage device, the first carrier gas inlet and the second carrier gas inlet are both connected to the carrier gas storage device, the two ports of the first sampling device, the two ports of the first separation component and one port of the second separation component are all connected to one of the first working ports of the first switching valve, and the other port of the second separation component is connected to the first detection device; the first separation component and the second separation component are both capable of separating hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide in the sample; The second switching valve has a second sample inlet, a second sample outlet, a third carrier gas inlet and a plurality of second working ports, the second sample inlet can be connected to the first sample outlet, the third carrier gas inlet is connected to the carrier gas storage device, two ports of the second sampling device, two ports of the third separation component and one port of the fourth separation component are all connected to one of the second working ports of the second switching valve, and another port of the fourth separation component is connected to a second detection device; the third separation component can separate methane, acetylene, ethylene, ethane, propylene and propane in the sample; the fourth separation component can separate the methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane in the sample; The first sampling port, the first sampling device, the first sampling outlet, the second sampling port, the second sampling device and the second sampling outlet can be connected in sequence to form a sampling gas path; the first carrier gas inlet, the first sampling device, the first switching valve, the first port of the first separation component, the second port of the first separation component and the first switching valve can be connected in sequence to form a first detection gas path; the second carrier gas inlet, the second port of the first separation component, the first port of the first separation component, the first switching valve, the second separation component and the first detection device can be connected in sequence to form a second detection gas path; the third carrier gas inlet, the second sampling device, the second switching valve, the first port of the third separation component, the second port of the third separation component, the second switching valve, the fourth separation component and the second detection device can be connected in sequence to form a third detection gas path.

2. The air composition analysis system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second switching valve has a fourth carrier gas inlet, which is used to connect to the carrier gas storage device; the fourth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the third separation component, the first port of the third separation component, the second switching valve and the second detection device can be connected in sequence to form a fourth detection gas path.

3. The air composition analysis system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a third sampling device, a third switching valve, a fifth separation component, a sixth separation component and a third detection device, wherein the third switching valve has a third injection port, a third sample outlet, a fifth carrier gas inlet and a plurality of third working ports, the third injection port is used to connect with the sample storage device, the third sample outlet can be connected with the first injection port, the fifth carrier gas inlet can be connected with the carrier gas storage device, two ports of the third sampling device, two ports of the fifth separation component and one port of the sixth separation component are all connected with one of the third working ports of the third switching valve, and another port of the sixth separation component is connected with the third detection device; the fifth separation component can separate the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen peak components in the sample, and the sixth separation component can separate the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen peak components into hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen; The third sampling port, the third sampling device, the third sampling outlet, the first sampling port, the first sampling device, the first sampling outlet, the second sampling port, the second sampling device and the second sampling outlet can be connected in sequence to form the sampling gas path; the fifth carrier gas inlet, the third sampling device, the third switching valve, the fifth separation component, the third switching valve, the sixth separation component and the third detection device can be connected in sequence to form the fifth detection gas path; the fifth carrier gas inlet, the sixth separation component and the third detection device can be connected in sequence to form the sixth detection gas path.

4. The air composition analysis system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a fourth switching valve, a fourth sampling device, a seventh separation component, an eighth separation component and a fourth detection device, wherein the fourth switching valve has a fourth sample inlet, a fourth sample outlet, a sixth carrier gas inlet and a plurality of fourth working ports, the fourth sample inlet is connected to the second sample outlet, the fourth sample outlet can be communicated with the external atmosphere, the sixth carrier gas inlet can be connected to the carrier gas storage device, two ports of the fourth sampling device, two ports of the seventh separation component and one port of the eighth separation component are all connected to one of the fourth working ports of the fourth switching valve, and another port of the eighth separation component is connected to the fourth detection device; the seventh separation component and the eighth separation component can both separate carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in the sample; The first inlet, the first sampling device, the first outlet, the second inlet, the second sampling device, the second outlet, the fourth inlet, the fourth sampling device and the fourth outlet can be connected in sequence to form the inlet gas path; the sixth carrier gas inlet, the fourth sampling device, the fourth switching valve, the first port of the seventh separation component, the second port of the seventh separation component, the fourth switching valve, the eighth separation component and the fourth detection device can be connected in sequence to form the seventh detection gas path; the sixth carrier gas inlet, the eighth separation component and the fourth detection device can be connected in sequence to form the eighth detection gas path.

5. The air composition analysis system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first switching valve has a first gas outlet; the third switching valve has a seventh carrier gas inlet and a second gas outlet, the seventh carrier gas inlet is used to connect to the carrier gas storage device; the fourth switching valve has an eighth carrier gas inlet and a third gas outlet, the eighth carrier gas inlet is used to connect to the carrier gas storage device; The first carrier gas inlet and the first gas outlet of the first switching valve can be communicated to form a first carrier gas loading gas path; The second carrier gas inlet, the first separation component, the first switching valve, the second separation component and the first detection device can be connected to form a second carrier gas loading gas path; The third carrier gas inlet, the fourth separation component and the second detection device can be connected to form a third carrier gas loading gas path; The fourth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the third separation component, the first port of the third separation component and the second detection device can be connected to form a fourth carrier gas loading gas path; The fifth carrier gas inlet, the sixth separation component and the third detection device can be connected to form a fifth carrier gas loading gas path; The sixth carrier gas inlet, the eighth separation component and the fourth detection device can be connected to form a sixth carrier gas loading gas path; the seventh carrier gas inlet, the fifth separation component and the second gas outlet of the third switching valve can be connected to form a seventh carrier gas loading gas path; The eighth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the seventh separation component, the first port of the seventh separation component, and the third gas outlet of the fourth switching valve can be connected to form an eighth carrier gas loading gas path.

6. An air component analysis method based on the air component analysis system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Sampling the sample, wherein the sampling method comprises: allowing the sample to pass through the first sampling port, the first sampling device, the first sampling port, the second sampling port, the second sampling device and the second sampling port in sequence, and quantitatively storing the sample through the first sampling device and the second sampling device respectively; S2. Perform gas component detection, the detection method includes: Conducting the detection of the hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide components: allowing the carrier gas to enter the first sampling device through the first carrier gas inlet, and the carrier gas carrying the sample of the first sampling device flows through the first switching valve, the first port of the first separation component, the second port of the first separation component, and the first switching valve in sequence, and is discharged from the first switching valve, and the hydrogen sulfide and the sulfur dioxide in the sample are separated by the first separation component; when the hydrogen sulfide is separated from the first separation component, the carrier gas stops entering the first detection gas path, and the carrier gas passes through the second carrier gas inlet, the second port of the first separation component, and the first port of the first separation component in sequence to backflush the first separation component, and the carrier gas carries the hydrogen sulfide and the sulfur dioxide in the first separation component to flow through the first switching valve, the second separation component, and the first detection device in sequence, and the hydrogen sulfide and the sulfur dioxide are separated again by the second separation component, and the hydrogen sulfide and the sulfur dioxide in the sample are detected by the first detection device; Conduct component detection of methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane: allow the carrier gas to enter the second sampling device through the third carrier gas inlet, carry the sample of the second sampling device through the carrier gas in sequence through the second switching valve, the first port of the third separation component, the second port of the third separation component, the second switching valve, the fourth separation component and the second detection device, separate the methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane through the third separation component, separate the methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane again through the fourth separation component, and detect the methane, acetylene, ethylene and ethane in the sample through the second detection device.

7. The air composition analysis method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second switching valve has a fourth carrier gas inlet, and the fourth carrier gas inlet is used to connect to the carrier gas storage device; S2 also includes: performing detection of the propylene and propane components: when the ethane in the third separation component is completely carried by the carrier gas into the fourth separation component, the carrier gas is made to flow through the fourth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the third separation component and the first port of the third separation component in sequence to backflush the third separation component, and the propylene and propane in the third separation component are carried by the carrier gas into the second detection device through the second switching valve, and the propylene and propane in the sample are detected by the second detection device.

8. The air composition analysis method according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a third sampling device, a third switching valve, a fifth separation component, a sixth separation component and a third detection device, wherein the third switching valve has a third sample inlet, a third sample outlet, a fifth carrier gas inlet and a plurality of third working ports, the third sample inlet is used to be connected to the sample storage device, the third sample outlet can be connected to the first sample inlet, the fifth carrier gas inlet can be connected to the carrier gas storage device, two ports of the third sampling device, two ports of the fifth separation component and one port of the sixth separation component are all connected to one of the third working ports of the third switching valve, and another port of the sixth separation component is connected to the third detection device; S1 includes: the sampling method includes: allowing the sample to flow through the third sampling port, the third sampling device, the third sampling port, the first sampling port, the first sampling device, the first sampling port, the second sampling port, the second sampling device and the second sampling port in sequence, and quantitatively storing the sample through the third sampling device; S2 also includes: performing component detection of the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen: allowing the carrier gas to enter the third sampling device through the fifth carrier gas inlet, and the carrier gas carrying the sample in the third sampling device flows through the third switching valve, the fifth separation component, the third switching valve, the sixth separation component and the third detection device in sequence, and the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen combined peak components in the sample are separated by the fifth separation component; when the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen combined peak components completely enter the sixth separation component, allowing the carrier gas to flow through the fifth carrier gas inlet, the sixth separation component and the third detection device in sequence, and the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen combined peak components are separated into the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen by the sixth separation component, and the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen in the sample are detected by the third detection device.

9. The air composition analysis method according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a fourth switching valve, a fourth sampling device, a seventh separation component, an eighth separation component and a fourth detection device, wherein the fourth switching valve has a fourth sample inlet, a fourth sample outlet, a sixth carrier gas inlet and a plurality of fourth working ports, the fourth sample inlet is connected to the second sample outlet, the fourth sample outlet can be communicated with the external atmosphere, the sixth carrier gas inlet can be connected to the carrier gas storage device, two ports of the fourth sampling device, two ports of the seventh separation component, and one port of the eighth separation component are all connected to one of the fourth working ports of the fourth switching valve, and another port of the eighth separation component is connected to the fourth detection device; S1 includes: the sampling method includes: the first sampling port, the first sampling device, the first sampling port, the second sampling port, the second sampling device, the second sampling port, the fourth sampling port, the fourth sampling device and the fourth sampling port, and the sample is quantitatively stored by the fourth sampling device; S2 also includes: performing detection of the carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide components: allowing the carrier gas to enter the fourth sampling device through the sixth carrier gas inlet, and the carrier gas carrying the sample in the fourth sampling device flows through the fourth switching valve, the first port of the seventh separation component, the second port of the seventh separation component, the fourth switching valve, the eighth separation component and the fourth detection device in sequence, and the carbon monoxide and the carbon dioxide in the sample are separated by the seventh separation component; when the carbon dioxide completely flows from the seventh separation component to the eighth separation component, allowing the carrier gas to flow through the sixth carrier gas inlet, the eighth separation component and the fourth detection device in sequence, and the carbon monoxide and the carbon dioxide in the sample are separated again by the eighth separation component, and the carbon monoxide and the carbon dioxide in the sample are detected by the fourth detection device.

10. The air composition analysis method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first switching valve has a first gas outlet; the third switching valve has a seventh carrier gas inlet and a second gas outlet, the seventh carrier gas inlet is used to connect to the carrier gas storage device; the fourth switching valve has an eighth carrier gas inlet and a third gas outlet, the eighth carrier gas inlet is used to connect to the carrier gas storage device; Before performing gas component detection, carrier gas loading is performed, and the carrier gas loading method includes: allowing the carrier gas to flow through the first carrier gas inlet and the first gas outlet of the first switching valve in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the second carrier gas inlet, the first separation component, the first switching valve, the second separation component and the first detection device in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the third carrier gas inlet, the fourth separation component and the second detection device in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the fourth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the third separation component, the first port of the third separation component and the second detection device in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the fifth carrier gas inlet, the sixth separation component and the third detection device in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the sixth carrier gas inlet, the eighth separation component and the fourth detection device in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the seventh carrier gas inlet, the fifth separation component, and the second gas outlet of the third switching valve in sequence; allowing the carrier gas to flow through the eighth carrier gas inlet, the second port of the seventh separation component, the first port of the seventh separation component and the third gas outlet of the fourth switching valve in sequence.

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