Gateway device for distributed photovoltaic and photovoltaic station

Abstract

The invention relates to a distributed photovoltaic gateway device and a photovoltaic station, and belongs to the technical field of network connection. Comprising a telecontrol device, a group dispatching and group control device, a longitudinal encryption device and a router, the telecontrol device and the group dispatching and group control device are jointly integrated on a first circuit board, the longitudinal encryption device is arranged on a second circuit board, the router is arranged on a third circuit board, and a pin header and female header connector is arranged between the first circuit board and the second circuit board. The hardware connection of the first circuit board and the second circuit board is realized; and a special line is arranged between the second circuit board and the third circuit board so as to realize hardware connection of the second circuit board and the third circuit board. When the integrated telecontrol device and the integrated group dispatching and group control device establish a channel with the dispatcher, only one channel needs to be established, that is, the dispatcher only needs to distribute one IP to be matched with the integrated telecontrol and group dispatching and group control to realize a complete telecontrol and group dispatching and group control scheme, the debugging time can be saved, and the access dispatching is relatively simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a gateway device and a photovoltaic station for distributed photovoltaics, belonging to the technical field of network connection. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy technology, new energy power generation has become the largest source of electricity consumption. There are many ways to generate new energy, such as wind power generation, solar power generation, nuclear power generation, hydropower generation, etc. Among them, solar power generation accounts for a large proportion and has the best development prospects.

[0003] Photovoltaic power generation is an important way of generating solar power. In the photovoltaic power generation system, the user side of the distributed power grid connection point needs to forward the relevant data of the grid connection cabinet, busbar measurement and control device, watt-hour meter and inverter to the dispatching system. The dispatching system regulates the inverter according to the power generation, useful power and useless power. In the process of forwarding the data of each device to the dispatching system and the process of the dispatching system regulating the inverter, a secure channel for communication needs to be established.

[0004] The traditional channel construction is that the dispatcher builds a dispatch data network cabinet, a telecontrol cabinet and a group dispatch control cabinet in the secondary cabin of the photovoltaic station. The dispatch data network cabinet contains two devices, routing and vertical density. Then the dispatch data network cabinet builds a wireless channel with the dispatcher through routing and vertical density, and then establishes a collection and forwarding channel with the telemotor in the telecontrol cabinet. When performing group dispatch and group control, the group dispatch and group control machine will establish a network channel with the dispatcher again. Therefore, the traditional channel construction method has the following shortcomings: ① Access and dispatching difficulties: The telecontrol cabinet and the group dispatching and control cabinet are two independent devices, so a complete telecontrol and group dispatching and control solution needs to build two channels, that is, the dispatching needs to provide two IPs for separate configuration; ② High access cost: The traditional solution requires four independent devices, including telecontrol (telecontrol cabinet), group dispatching and control (group dispatching and control cabinet), vertical encryption (vertical encryption device) and 5G communication gateway (5G router). The separate procurement, wiring and space occupation of these four devices require a lot of manpower, material and financial resources, which greatly increases the access cost; ③ Difficult operation and maintenance: In the process of using the traditional solution, when a problem occurs in a certain link in the channel, it is necessary to check the switching of each device one by one. This process brings a huge workload and cannot quickly locate and solve the problem.

[0005] With the accelerated construction of new power systems, large-scale development and high-proportion grid connection of new energy such as distributed photovoltaics, distributed photovoltaics, small-scale energy storage, small-scale clean power generation and other diversified sites need to cooperate with the dispatching data network cabinets, telecontrol cabinets and group dispatching and control cabinets that are existing gateway devices for distributed photovoltaics to build communication channels when accessing the dispatching system. There are problems such as complex access to the dispatching system, difficult access and regulation, high access costs and difficult operation and maintenance. Distributed energy consumption and power balance are severely restricted, affecting the safe operation of the large power grid. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a gateway device for distributed photovoltaics, so as to solve the problem of difficulty in access and regulation when the existing gateway device builds a communication channel between the dispatching system and the station; and also to provide a photovoltaic station, so as to solve the problem of difficulty in access and regulation when the existing photovoltaic power station uses a gateway device to build a communication channel between the dispatching system and the station.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention includes: A gateway device for distributed photovoltaics of the present invention comprises a telecontrol device for processing grid connection point data, a group control device for receiving regulation commands or plan curves and for sending relevant parameters to each power generation equipment, a longitudinal encryption device for encrypting and transmitting regulation data, and a route for establishing a wireless communication channel with the dispatcher. The telecontrol device and the group control device are integrated and arranged on a first circuit board, the longitudinal encryption device is arranged on a second circuit board, the route is arranged on a third circuit board, a pin and female connector is arranged between the first circuit board and the second circuit board to realize the hardware connection between the first circuit board and the second circuit board; a dedicated line is arranged between the second circuit board and the third circuit board to realize the hardware connection between the second circuit board and the third circuit board.

[0008] Furthermore, the group modulation and control device includes an automatic gain control device and an automatic voltage control device.

[0009] A photovoltaic station of the present invention includes a gateway device, which includes a telecontrol device for processing grid-connected point data, a group control device for receiving adjustment commands or plan curves and for sending relevant parameters to each power generation equipment, a longitudinal encryption device for encrypting and transmitting adjustment data, and a route for establishing a wireless communication channel with the dispatcher. The telecontrol device and the group control device are integrated and arranged on a first circuit board, the longitudinal encryption device is arranged on a second circuit board, the route is arranged on a third circuit board, a pin and female connector is arranged between the first circuit board and the second circuit board to realize the hardware connection between the first circuit board and the second circuit board; a dedicated line is arranged between the second circuit board and the third circuit board to realize the hardware connection between the second circuit board and the third circuit board.

[0010] Furthermore, the group modulation and control device includes an automatic gain control device and an automatic voltage control device.

[0011] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention is an improved invention, which provides a gateway device and a photovoltaic station for distributed photovoltaics. Specifically, the remote control device and the group modulation and group control device are integrated and arranged on the first circuit board, so that the remote control device and the group modulation and group control device are integrated in software and hardware. When the integrated remote control device and the group modulation and group control device build a channel with the dispatcher, only one channel needs to be built, that is, the remote control device and the group modulation and group control device share the channel. The dispatcher only needs to allocate one IP to cooperate with the integrated remote control device and the group modulation and group control device to realize a complete remote control and group modulation and group control solution, which can save a lot of debugging time and make access scheduling relatively simple; a second circuit board with a longitudinal encryption device and a first circuit board are also provided. The boards are connected by pin and female connector hardware, the second circuit board and the third circuit board with routing are connected by dedicated line hardware. The gateway device integrates the functions of routing, longitudinal encryption device, telecontrol device and group modulation and control device, and replaces multiple devices with one all-in-one gateway device. Its hardware connection replaces their respective separate channels, and when problems occur, the all-in-one gateway system can be used to quickly locate and solve the problems in time by checking the messages. There is no need to repeatedly switch the devices for problem troubleshooting. The overall construction cost is low, and the installation and operation and maintenance are simple. It can solve the problem of grid connection of distributed new energy stations, effectively reduce the construction period and cost, and greatly improve the quality and efficiency of operation and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is an internal connection block diagram of a gateway device for distributed photovoltaics according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of a gateway device for distributed photovoltaics according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a diagram of the actual on-site working process of a gateway device for distributed photovoltaics according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] In order to solve the problems in the background technology, the present invention provides a gateway device and a photovoltaic station for distributed photovoltaics, in which a remote control device and a group modulation and group control device are integrated and arranged on a first circuit board, so that the remote control device and the group modulation and group control device are integrated in software and hardware. When the integrated remote control device and the group modulation and group control device build a channel with the dispatcher, only one channel needs to be built, that is, the remote control device and the group modulation and group control device share the channel. The dispatcher only needs to allocate one IP to cooperate with the integrated remote control device and the group modulation and group control device to realize a complete remote control and group modulation and group control solution, which can save a lot of debugging time and make access scheduling relatively simple; a second circuit board with a longitudinal encryption device and a first circuit board are also provided. The circuit boards are connected by pin and female connector hardware, the second circuit board and the third circuit board with routing are connected by dedicated line hardware. The gateway device integrates the functions of routing, longitudinal encryption device, telecontrol device and group modulation and control device, and replaces multiple devices with one all-in-one gateway device. Its hardware connection replaces their separate channels. When problems occur, the all-in-one gateway system can be used to quickly locate and solve the problems in time by checking the messages. There is no need to repeatedly switch the devices for problem troubleshooting. The overall construction cost is low, and the installation and operation and maintenance are simple. It can solve the problem of grid connection of distributed new energy stations, effectively reduce the construction period and cost, and greatly improve the quality and efficiency of operation and maintenance.

[0014] Compared with the existing remote control devices and group control devices, the access method is two channels when they are not integrated. In the integrated case, the group control and remote control share one channel. Only one line needs to be connected between the device and the lower part. The engineering configuration also uses one configuration, and there is no need to start another configuration.

[0015] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] An embodiment of a gateway device for distributed photovoltaics: A gateway device for distributed photovoltaics, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a telecontrol device for processing grid connection point data, a group control device for receiving adjustment commands or plan curves and for sending relevant parameters to each power generation equipment, a longitudinal encryption device for encrypting and transmitting control data, and a router for establishing a wireless communication channel with the dispatcher. The telecontrol device and the group control device are integrated and arranged on a first circuit board, the longitudinal encryption device is arranged on a second circuit board, the router is arranged on a third circuit board, and a pin and female connector is arranged between the first circuit board and the second circuit board to realize the hardware connection between the first circuit board and the second circuit board; a dedicated line is arranged between the second circuit board and the third circuit board to realize the hardware connection between the second circuit board and the third circuit board.

[0017] Specifically, the group modulation and group control device includes an automatic gain control device (AGC, Automatic Generation Control, automatic power generation control system) and an automatic voltage control device (AVC, Automatic Voltage Control, automatic voltage control system).

[0018] The gateway device of the present invention integrates the functions of routing, vertical encryption device, telecontrol device and group dispatching and control device as an all-in-one gateway. It replaces multiple devices with one all-in-one device, and replaces the establishment of separate channels by their hardware connection. When problems occur, the problem can be quickly located and solved in time by checking the message through the all-in-one gateway system. There is no need to repeatedly switch devices for problem troubleshooting. The overall construction cost is low, and the installation, operation and maintenance are simple. It can solve the problem of grid connection of distributed new energy stations, effectively reduce the construction period and cost, and greatly improve the quality and efficiency of operation and maintenance.

[0019] The all-in-one gateway solves the technical deficiencies of traditional channel construction, including: 1) Reduce the difficulty of access and dispatch: Telecontrol and group dispatch and control are integrated in software and hardware. When building a channel with dispatch, the integrated telecontrol and group dispatch and control share the same channel, without the need to build two channels. That is, dispatch only needs to allocate one IP to cooperate with the integrated telecontrol device and group dispatch and control device to realize a complete telecontrol and group dispatch and control solution, which saves a lot of debugging time and makes access and dispatch relatively simple; 2) Reduce access costs: The all-in-one gateway integrates telecontrol, group modulation and control (group modulation and control are also called power regulation devices), vertical density and routing (routing can use 5G routing or 5G communication gateway), getting rid of the problems of the four independent devices in the traditional solution, such as the non-centralized distribution, large wiring and space occupation. It also reduces the investment of manpower, material and financial resources in procurement, installation and maintenance, effectively reducing costs; 3) Reduce the difficulty of operation and maintenance: When using the all-in-one gateway, if a problem occurs, you can directly enter the all-in-one gateway system to view the message, without having to repeatedly switch devices to troubleshoot the problem.

[0020] Among them, the routing can be selected from mobile communication routing such as 3G routing, 4G routing and 5G routing according to actual needs.

[0021] The present invention is an all-in-one gateway device suitable for distributed photovoltaic (gateway device is referred to as gateway), such as Figure 2 As shown, the gateway is equipped with wired and wireless access (4G / 5G wireless access), vertical encryption, telecontrol ( Figure 2It is an integrated control and access device with multiple functions such as data gateway, AGC / AVC, etc. It is mainly deployed on the user side of the distributed power supply 10kV / 35kV grid-connected point. It is used for small hydropower, county photovoltaic, virtual power plant, and 10kV / 35kV distributed new energy to access the control system in a direct procurement manner at low cost, safely and controllably, and ultimately realize the rigid controllability and flexible adjustment of distributed new energy, providing technical support for improving the safe and stable operation level of the power grid and the new energy absorption capacity.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the main functions of the all-in-one gateway device are divided into five parts: telecontrol, AGC, AVC, vertical density, and 4G / 5G routing; the gateway is divided into three central control boards, with telecontrol, AGC, and AVC integrated in one central board, and vertical density and 5G routing each having one central board. These five parts are already connected internally, and their internal connections use the existing connection method. Among them, a central board integrating telecontrol, AGC, and AVC is directly connected to a central board with vertical density through pins, and the pins are pins of a pin-and-female connector; a central board with vertical density and a central board with 5G routing are connected through a dedicated line. This connection method greatly reduces the steps of connecting through optical fiber or network cables within the station, saving space and time.

[0023] The working process of the gateway device is as follows Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the specific process of power flexible regulation is as follows: the dispatcher sends a power remote regulation instruction, and the gateway decomposes it to the inverter according to the preset strategy after receiving the remote regulation instruction. After receiving the instruction, the inverter adjusts the power generation power, and the inverter sends the adjusted data to the gateway, which converts the data into a protocol and sends it to the dispatcher.

[0024] Among them, the gateway device includes 5G routing, vertical density device, data gateway, AGC / AVC device; the protection and measurement and control device and inverter are the substation adopted devices, and the inverter mainly provides active power, reactive power and other information; the dispatching party includes firewall, routing, vertical density and master station (dispatching master station).

[0025] After the data gateway of the gateway device collects the data of the collected device, the AGC / AVC device will sum the active and reactive power of each inverter, take the total active and reactive power as telemetry information, and then forward the data to the dispatch; the collection channel can be a network cable or an RS232 / RS485 serial port; the channel forwarded to the dispatch is: the data is encrypted by the longitudinal encryption device and then transmitted to the 5G router, the 5G router transmits the data to the base station wirelessly, the base station will access the dispatcher, (we are not responsible for the dispatcher) the dispatcher accesses the routing device through the firewall from the base station, and forwards it to the longitudinal encryption device for decryption, and then sends it to the dispatch master station; and what the master station needs is the four remote information of the measurement and control device and the inverter and other devices, this process is telecontrol; when the master station receives the active and reactive information of the inverter, it will send active and reactive instructions according to the situation, when the instruction arrives at the gateway device, AGC / AVC will distribute it to each inverter according to the fixed ratio strategy, thereby realizing the conditions of active and reactive power of the inverter, this process is group dispatch and group control.

[0026] The telecontrol and group control cabinet contains a gateway device, a measurement and control device, and a station control layer switch; the data collection of the gateway device is to connect the gateway device to the station control layer switch through a network cable, and other devices to be collected are connected to the switch. The gateway device can collect data from all connected devices through the station control layer switch.

[0027] The actual on-site workflow of the gateway device, such as Figure 3 As shown, before debugging, you need to ask the owner or local automation for a SIM card. The wireless access area address allocation table is mainly used to obtain the local APN, SIM card IP (it will also be displayed when Four-Faith dials successfully, to check whether the card is given incorrectly), ICCID (displayed on the back of the SIM), service gateway (the address assigned to Four-Faith by the master station), encryption address (the address assigned to Kedong by the master station), RTU1 (the address assigned to the management machine by the master station), address mask, master station IP and policy information including address network segment, peer encryption and port number.

[0028] The following will introduce each center board according to its function: Part 1: 5G routing, insert the SIM card into the CPE (router), check the network status, and after the network is successfully established, build a 5G virtual channel based on the service gateway, virtual tunnel IP, etc. provided by the dispatcher.

[0029] 5G routing is mainly used for scheduling and establishing 4G / 5G wireless communication channels.

[0030] 5G routing channel: First, the dispatcher will allocate a private network card / public network card (the card has been operated by the operator and can transmit data to the dispatcher). After receiving the card, insert it into the 5G routing terminal and enter the main page to view the network status, and then build a 5G virtual channel based on the service gateway, virtual tunnel IP, etc. provided by the dispatcher.

[0031] The second part: vertical encryption, generate a certificate request file and send it to the dispatcher. After the dispatcher issues the certificate, it is imported into the vertical encryption of the other end; build an encrypted tunnel based on the encrypted IP and port information of the local and remote ends given by the dispatcher.

[0032] Longitudinal density refers to the use of technical measures such as authentication, encryption, and access control to achieve secure transmission of power secondary system data and vertical boundary security protection.

[0033] In the all-in-one gateway device, the main function is to realize the encrypted transmission of control data; the encrypted channel is constructed: first, a certificate request file is generated through operations such as device key and certificate request, and sent to the dispatcher. After the dispatcher issues the certificate, it is imported into the peer's longitudinal encryption. Then, a tunnel is built based on the encrypted IP of the local and peer ends given by the dispatcher, and an encryption strategy is constructed based on information such as ports.

[0034] The third part: telecontrol, AGC, AVC, configure the collection protocol according to the on-site collection situation, and collect data from the downstream equipment through the serial port or network port; configure the forwarding protocol according to the business IP and master station IP assigned by the dispatcher.

[0035] Telecontrol is the monitoring and control of remote operating equipment through communication technology to achieve the four remote functions of telemetry, telesignaling, teleadjustment and remote control. This technology plays a vital role in accelerating the automation process of power systems.

[0036] AGC (Automatic Gain Control) refers to an automatic control method that automatically adjusts the gain of the amplifier circuit according to the signal strength.

[0037] AVC (Automatic Voltage Control) refers to the centralized monitoring, analysis and calculation of the reactive voltage status of the entire network, and the coordinated optimization control of the widely dispersed reactive devices in the power grid from a global perspective. It can not only realize the automatic adjustment of reactive voltage, but also has certain optimization functions. It is an important technical means to maintain system voltage stability, improve the quality of power grid voltage and the economic operation level of the entire system, and improve the level of reactive voltage management.

[0038] In the all-in-one gateway device, telecontrol realizes the collection, transmission and forwarding of grid connection point data, and AGC and AVC (group control) realize the reception of local or remote adjustment commands or planning curves, and combines various AGC / AVC parameters to continuously calculate and send active / reactive related parameters to each power generation equipment. Telecontrol and group control (AGC / AVC) channel construction: First, after the wireless routing channel and encryption and decryption transmission channel are successfully established, the two ends are connected to the telecontrol and dispatch respectively, and then the telecontrol end configures the IP assigned by the dispatch, establishes the forwarding channel, and detects whether the entire channel is successfully established.

[0039] The present invention integrates 5G routing, vertical encryption device, telecontrol device, AGC and AVC functions into one, replaces multiple devices with one all-in-one device, and merges the on-site telecontrol cabinet, group dispatching and group control cabinet and dispatching data network cabinet into one device, which greatly reduces the overall construction cost, saves equipment usage space, reduces the difficulty of installation and later operation and maintenance; the telecontrol device and the group dispatching and group control device are integrated on the first circuit board, the second circuit board provided with the vertical encryption device and the first circuit board are connected by hardware of pin and female connectors, and the second circuit board and the third circuit board provided with routing are connected by hardware of dedicated lines, so that the dispatcher only needs to allocate one IP to cooperate with the integrated telecontrol device and the group dispatching and group control device to realize a complete telecontrol and group dispatching and group control solution, which can solve the problem of difficulty in grid connection access of distributed new energy sites, effectively reduce the construction period and cost, and greatly improve the quality and efficiency of operation and maintenance.

[0040] An embodiment of a photovoltaic station: A photovoltaic station, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a gateway device, which includes a telecontrol device for processing grid connection point data, a group control device for receiving adjustment commands or plan curves and for sending relevant parameters to each power generation equipment, a longitudinal encryption device for encrypting and transmitting control data, and a router for establishing a wireless communication channel with the dispatcher. The telecontrol device and the group control device are integrated and arranged on a first circuit board, the longitudinal encryption device is arranged on a second circuit board, the router is arranged on a third circuit board, and a pin and female connector is arranged between the first circuit board and the second circuit board to realize the hardware connection between the first circuit board and the second circuit board; a dedicated line is arranged between the second circuit board and the third circuit board to realize the hardware connection between the second circuit board and the third circuit board.

[0041] Specifically, the group modulation and group control device includes an automatic gain control device and an automatic voltage control device.

[0042] The gateway device has been described in detail in an embodiment of a gateway device for distributed photovoltaics, and will not be described in detail here.

Claims

1. A gateway device for distributed photovoltaics, comprising a telecontrol device for processing grid-connected point data, a group control device for receiving adjustment commands or plan curves and for sending relevant parameters to each power generation device, a longitudinal encryption device for encrypting and transmitting control data, and a router for establishing a wireless communication channel with the dispatcher, characterized in that: The remote control device and the group modulation and control device are integrated together on the first circuit board, the longitudinal encryption device is arranged on the second circuit board, and the routing is arranged on the third circuit board. A pin and female connector is arranged between the first circuit board and the second circuit board to realize the hardware connection between the first circuit board and the second circuit board; a dedicated line is arranged between the second circuit board and the third circuit board to realize the hardware connection between the second circuit board and the third circuit board.

2. The gateway device for distributed photovoltaics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The group modulation and control device comprises an automatic gain control device and an automatic voltage control device.

3. A photovoltaic station, comprising a gateway device, the gateway device comprising a telecontrol device for processing grid-connected point data, a group control device for receiving adjustment commands or plan curves and for sending relevant parameters to each power generation equipment, a longitudinal encryption device for encrypting and transmitting control data, and a router for establishing a wireless communication channel with the dispatcher, characterized in that: The remote control device and the group modulation and control device are integrated together on the first circuit board, the longitudinal encryption device is arranged on the second circuit board, and the routing is arranged on the third circuit board. A pin and female connector is arranged between the first circuit board and the second circuit board to realize the hardware connection between the first circuit board and the second circuit board; a dedicated line is arranged between the second circuit board and the third circuit board to realize the hardware connection between the second circuit board and the third circuit board.

4. The photovoltaic station according to claim 3, characterized in that: The group modulation and control device comprises an automatic gain control device and an automatic voltage control device.

Images