Energizing elements and methods of making and using same

Abstract

An energizing element, the energizing element comprising: an energizing element body comprising an annular filament oriented about a central axis, the annular filament comprising a plurality of oscillations directed substantially downward along the central axis, wherein at least one oscillation comprises an inner circumferential void having a first circumferential width WFV and a second circumferential width WSV at different axial positions along the oscillation, and wherein WFV is not equal to WSV.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to energizing elements, and more particularly to energizing elements for use in seals. Background Art

[0002] Energizing elements are used in a number of applications to provide appropriate loads on adjacent components, including but not limited to seal applications. Seals are used in environments where fluids (liquids, gases, slurries, etc.) are separated from one another. Under pressure conditions, current energizing elements in applications such as seals may lack design customization and flexibility within the expected load range and under the expected conditions. Therefore, the industry continues to need improved energizing elements for expected conditions and applications. Summary of the invention

[0003] Embodiments herein may include an energizing element comprising: an energizing element body comprising an annular filament oriented about a central axis, the annular filament comprising a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis, wherein at least one oscillation comprises a first circumferential width W located at different axial positions along the oscillation. FV and the second circumferential width W SV The internal circumferential clearance of FV ≠W SV .

[0004] Embodiments herein may include an energizing element comprising: an energizing element body comprising a looped filament oriented about a central axis, the looped filament comprising a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis, wherein the plurality of oscillations comprises a filament having a length L starting at a central point. FF The first oscillation starts at the center point with a filament length L SF The circumferentially adjacent second oscillation, and where L FF ≠L SF .

[0005] Embodiments herein may include an energizing element comprising: an energizing element body comprising a looped filament oriented about a central axis, the looped filament comprising a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis, wherein the plurality of oscillations comprises a plurality of outer oscillations originating from a central point and a plurality of inner oscillations originating from the central point, wherein the number of the outer oscillations is greater than the number of the inner oscillations.

[0006] Embodiments herein may include an energizing element comprising: an energizing element body comprising a looped filament oriented about a central axis, the looped filament comprising a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis, wherein the plurality of oscillations comprises an outer oscillation originating at a central point and an inner oscillation originating at the central point, wherein the outer oscillation is connected to the inner oscillation across the central point by an arcuate portion spanning a circumferential distance wider than a circumferential width of the looped filament.

[0007] Embodiments herein may include a seal comprising: an annular jacket including a body defining an annular recess; and an energizing element disposed within the recess, the energizing element comprising: an energizing element body including an annular filament oriented about a central axis, the annular filament including a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis, wherein at least one oscillation includes a first circumferential width W located at different axial positions along the oscillation FV and the second circumferential width W SV The internal circumferential clearance of FV ≠W SV .

[0008] Embodiments herein may include a seal comprising: an annular jacket including a body defining an annular recess; and an energizing element disposed within the recess, the energizing element comprising: an energizing element body including an annular filament oriented about a central axis, the annular filament including a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis, wherein the plurality of oscillations include a filament length L starting at a central point FF The first oscillation starts at the center point with a filament length L SF The second oscillation of the circumferentially adjacent FF ≠L SF .

[0009] Embodiments herein may include a seal comprising: an annular jacket including a body defining an annular recess; and an energizing element disposed within the recess, the energizing element comprising: an energizing element body including an annular filament oriented about a central axis, the annular filament including a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis, wherein the plurality of oscillations include a plurality of outer oscillations originating from a central point and a plurality of inner oscillations originating from the central point, wherein the number of the outer oscillations is greater than the number of the inner oscillations.

[0010] Embodiments herein may include a seal comprising: an annular jacket including a body defining an annular recess; and an energizing element disposed within the recess, the energizing element comprising: an energizing element body including an annular filament oriented about a central axis, the annular filament including a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis, wherein the plurality of oscillations include an outer oscillation originating at a central point and an inner oscillation originating at the central point, wherein the outer oscillation is connected to the inner oscillation across the central point by an arcuate portion spanning a circumferential distance wider than a circumferential width of the annular filament. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] The embodiments are shown by way of example and are not intended to be limited to the accompanying drawings.

[0012] Figure 1 Included is a cross-sectional perspective view of a seal including an energizing element according to an embodiment.

[0013] Figure 2A1 Included is a perspective view of an energizing element according to an embodiment.

[0014] Figure 2A2 Included is a top view of an energizing element according to an embodiment.

[0015] Figure 2B Included is a perspective view of an energizing element according to an embodiment.

[0016] Figure 2C Included is a perspective view of an energizing element according to an embodiment.

[0017] Figure 2D Included is a perspective view of an energizing element according to an embodiment.

[0018] Figure 2E Included is a perspective view of an energizing element according to an embodiment.

[0019] Figure 2F Included is a perspective view of an energizing element according to an embodiment.

[0020] Figure 2G Included is a perspective view of an energizing element according to an embodiment.

[0021] Figure 2H Included is a perspective view of an energizing element according to an embodiment.

[0022] Fig.2I Included is a perspective view of an energizing element according to an embodiment.

[0023] It will be appreciated by the skilled person that the elements in the drawings are shown for simplicity and clarity and are not necessarily drawn to scale. For example, the size of some of the elements in the drawings may be enlarged relative to other elements to help improve understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings is provided to help understand the teachings disclosed herein. The following discussion will focus on the specific implementation and implementation scheme of the teachings. This focus is provided to help describe the teachings and should not be interpreted as limiting the scope or applicability of the teachings. However, based on the teachings disclosed in this application, other embodiments may be used.

[0025] The terms "comprises," "including," "having," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of features is not necessarily limited to only those features, but may include other features not expressly listed or inherent to such method, article, or apparatus. In addition, unless expressly stated to the contrary, "or" refers to an inclusive or, not an exclusive or. For example, a condition A or B is satisfied by any of: A is true (or present) and B is false (or absent), A is false (or absent) and B is true (or present), and both A and B are true (or present).

[0026] In addition, "a" or "an" is used to describe the elements and components described herein. This is done only for convenience and to give a general sense of the scope of the invention. The description should be understood to include one, at least one, or the singular, as well as the plural, or vice versa, unless it is clearly indicated that it has another meaning. For example, when a single item is described in this article, more than one item can be used to replace the single item. Similarly, in the case of more than one item described in this article, a single item can replace the more than one item.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs. The materials, methods, and examples are illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting. To the extent not described herein, many details regarding specific materials and processing actions are conventional and can be found in textbooks and other sources in the field of energizing elements.

[0028] Figure 1 A seal including an energizing element according to an embodiment is shown. Figure 1, the seal 100 may generally include a jacket 102 and an energizing element 104. The jacket 102 may include fingers 106 and 108 defining a recess 110. The energizing element 104 may be disposed within the recess 110, such as partially disposed in the recess 110 or completely disposed in the recess 110. In one embodiment, at least one of the fingers 106 and 108 may include a distal flange 112 extending toward the recess 110. The distal flange 112 may prevent the energizing element 104 from being removed from the recess 110. Either of these components may be formed in an annular orientation. Although Figure 1 The seal 100 is shown in an axial orientation, but the seal 100 may be oriented in any possible orientation, including as follows: Figure 2A2 Radial or face seal orientation shown.

[0029] According to certain embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, seal 100 can be used between inner component 114 and outer component 116 (such as shaft and orifice) respectively. More specifically, seal 100 can be arranged in the annular space formed by the area in the orifice of outer component 116 and the outer surface of inner component 114. In certain embodiments, inner component 114 can translate longitudinally relative to outer component 116, such as reciprocating motion. In other embodiments, inner component 114 can rotate relative to outer component 116. Alternatively, in certain embodiments, outer component 116 can translate longitudinally relative to inner component 114, such as reciprocating motion. In other embodiments, outer component 116 can rotate relative to inner component 114. Seal 100 can prevent or reduce one or more fluid components from entering or flowing out from the first side of the seal to the second side opposite thereto.

[0030] In various embodiments, the seal 100 (or any of its components) can have a radial tolerance of at least 0.1 mm, such as at least 0.2 mm, at least 0.3 mm, at least 0.4 mm, at least 0.5 mm, at least 1 mm, at least 2 mm, at least 3 mm, at least 4 mm, or even at least 5 mm. As used herein, "radial tolerance" refers to the ability of the seal to absorb manufacturing and installation tolerances between the shaft and the orifice (or the inner and outer components). Conventional seals cannot absorb tolerances because they require precise machining and manufacturing tolerances (especially in the axial direction relative to the seal) and are therefore not suitable for easily deforming and accommodating unexpected manufacturing and installation tolerances.

[0031] As described herein, the energizing element 104 can be used in seal applications, but is not necessarily limited to seal applications. The energizing element 104 can include a body 105 adapted to provide an outward biasing force in at least one outwardly oriented direction, such as toward at least one of the fingers 106 and 108. In various embodiments, the energizing element 104 can provide a radial biasing force between 0.1 N / mm and 1000 N / mm with respect to the jacket.

[0032] In one embodiment, the energizing element 104 may have an O-shaped cross-sectional profile in the axial direction. In one embodiment, the energizing element 104 may have a circular cross-sectional profile in the axial direction. In one embodiment, the energizing element 104 may have an elliptical cross-sectional profile in the axial direction. In one embodiment, the energizing element 104 may have a polygonal cross-sectional profile in the axial direction. In another embodiment, the energizing element 104 may have a cross-sectional profile in the axial direction selected from a D-shape, a U-shape, a V-shape, or a C-shape. In a specific embodiment, the energizing element 104 may have a cantilevered profile, wherein a surface of the energizing element 104 extends adjacent to at least one of the fingers 106 or 108. The cantilevered portion of the energizing element 104 may bias the fingers 106 and 108 outwardly away from each other.

[0033] In various embodiments, the energizing element 104 may include a body 105 including a filament 107. The filament 107 may be an annular filament oriented around a central axis 150. The filament 107 may include a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis 150, as described in further detail below. In some embodiments, the filament 107 may be a wire. In some embodiments, the filament 107 may have an arcuate cross-section. In some embodiments, the filament 107 may be coiled or wound so as to form a generally O-shaped cross-section in the axial direction. In yet another example, the energizing element 104 may include a ribbon wound so as to form a generally O-shaped cross-section in the axial direction. In a specific embodiment, the ribbon may have two main surfaces spaced apart from each other by a thickness. The ribbon may define a length, a width, and a thickness, wherein the length is greater than the width, and wherein the width is greater than the thickness. The ribbon may be wound such that adjacent coils partially overlap each other in a radial direction, such as overlapping by at least 10%, at least 20%, or at least 30%, or such that adjacent coils do not overlap in a radial direction. Prior to installation, the energizing element 104 can define a diameter that can be greater than the diameter of the recess 110. That is, in one embodiment, the energizing element 104 can be too large for the recess 110.

[0034] In various embodiments, the cross-section of the filament 107 forming the coil of the energizing element 104 can be rectangular, square, circular, elliptical, or trapezoidal. The filament 207 forming the coil of the energizing element 104 can rotate at a pitch between 0.025 mm and 25.4 mm, such as between 0.05 mm and 10 mm. The filament 107 forming the coil of the energizing element 104 can have a filament diameter between 0.01 mm and 25.4 mm, such as between 0.05 mm and 5 mm. The filament 107 forming the coil of the energizing element 104 can have an energizing element diameter between 0.05 mm and 5000 mm, such as between 0.1 mm and 3000 mm. The energizing element 104 may have a spring load between 0.01 N / mm and 20 N / mm, such as 0.5 N / mm and 15 N / mm, such as 1 N / mm and 10 N / mm, or such as 2.5 N / mm and 7.5 N / mm.

[0035] In one embodiment, the energizing element 104 can float relative to the jacket 102. More specifically, the energizing element 104 can move freely relative to the recess 110. In another embodiment, the energizing element 104 can be coupled to the jacket 102, for example, by an adhesive, mechanical deformation of one or both of the jacket 102 and the energizing element 104, threaded or non-threaded fasteners, or by at least partially embedding the energizing element 104 within the jacket 102. In one embodiment, the ends of the energizing element 104 can be encapsulated within the jacket 102 to prevent the energizing element 104 from being removed from the jacket 102. In embodiments utilizing an adhesive, an adhesive layer (not shown) can be disposed between at least a portion of the energizing element 104 and the jacket 102. The adhesive layer can include a hot melt adhesive. Examples of adhesives that can be used include fluoropolymers, epoxy resins, polyimide resins, polyether / polyamide copolymers, ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), ETFE copolymers, perfluoroalkoxy (PFA), or any combination thereof. In addition, the binder may include at least one functional group selected from -C=O, -COR, -COH, -COOH, -COOR, -CF2=CF-OR, or any combination thereof, wherein R is a cyclic or linear organic group containing between 1 and 20 carbon atoms. In addition, the binder may include a copolymer.

[0036] In one embodiment, the energizing element 104 may be formed of any suitable material recognized by a person of ordinary skill in the art. As non-limiting examples, the energizing element 104 may include a polymer, a ceramic, a metal, an alloy, or a combination thereof. In one specific example, the energizing element 104 may have a wrapped design. For example, an inner portion of the energizing element 104 may include a first material that is different from the material of the outer portion of the energizing element 104. The outer portion may wrap all or a portion of the inner portion. In one specific embodiment, the energizing element 104 includes a metal. In one specific embodiment, the metal may be coated or surface treated to prevent corrosion or another undesirable effect from environmental exposure. Exemplary metals include steel, spring steel, stainless steel, bronze, copper, Monel, Inconel, Elgiloy, Hastelloy, and oil tempered chrome silicon or vanadium. In one embodiment, the energizing element 104 may include molybdenum, cobalt, iron, chromium, copper, manganese, titanium, zirconium, aluminum, carbon, tungsten, or any combination thereof. In one embodiment, the energizing element 104 comprises stainless steel, such as 301 stainless steel, 302 / 304 stainless steel, 316 stainless steel, or 17-7 stainless steel. In one embodiment, the energizing element 104 may at least partially comprise, or even consist essentially of, a metal such as steel, or even more specifically energizing element steel. In another embodiment, the energizing element 104 may at least partially comprise, or even consist essentially of, for example, Elgiloy, Inconel, Hastelloy, or a combination thereof. In yet another embodiment, the energizing element 104 may comprise cobalt, chromium, nickel, iron, molybdenum, manganese, or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, the energizing element 104 may comprise at least 10 wt % cobalt, such as at least 20 wt % cobalt, at least 25 wt % cobalt, at least 30 wt % cobalt, at least 35 wt % cobalt, or even at least 40 wt % cobalt.

[0037] In one embodiment, the energizing element 104 may comprise a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyketone, polyaramid, polyphenylene sulfide, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene sulfone, polyamideimide, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, fluoropolymer, polybenzimidazole, polyacetal, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyimide (PI), polyetherimide, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyethylene (PE), polysulfone, polyamide (PA), polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyurethane, polyester, liquid crystal polymer (LCP), or any combination thereof. In a specific embodiment, the energizing element 104 may at least partially comprise a fluoropolymer, or even consist essentially of it. Exemplary fluoropolymers include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyimide (PI), polyamideimide (PAI), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), perfluoroalkoxy (PFA), tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropylene and vinylidene fluoride terpolymer (THV), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer (ECTFE), or any combination thereof. Other fluoropolymers, polymers, and blends may be included in the composition of jacket 100. In another specific embodiment, jacket 100 may at least partially comprise polyethylene (PE) such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), or even consist essentially of it.

[0038] In one embodiment, the energizing element 104 may include a ceramic selected from the group consisting of glass filler, silica, clay mica, kaolin, lithium soap, graphite, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, polytetrafluoroethylene, carbon nitride, tungsten carbide, or diamond-like carbon.

[0039] In one embodiment, the energizing element 104 may have a diameter that is less than 150% of the depth of the annular recess 106, such as less than 100% of the depth of the annular recess 106, or even less than 75% of the depth of the annular recess 106. In one embodiment, the diameter of the energizing element 104 may be no less than 10% of the depth of the annular recess 106.

[0040] As contemplated in at least one embodiment described herein, the energizing element 104 may include a length of material formed into a spiral energizing element having a plurality of coils. In one embodiment, the energizing element 104 may include at least 2 coils, such as at least 3 coils, at least 4 coils, at least 5 coils, at least 10 coils, at least 100 coils, at least 200 coils, at least 300 coils, at least 400 coils, at least 500 coils, or even at least 1000 coils. The length of material forming the energizing element 104 may have a polygonal or elliptical cross-section. For example, in one embodiment, the energizing element 104 may be formed from a round wire. In another embodiment, the energizing element 104 may be formed from a strip of material wound into a plurality of coils. The coils of the energizing element 104 may be adjacent to each other or even partially overlap. In one specific example, the coils may be parallel to each other. In another case, the coils may be tilted relative to each other. That is, the coils may be angularly offset and angled relative to each other.

[0041] In one embodiment, the energizing element 104 may have a length L from the first axial end 104a to the second axial end 104b of the energizing element 104. S The energizing element 104 may have a length L of at least 0.1 mm, at least 1 mm, at least 5 mm, at least 10 mm, at least 25 mm, at least 50 mm, at least 75 mm, at least 100 mm, at least 150 mm, at least 250 mm, at least 500 mm. S The energizing element 104 may have a length L that may be no greater than 1500 mm or no greater than 1000 mm. S In various embodiments, the energizing element 104 may have a length L between 0.3 mm and 6 mm. S It should be further understood that the energizing element 104 may have a length L that may be any value between any of the minimum and maximum values ​​noted above. S It is also understood that the energizing element 104 may have a length L that may vary along its circumference. S .

[0042] In one embodiment, the energizing element 104 may have a thickness W from the first radial end 104c to the second radial end 104d of the energizing element 104. S The energy enhancement element 104 may have a thickness of at least 0.1 mm, at least 1 mm, or at least

[0043] 5mm, at least 10mm, at least 25mm, at least 50mm, at least 75mm, at least 100mm, at least 150mm, at least 250mm, at least 500mm thickness W SThe energizing element 104 may have a thickness W that may be no greater than 1500 mm or no greater than 1000 mm. S In various embodiments, the energizing element 104 may have a thickness W between 0.3 mm and 6 mm. S It should be further understood that the energizing element 104 may have a thickness W that may be any value between any of the minimum and maximum values ​​noted above. S It is also understood that the energizing element 104 may have a thickness W that may vary along its circumference. S .

[0044] FIG. 2A1 to FIG. 2I A perspective view of an energizing element according to various embodiments is shown. In various embodiments, as described above, the energizing element 204 can include an energizing element body 205 including a filament 207. The filament 207 can be annular and oriented about a central axis 205. In addition, the filament 207 can include at least one and / or more oscillations 209 directed generally downwardly along the central axis 250. The oscillations 209 can be defined as the path of the filament 207 from one section of a circumferential orientation line 275 perpendicular to the central axis 205 at the first axial end 204a to an adjacent section of the circumferential orientation line 275 perpendicular to the central axis 250 at the first axial end 204a of the energizing element 204. The circumferential orientation line 275 can be oriented in a circular manner and oriented about a central axis 250. In addition, the filament 207 can include at least one and / or more oscillations 209 directed generally downwardly along the central axis 250. The oscillations 209 can be defined as the path of the filament 207 from one section of a circumferential orientation line 275 perpendicular to the central axis 205 at the first axial end 204a of the energizing element 204. Figure 2D In various embodiments, while the energizing element 204 can be oriented annularly about the central axis 250, the oscillations 209 can be directed generally downwardly along the central axis 250 (e.g., having peaks and valleys extending axially downwardly along the central axis 250). Alternatively, as in Figure 2F As best shown in , the energizing element 204 may be linearly oriented on a line 275 perpendicular to the central axis 250 at the first axial end 204 a of the energizing element 204 .

[0045] FIG. 2A1 to FIG. 2B A perspective view of an energizing element according to various embodiments is shown. Figure 2A1 As shown, the energy boosting element 204 may have a C-shape in the circumferential direction. Figure 2A2 As shown, the energizing element 204 may have a C-shape in the radial direction and form a face seal. Any of the embodiments described herein may also be contemplated as a face seal. Figure 2B As shown, the energy boosting element 204 can have a V-shape in the circumferential direction. Figure 2A1 As shown, the circumferential width W of the annular filament 207 is EE Can be larger than the circumferential width W of the inner circumferential gap V , such as W EE ≥1.2W V , such as WEE ≥1.5W V , such as W EE ≥2W V , such as W EE ≥5W V , or such as W EE ≥10W V .

[0046] Figure 2C A perspective view of an energizing element according to various embodiments is shown. Figure 2C As shown, at least one oscillation 209 of the energizing element 204 may include a first circumferential width W located at different axial positions along the oscillation 209. FV and the second circumferential width W SV The internal circumferential clearance, and W FV ≠W SV In various embodiments, W FV ≥1.2W SV , such as W FV ≥1.5W SV , such as W FV ≥2W SV , such as W FV ≥5W SV , or such as W FV ≥10W SV In various embodiments, the circumferential width of the inner circumferential gap can vary during the course of the oscillating path.

[0047] Figure 2D A perspective view of an energizing element according to various embodiments is shown. Figure 2D As shown, the plurality of oscillations may include a first oscillation 209 pointing downwardly generally along the central axis 250 at the second radial end 204d and a circumferentially adjacent second oscillation 209' pointing downwardly generally along the central axis 250 at the first radial end 204c. The first oscillation 209 may be formed by two points where the filament 207 encounters a central point (e.g., where the filament intersects a circumferential orientation line 275 perpendicular to the central axis 250). The second oscillation 209' may be formed by two points where the filament 207 encounters a central point (e.g., where the filament intersects a circumferential orientation line 275 perpendicular to the central axis 250). The first oscillation 209 may include a circumferential width W FOV The second oscillating portion 209' may include a circumferential gap having a circumferential width W SOV The internal circumferential clearance, and W FOV ≠W SOV , such as W FOV ≥2W SOV , such as W FOV ≥5W SOV , or such as WFOV ≥10W SOV In various embodiments, the circumferential width of the inner circumferential gap can vary during the course of the oscillating path.

[0048] In addition, if Figure 2D As shown, the plurality of oscillations may include a first oscillation 209 pointing downwardly generally along the central axis 250 at a first radial end 204c and a circumferentially adjacent second oscillation 209' pointing downwardly generally along the central axis at a second radial end 204d. The first oscillation 209 may be formed by two points where the filament 207 encounters a center point (e.g., where the filament intersects a circumferential orientation line 275 perpendicular to the central axis 250). The second oscillation 209' may be formed by two points where the filament 207 encounters a center point (e.g., where the filament intersects a circumferential orientation line 275 perpendicular to the central axis 250). In various embodiments, the first oscillation 209 starting at the center point 275 may have a filament length (indicated by the segmented line) L FF In various embodiments, the second oscillation 209' starting from the center point 275 can have a filament length (indicated by the dashed line) L SF , and L FF ≠L SF , L FF ≥ 1.1 L SF , such as L FF ≥ 1.2 L SF , such as L FF ≥ 1.5 L SF , such as L FF ≥ 2 L SF , such as L FF ≥ 5L SF , or such as L FF ≥10L SF In various alternative embodiments, L SF ≥ 1.1 L FF , such as L SF ≥ 1.2 L FF , such as L SF ≥ 1.5 L FF , such as L SF ≥ 2 L FF , such as L SF ≥ 5L FF , or such as L SF ≥10L FF .

[0049] Figure 2E A perspective view of an energizing element according to various embodiments is shown. Figure 2EAs shown, the plurality of oscillations may include a plurality of outer oscillations 209 starting from a center point 275 (e.g., including a point along the first radial end 204c) and a plurality of inner oscillations 209' starting from the center point 275 (e.g., including a point along the second radial end 204d), wherein the number of outer oscillations 209 may be greater than the number of inner oscillations 209'. In various embodiments, the number of outer oscillations 209 may be greater than twice the number of inner oscillations 209', such as three times the number of inner oscillations 209', such as four times the number of inner oscillations 209', or such as five times the number of inner oscillations 209'.

[0050] In addition, if Figure 2E As shown, in various embodiments, the plurality of oscillations may include a plurality of outer oscillations 209 starting from a center point 275 (e.g., including a point along the first radial end 204c) and a plurality of inner oscillations 209' starting from the center point 275 (e.g., including a point along the second radial end 204d), wherein the plurality of oscillations may include the inner oscillations 209' (which have a height H IO axial apex 213) and external oscillation 209 (which has a height H EO The axial vertex 215), where H IO ≥H EO , such as H IO ≥2 hours EO , such as H IO ≥5H EO , or such as H IO ≥10H EO In various alternative embodiments, H EO ≥H IO , such as H EO ≥2 hours IO , such as H EO ≥5H IO , or such as H EO ≥10H IO In various embodiments, at least one of the axial vertices 213, 215 of the inner oscillation 209' or the outer oscillation 209 can be disposed substantially at the circumferential width W of the inner circumferential gap or the outer circumferential gap. V ', W V In various embodiments, at least one of the axial vertices 213, 215 of the inner oscillation 209' or the outer oscillation 209 may include a circumferential ridge. In various embodiments, at least one of the axial vertices 213, 215 of the inner oscillation 209' or the outer oscillation 209 may be a straight line. In various embodiments, as Figure 2EAs shown, at least one of the axial vertices 213, 215 of the inner oscillation 209' or the outer oscillation 209 may be rounded.

[0051] Figure 2F A perspective view of an energizing element according to various embodiments is shown. Figure 2F As shown, in various embodiments, at least one of the axial vertices 213, 215 of the inner oscillation 209' or the outer oscillation 209 may include a plurality of local axial vertices 213, 215, 213', 215'. In various embodiments, the plurality of local axial vertices 213, 215, 213', 215' may be circumferentially spaced apart by the saddle 214. In various embodiments, at least one of the axial vertices 213, 215 of the inner oscillation 209' or the outer oscillation 209 may include an axial vertex circumferentially spaced apart by a first axial shoulder 213a, 215a and a second axial shoulder 213b, 215b.

[0052] Figure 2G A perspective view of an energizing element according to various embodiments is shown. Figure 2G As shown, the plurality of oscillations may include a plurality of outer oscillations 209 starting from a center point 275 (e.g., including a point along the first radial end 204c) and a plurality of inner oscillations 209' starting from a center point 275 (e.g., including a point along the second radial end 204d), wherein the outer oscillations 209 may be formed by spanning a circumferential width W greater than the annular filament 207. EE Wide circumferential distance W AP The arcuate portion 211 is connected to the internal oscillator 209' across the center point 275. In various embodiments, the circumferential distance W of the arcuate portion 211 is AP It can be wider than the circumferential width W of the annular filament 207 EE twice the circumferential width W of the annular filament 207, such as EE Three times the circumferential width W of the annular filament 207, such as EE or four times the circumferential width W of the annular filament 207 EE five times.

[0053] Figure 2H A perspective view of an energizing element according to various embodiments is shown. Figure 2H As shown, in multiple embodiments, the filament 208 can define an angle α in the radial direction between adjacent oscillations (e.g., an outer oscillation 209 and an inner oscillation 209'), wherein α can be between 0° and 180°, such as between 15° and 165°, such as between 30° and 150°, such as between 45° and 150°, such as between 60° and 135°, or such as between 75° and 120°.

[0054] Fig.2I A perspective view of an energizing element according to various embodiments is shown. Fig.2I As shown, in one embodiment, the energizing element 204 may include a plurality of energizing elements 204, 204'. In one embodiment, the energizing element 204 may include a first energizing element 204 and a second energizing element 204'. The second energizing element 204' may be radially disposed within the first energizing element 204. In one embodiment, as Fig.2I As shown, the first energizing element 204 may be as shown in FIG. Figure 2D In other words, various embodiments, such as Fig.2I As shown, a plurality of energizing elements 204, 204' may be stacked upon one another in the axial direction.

[0055] In addition, the first energizing element 204 may contact the second energizing element 204' at least partially along the inner surface of the second energizing element 204'. That is, the first energizing element 204 and the second energizing element 204' may be concentric and contact each other, effectively forming an energizing element with two layers of wall thickness. In one embodiment, the first energizing element 204 may provide an outward biasing force against the second energizing element 204', or vice versa. In one embodiment, both the first energizing element 204 and the second energizing element 204' are annular energizing elements. The cross-section of the coil of the first energizing element 204 may be different from the cross-section of the coil of the second energizing element 204' in shape, size, material, or physical properties. That is, the energizing elements 204, 204' may be different from each other. A lubricant or sliding material may be disposed at least partially between the surface of the first energizing element 204 and the surface of the second energizing element 204', and may reduce frictional resistance therebetween. The first energizing element 204 and the second energizing element 204' may include any of the features described above with respect to the energizing element 104. For example, the first energizing element 204 and the second energizing element 204' may at least partially include, or even consist essentially of, for example, Elgiloy, Inconel, Hastelloy, steel, or combinations thereof.

[0056] The energizing elements described in accordance with the embodiments herein may allow for improved design customization and flexibility for most applications, including but not limited to seal applications. In addition, the energizing elements described in accordance with the embodiments herein may allow for improved load range performance for most applications, including but not limited to seal applications. In addition, the energizing elements described in accordance with the embodiments herein may allow for reduced clearance in the energizing elements for most applications, including but not limited to seal applications. Seals including energizing elements described in accordance with the embodiments herein may allow for longer life of the components of the seal due to properly applied forces, which properly applied forces reduce repeated compression and stress of individual components (e.g., energizing elements, jackets) caused by vibration or actuation of seals or other components within the assembly. In addition, seals described in accordance with the embodiments herein may prevent deformation of the seal under low cycle pressure cycles and high cycle pressure cycles. Therefore, the life of the components and the seals themselves may be increased, and overall leakage may be reduced.

[0057] Many different aspects and embodiments are possible. Some of those aspects and embodiments are described below. After reading this specification, the technician will understand that those aspects and embodiments are only exemplary and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Embodiments can be according to any one or more of the following listed projects.

[0058] Embodiment 1: An energizing element, comprising: an energizing element body, the energizing element body comprising an annular filament oriented about a central axis, the annular filament comprising a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis, wherein at least one oscillation comprises a first circumferential width W located at different axial positions along the oscillation FV and the second circumferential width W SV The internal circumferential clearance of FV ≥1.2W SV .

[0059] Embodiment 2: An energizing element, comprising: an energizing element body, the energizing element body comprising a looped filament oriented about a central axis, the looped filament comprising a plurality of oscillations directed generally downward along the central axis, wherein the plurality of oscillations comprises a filament having a length L starting at a central point FF The first oscillation starts at the center point with a filament length L SF The circumferentially adjacent second oscillation, and where L FF ≠L SF .

[0060] Embodiment 3: An energizing element, comprising: an energizing element body, the energizing element body comprising a looped filament oriented around a central axis, the looped filament comprising a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis, wherein the plurality of oscillations comprises a plurality of external oscillations starting from a central point and a plurality of internal oscillations starting from the central point, wherein the number of external oscillations is greater than the number of internal oscillations.

[0061] Embodiment 4: An energizing element, the energizing element comprising: an energizing element body, the energizing element body comprising a looped filament oriented about a central axis, the looped filament comprising a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis, wherein the plurality of oscillations comprises an outer oscillation originating from a central point and an inner oscillation originating from the central point, wherein the outer oscillation is connected to the inner oscillation across the central point by an arcuate portion spanning a circumferential distance wider than a circumferential width of the looped filament.

[0062] Embodiment 5: A seal, comprising: an annular jacket, the annular jacket comprising a body defining an annular recess; and an energizing element, the energizing element disposed within the annular recess, the energizing element comprising: an energizing element body, the energizing element body comprising an annular filament oriented about a central axis, the annular filament comprising a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis, wherein at least one oscillation comprises a first circumferential width W located at different axial positions along the oscillation FV and the second circumferential width W SV The internal circumferential clearance of FV ≥1.2W SV .

[0063] Embodiment 6: A seal, the seal comprising: an annular jacket, the annular jacket comprising a body defining an annular recess; and an energizing element, the energizing element disposed in the annular recess, the energizing element comprising: an energizing element body, the energizing element body comprising an annular filament oriented about a central axis, the annular filament comprising a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis, wherein the plurality of oscillations comprises a filament length L starting at a central point FF The first oscillation starts at the center point with a filament length L SF The second oscillation of the circumferentially adjacent FF ≠L SF .

[0064] Embodiment 7: A seal, comprising: an annular jacket, the annular jacket comprising a main body defining an annular recess; and an energizing element, the energizing element being disposed within the annular recess, the energizing element comprising: an energizing element main body, the energizing element main body comprising an annular filament oriented around a central axis, the annular filament comprising a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis, wherein the plurality of oscillations comprises a plurality of outer oscillations starting from a central point and a plurality of inner oscillations starting from the central point, wherein the number of the outer oscillations is greater than the number of the inner oscillations.

[0065] Embodiment 8: A seal, the seal comprising: an annular jacket, the annular jacket comprising a body defining an annular recess; and an energizing element, the energizing element disposed in the annular recess, the energizing element comprising: an energizing element body, the energizing element body comprising an annular filament oriented about a central axis, the annular filament comprising a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis, wherein the plurality of oscillations comprises an outer oscillation originating from a central point and an inner oscillation originating from the central point, wherein the outer oscillation is connected to the inner oscillation across the central point by an arcuate portion spanning a circumferential distance wider than a circumferential width of the annular filament.

[0066] Embodiment 9: The energizing element according to embodiment 1, wherein W FV ≥1.1W SV , such as W FV ≥1.2W SV , such as W FV ≥1.5W SV , such as W FV ≥2W SV , such as W FV ≥5W SV , or such as W FV ≥10W SV .

[0067] Embodiment 10: The energizing element according to embodiment 2, wherein L FF ≥ 1.1 L SF , such as L FF ≥ 1.2 L SF , such as L FF ≥ 1.5 L SF , such as L FF ≥ 2 L SF， Such as L FF ≥ 5L SF， Such as L FF ≥10L SF .

[0068] Embodiment 11: The energizing element according to embodiment 2, wherein LSF ≥ 1.1 L FF , such as L SF ≥ 1.2 L FF , such as L SF ≥ 1.5 L FF , such as L SF ≥ 2 L FF， Such as L SF ≥ 5L FF , or such as L SF ≥10L FF .

[0069] Embodiment 12: The energizing element of Embodiment 3, wherein the number of external oscillations is greater than twice the number of internal oscillations, such as three times the number of internal oscillations, such as four times the number of internal oscillations, or such as five times the number of internal oscillations.

[0070] Embodiment 13: The energizing element of Embodiment 4, wherein the circumferential distance of the arcuate portion is wider than twice the circumferential width of the annular filament, such as three times the circumferential width of the annular filament, such as four times the circumferential width of the annular filament, or such as five times the circumferential width of the annular filament.

[0071] Embodiment 14: The energizing element or seal of any of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the filaments define an angle α in the radial direction between adjacent oscillations, wherein α is between 0° and 180°.

[0072] Embodiment 15: The energizing element or seal according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the plurality of oscillations comprises an inner oscillation and an outer oscillation, wherein the inner oscillation has a height H IO The axial apex of the external oscillation has a height of H EO The axial vertex, where H IO ≥H EO , such as H IO ≥2 hours EO , such as H IO ≥5H EO , or such as H IO ≥10H EO .

[0073] Embodiment 16: The energizing element or seal according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the plurality of oscillations comprises an inner oscillation and an outer oscillation, wherein the inner oscillation has a height H IO The axial apex of the external oscillation has a height of H EO The axial vertex, where H EO ≥H IO, such as H EO ≥2 hours IO , such as H EO ≥5H IO , or such as H EO ≥10H IO .

[0074] Embodiment 17: The energizing element or seal of any one of Embodiments 15 or 16, wherein at least one of the axial vertices of the inner oscillation or the outer oscillation is disposed substantially at the circumferential width W of the inner circumferential gap or the outer circumferential gap. V at the midpoint of .

[0075] Embodiment 18: The energizing element or seal of any of Embodiments 15 or 16, wherein at least one of the axial apexes of the inner oscillation or the outer oscillation comprises a circumferential ridge.

[0076] Embodiment 19: The energizing element or seal of any of Embodiments 15 or 16, wherein at least one of the axial vertices of the inner oscillation or the outer oscillation is linear.

[0077] Embodiment 20: The energizing element or seal of any of Embodiments 15 or 16, wherein at least one of the axial apexes of the inner oscillation or the outer oscillation is rounded.

[0078] Embodiment 21: The energizing element or seal of any of Embodiments 15 or 16, wherein at least one of the axial apexes of the internal oscillation or the external oscillation comprises a plurality of partial axial apexes.

[0079] Embodiment 22: The energizing element or seal of Embodiment 21, wherein the plurality of local axial apexes are circumferentially spaced apart by saddles.

[0080] Embodiment 23: The energizing element or seal of any of Embodiments 15 or 16, wherein at least one of the axial apices of the inner oscillation or the outer oscillation comprises an axial apices circumferentially spaced apart by a first axial shoulder and a second axial shoulder.

[0081] Embodiment 24: The energizing element according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the energizing element has a cross-sectional profile selected from a D-shape, a U-shape, a V-shape, an O-shape, an E-shape, or a C-shape.

[0082] Embodiment 25: The energizing element or seal of any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the energizing element has a U-shaped cross-sectional profile.

[0083] Embodiment 26: The energizing element or seal of any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the energizing element has a V-shaped cross-sectional profile.

[0084] Embodiment 27: The energizing element or seal of any of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the energizing element rotates at a pitch between 0.025 mm and 25.4 mm.

[0085] Embodiment 28: The energizing element or seal of any of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the energizing element has a filament diameter between 0.025 mm and 25.4 mm.

[0086] Embodiment 29: The energizing element or seal of any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the energizing element has an energizing element diameter between 0.05 mm and 1500 mm.

[0087] Embodiment 30: The energizing element or seal of any of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the energizing element has a spring rate between CC and DD.

[0088] Embodiment 31: The energizing element or seal of any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the energizing element has flat, rectangular, square, or trapezoidal cross-section filaments.

[0089] Embodiment 32: The energizing element or seal of any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the energizing element has a circular cross-section filament.

[0090] Embodiment 33: The energizing element or seal of any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the energizing element comprises a polymer.

[0091] Embodiment 34: The energizing element or seal of any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the energizing element comprises a metal.

[0092] Embodiment 35: The energizing element or seal of any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the energizing element comprises ceramic.

[0093] Embodiment 36: The energizing element or seal of any one of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein the energizing element comprises a plurality of energizing elements.

[0094] Embodiment 37: The energizing element or seal of Embodiment 36, wherein the plurality of energizing elements are stacked upon each other in the axial direction.

[0095] Embodiment 38: The energizing element or seal of any of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein at least one oscillation of the plurality of oscillations has a circular cross-section in the axial direction.

[0096] Embodiment 39: The energizing element or seal of any of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein at least one oscillation of the plurality of oscillations has an elliptical cross-section in the axial direction.

[0097] Embodiment 40: The energizing element or seal of any of Embodiments 1 to 8, wherein at least one oscillation of the plurality of oscillations has a polygonal cross-section in the axial direction.

[0098] Embodiment 41: The seal of any of Embodiments 5 to 8, wherein the energizing element provides a radial biasing force between 0.1 N / mm and 1000 N / mm against the jacket.

[0099] Embodiment 42: The seal of any of Embodiments 5 to 8, wherein the energizing element is adapted to provide an outward force in at least one outwardly oriented direction.

[0100] Embodiment 43: The seal of any of Embodiments 5-8, wherein the energizing element is disposed entirely within the annular recess.

[0101] Embodiment 44: The seal of any one of Embodiments 5 to 8, wherein the seal is a face seal.

[0102] Embodiment 45: The seal of any one of Embodiments 5 to 8, wherein the seal is an axial seal.

[0103] Embodiment 46: The energizing element or seal of any of Embodiments 31-32, wherein the wire provides anisotropic properties when bent in a radial direction compared to bending in a linear direction.

[0104] Note that not all of the features described above are required, a portion of a particular feature may not be required, and one or more features other than those described may also be provided. Further, the order in which the features are described is not necessarily the order in which the features are installed.

[0105] For the sake of clarity, certain features described herein in the context of separate embodiments may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single embodiment for the sake of brevity may also be provided separately or in any sub-combination.

[0106] Benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described above with respect to specific embodiments; however, the benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any features that may cause any benefit, advantage, or solution to occur or become more significant should not be construed as key, required, or essential features of any or all the claims.

[0107] The description and illustration of the embodiments described herein are intended to provide a general understanding of the structure of various embodiments. Description and illustration are not intended to be used as a detailed and comprehensive description of all elements and features of the equipment and system using the structure or method described herein. Individual embodiments may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment, and on the contrary, the various features described in the context of a single embodiment for the sake of brevity may also be provided individually or in any sub-combination. In addition, reference to the values ​​described in the range includes each value within the range. Only after reading this specification, many other embodiments may be apparent to the technician. Other embodiments may be used and derived from the present disclosure, so that structural substitution, logical substitution or any change may be performed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure should be considered illustrative and not restrictive.

Claims

1. An energy boosting element, comprising: An energizing element body comprising an annular filament oriented about a central axis, the annular filament comprising a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis, wherein at least one oscillation comprises a first circumferential width W located at different axial positions along the oscillation FV and the second circumferential width W SV The internal circumferential clearance of FV ≠W SV .

2. An energy boosting element, comprising: The energizing element body includes a looped filament oriented about a central axis, the looped filament including a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis, wherein the plurality of oscillations include a filament length L starting at a central point FF The first oscillation starts at the center point with a filament length L SF The circumferentially adjacent second oscillation, and where L FF ≠L SF .

3. An energy boosting element, comprising: An energizing element body includes a looped filament oriented about a central axis, the looped filament including a plurality of oscillations directed generally downwardly along the central axis, wherein the plurality of oscillations includes a plurality of outer oscillations originating from a central point and a plurality of inner oscillations originating from the central point, wherein the number of outer oscillations is greater than the number of inner oscillations.

4. The energizing element of claim 1, wherein W FV ≥1.1W SV .

5. The energizing element according to claim 2, wherein L FF ≥ 1.1 L SF .

6. The energizing element according to claim 2, wherein L SF ≥ 1.1 L FF .

7. The energizing element of claim 3, wherein the number of the external oscillations is greater than twice the number of the internal oscillations.

8. The energizing element of claim 4, wherein a circumferential distance of the arcuate portion is wider than twice a circumferential width of the looped filament.

9. The energizing element of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the filaments define an angle α in the radial direction between adjacent oscillations, wherein α is between 0° and 180°.

10. The energizing element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plurality of oscillations comprises an internal oscillation and an external oscillation, wherein the internal oscillation has a height H IO The axial apex of the external oscillation has a height of H EO The axial vertex, where H IO ≥H EO .

11. The energizing element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plurality of oscillations comprises an internal oscillation and an external oscillation, wherein the internal oscillation has a height H IO The axial apex of the external oscillation has a height of H EO The axial vertex, where H EO ≥H IO .

12. The energizing element according to any one of claims 10 or 11, wherein at least one of the axial vertices of the inner oscillation or the outer oscillation is disposed substantially at a circumferential width W of the inner circumferential gap or the outer circumferential gap. V at the midpoint of .

13. The energizing element of any one of claims 10 or 11, wherein at least one of the axial apexes of the internal oscillation or the external oscillation comprises a plurality of local axial apexes.

14. The energizing element of any one of claims 10 or 11, wherein at least one of the axial apexes of the inner oscillation or the outer oscillation comprises an axial apex circumferentially spaced apart by a first axial shoulder and a second axial shoulder.

15. The energizing element of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the energizing element has a cross-sectional profile selected from a D-shape, a U-shape, a V-shape, an O-shape, an E-shape, or a C-shape.

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