A Ka-band 2000W continuous wave power amplifier

Abstract

The present invention discloses a Ka-band 2000W continuous wave power amplifier, comprising a drive control module, a power divider, an eight-way power amplifier module, a power combiner, and a monitoring module. The drive control module is configured to drive, amplify, and level-adjust an input low-power signal, outputting a primary power signal. The power divider is configured to divide the primary power signal into eight equal-amplitude primary power signals. Each power amplifier module is configured to amplify a single equal-amplitude primary power signal to obtain a single intermediate power signal. The power combiner is configured to combine the eight intermediate power signals into one, outputting a final power signal. The monitoring module is configured to monitor and protect the primary power signal, the eight intermediate power signals, and the final power signal. Each power amplifier module includes an amplitude and phase adjustment circuit, a traveling wave tube amplifier, and a control and protection circuit. The present invention achieves low-loss, high-power transmission capability of a Ka-band 2000W continuous wave through the distribution and combination of the eight power signals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of deep space exploration satellite communications, and in particular relates to a Ka-band 2000W continuous wave power amplifier. Background Art

[0002] Currently, there are few kilowatt-class power amplifiers suitable for Ka-band deep space exploration, both domestically and internationally. With the advancement of measurement and control technology and the increasing demand, the need is becoming increasingly urgent. To meet the future demands of Ka-band deep space exploration, improve ground-based uplink transmission capabilities, master a series of key Ka-band high-power amplifier technologies, increase technical maturity, accumulate experience for future engineering applications, and lay a technical foundation, it is necessary to conduct research on high-power, wide-bandwidth high-power amplifier technologies.

[0003] Chinese utility model patent publication number CN205829581U discloses a Ka-band 400W continuous-wave solid-state high-power amplifier, comprising a driver and monitoring module, a splitter module, a final power amplifier module, a combiner module, and a microwave component module. This solid-state high-power amplifier utilizes a non-binary design of the waveguide splitting and combining networks, enabling the amplifier to reach the 100-watt level. However, 100-watt Ka-band transmitters are no longer sufficient to meet future exploration needs. Therefore, researchers urgently need to develop ground-based Ka-band kilowatt-class continuous-wave high-power amplifiers to enhance my country's deep-space tracking and control capabilities in the Ka-band. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, achieve kilowatt-level continuous wave power output in the Ka band, and provide a Ka-band 2000W continuous wave power amplifier.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A Ka-band 2000W continuous wave power amplifier, comprising a drive control module, a power divider, an eight-channel power amplifier module, a power combiner, and a monitoring module;

[0007] The drive control module is used to drive, amplify and level-adjust the input low-power signal and output the primary power signal;

[0008] The power divider is used to divide the primary power signal into eight equal-amplitude primary power signals;

[0009] Each power amplifier module is used to amplify a single-channel primary power signal of equal amplitude to obtain a single-channel intermediate power signal;

[0010] The power combiner is used to combine eight single-channel intermediate power signals into one channel and output the final power signal;

[0011] The monitoring module is connected to the drive control module and each power amplifier module respectively, and is used to monitor and protect the primary power signal, the eight intermediate power signals and the final power signal;

[0012] Each power amplifier module includes an amplitude and phase adjustment circuit and a traveling wave tube amplifier. The output end of the amplitude and phase adjustment circuit is connected to the signal input end of the traveling wave tube amplifier. The amplitude and phase adjustment circuit is used to perform amplitude adjustment and phase adjustment on the input single-channel equal-amplitude primary power signal and output the signal after amplitude and phase adjustment. The single-channel intermediate power signal traveling wave tube amplifier is used to excite and amplify the signal after amplitude and phase adjustment and then output a single-channel intermediate power signal.

[0013] The present invention realizes a Ka-band continuous wave high-power amplifier, drives and amplifies the input signal and controls the level through a driving control unit; adopts a power amplifier module with a traveling wave tube to increase the output power of each power amplifier module, so that each power amplifier module can output a high-power continuous wave; and adopts an eight-channel power amplifier module to reduce the synthesis network, reduce the difficulty of debugging, and reduce the overall size of the amplifier; and monitors and controls the power amplifier module and the driving control module through a monitoring module.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a first power coupler, the input end of the first power coupler is connected to the output end of the power combiner, the first output end of the first power coupler is used to output the final-stage power main signal, the second output end of the first power coupler is connected to the first detector, the output end of the first detector is connected to the monitoring module, the first power coupler is used to couple the final-stage power signal and output the final-stage power coupled signal for detection, the first detector is used to detect the final-stage power coupled signal and output a first detection signal, and the monitoring module is used to monitor and protect the first detection signal.

[0015] Preferably, the drive control module includes a first isolator, a linearizer, a first amplifier, a voltage-controlled attenuator, a second amplifier, a radio frequency switch and a second isolator connected in sequence; the input end of the first isolator is used to receive a low-power signal, and the output end of the second isolator is used to output a primary power signal.

[0016] Preferably, the drive control module also includes a second power coupler, the input end of the second power coupler is connected to the output end of the first isolator, the first output end of the second power coupler is connected to the second detector, the output end of the second detector is connected to the monitoring module, the second output end of the second power coupler is used to connect to an external load, the second power coupler is used to couple out a low-power signal isolated by the first isolator, the second detector is used to detect the signal coupled out by the second power coupler and then output a second detection signal, and the monitoring module is used to monitor and protect the second detection signal.

[0017] Preferably, each power amplifier module further includes a third power coupler and a third detector, the input end of the third power coupler is connected to the signal output end of the traveling wave tube amplifier, the first output end of the third power coupler is used to output a single-channel intermediate power signal, the second output end of the third power coupler is connected to the third detector, the output end of the third detector is connected to the monitoring module, the third power coupler is used to couple out a single-channel intermediate power signal; the third detector is used to detect the coupled single-channel intermediate power signal and then output a third detection signal, and the monitoring module is used to monitor and protect the third detection signal.

[0018] Preferably, the monitoring module includes a monitoring mainboard and an interface component. The monitoring mainboard includes a CPU. The CPU is connected to an IO interface circuit, an AD sampling circuit, a network module or a 485 transmission module. The 485 transmission module is connected to each power amplifier module. The AD sampling circuit is used to connect to the output end of the first detector, the output end of the second detector or the output end of the third detector. The IO interface circuit is used to connect to a linearizer, a radio frequency switch or a voltage-controlled attenuator. The network module is used to connect to a remote control device.

[0019] The AD sampling circuit is used to collect, convert, sample and process the input level, output power and reflected power. The IO interface circuit is used to control the voltage-controlled attenuation and RF suppression or permission functions, and to adjust the output power of the drive control module in a small range. The network module is used to connect to the remote control device, receive the power setting command, and adjust the output power of the voltage-controlled attenuator.

[0020] Preferably, a control and protection circuit is provided inside each power amplifier module, and the monitoring mainboard is connected to the control and protection circuit. The control and protection circuit includes a temperature protection circuit and a reflection protection circuit. The input end of the reflection protection circuit is connected to the output end of the third detector, and the output end of the reflection protection circuit and the output end of the temperature protection circuit are both connected to the input end of the monitoring module.

[0021] Preferably, the heat dissipation module is further included, the heat dissipation module includes a main heat sink and a secondary heat sink that are symmetrically arranged, the main heat sink includes a main cold plate and main heat dissipation ribs, the main cold plate is arranged at the outer end of the main heat dissipation ribs, the secondary heat sink includes a secondary cold plate and secondary heat dissipation ribs, the secondary cold plate is arranged at the outer end of the secondary heat dissipation ribs, and a pressure isolation rib is provided between the inner end of the main heat dissipation rib and the inner end of the secondary heat dissipation rib;

[0022] The main cold plate is provided with a heat conduction pipe group for conducting heat from the inside of the main cold plate to the outside. A plurality of cooling fans are arranged side by side at one of the heat conduction ends of the main cold plate. The heat conduction pipe group includes a main heat conduction pipe group and a slave heat conduction pipe group with opposite heat conduction directions. The main heat conduction pipe group and the slave heat conduction pipe group both include multiple heat conduction pipes arranged side by side.

[0023] Preferably, the system further includes a power supply module for providing operating voltage, the power supply module including a high-voltage power supply connected to the traveling wave tube amplifier and the monitoring module. The high-voltage power supply provides appropriate operating voltage to each electrode of the traveling wave tube amplifier to ensure normal operation of the traveling wave tube amplifier. The heat dissipation device promptly dissipates heat from the device to ensure that the device operates within a reasonable temperature range.

[0024] Preferably, the power combiner adopts a Ka-band kilowatt-class continuous wave broadband eight-way power combiner with a waveguide H-plane coupling bridge, and the structure of the power divider is symmetrical to the power combiner. The power divider includes a cavity, an input waveguide interface arranged on the front side of the cavity, and eight output waveguide interfaces arranged on the rear side of the cavity.

[0025] This invention achieves eight-way traveling wave tube power synthesis within the 4 GHz bandwidth of the Ka band. By employing a traveling wave tube amplifier and eight-way branching and synthesis, it achieves low-loss, high-power transmission capability of 2000W continuous wave. The use of eight traveling wave tubes for power amplification enables synthesis of multiple power amplification channels based on vacuum tubes, thereby increasing the power capacity of the power amplifier. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the driving control module of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of each power amplifier module of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a power combiner or power divider of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the monitoring module of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal right side structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal left side structure of the present invention

[0035] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the internal rear structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the chassis structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 It is the main radiator temperature simulation diagram of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 12 It is an internal physical diagram of the present invention.

[0039] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1: drive control module; 2: power distributor; 3: power amplifier module; 4: power combiner; 5: first power coupler; 6: monitoring module; 701: main radiator; 702: auxiliary radiator; 703: cooling fan; 8: high-voltage power supply; 9: box; 10: cooling hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a Ka-band 2000W continuous wave power amplifier, which includes a drive control module, a power divider, an eight-way power amplifier module, a power combiner, a monitoring module, a first power coupler, a power supply module and a heat dissipation module.

[0041] The drive control module is used to drive, amplify, and level-adjust the input low-power signal, outputting a primary power signal; the power distributor is used to divide the primary power signal into eight equal-amplitude primary power signals; each power amplifier module is used to amplify a single equal-amplitude primary power signal to obtain a single intermediate power signal; the power combiner is used to combine the eight intermediate power signals into one, outputting a final power signal; the monitoring module is connected to the drive control module and each power amplifier module, respectively, and is used to monitor and protect the primary power signal, the eight intermediate power signals, and the final power signal. The input end of the first power coupler is connected to the output end of the power combiner, the first output end of the first power coupler is used to output the final power main signal, the second output end of the first power coupler is connected to the first detector, the output end of the first detector is connected to the monitoring module, the first power coupler is used to couple the final power signal, and output the final power coupled signal for detection, the first detector is used to detect the final power coupled signal and output a first detection signal, and the monitoring module is used to monitor and protect the first detection signal.

[0042] In this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the drive control module includes a first isolator T1, a linearizer L1, a first amplifier A1, a voltage-controlled attenuator U1, a second amplifier A2, a radio frequency switch K1, and a second isolator T2, which are connected in sequence. The input end of the first isolator T1 is used to receive a low-power signal, and the output end of the second isolator T2 is used to output a primary power signal. The drive control module also includes a second power coupler G1, the input end of the second power coupler G1 is connected to the output end of the first isolator T1, the first output end of the second power coupler G1 is connected to the second detector D2, the output end of the second detector D2 is connected to the monitoring module, and the second output end of the second power coupler G1 is used to connect to an external load. The second power coupler G1 is used to couple out the low-power signal isolated by the first isolator T1. The second detector D2 is used to detect the signal coupled out by the second power coupler G1 and output a second detection signal. The monitoring module is used to monitor and protect the second detection signal.

[0043] In this embodiment, Figure 3As shown, each power amplifier module includes an amplitude-phase adjustment circuit, a traveling wave tube amplifier, a third power coupler, and a third detector. The output of the amplitude-phase adjustment circuit is connected to the signal input of the traveling wave tube amplifier. The amplitude-phase adjustment circuit is used to adjust the amplitude and phase of the input single-channel equal-amplitude primary power signal and output the amplitude-phase adjusted signal. The traveling wave tube amplifier is used to excite and amplify the amplitude-phase adjusted signal and output a single-channel intermediate power signal. The input of the third power coupler is connected to the signal output of the traveling wave tube amplifier. The first output of the third power coupler is used to output the single-channel intermediate power signal. The second output of the third power coupler is connected to the third detector. The output of the third detector is connected to the monitoring module. The third power coupler is used to couple out the single-channel intermediate power signal. The third detector is used to detect the coupled single-channel intermediate power signal and output a third detection signal. The monitoring module is used to monitor and protect the third detection signal.

[0044] In this embodiment, each power amplifier module can achieve a continuous wave power output of approximately 350W. By using a traveling wave tube with a single tube output power of large power, the output power of each power amplifier module is increased, the synthesis network is shortened, the difficulty of amplifier debugging is reduced, and the overall size of the amplifier is reduced.

[0045] A control and protection circuit is also provided inside each power amplifier module. The monitoring mainboard is connected to the control and protection circuit. The control and protection circuit includes a temperature protection circuit and a reflection protection circuit. The input end of the reflection protection circuit is connected to the output end of the third detector, and the output end of the reflection protection circuit and the output end of the temperature protection circuit are both connected to the input end of the monitoring module.

[0046] The control circuit is used to provide reflection protection and temperature protection. The reflection protection couples a single intermediate power signal through the third power coupler, outputs a third detection signal through the third detector, and then compares the DC voltage value of the third detection signal with the preset voltage value through the reflection protection circuit, and compares the reflected power value of the third detection signal with the preset reflected power value. If the DC voltage value or the reflected power value exceeds the preset voltage value or the reflected power value, the reflection protection circuit outputs a reflection control signal to the monitoring module. For example, the final output power of the present invention is 2000W, and the total reflected power of each power amplifier module reaches 160W. At this time, the standing wave of the whole machine is about 1.8, and this time is set as the reflection power protection point. That is, when the reflected power of each power amplifier module is ≥160W, the reflection protection circuit outputs a reflection control signal to the monitoring module. The temperature protection performs temperature detection on the power amplifier module through the temperature protection circuit. When the temperature of the protection point exceeds the preset temperature value, for example, the preset temperature value is 100°C, the temperature protection circuit outputs a temperature control signal to the monitoring module.

[0047] In this embodiment, Figure 4As shown, the power combiner utilizes a Ka-band kilowatt-class continuous-wave broadband eight-way power combiner with a waveguide H-plane coupling bridge. The structure of the power divider is symmetrical to the power combiner, and the power divider includes a cavity, an input waveguide interface disposed at the front of the cavity, and eight output waveguide interfaces disposed at the rear of the cavity. By utilizing a power combiner and power coupler with a waveguide H-plane coupling bridge, the effects of sideband dropout at each port under broadband conditions can be effectively reduced, greatly broadening the transmission bandwidth and achieving excellent transmission characteristics. The Ka-band kilowatt-class continuous-wave broadband eight-way power combiner has been described in Chinese invention patent publication number CN118099697A and will not be further elaborated in the present invention.

[0048] In this embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the monitoring module includes a monitoring mainboard and an interface component. The monitoring mainboard includes a CPU. The CPU is connected to the IO interface circuit, the AD sampling circuit, the network module or the 485 transmission module. The 485 transmission module is connected to each power amplifier module. The AD sampling circuit is used to connect to the output end of the first detector, the output end of the second detector or the output end of the third detector. The IO interface circuit is used to connect to the linearizer, the RF switch or the voltage-controlled attenuator. The network module is used to connect to the remote control device.

[0049] In this embodiment, a monitoring module is used to set the power of a voltage-controlled attenuator, controlling and adjusting the output power and accuracy of the final-stage power coupling signal coupled by the first power coupler. The specific process is as follows: the monitoring module receives a preset power command output by a remote control device, calculates a preset attenuation value based on the preset power command, adjusts the voltage of the voltage-controlled attenuator to set the attenuation, compares the output power of the collected final-stage power coupling signal with the preset power, calculates the actual attenuation value based on the difference between the output power and the preset power, and adjusts the attenuation of the voltage-controlled attenuator based on the difference between the actual attenuation value and the preset attenuation value, so that the output power of the collected final-stage power coupling signal approaches the preset power value.

[0050] The monitoring module controls the voltage-controlled attenuator, RF suppression or enabling functions through the IO interface circuit; receives the second detection signal through the AD sampling circuit to collect the input level, receives the third detection signal and the final power coupling signal to collect, convert, sample and process the output power and reflected power, collects information in real time and reports it for display.

[0051] In this embodiment, the power supply module includes a high-voltage power supply, and the high-voltage power supply is connected to the traveling wave tube amplifier and the monitoring module.

[0052] In this embodiment, Figure 6-9As shown, in order to improve the heat dissipation capacity and quickly dissipate the heat in the amplifier, the heat dissipation module includes a symmetrically arranged main heat sink 701 and a secondary heat sink 702. The main heat sink 701 includes a main cold plate and main heat dissipation ribs. The main cold plate is arranged at the outer end of the main heat dissipation ribs. The secondary heat sink 702 includes a secondary cold plate and secondary heat dissipation ribs. The secondary cold plate is arranged at the outer end of the secondary heat dissipation ribs. Pressure isolation ribs are arranged between the inner ends of the main heat dissipation ribs and the inner ends of the secondary heat dissipation ribs.

[0053] The main cold plate is equipped with a heat pipe assembly that conducts heat from its interior to the exterior. Multiple cooling fans 703 are located side by side at one of the main cold plate's heat extraction ends. The heat pipe assembly includes a main heat pipe assembly and a secondary heat pipe assembly, each with multiple heat pipes arranged side by side. To improve heat dissipation efficiency, a cooling fan 703 is also located side by side at one end of the secondary cold plate, below the cooling fan 703 on the main cold plate.

[0054] In this embodiment, when the saturated output power of a single traveling wave tube amplifier is approximately 350W, its efficiency is approximately 32%. Therefore, the power consumption of a single traveling wave tube amplifier is approximately 1100W, and the heat dissipation is approximately 750W. Because the heat dissipation problem of the present invention primarily lies in the high heat density, the heat dissipation power of each power amplifier module reaches approximately 1000W, but the heat dissipation surface area between it and the heat dissipation module is relatively small. Therefore, the main cold plate of the main heat sink 701 is positioned below the drive control module 1, power distributor 2, eight-way power amplifier module 3, power combiner 4, and monitoring module 5. The secondary cold plate of the secondary heat sink 702 is positioned below the high-voltage power supply 8. A heat pipe assembly is used to conduct heat in two directions toward the main cold plate, thereby achieving rapid and uniform heat dissipation across the entire heat dissipation surface.

[0055] In this embodiment, the auxiliary radiator 702 has a large difference in the heat dissipation power carried by the main radiator 701 of the traveling wave tube amplifier and the auxiliary radiator 702 of the high-voltage power supply 8. Therefore, the number of required cooling fans and the wind pressure of the air duct are quite different. In order to ensure the heat dissipation capacity of the main radiator 701 and the auxiliary radiator 702, different heat dissipation forms need to be adopted, including the height and thickness of the heat dissipation fins, the gap of the air duct, the pressure in the air duct, etc. In this embodiment, a thermal simulation analysis is performed on the main radiator 701, and the cooling fans are arranged side by side. The thermal conductivity of the heat pipe of the heat pipe group is set to 10000 (w / m·k). The simulated ambient temperature is 50°C, and forced air cooling is used for heat dissipation. The simulation results are as follows: Figure 11 From the simulation results, when the ambient temperature is 50°C, the main radiator 701 is equipped with a heat pipe group and seven cooling fans 703 for forced heat dissipation, and the maximum temperature rise is 21.3°C. In other words, the main radiator has high heat dissipation efficiency and can achieve rapid heat dissipation of the power amplifier.

[0056] In this embodiment, Figure 10As shown, the power amplifier is placed in a box 9, which has dimensions of approximately 922mm (length) × 886mm (height) × 460mm (width). To ensure the stability and structural strength of each structural unit, a distributed frame is provided inside the box 9 to provide support, save space, and improve integration. The frame is fixed and reinforced with steel bars. The air duct of the cooling fan 703 of the heat dissipation module is connected to the outside of the box 9. Multiple cooling holes 10 are provided on the outer wall of the box 9. Figure 12 As shown, the power divider 2 and the power combiner 4 are both integrated to increase the mechanical performance of the power amplifier and improve the performance and reliability of the power amplifier. The waveguide components of the present invention are all cut and processed using high-speed CNC machining machines to ensure the accuracy of the power amplifier.

[0057] This invention achieves eight-way traveling wave tube power synthesis within the 4 GHz bandwidth of the Ka band. By using a traveling wave tube amplifier and eight-way branching and synthesis, it achieves low-loss, high-power transmission capability of 2000W continuous wave. This achieves synthesis of multiple power amplification channels based on vacuum tubes, thereby increasing the power capacity of the power amplifier.

[0058] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A Ka-band 2000W continuous wave power amplifier, characterized in that: It includes drive control module, power distributor, eight-channel power amplifier module, power combiner and monitoring module; The drive control module is used to drive, amplify and level-adjust the input low-power signal and output the primary power signal; The power divider is used to divide the primary power signal into eight equal-amplitude primary power signals; Each power amplifier module is used to amplify a single-channel primary power signal of equal amplitude to obtain a single-channel intermediate power signal; The power combiner is used to combine eight single-channel intermediate power signals into one channel and output the final power signal; The monitoring module is connected to the drive control module and each power amplifier module respectively, and is used to monitor and protect the primary power signal, the eight intermediate power signals and the final power signal; Each power amplifier module includes an amplitude and phase adjustment circuit and a traveling wave tube amplifier. The output end of the amplitude and phase adjustment circuit is connected to the signal input end of the traveling wave tube amplifier. The amplitude and phase adjustment circuit is used to perform amplitude adjustment and phase adjustment on the input single-channel equal-amplitude primary power signal and output the signal after amplitude and phase adjustment. The traveling wave tube amplifier is used to excite and amplify the signal after amplitude and phase adjustment and then output a single-channel intermediate power signal.

2. The Ka-band 2000W continuous wave power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first power coupler, the input end of the first power coupler is connected to the output end of the power combiner, the first output end of the first power coupler is used to output the final-stage power main signal, the second output end of the first power coupler is connected to the first detector, the output end of the first detector is connected to the monitoring module, the first power coupler is used to couple the final-stage power signal and output the final-stage power coupled signal for detection, the first detector is used to detect the final-stage power coupled signal and output a first detection signal, and the monitoring module is used to monitor and protect the first detection signal.

3. The Ka-band 2000W continuous wave power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive control module includes a first isolator, a linearizer, a first amplifier, a voltage-controlled attenuator, a second amplifier, a radio frequency switch and a second isolator connected in sequence; the input end of the first isolator is used to receive a low-power signal, and the output end of the second isolator is used to output a primary power signal.

4. The Ka-band 2000W continuous wave power amplifier according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive control module also includes a second power coupler, the input end of the second power coupler is connected to the output end of the first isolator, the first output end of the second power coupler is connected to the second detector, the output end of the second detector is connected to the monitoring module, the second output end of the second power coupler is used to be connected to an external load, the second power coupler is used to couple out a low-power signal isolated by the first isolator, the second detector is used to detect the signal coupled out by the second power coupler and then output a second detection signal, and the monitoring module is used to monitor and protect the second detection signal.

5. The Ka-band 2000W continuous wave power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each power amplifier module also includes a third power coupler and a third detector. The input end of the third power coupler is connected to the signal output end of the traveling wave tube amplifier. The first output end of the third power coupler is used to output a single-channel intermediate power signal. The second output end of the third power coupler is connected to the third detector. The output end of the third detector is connected to the monitoring module. The third power coupler is used to couple out a single-channel intermediate power signal. The third detector is used to detect the coupled single-channel intermediate power signal and then output a third detection signal. The monitoring module is used to monitor and protect the third detection signal.

6. The Ka-band 2000W continuous wave power amplifier according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The monitoring module includes a monitoring mainboard and an interface component. The monitoring mainboard includes a CPU. The CPU is connected to an IO interface circuit, an AD sampling circuit, a network module or a 485 transmission module. The 485 transmission module is connected to each power amplifier module. The AD sampling circuit is used to connect to the output end of the first detector, the output end of the second detector or the output end of the third detector. The IO interface circuit is used to connect to a linearizer, a radio frequency switch or a voltage-controlled attenuator. The network module is used to connect to a remote control device.

7. The Ka-band 2000W continuous wave power amplifier according to claim 5, characterized in that: A control and protection circuit is provided inside each power amplifier module, and the monitoring mainboard is connected to the control and protection circuit. The control and protection circuit includes a temperature protection circuit and a reflection protection circuit. The input end of the reflection protection circuit is connected to the output end of the third detector, and the output end of the reflection protection circuit and the output end of the temperature protection circuit are both connected to the input end of the monitoring module.

8. The Ka-band 2000W continuous wave power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a heat dissipation module, which includes a main heat sink and a secondary heat sink that are symmetrically arranged. The main heat sink includes a main cold plate and main heat dissipation ribs, and the main cold plate is arranged at the outer end of the main heat dissipation ribs. The secondary heat sink includes a secondary cold plate and secondary heat dissipation ribs, and the secondary cold plate is arranged at the outer end of the secondary heat dissipation ribs. A pressure isolation rib is arranged between the inner end of the main heat dissipation rib and the inner end of the secondary heat dissipation rib; The main cold plate is provided with a heat conduction pipe group for conducting heat from the inside of the main cold plate to the outside. A plurality of cooling fans are arranged side by side at one of the heat conduction ends of the main cold plate. The heat conduction pipe group includes a main heat conduction pipe group and a slave heat conduction pipe group with opposite heat conduction directions. The main heat conduction pipe group and the slave heat conduction pipe group both include multiple heat conduction pipes arranged side by side.

9. The Ka-band 2000W continuous wave power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a power supply module for providing an operating voltage. The power supply module includes a high-voltage power supply. The high-voltage power supply is connected to the traveling wave tube amplifier and the monitoring module.

10. The Ka-band 2000W continuous wave power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power combiner adopts a Ka-band kilowatt-class continuous wave broadband eight-way power combiner with a waveguide H-plane coupling bridge. The structure of the power divider is symmetrical to the power combiner. The power divider includes a cavity, an input waveguide interface arranged on the front side of the cavity, and eight output waveguide interfaces arranged on the rear side of the cavity.

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