Valve assembly for battery housing

Abstract

The present disclosure generally relates to a valve assembly for a battery pack. The valve assembly includes a body having a flange extending from an outer sidewall at a first end, an inner sidewall defining a chamber, and a plate disposed between the first end and a second end. The plate includes a plurality of vent holes formed therethrough. The valve assembly further includes a spool operably coupled to the first end of the body, a sealing element disposed between a portion of the spool and the body, a retainer, and a biasing element. The body is an integral part formed of a metal material. A retainer is centrally disposed in the body and is configured to connect the spool with the body.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Application No. 63 / 521,781, filed on June 19, 2023, U.S. Application No. 63 / 523,186, filed on June 26, 2023, U.S. Application No. 63 / 610,724, filed on December 15, 2023, and U.S. Application No. 63 / 552,333, filed on February 12, 2023, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to a valve assembly for a battery pack, and more particularly to a valve assembly for a battery housing of an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0004] In the field of battery housings for electric vehicles, the batteries require protection from harsh external conditions, including vibration, corrosive environments, fluids, dust, debris, temperature fluctuations, and other potentially harmful conditions. Likewise, due to the composition, operation, and containment of the batteries, the temperature and pressure inside the battery housing may fluctuate. Due to this change in internal conditions, the battery housing requires ventilation for proper operation and maintenance. Therefore, the battery housing needs to provide protection from external conditions as well as a ventilation mechanism to provide regulation of internal conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] Embodiments of the present disclosure are generally directed to valve assemblies for battery packs to provide venting functionality as well as ingress and egress protection.

[0006] In some aspects, a valve assembly for a battery pack includes a body having a flange extending from an outer sidewall at a first end, an inner sidewall defining a chamber, and a plate disposed between the first end and a second end. The plate includes a plurality of grooves formed therethrough. The valve assembly further includes a valve core operably coupled to a first end of the body, a sealing element disposed between a portion of the valve core and the body, a retainer, and a biasing element. The body is an integral component formed of a metal material. The retainer is centrally disposed in the body and is configured to connect the valve core to the body.

[0007] In some embodiments, the valve assembly includes a membrane attached to at least one of the retainer or the body. The membrane is configured to provide passive pressure relief when the valve core is in a closed position. In some embodiments, the membrane is coupled to a head of the retainer near the second end of the body and at least partially covers a passage formed through the retainer. In some embodiments, the membrane is coupled to a foot of the retainer near the first end of the body and at least partially covers a passage formed through the retainer.

[0008] In some embodiments, the membrane is secured to the retainer by an annular clip. In some embodiments, the membrane is disposed around a plurality of apertures formed through an inner sidewall of the body, the membrane being disposed within a gap in fluid communication with a chamber of the body.

[0009] In some aspects, a valve assembly for a battery pack includes: a body including a first end and an opposite second end and defining a central axis passing therethrough; a valve core having a rim and a barrel, the rim being operably coupled to the first end of the body, the barrel extending toward the second end of the body, the valve core and the body being coaxially aligned along the central axis. In addition, the valve assembly includes a retainer extending through the barrel and coupling the valve core to the body. The body includes a plurality of slots that are selectively opened or closed by displacement of the valve core relative to the first end of the body.

[0010] In some embodiments, the body includes a plurality of tabs arranged on the outer side wall, each tab extending outwardly from the outer side wall relative to the central axis. In some embodiments, each tab has a hinge portion, and the tab is configured to rotate about the hinge portion during mounting of the body with the battery pack wall of the battery pack. In some embodiments, the plurality of tabs are integrally formed with the body as a unitary structure.

[0011] In some embodiments, the plurality of grooves are sized differently relative to one another. In some embodiments, the plurality of grooves are radially spaced about the central axis. In some embodiments, the body includes an inner sidewall defining a chamber, an annular gap between the outer sidewall and the inner sidewall, and a rod configured to guide a cylinder of the valve core during operation, and the body is integrally formed as a unitary structure. In some embodiments, the biasing element is connected to the retainer to have a tension preload set by axially compressing the retainer.

[0012] In some aspects, a valve assembly for a battery pack includes a body defining a central axis, the body including a first end and an opposite second end, a plate disposed between the first end and the second end, a plurality of slots formed through the plate, and a rod centrally disposed on the plate. The valve assembly further includes a valve core operably attached to the first end of the body, the valve core having a barrel extending toward the second end of the body. Further, the valve assembly includes a retainer having a shaft disposed within the barrel of the valve core, the shaft connecting the head of the retainer to the foot. The biasing element is operably coupled between the head of the retainer and a seat formed on the rod, and the barrel of the valve core abuts the head of the retainer.

[0013] In some embodiments, a seal is disposed between an inner edge of the body and a portion of the valve core. In some embodiments, the seal is configured to remain on the inner edge of the body so that the valve core moves relative to the seal during operation. In some embodiments, the seal is configured to remain on the valve core so that the seal moves relative to the body during operation. In some embodiments, the insulator is configured to be disposed between the body and a battery pack wall of the battery pack. In some embodiments, a seal is disposed between the valve core and a foot of the retainer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the front and side of a valve assembly having a body, a valve core, and a retainer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0015] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A perspective view of the rear and side of the valve assembly;

[0016] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 a rear view of a valve assembly;

[0017] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 a side elevation view of a valve assembly;

[0018] Figure 5 is along Figure 3 The line 5-5 is intercepted Figure 1 a cross-sectional view of a valve assembly;

[0019] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a valve assembly of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 7 is a rear and side perspective view of another embodiment of a body of a valve assembly of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A rear view of the body;

[0022] Fig. 9 is along Figure 8 The line 9-9 is intercepted Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of a body;

[0023] Fig.10 and Fig.11 is a cross-sectional view of a forming method for a retainer of a valve assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Fig.12 is another embodiment of a retainer of a valve assembly of the present disclosure;

[0025] Fig.13 is another embodiment of a valve assembly of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figures 14 to 17 Schematic diagrams depicting different embodiments of seals and inner rims of bodies for use with embodiments of valve assemblies of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figures 18 to 22 Schematic diagrams depicting different embodiments of auxiliary seals for use with embodiments of the valve assemblies of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 23 to Figure 28 Schematic diagrams depicting different embodiments of retention features for use with embodiments of the valve assemblies of the present disclosure;

[0029] Fig.29 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a plug body and a retainer for use with an embodiment of a valve assembly of the present disclosure;

[0030] Fig.30 is a schematic diagram of a foot and tertiary seal for use with an embodiment of a valve assembly of the present disclosure;

[0031] Fig.31 is a schematic diagram of additional seals and grooves for use with embodiments of the valve assembly of the present disclosure;

[0032] Fig.32 is a partial detailed view of a clip mounted on a head of a retainer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Fig.33 is a partial detailed view of a clip mounted on a foot of a retainer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] Fig.34 and Fig.35 depicts a schematic diagram of an insulator for use with an embodiment of a valve assembly of the present disclosure; and

[0035] Figure 36 to Figure 38 Another embodiment of an insulator for use with embodiments of the valve assemblies of the present disclosure is depicted. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Before describing the embodiments of the present disclosure in detail, it should be understood that the application of the present disclosure is not limited to the details of the construction and arrangement of the parts set forth in the following description or illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The present disclosure can have other embodiments and can be practiced or implemented in various ways. Moreover, it should be understood that the words and terms used in this article are for descriptive purposes and should not be regarded as restrictive. The use of "comprising" and "including" and their variations is meant to cover the items listed thereafter and their equivalents as well as additional items and their equivalents. Throughout the disclosure, the terms "about" and "approximately" refer to plus or minus 5% of the number preceding each term.

[0037] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a valve assembly associated with a battery pack to provide ventilation or exhaust functions and prevent dust, debris or other fluids from entering the battery pack. In some aspects, the valve assembly provides passive ventilation and active ventilation functions, and the size can be set or can be configured to prevent or mitigate thermal runaway. Further, the valve assembly of the present disclosure is formed to withstand noise, vibration and harshness associated with motor vehicle implementations, etc. To this end, the valve assembly is made of a robust and durable material (such as a metal, a metal alloy or a composite material). The metal or metal alloy surface can be coated to obtain additional advantages or performance, such as resisting corrosion or insulating dissimilar metals. By forming each of the components of the valve assembly (including a body, a valve core and a retainer) with a metal or metal alloy material, these components can withstand high temperatures (e.g., about 300 degrees Celsius or higher) to delay or avoid complete dissolution, which may cause a larger opening in the battery pack, such as during a thermal runaway event. This may also permit the valve assembly to comply with various performance requirements, such as requirements in some jurisdictions requiring the valve assembly to delay a thermal runaway event for several minutes, such as five minutes or more.

[0038] In some aspects, the valve assembly or its components are formed using drawing, deep drawing, stamping, punching, casting, forging or other suitable manufacturing processes. It will be appreciated that drawing and deep drawing techniques can minimize waste or excess material, avoid seams, joints or areas susceptible to defects or failures, and provide finished components with a robust grain structure that is more durable and higher quality than components formed by other traditional manufacturing methods.

[0039] Figures 1 to 5An embodiment of a valve assembly 100 is depicted that includes a body 104 and a valve core (valve element) 108 connected by a retainer 112. The valve assembly 100 defines a central axis 116, and the valve core 108 and the body 104 are radially symmetrical and coaxially aligned about the central axis. In some embodiments, the valve assembly 100 is not radially symmetrical about the central axis 116, but still has components that are coaxially aligned. In some embodiments, the valve assembly 100 has components that are not coaxially aligned about the central axis 116. The valve core 108 is depicted as being in a closed position or configuration, in which a vent (not shown) formed between the valve core 108 and the body 104 is closed to prevent dust, debris, fluids and other matter from entering the valve assembly 100. In operation, when the valve assembly 100 is mounted to a battery pack wall 120 (see Figure 5 ), the valve core 108 is operably connected to the body 104 and is configured to shift along an actuation direction 124 substantially parallel to the central axis 116 when the valve assembly 100 is actuated by an increase in pressure within the battery pack (not shown), thereby reaching an actuated or open position, in which the exhaust port (not shown) is opened to release pressure to the outside or surrounding environment. The valve assembly 100 is adjusted or selectively configured to be actuated at a predetermined threshold pressure associated with the biasing element 128. In the illustrated embodiment, the biasing element 128 is a spring (e.g., a coil spring) that is operably mounted between the retainer 112 and the body 104. In operation, the biasing element 128 is configured to be overcome by a predetermined threshold pressure generated within the battery pack (not shown). This operation is referred to herein as active ventilation or active degassing because the valve core 108 is displaced to provide a ventilation or pressure relief function.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the body 104 of the valve assembly 100 includes a first end 140 opposite to a second end 144. The body 104 includes a flange 148 located at or near the first end 140. The flange 148 extends circumferentially outward relative to the central axis 116 and is defined or bounded by a peripheral edge 152. The body 104 further includes an outer sidewall 156 extending from the first end 140 to the second end 144. Figure 2 As shown, the outer sidewall 156 extends from a step 160 that is disposed inwardly relative to the peripheral edge 152 of the flange 148 of the body 104. The outer sidewall 156 is connected to the inner sidewall 164 by a beam 168 disposed at the second end 144. The beam 168 is a generally planar annular wall that spans between the inner sidewall 164 and the outer sidewall 156. The inner sidewall 164 of the body 104 extends toward the first end 140 and at least partially defines a chamber 172 about the central axis 116.

[0041] Still refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, the inner side wall 164 is connected to a plate 180 disposed between the first end 140 and the second end 144. In the illustrated embodiment, the plate 180 is disposed proximate to the first end 140 and partially defines the chamber 172. The plate 180 includes a plurality of vents 184 formed as through holes extending completely through the plate 180 and radially spaced from one another about the central axis 116. Accordingly, the vents 184 are selectively opened or closed by displacement of the valve core 108 relative to the first end 140 of the body 104. A rod 188 is disposed in the center of the plate 180 and extends away from the plate 180 toward the second end 144 to define a seat 192 on which the biasing element 128 is mounted. The rod 188 further serves as a cylinder 196 (see Figure 5 ) as will be described in further detail below. In the illustrated embodiment, the body 104 is a one-piece unitary component such that the plate 180, rod 188, flange 148, step 160, outer sidewall 156, inner sidewall 164 and beam 168 are integrally formed with each other.

[0042] In some embodiments, the body 104 is formed of a plurality of individual and separate components or parts that are coupled or fastened together. The body 104, the valve core 108, and the retainer 112 can all be made of a metal or metal alloy material or other durable material. In some embodiments, the entire body 104 can be formed of the same material, such as when the body 104 is formed into a unitary structure by drawing, deep drawing, stamping, punching, or other machining methods (including, for example, welding, milling, drilling, forging, casting, or additive manufacturing). In some embodiments, the body 104 is formed of a material that varies in density, thermal mass, melting point, conductivity, or other properties.

[0043] The retainer 112 includes a head 200 connected to a foot 204 by a shaft 208 extending axially parallel to the central axis 116. As described herein, the retainer 112 can be a fastener or coupling mechanism (such as a rivet) and also acts as a piston that translates axially during operation of the valve assembly 100 to provide venting and close or seal a battery pack (not shown). In the illustrated embodiment, the head 200 of the retainer 112 is disposed proximate the second end 144 of the body 104, and the foot 204 of the retainer 112 is disposed proximate the first end 140 of the body 104. The retainer 112 defines a passage 216 that extends completely through the head 200, the shaft 208, and the foot 204. The biasing element 128 is mounted on the seat 192 and disposed around a portion of the shaft 208 of the retainer 112. In the illustrated embodiment, the membrane 224 is attached to the head 200 of the retainer 112 to at least partially cover the passage 216 and is configured to provide passive pressure relief when the valve core 108 is in the closed position. The membrane 224 can be fixed using adhesives, glues, welding, fusion, molding, or any suitable technology. The membrane 224 can be formed of a certain material and have a thickness, diameter, or shape to achieve the desired or required air flow through the membrane 224 into the passage 216 of the retainer 112, thereby achieving the desired or required heat transfer and preventing the ingress and egress of substances (e.g., dust, debris, moisture, etc.). In some embodiments, the head 200, foot 204, or shaft 208 of the retainer 112 can be provided with a material coating (not shown) to perform a similar function as the membrane 224. The retainer 112 can be formed by deep drawing, stamping, punching, rolling, or other machining methods (including, for example, welding, milling, drilling, forging, casting, or additive manufacturing). In the illustrated embodiment, the retainer 112 is an integral one-piece structure. In some embodiments, the retainer 112 can be formed of multiple parts or pieces that are coupled together. The retainer 112 can be formed of the same material as the body 104. In some embodiments, the retainer 112 is formed of a material that is different from the material of the body 104. In some embodiments, the retainer 112 is formed of a material that varies in density, thermal mass, melting point, conductivity, or other properties.

[0044] refer to Figure 3, the head 200 of the retainer 112 defines a head diameter D1. The membrane 224 completely spans the head diameter D1 of the head 200 of the retainer 112. The inner side wall 164 of the body 104 defines a chamber diameter D2. The chamber diameter D2 is greater than the head diameter D1. In some embodiments, the chamber diameter D2 varies along the body 104 between the second end 144 and the plate 180. In some embodiments, the chamber diameter D2 is uniform between the second end 144 and the plate 180, such as in the illustrated embodiment. The plate 180 defines a total surface area that substantially spans the entire chamber diameter D2. The effective surface area of ​​the plate 180 explains the presence of the vent 184 on the plate 180. The vent 184 is selectively configured to allow a fluid (e.g., air) to pass through the plate 180 and act on or press against the actuation surface 232 of the valve core 108. By increasing, decreasing, or rearranging the vents 184 on the plate 180, the amount of pressure acting on the actuation surface 232 of the valve core 108 can be selectively changed. The effective surface area of ​​the plate 180 and the vents 184 can be understood as a certain proportion of the total surface area of ​​the plate 180. In some embodiments, the effective surface area is between about 10% and about 90% of the total surface area. In some embodiments, the effective surface area is between about 20% and about 80% of the total surface area, or between about 30% and about 70%, or between about 40% and about 60%, or about 50%.

[0045] Still refer to Figure 3 , the beam 168 has a width W measured between the inner sidewall 164 and the outer sidewall 156, as shown. In some aspects, the battery pack wall 120 of the battery pack (not shown) can have a standard or nominal size opening, and the valve assembly 100 is configured to be installed in the opening. Accordingly, the size of the valve assembly 100 is configured to fit within a standard size opening while still being configured to perform or implement certain active or passive ventilation functions. Therefore, the chamber diameter D2 and the head diameter D1 can be changed to provide active or passive ventilation functions, and the width W of the beam 168 can be determined or changed to fit within the standard opening of the battery pack. In other words, the width W of the beam 168 can be determined after selecting the head diameter D1 and the cavity diameter D2, so that the beam 168 increases or decreases to enable the valve assembly 100 to fit within the opening of the battery pack wall 120.

[0046] refer to Figure 4 , the foot 204 of the retainer 112 flares or extends outwardly from the central axis 116 to provide a platform for abutting the valve core 108. The head 200 of the retainer 112 is spaced apart from the second end 144 of the body 104 in the axial direction (i.e., relative to the central axis 116). The biasing element 128 has an end that abuts the head 200 of the retainer 112. Accordingly, the retainer 112 is configured to be moved in the actuation direction 124 (see Figure 5) is displaced or moved toward the first end 140 of the body 104 against the reaction force applied by the biasing element 128 to permit active ventilation. In particular, when pressure acts on the actuation surface 232 of the valve core 108, the valve core 108 presses against the foot 204 of the retainer 112 and causes displacement along the actuation direction 124 to form a vent (not shown) between the valve core 108 and the body 104, through which pressure is released. In some embodiments, passive ventilation can occur before and without overcoming the reaction force of the biasing element 128. In some aspects, passive ventilation is provided by air or gas passing through the membrane 224 and entering the channel 216 of the retainer 112 to exit from the foot 204 of the retainer 112. Accordingly, the material properties of the membrane 224 are selectively configured to permit passive venting through the passage 216 of the retainer 112 and may vary depending on the particular size, application, environment, and other operating factors associated with the performance of the valve assembly 100 .

[0047] Return to reference Figure 1 , the valve core 108 includes an outer portion 240, an intermediate portion 244, and an inner portion 248 that are concentrically arranged around the central axis 116. The valve core 108 includes a hollow cylinder 196 that extends axially from the inner portion 248 to surround the shaft 208 of the retainer 112. The cylinder 196 extends toward the second end 144 of the body 104 and abuts the head 200 of the retainer 112, thereby providing contact with the retainer 112 to achieve coordinated movement with each other. The outer portion 240 circumscribes the intermediate portion 244, and the intermediate portion 244 circumscribes the inner portion 248. Further, the outer portion 240 and the inner portion 248 extend substantially orthogonally relative to the central axis 116, and the intermediate portion 244 extends at a certain angle (e.g., obliquely) relative to the central axis 116 between the outer portion 240 and the inner portion 248. Accordingly, the inner portion 248 and the outer portion 240 are arranged on different axial planes or at different axial positions relative to each other. In other words, the inner portion 248 is positioned a greater distance from the first end 140 of the body 104 than the outer portion 240 is positioned from the first end 140 of the body 104. The valve core 108 can be formed of the same material as the body 104 and / or the retainer 112. In some embodiments, the valve core 108 is formed of a different material than the body 104 and / or the retainer 112. In some embodiments, the valve core 108 is formed of a material that varies in density, thermal mass, melting point, conductivity, or other properties.

[0048] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5, the valve core 108 forms a frustoconical structure, but other configurations are also contemplated. The actuation surface 232 defines a cavity 256 between the valve core 108 and the body 104, and the cavity 256 extends between the actuation surface 232 and the plate 180. Further, the cavity 256 is in fluid communication with gaps 260 formed between the inner sidewall 164 and the outer sidewall 156 of the body 104, and each gap 260 extends from the beam 168 at the second end 144 to the step 160 on the flange 148 at the first end 140. In addition, the cavity 256 is interrupted by the barrel 196 surrounding the shaft 208 of the retainer 112. The valve core 108 defines the actuation surface 232 along the outer portion 240, the intermediate portion 244, and the inner portion 248. Further, the valve core 108 defines a protective surface 264 opposite the actuation surface 232 and along the outer portion 240, the intermediate portion 244, and the inner portion 248. The protective surface 264 of the valve core 108 is configured to prevent dust, debris, and fluid from entering or passing through the valve assembly 100. In addition, the valve core 108 is engaged with a seal or sealing element 276, which is disposed about the outer portion 240 and seats against the first end 140 of the body 104 in the closed / unactuated position or configuration. In the illustrated embodiment, the seal 276 wraps around or extends around a rim 280 extending axially from the outer portion 240 of the valve core 108. In some embodiments, the seal 276 is molded around the rim 280 and the outer portion 240 of the valve core 108. In some embodiments, the seal 276 is attached or coupled to the rim 280 during an assembly step. In this manner, the seal 276 is configured to move relative to the body 104 during operation of the valve assembly 100. The seal 276 is made of an elastomeric material, such as a polymer or a composite material.

[0049] In operation, the valve assembly 100 is configured to release pressure inside a battery pack (not shown) using passive and active venting features. Figure 5As shown, the valve assembly 100 can provide passive ventilation by allowing pressure to escape through the membrane 224 attached to the head 200 and through the channel 216 of the retainer 112. Further, the valve assembly 100 can provide full or partial active ventilation by allowing pressure to escape through the valve core 108 in the actuation direction 124 to at least partially open the exhaust port (not shown) formed as an annular gap between the valve core 108 and the body 104. In this regard, as shown by the pressure flow path 288, gas or air within the battery pack (not shown) flows into the chamber 172, through the vent 184, and at least partially fills the cavity 256, and is then released or transferred out of the exhaust port (not shown) after the valve core 108 is partially displaced. The gas or air can also flow into the gap 260 formed on the body 104 to cause the valve core 108 to at least partially move away from the body 104, thereby forming at least a partial version of the exhaust port (not shown), so that the air or gas escapes before further accumulation or increase in the battery pack (not shown) or the body 104. Further, when the pressure increases beyond a predetermined threshold such that the passive venting feature and the partial active venting feature are insufficient to reduce the pressure generated within the battery pack (not shown), the active venting feature of the valve assembly 100 is actuated. In this regard, the valve core 108 is displaced in the actuation direction 124 by the increased pressure, causing the retainer 112 to be axially displaced toward the first end 140 of the body 104, which is fixed or mounted to the battery pack wall 120. When the retainer 112 is displaced, the head 200 compresses the biasing element 128 against the seat 192 formed on the rod 188 of the body 104. As a result, the vent (not shown) formed between the valve core 108 and the body 104 opens to allow gas or air to escape to the surrounding environment or atmosphere. During active venting, the vent (not shown) is fully open because the vent expands to provide a larger annular volume than during passive venting, through which pressure can escape. When returned to the closed position, the rim 280 of the valve element 108 is compressed against the first end 140 of the body 104 to resiliently deform the seal 276 , thereby preventing pressure or air flow through the exhaust port (not shown) and out of the valve assembly 100 .

[0050] Still refer to Figure 5, depicting a valve assembly 100 in which a flange 148 is attached to an outer surface 296 of a battery pack wall 120 of a battery pack (not shown). Further, the body 104 extends beyond the inner surface 300 of the battery pack wall 120 so as to extend into the interior of the battery pack to be exposed to and communicate with the pressure fluid generated therein. Thus, only the foot 204 of the retainer 112, the valve core 108, and the flange 148 of the body 104 are visible or exposed from the exterior of the battery pack, thereby providing a separate and unobtrusive mounting configuration in the battery pack wall 120 to reduce or minimize the overall size and external envelope occupied by the battery pack (not shown). This can be very advantageous when the battery pack is located in a place where space or volume must be used efficiently, such as in a motor vehicle.

[0051] Figure 6 Another embodiment of a valve assembly 312 is depicted. In this embodiment, elements that are common (i.e., identical or similar in structure and / or function) to elements present in the valve assembly 100 are indicated by the same reference numerals. The retainer 112 of the valve assembly 312 includes a retainer 112 attached to the foot 204, rather than at the Figures 1 to 5 A membrane 224 is provided at the head 200 in the valve assembly 100 of the battery pack. In particular, the membrane 224 is attached to the foot 204 to at least partially cover the channel 216 and is configured to provide passive pressure relief when the valve core 108 is in the closed position. The membrane 224 can be secured using an adhesive, glue, welding, fusion, molding, or any suitable technique. In this way, the membrane 224 provides passive ventilation of gas or air that has entered the channel 216 so that pressure escapes directly through the membrane 224 to the surrounding environment. Further, the membrane 224 is located outside the battery pack wall 120 of the battery pack, where the membrane 224 is exposed to lower temperatures and in some cases can be formed of a different material having a lower melting point. Further, as Figure 1 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the biasing element 128 directly abuts the head 200 of the retainer 112. It is contemplated that the retainer 112 of the present disclosure may not include a membrane 224 attached thereto, such that the channel 216 is uninterrupted and an open flow path is formed between the interior of the battery pack and the surrounding environment. In some embodiments, the head 200 or the foot 204 of the retainer 112, or both, are enclosed by a solid portion to prevent any flow through the channel 216. In some embodiments, the retainer 112 is formed as a solid structure without the channel 216.

[0052] Figures 7 to 9Another embodiment of a body 332 for use with either of the valve assemblies 100, 312 is illustrated. The body 332 includes a plurality of tabs 336 formed on the outer sidewall 156. The tabs 336 are arranged to be radially spaced approximately 90 degrees from each other relative to the central axis 116. In some embodiments, the tabs 336 may be arranged closer to each other or farther from each other, and more or fewer tabs 336 may be provided than shown. The tabs 336 are pre-arranged (e.g., bent) to extend outwardly from the outer sidewall 156 relative to the central axis 116 and are resilient to help hold the body 332 together with the battery pack wall 120 (see Fig.10 ). In particular, each tab 336 has a hinge portion 340 and a free end 342 opposite the hinge portion 340, and the tab 336 is configured to rotate or bend about the hinge portion. The free end 342 of each tab 336 is configured to abut or contact the inner surface 300 of the battery pack wall 120 when mounted to a battery pack (not shown). Accordingly, the body 332 is fixed to the battery pack wall 120 to prevent axial movement or displacement in both directions, i.e., into or out of the battery pack wall 120.

[0053] Further, the body 332 includes a plurality of orifices 344 formed on the inner side wall 164. The orifices 344 are arranged to be spaced about 45 degrees from each other relative to the central axis 116. In some embodiments, the orifices 344 can be arranged closer to each other or farther away from each other, and more or fewer orifices 344 can be provided. The membrane 348 is fixed to the inner side wall 164 within the gap 260 of the body 332 to at least partially cover the orifices 344. The membrane 348 can be fixed using an adhesive, glue, welding, fusion, molding or any suitable technique. The membrane 348 can be formed of a material with a thickness, diameter or shape to achieve a desired or required airflow through the membrane 348 into the channel 216 of the holder 112, thereby achieving a desired or required heat transfer and preventing the ingress and egress of substances (e.g., dust, debris, moisture, etc.). Since the membrane 348 and the orifice 344 are arranged in fluid communication with the chamber 172, the body 332 is configured to allow gas or air to pass through the orifice 344 and the membrane 348 into the gap 260 and downwardly toward the actuation surface 232 of the valve core 108 (see Figure 5 and Fig.10 ) to provide passive ventilation, and partial active ventilation can be achieved by partial displacement of the valve core 108, as described above.

[0054] Fig.10 and Fig.11A schematic diagram of a method of forming a foot 204 of a retainer 112 is depicted, the foot being depicted as being closed by a solid end. In particular, the foot 204 is shown in a preformed state in dashed lines. An axial force is applied to the foot 204 to axially compress and squeeze the preformed shape of the foot 204 into an outwardly flared and curled structure, as shown in solid lines. During this forming method, the retainer 112 is configured to preload the biasing element 128 with a tension force that holds the valve core 108 in a closed / unactuated position. Accordingly, the retainer forming method is preferably performed after the body 104 and valve core 108 are partially assembled, after the biasing element 128 is arranged around the barrel 196 of the valve core 108 and abuts against the seat 192 of the rod 188, and after the retainer 112 passes through the barrel 196 of the valve core 108 until the head 200 abuts the biasing element 128. Thus, the preload tension may be set to achieve a predetermined threshold for regulating the valve assembly 100, 312 to provide the desired active venting function.

[0055] Fig.12 Another embodiment of a retainer 368 for use with the valve assembly 100, 312 of the present disclosure is illustrated. The retainer 368 includes a plurality of components including a fastening portion 376 and a sleeve portion 380. The fastening portion 376 is arranged to have a foot 384 that abuts the valve core 108 and a solid shaft 388 that extends through the barrel 196 of the valve core 108 toward the second end 144 of the body 104. The fastening portion 376 is depicted as a rivet fastener, but may be other suitable fasteners, such as threaded fasteners, bolt fasteners, split pins, etc. The sleeve portion 380 is a hollow structure that includes a head 392 arranged proximate the second end 144 of the body 104 and a hollow shaft 396 that extends toward the first end 140 to engage and at least partially receive the solid shaft 388 of the fastening portion 376 of the retainer 368. In this manner, the retainer 368 includes a sleeve portion 380 coupled or assembled with the fastening portion 376 to provide a multi-component retaining structure. Fig.12 The valve core 108 is depicted as having a Fig.11 The edge 280 of the valve core 108 is compared to the edge 280 that protrudes axially in the opposite direction, away from the first end 140 of the body 104.

[0056] Fig.13Another embodiment of a valve assembly 408 of the present disclosure is depicted. In this embodiment, elements that are common (i.e., structurally and / or functionally identical or similar) to elements present in the valve assembly 100 are indicated by the same reference numerals. The body 104 has an inner rim 412 formed between the plate 180 and the inner sidewall 164 by, for example, stamping or drawing the plate 180 toward the second end 144 and away from the first end 140. Accordingly, the plate 180 is axially spaced from the first end 140 of the body 104, and the inner rim 412 has a U-shaped or curled structure that increases strength and resiliency. Further, the inner rim 412 is configured to engage the seal 276, which is received in an annular recess or groove 416 formed on the valve core 108. The groove 416 of the valve core 108 is configured to receive and retain the seal 276 therein to prevent the seal 276 from shifting or disengaging. Thus, the seal 276 and the valve core 108 are configured to move relative to the body 104 during operation. The seal 276 can be attached to the groove 416 of the valve core 108 by adhesive, interference fit, welding, fusion, or any suitable method. When the seal 276 is at least partially recessed into the groove 416, the valve core 108 also acts as a thermal barrier to limit or mitigate the seal 276 from contacting high temperatures, such as during thermal runaway of the battery pack (not shown). The groove 416 can be formed into a variety of cross-sectional shapes, including the U-shaped or semi-rectangular shapes shown, as well as semi-circular or semi-conical shapes, semi-elliptical shapes, semi-pyramidal shapes, or irregular shapes, which are configured to provide enhanced retention and protection of the seal 276. Additionally or alternatively, it is contemplated that the groove can be formed on the first end 140 of the body 104 so that the seal 276 remains on the body 104 when the valve core 108 moves toward or away during actuation.

[0057] Fig.14 Another embodiment is depicted with the inner rim 432 received within a seal groove 440 that is integrally formed to a seal 436 to partially wrap around the inner rim 432. Further, the seal 436 includes inwardly protruding nubs 444 that extend toward each other and engage or are received in corresponding pockets 448 formed within the inner rim 432 of the body 104. Accordingly, the seal 436 is configured to snap onto or resiliently compress the inner rim 432 to provide improved protection against ingress and egress between the body 104 and the valve cartridge 108 in the closed / unactuated position. Fig.14 The seal 436 also includes legs 452 that extend outwardly away from each other to increase the mating surface area along which the seal 436 is attached to the valve core 108. Accordingly, the valve core 108 is configured to move relative to the seal 436 during operation. Fig.15 Describes something like Fig.14The seal 464 of seal 436 but without the leg 452 extending therefrom.

[0058] Fig.16 Depicted is a seal 476 formed with an I-shaped cross-section and an inner rim 480 of the body 104 having a corresponding annular receptacle 484 in which an upper portion of the seal 476 is configured to be received in the closed / unactuated position. Fig.17 Seal 496 and seal groove 440 are depicted, similar to Fig.14 , but the seal 496 includes a widened or thickened lower end that is configured to be compressed or snapped into the groove 416 of the valve core 108 to improve retention thereon. Accordingly, the valve core 108 and the seal 496 are configured to move relative to the body 104 during operation.

[0059] Fig.18 The diagram shows Fig.13 108. The auxiliary seal 508 is configured as a wide, thin annular gasket having an outer end 512, a middle section 516, and an inner end 520. The outer end 512 is located around the flange 148 of the body 104 and extends outward beyond the valve core 108. The inner end 520 is located between the inner edge 412 of the body 104 and the valve core 108. In some embodiments, the auxiliary seal 508 is provided in place of the seal 276 and is configured to fit within the groove 416 of the valve core 108. The middle section 516 of the auxiliary seal 508 extends across and at least partially covers or encloses the gap 260 formed between the inner sidewall 164 and the outer sidewall 156 of the body 104. In this way, any gas or air that bypasses or passes through the tab 336 formed on the outer sidewall 156 is prevented or blocked from passing through the seal 508 and out of the valve assembly 408. Similarly, the secondary seal 508 prevents dust, debris, air, gas or other media from entering the valve assembly 408 and thus the battery pack. The inner end 520 of the secondary seal 508 can be formed to have a thickened U-shaped end with a preformed seal groove to provide an improved connection with the inner rim 412 of the body 104 and the groove 416 of the valve core 108.

[0060] Fig.19 Another embodiment of an auxiliary seal 532 is depicted, the auxiliary seal 532 having a lip 536 disposed on an outer end 540 to wrap over or snap fit onto the flange 148 of the body 104. Accordingly, the auxiliary seal 532 is attached to the body 104 and provides an additional sealing function between the flange 148 and the battery pack wall 120 (see Figure 5 ).

[0061] Fig. 20Another embodiment of a secondary seal 552 is illustrated having a clamp section 556 formed on an inner end 560 to wrap over or snap fit onto the rim 412 of the outer portion 240 of the valve core 108 .

[0062] Fig.21 An embodiment is depicted in which the first end 140 of the body 104 includes an internal step 572 located between the flange 148 and the outer sidewall 156. The internal step 572 is configured to receive the edge 280 of the outer portion 240 of the valve core 108 to perform the same operation as described above with respect to Fig.18 The internal step 572 can be formed by an inclined or angled section 576 extending from the flange 148 to the step 160. In this way, the internal step 572 and the valve core 108 provide a supplementary sealing function without adding another component, namely the supplementary seal 508. However, in some embodiments, the internal step 572 can be provided in addition to the supplementary seal 508 to provide further inlet and / or outlet protection.

[0063] Fig. 22 Another arrangement of the valve core 108 and the body 104 is depicted for providing a secondary sealing function, such as inlet and / or outlet protection. The rim 280 of the valve core 108 extends outwardly beyond the peripheral edge 152 of the flange 148 of the body 104. Accordingly, when the valve core 108 is in the closed / unactuated position, the outer portion 240 seats or abuts against the flange 148 at the first end 140 of the body 104 to provide inlet and / or outlet protection.

[0064] Fig.23 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the tab 596. The tab 596 is arranged to extend obliquely outward from the outer side wall 156 of the body 104, which allows air or gas to flow around the tab 596 and enter the gap 260 of the valve assembly 408. The tab 596 includes a cutout 600 in a circular or semicircular form, an enlarged opening provided at the hinge portion 340, to increase the flexibility of the tab 596 relative to the outer side wall 156. Further, the cutout 600 allows an increase in the flow rate of air or gas exchanged between the internal volume of the battery pack and the gap 260 of the valve assembly 408 (see Fig.13 ).

[0065] Fig.24A schematic diagram of another embodiment of a tab 612 is depicted, the tab being formed with an upper panel 616 and a lower panel 620 connected to each other by an intermediate hinge 624. The upper panel 616 and the lower panel 620 are both hingedly connected to the outer side wall 156 of the body 104, and thus, the tab 612 is configured to bend or rotate about a plurality of hinges to provide easier insertion and retention with the battery pack wall 120. Further, the upper panel 616 and the lower panel 620 are arranged to extend outwardly from the outer side wall 156 to provide additional space through which air or gas can flow into the gap 260 of the valve assembly 408 (see Fig.13 )middle.

[0066] Fig.25 1 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a tab 636 configured to extend obliquely outward from the outer sidewall 156 of the body 104. The tab 636 is formed as a snap feature that extends radially away from the outer sidewall 156 relative to the central axis 116 to provide a one-way retention feature for fixing or mounting the outer sidewall 156 to the battery pack wall 120 by rotation about the central axis 116. Fig.13 Compared to the orientation of the tab 336 of the outer sidewall 156, the tab 636 is rotated 90 degrees. In addition, a groove 640 can be provided along the outer sidewall 156 to guide or receive a portion of the battery pack wall 120 (such as a small block, protrusion, thread, etc.) that improves the connection between the outer sidewall 156 and the battery pack wall 120.

[0067] Fig.26 Yet another schematic diagram of a variety of tabs 648, 652, 656, 660 having variations in shape, size, and thickness is illustrated. For example, as tab 648 extends away from hinge portion 340, its width narrows or tapers. Tab 652 includes a larger radius of curvature adjacent hinge portion 340 to provide improved stress relief and airflow around tab 652. Tabs 656 and 660 are rotationally pre-set or bent at different outward angles. Further, tab 656 is thicker than tab 660. Accordingly, the flexibility, elasticity, rotational tendency, and / or size (e.g., width, length, thickness) of tabs 648, 652, 656, 660 can vary so as to provide improved insertion and / or retention functions when securing body 104 to battery pack wall 120, as well as providing improved pressure relief functions.

[0068] Fig. 27 and Fig.28 is a schematic diagram of raised features 668, 680 provided on the outer sidewall 156 of the body 104 for improved retention with the battery pack wall 120. The raised features 668, 680 do not include openings or channels through which air or gas can flow into the gap 260. Fig.28 Compared with the bump feature 680, Fig. 27 The bump feature 668 extends further outward from the outer side wall 156 .

[0069] Fig.29 A schematic diagram of a plug body 692 attached to a barrel 696 of a valve core 108 is depicted. The barrel 696 includes an outwardly extending tube flange 704 configured to receive and mate with a corresponding plug body flange 708. The plug body 692 includes a plug portion 712 that extends below the tube flange 704 in the barrel 696 to provide ingress and / or egress protection through the valve core 108. In some embodiments, the valve core 108 and the plug body 692 may be provided without a retainer.

[0070] Fig.30 A schematic diagram of a tertiary seal 724 is depicted, which is configured to be received between the foot 204 of the retainer 112 and the inner portion 248 of the valve core 108. The inner portion 248 of the valve core 108 can be provided with a tertiary groove 728 in which the tertiary seal 724 can be seated or retained. When assembled, the foot 204 of the retainer 112 is pressed against the inner portion 248 of the valve core 108 to further compress and engage the tertiary seal 724. Therefore, the tertiary seal 724 provides improved inlet and / or outlet protection.

[0071] Fig.31 Pictured Fig.13 14. A schematic diagram of a second end 144 of a body 104 of FIG. 14, the second end 144 having a beam 744 including a recess or groove 748 formed around the second end 144 and located between the inner sidewall 164 and the outer sidewall 156. The groove 748 is configured to receive an additional seal 752 that may be provided with a T-shaped cross-sectional shape. The additional seal 752 is attached to the second end 144 of the body 104 by adhesive, interference fit, welding, fusion, or any suitable means. In some embodiments, the additional seal 752 is attached to or snapped into the groove 748. In some embodiments, the additional seal 752 is attached to or snapped onto the groove 748, such as around or on the inner sidewall 164 and the outer sidewall 156. In some embodiments, the additional seal 752 is attached to or coupled to a cutout (not shown) formed on the groove 748, the outer sidewall 156, or the inner sidewall 164 of the body 104.

[0072] Fig.32 yes Figure 5100, which has a clip 764 configured to secure the membrane 224 to the head 200 of the retainer 112. The clip 764 can be formed of a metal or metal alloy material that can be different or similar to the material used to form the body 104 or the retainer 112. The clip 764 is preferably a one-piece, integral component that can be coupled to the head 200 by crimping, snapping, or compression without damaging the membrane 224. The clip 764 is formed to be annular and hollow so that the membrane 224 remains exposed to the internal cavity (not shown) of the battery pack while being secured to the head 200 to prevent dislodgement or removal.

[0073] Fig.33 Pictured Fig.10 Detailed partial view of a valve assembly of FIG. 1 having a clip 776 configured to secure the membrane 224 at a modified version of the foot 204 of the retainer 112. In the illustrated embodiment, the modified version of the foot 204 does not have a flared or curled portion, but is formed as an open end across which the membrane 224 is disposed. The clip 776 may be formed of a metal or metal alloy that may be different or similar to the material used to form the body 104 or the retainer 112. The clip 776 is preferably a one-piece, integral element that may be coupled to the foot 204 by snapping or interference fitting into the channel 216 of the retainer 112 without damaging the membrane 224. The clip 776 is formed to be annular and hollow so that the membrane 224 remains exposed to the surrounding environment while being secured to the foot 204 to prevent dislodgement or removal. It will be further appreciated that the plate 180 of the body 104 is provided with a modified vent 184 arrangement. It is contemplated that alternative arrangements may include an increased number of vents 184 than shown, such as smaller sized vents, to further reduce the effective surface area of ​​plate 180 and increase the flow of air or gas therethrough.

[0074] Fig.34 and Fig.35 An insulator 788 is depicted applied or disposed between the body 104 and the battery pack wall 120. More specifically, the insulator 788 is arranged to align or extend along the flange 148 and the outer sidewall 156 of the body 104. In some embodiments, the insulator 788 extends over the tab 336 that bends outward from the outer sidewall 156, which can reduce or prevent the gap 260 (see FIG. 26) between the internal volume of the battery pack and the interior of the body 104. Figure 5) between the battery pack wall 120 and the body 104. The insulator 788 is configured to insulate or separate the battery pack wall 120 from the body 104 to avoid direct contact between different metals, which may generally cause corrosion or damage in harsh or corrosive environments (such as, for example, in motor vehicle applications). The insulator 788 can be formed of a polymer or a coated metal structure. Further, the insulator 788 can be formed or molded separately from the body 104 and / or the battery pack wall 120 before being assembled or installed between the battery pack wall 120 and the body 104. In some embodiments, the insulator 788 is configured to facilitate the insertion, installation or retention of the body 104 in the battery pack wall 120. For example, the insulator 788 can increase the friction and compression forces experienced during the interference fit or push fit of the body 104 into the battery pack wall 120, thereby increasing the tightness of the installation. When the insulator 788 is formed of a material that melts at high temperatures (e.g., a polymer having a melting point lower than the temperature experienced during thermal runaway), the insulator 788 may melt or decompose at such high temperatures. However, the insulator 788 may be resilient or deformable, which may facilitate sliding or relative movement of the body 104 into the battery pack wall 120 while still enabling retention features (eg, the tabs 336 and flanges 148 ) to secure the body 104 to the battery pack wall 120 .

[0075] Figure 36 to Figure 38 An embodiment of an insulator 804 is depicted that includes a plurality of protrusions 808 to serve as a retention feature. The insulator 804 includes protrusions 808 around an inner edge 812 and an outer edge 816. The protrusions 808 can be spaced apart from one another and arranged in various configurations. For example, the protrusions 808 can be disposed at different heights or locations along the inner edge 812 or the outer edge 816. Fig.36 A greater or lesser number of protrusions 808 may be provided on the insulator 804 shown. Additionally, the insulator 804 may include a slit 820 passing through the inner edge 812, the outer edge 816, and the insulator flange 824. The slit 820 allows the insulator 804 to be more easily installed around the body 104 and within the battery pack wall 120. Fig.38 In the illustrated embodiment, the insulator 804 does not cover the tab 336 of the body 104 or extend over it.

[0076] Although various spatial and directional terms such as top, bottom, lower, middle, lateral, horizontal, vertical, front, etc. may be used to describe embodiments of the present disclosure, it should be understood that such terms are used only with respect to the orientations shown in the accompanying drawings. These orientations may be reversed, rotated, or otherwise changed so that an upper portion is a lower portion, vice versa, horizontal becomes vertical, etc.

[0077] Variations and modifications of the foregoing are within the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed and defined herein extend to all alternative combinations of two or more individual features mentioned in the text and / or drawings or apparent from the text and / or drawings. All of these different combinations constitute various alternative aspects of the present disclosure. The claims should be interpreted as including alternative embodiments to the extent permitted by the prior art.

[0078] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, although embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in conjunction with specific embodiments and examples, the present disclosure is not necessarily limited thereto, and many other embodiments, examples, uses, modifications and deviations to embodiments, examples and uses are intended to be covered by the appended claims. Various features and advantages of the present invention are set forth in the following claims.

Claims

1. A valve assembly for a battery pack, include: a body having a flange extending from an outer sidewall at a first end, an inner sidewall defining a chamber, and a plate disposed between the first end and a second end, wherein the plate includes a plurality of slots formed therethrough, and wherein the body is a unitary component formed of a metallic material; a valve core operably coupled to the first end of the body; A sealing element, the sealing element being disposed between a portion of the valve core and the body; a retainer, wherein the retainer is centrally disposed in the body and is configured to connect the valve core to the body; and Biasing element.

2. The valve assembly according to claim 1, in, The valve assembly includes a membrane attached to at least one of the retainer or the body, the membrane being configured to provide passive pressure relief when the valve element is in a closed position.

3. The valve assembly according to claim 2, in, The membrane is coupled to a head portion of the retainer proximate the second end of the body and at least partially covers a passage formed through the retainer.

4. The valve assembly according to claim 2, in, The membrane is coupled to a foot of the retainer proximate the first end of the body and at least partially covers a passage formed through the retainer.

5. The valve assembly according to claim 2, in, The membrane is secured to the holder by a ring clip.

6. The valve assembly according to claim 2, in, The membrane is disposed about a plurality of apertures formed through the inner sidewall of the body, the membrane being disposed within a gap in fluid communication with the chamber of the body.

7. A valve assembly for a battery pack, include: a body including a first end and an opposite second end and defining a central axis therethrough; a valve core having a rim operably coupled to the first end of the body and a barrel extending toward the second end of the body, the valve core and the body being coaxially aligned along the central axis; as well as A retainer extends through the barrel and couples the valve core to the body, wherein the body includes a plurality of vents that are selectively opened or closed by displacement of the valve core relative to the first end of the body.

8. The valve assembly according to claim 7, in, The body includes a plurality of tabs disposed on an outer sidewall, each tab extending outwardly from the outer sidewall relative to the central axis.

9. The valve assembly according to claim 8, in, Each tab has a hinge portion about which the tab is configured to rotate during mounting of the body with a battery pack wall of the battery pack.

10. The valve assembly according to claim 9, in, The plurality of tabs are integrally formed with the body as a unitary structure.

11. The valve assembly according to claim 7, in, The plurality of vents are sized differently relative to one another.

12. The valve assembly according to claim 7, in, The plurality of vents are radially spaced about the central axis.

13. The valve assembly according to claim 7, in, The body includes an inner sidewall defining a chamber, an annular gap between an outer sidewall and the inner sidewall, and a stem configured to guide the cylinder of the valve core during operation, and wherein the body is integrally formed as a unitary structure.

14. The valve assembly according to claim 7, in, A biasing element is connected to the retainer to have a tension preload set by axially compressing the retainer.

15. A valve assembly for a battery pack, include: a body defining a central axis, the body including a first end and an opposite second end, a plate disposed between the first end and the second end, a plurality of vents formed through the plate, and a stem centrally disposed on the plate; a valve core operably attached to the first end of the body, the valve core having a barrel extending toward the second end of the body; and a retainer having a shaft disposed within the cylinder of the valve core, the shaft connecting the head of the retainer to the foot, wherein a biasing element is operably coupled between the head of the retainer and a seat formed on the stem, and wherein the barrel of the valve core abuts the head of the retainer.

16. The valve assembly of claim 15, in, A sealing member is provided between the inner edge of the body and a portion of the valve core.

17. The valve assembly of claim 16, in, The seal is configured to be retained on the inner rim of the body such that the valve element moves relative to the seal during operation.

18. The valve assembly of claim 16, in, The seal is configured to be retained on the valve plug such that the seal moves relative to the body during operation.

19. The valve assembly of claim 15, in, An insulator is configured to be disposed between the body and a battery pack wall of the battery pack.

20. The valve assembly of claim 15, in, A seal is provided between the valve element and the foot of the retainer.

Images