Circuit structure of charging trolley

Abstract

The invention discloses a circuit structure of a charging trolley, which is characterized by comprising a battery, a connecting port, a charging controller and a battery manager, an energy supplementing circuit and a charging circuit are arranged between the battery and the connecting port, in the charging circuit, a voltage converter is arranged between the battery and the connecting port, in the energy supplementing circuit, a first switch is arranged between the battery and the connecting port, and the battery manager is electrically connected with the first switch; a first single-pole double-throw relay is arranged between the battery manager and the charging controller, a first terminal of the first single-pole double-throw relay is connected with the charging controller, and a second terminal of the first single-pole double-throw relay is connected with the battery manager. And a common terminal of the first single-pole double-throw relay is connected with the connecting port. According to the circuit structure of the charging trolley, a single interface can be connected with a charger and equipment to be charged, the cost is reduced, and the operation is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of charging carts for new energy vehicles, and specifically to a circuit structure of a charging cart. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the number of new energy vehicles has been growing, which has put higher requirements on the charging conditions of new energy vehicles. Therefore, charging carts came into being.

[0003] However, the existing charging carts have a complex structure and high design and manufacturing costs, which significantly limits the development and popularization of new energy vehicles. In addition, the existing charging carts usually have separate charging circuits and energy replenishment circuits. When replenishing the charging cart, it is necessary to connect the gun body of the charging pile to the energy replenishment interface of the charging cart, and when the charging cart is charging a new energy vehicle, it is necessary to connect the charging gun of the charging cart to the charging interface of the new energy vehicle. During the above operations, interface connection errors are often prone to occur, leading to serious safety accidents. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of charging cart that is simple and convenient to operate, thereby promoting the healthy development of new energy vehicles. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a circuit structure for a charging cart. The circuit structure of this solution can reduce the manufacturing cost of the charging cart, and has a simple structure and is easy to operate.

[0005] The circuit structure for charging a small vehicle provided in the present application includes a battery and a connection port, a charging controller and a battery manager;

[0006] An energy replenishment circuit and a charging circuit are provided between the battery and the connection port, the energy replenishment circuit is used to store electrical energy in the battery, and the charging circuit is used to transmit the electrical energy stored in the battery to the device to be charged;

[0007] In the charging circuit, a voltage converter is provided between the battery and the connection port, and the voltage converter is used to convert the voltage in the battery into the voltage required by the device to be charged, and the charging controller is electrically connected to the voltage converter and is used to regulate the voltage output by the voltage converter;

[0008] In the energy replenishment circuit, a first switch is provided between the battery and the connection port, and the battery manager is electrically connected to the first switch and is used to control the on and off of the first switch to control the connection or disconnection of the energy replenishment circuit;

[0009] A first single-pole double-throw relay is provided between the battery manager and the charging controller, a first terminal of the first single-pole double-throw relay is connected to the charging controller, a second terminal of the first single-pole double-throw relay is connected to the battery manager, and a common terminal of the first single-pole double-throw relay is connected to the connection port;

[0010] The connection port is used to connect to an external device, and determine whether the external device is a device to be charged or a charger, and determine the state of the circuit structure according to the type of the external device. When the type of the external device is a device to be charged, the circuit structure corresponds to a discharge state, and when the type of the external device is a charger, the circuit structure corresponds to a charging state;

[0011] The charging controller is used to control the switch of the first single-pole double-throw relay to close to the first terminal or the second terminal according to the circuit state returned by the connection port.

[0012] Optionally, when the switch of the first single-pole double-throw relay is closed to the first terminal, the connection port transmits the charging requirement information of the device to be charged to the charging controller through the first communication line; when the switch of the first single-pole double-throw relay is closed to the second terminal, the battery manager transmits the battery's energy replenishment requirement information to the connection port through the second communication line.

[0013] Optionally, the internal power supply of the battery manager is connected in series with two resistors and then grounded, a second switch is arranged between the two resistors, and the voltage value between the two resistors changes according to the closing and opening of the second switch, and the voltage value is used by the charging cart to determine whether the connection port is connected to the charger.

[0014] Optionally, a discharge positive relay is also provided between the positive electrode of the battery and the positive electrode of the voltage converter, and the discharge positive relay is connected in parallel with a shunt circuit, and the shunt circuit is provided with a pre-charge relay and a pre-charge resistor connected in series. When the circuit structure is in a discharge state, the charging controller controls the pre-charge relay to close so as to shunt the current flowing through the discharge positive relay through the pre-charge resistor.

[0015] Optionally, the battery manager is connected to the input positive electrode and the input negative electrode of the voltage converter for performing discharge adhesion detection;

[0016] The first switch includes a positive charging relay, and the battery manager is connected between the positive charging relay and the connection port, and is used to perform charging adhesion detection on the positive charging relay.

[0017] Optionally, one end of the coil of the first single-pole double-throw relay is grounded, and the other end is connected to the positive power pin of the charging controller. When the circuit structure state returned by the connection port is a discharge state, the internal power supply of the charging controller generates current to close the switch of the first single-pole double-throw relay to the second terminal, and the current provided by the power supply of the connection port flows through the first single-pole double-throw relay to the circuit where the second switch is located.

[0018] Optionally, a diode is provided at the positive power pin of the battery manager, the cathode of the diode is connected to the positive power pin of the battery manager, the anode of the diode is connected to the second terminal of the first switch, and the diode is used to prevent the current of the positive power pin of the battery manager from flowing to the current of the connection port;

[0019] The diode is connected in series with the second coil and then connected to the positive power pin of the connection port. The second coil is used to control the closing and opening of the second switch through the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through it to determine whether the connection port is connected to the charger.

[0020] Optionally, a third coil is connected in parallel to the second coil, and a third switch is provided on the second communication line. The third coil is used to control whether the third switch is connected to one end of the second communication line through a magnetic field generated by a current flowing therethrough. When the third switch is closed to one end of the second communication line, the second communication line is connected between the battery manager and the connection port to transmit the battery's energy replenishment demand information to the connection port through the second communication line.

[0021] Optionally, in the charging circuit, a discharge output relay is provided between the voltage converter and the connection port, a discharge negative relay is further provided between the battery and the voltage converter, and a charge negative relay is further provided between the battery and the connection port; the discharge negative relay and the charge negative relay are electrically connected to the battery manager;

[0022] When the connection port returns to the energy replenishment state, the battery manager controls the charging positive relay and the charging negative relay to close, so that the energy replenishment circuit is turned on to perform the energy replenishment task;

[0023] When the connection port returns to the discharge state, the battery manager controls the discharge positive relay and the discharge negative relay to close, and the charging controller controls the discharge output relay to close, so that the charging circuit is turned on to perform the charging task for the vehicle to be charged.

[0024] Optionally, the charging circuit further includes a heating relay;

[0025] The switch ends of the heating relay are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery to be connected in series with the heating film inside the battery;

[0026] The coil of the heating relay is controlled by the battery manager. When the switch of the heating relay is closed, the heating relay generates heat using the current output by the battery to heat the charging circuit.

[0027] Optionally, the charging circuit further includes a first shunt;

[0028] The first shunt is arranged between the output negative relay and the negative pole of the connection port;

[0029] When current flows through the first shunt, the current flowing out of the voltage converter is measured using a voltage drop generated by the current.

[0030] Optionally, a fuse is provided on the positive output line of the battery, and when the current flowing through the fuse exceeds a threshold value, the fuse is blown and the circuit on the positive output line is disconnected.

[0031] Optionally, a second shunt is provided on the negative output line of the battery, and the second shunt measures the current output by the battery.

[0032] Optionally, the detection pin of the connection port is connected to ground via a resistor in series;

[0033] Among them, a normally closed switch is provided between the resistor and the ground wire, and the normally closed switch is used to enable the detection pin of the connection port to determine whether it is currently in a discharge state or a charging state, and synchronize the discharge state or the charging state to the charging controller.

[0034] Optionally, at the moment when the connection port is connected to the charger, the normally closed switch is disconnected, and the energy compensation voltage is a first voltage value;

[0035] The connection port is connected to the charger, the normally closed switch is closed, and the energy replenishment voltage is a second voltage value;

[0036] At the moment when the connection port is connected to the device to be charged, the normally closed switch is disconnected, and the discharge voltage is a third voltage value;

[0037] The connection port is connected to the device to be charged, the normally closed switch is closed, and the discharge voltage is a fourth voltage value;

[0038] The connection port is determined to be in an energy replenishment state by the energy replenishment voltage changing from a first voltage value to a second voltage value;

[0039] The connection port is determined to be in a discharging state when the discharge voltage changes from a third voltage value to a fourth voltage value.

[0040] The present application also provides a circuit control method, including any one of the above circuit structures, comprising: when a connection port is connected to a charger, a detection pin of the connection port obtains an energy replenishment voltage, and determines that the connection port is in an energy replenishment state according to the energy replenishment voltage, and sends the energy replenishment state information to a battery manager through a first communication bus, so that the energy replenishment controller performs an energy replenishment process;

[0041] When the connection port is connected to a device to be charged, the detection pin of the connection port obtains a discharge voltage, and determines that the connection port is in a discharge state based on the discharge voltage, and sends the discharge state information to a charging controller through a second communication bus, so that the charging controller executes a charging process.

[0042] The present application also provides a charging cart, comprising any one of the above-mentioned circuit structures, wherein the gun body of the charging cart is connected to the circuit structure via a connection port.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages:

[0044] The circuit structure for charging a small car provided by the present application integrates the charging circuit and the energy replenishment circuit between the battery and the connection port in one space and leads out through a connection port. At the same time, the charging controller and the battery manager determine and switch the corresponding control circuit according to the connection status of the connection port, thereby controlling the conduction and disconnection of the charging circuit and the energy replenishment circuit. By applying this circuit structure, the technical effect of providing a charging interface and an energy replenishment interface in one connection port is achieved, breaking the limitation of the prior art that only one interface can be charged and the other interface can be discharged, so that the number of hardware of the charging device is intuitively reduced, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the charging device. Through the identification of the connection port and the coordinated control of the controller; there is no need for the user to select the connection interface, making the user's use process simple and convenient, which has promoted the popularization and service improvement of new energy vehicles.

[0045] The circuit structure provided by the present application integrates the battery manager and the charging controller at the same connection port. The connection port can generate a judgment on the energy replenishment state or the discharge state. Since the connection port is connected to the battery manager and the charging controller through the first communication line and the second communication line respectively, the state can be fed back to the energy replenishment controller and the charging controller so that the energy replenishment controller and the charging controller control the execution of the energy replenishment task or the charging task. Since the scheme integrates the battery manager and the charging controller into the same connection port, the energy replenishment or discharge process can be realized through the connection port, thereby reducing the production cost of the charging cart. In addition, during the user's use, energy replenishment or discharge can be realized through only one connection port, so the scheme also improves the use efficiency of the charging cart.

[0046] The circuit control method provided in the present application, after the connection port is connected to an external device, the current state can be determined to be a charging state or a discharging state by self-judgment of the voltage, and then the corresponding circuit is controlled to realize the charging or discharging process. Therefore, during use, the user does not need to select the charging interface when charging, but selects the charging interface when charging the device to be charged, that is, only the connection port needs to be connected to the external device, and the corresponding charging or discharging process can be automatically judged and carried out, which improves the user experience.

[0047] The charging cart provided by the present application includes a gun body and a circuit structure. The circuit structure is designed based on the aforementioned circuit structure, and the control method of the charging cart is implemented in combination with the control method of the aforementioned circuit. Therefore, by using the charging cart of the present application, the purpose of replenishing the energy of the charging cart or transmitting the electric energy of the charging cart to the device to be charged can be achieved through the connection between the gun body and the outside. The design cost of the charging cart is reduced in terms of the number of hardware, while improving the use efficiency of the charging cart. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application scenario of the charging cart provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Figure 2 This is a first schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the charging cart provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0050] Figure 3 A second schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the charging cart provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] Figure 4 This is a first partial schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the charging cart provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0052] Figure 5 A second partial schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the charging cart provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0053] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the external structure of the charging cart provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] Many specific details are described in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed below.

[0055] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0056] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0057] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", "set" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0058] The charging cart is a device for charging new energy vehicles. The charging cart generally needs to store enough electric energy from the charging pile, and then move to the location of the vehicle to be charged, and transfer the pre-stored electric energy to the vehicle to be charged, so as to charge the vehicle to be charged. The energy storage process of the existing charging cart is as follows: the stored electric energy is obtained from the charging pile by connecting the gun on the charging pile with the socket (charging seat) on the charging cart. The discharge process of the existing charging cart (charging the vehicle to be charged) is as follows: insert the charging gun of the charging cart into the charging interface of the vehicle to be charged, and transfer the electric energy stored in the charging cart to the vehicle to be charged, so as to charge the vehicle to be charged. It can be seen that the charging cart in the prior art has two interfaces: a charging seat for energy replenishment and a charging gun for discharge.

[0059] The charging seat on the charging cart is only used to recharge the charging cart itself, and the connected circuit is the energy recharge circuit. Once the charging seat of the charging cart is connected to the gun of the charging pile, the energy recharge process can be started. Correspondingly, the charging gun on the charging cart is only used to charge the vehicle to be charged, and the connected circuit is the discharge circuit. Once the charging gun of the charging cart is connected to the charging interface of the vehicle to be charged, the discharge process can be started. It can be seen that the energy recharge circuit and the discharge circuit of the charging cart in the prior art are separate and connected to different interfaces.

[0060] When using the charging cart, if the user wants to store energy for the charging cart, the charging gun of the charging pile needs to be plugged into the charging seat of the charging cart. If the user wants to charge the vehicle to be charged, the charging gun of the charging cart needs to be plugged into the charging port of the vehicle to be charged. The users here can include the owners of the vehicles to be charged and the on-site operators of the charging cart. It can be seen that during use, the user needs to select one of the two ports of the charging cart and connect it to the external device to achieve the desired effect.

[0061] The control and use of the charging cart in the prior art are described above. The technical solution provided by the present application is described below in the embodiments.

[0062] First embodiment

[0063] The present application embodiment provides a circuit structure of a charging vehicle. Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 Understand the embodiments of the present application. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application scenario of the charging cart provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 This is a first schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the charging cart provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 A second schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the charging cart provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 and Figure 5They are Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of the circuit structure after being split into two parts. Figure 4 and Figure 5 After connecting in a specific way, you can Figure 3 The charging gun and the connection port in the above figure are of the same structure, but are split into two parts for circuit display. In fact, they are the same connection interface.

[0064] In the embodiments of the present application, charging refers to the transfer of electric energy stored in the battery to other devices for charging. This process is considered discharging for the charging cart. For example, the electric energy stored in the battery of the charging cart is transferred to the new energy vehicle to be charged. This process can be regarded as the discharge process of the charging cart for the vehicle to be charged. The corresponding charging circuit is a circuit for charging external devices. Recharging refers to the process of storing electric energy in the battery. For example, the electric energy of the charging pile is transferred to the charging cart, and the charging cart stores electric energy for its own battery. The corresponding energy replenishment circuit is a circuit used to store energy in the battery of the charging cart itself. In the following text, charging (discharging) and energy replenishment may appear multiple times. The process of charging the new energy vehicle to be charged is the charging process of the charging cart, and the process of replenishing the charging cart with the charging pile is the energy replenishment process of the charging cart. Figure 1 As shown, the charging cart 101 charges the vehicle to be charged 102, and the charging cart 101 can also obtain electric energy from the charger and store it in its own battery. In the above two processes, the connection interface of the charging cart is the same.

[0065] New energy vehicles are essentially electric vehicles, so the new energy vehicles, new energy vehicles, electric vehicles, electric vehicles, and vehicles to be charged that may appear in the following text all have the same meaning.

[0066] The circuit structure of the charging cart provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a battery 201 and a connection port 202 , a charging controller 203 and a battery manager 204 .

[0067] An energy replenishment circuit and a charging circuit are provided between the battery and the connection port, wherein the energy replenishment circuit is used to store electric energy for the battery, and the charging circuit is used to deliver the electric energy stored in the battery to the device to be charged. The battery is generally a high-voltage battery, which is used to store and release high-voltage electricity to provide sufficient power and endurance for the charging cart. The battery generally adopts a chemical system such as a lithium-ion battery or a lithium cobalt oxide battery. These batteries have a relatively high operating voltage, usually between several hundred volts and one thousand volts. Therefore, when the high-voltage battery of the charging cart is discharged, the output voltage is very large, but the charging voltage that the new energy vehicle to be charged can accept is usually lower than the voltage directly output by the charging cart. The specific voltage size is related to the type of vehicle charging system. Generally speaking, the charging of electric vehicles is divided into alternating current charging (AC charging) and direct current fast charging (DC fast charging), and the voltage ranges of the two are different.

[0068] AC charging is usually carried out at home or in a public charging station, using alternating current to charge the vehicle. This method has a slower charging speed, but is suitable for overnight charging or long-term parking. Home charging: Use 220V single-phase electricity (may be 240V in some countries). Public AC charging station: Common is 220V single-phase electricity or 380V three-phase electricity. Direct current fast charging (DC fast charging) DC fast charging uses direct current to directly charge the vehicle battery, which can greatly shorten the charging time and is suitable for situations where power needs to be replenished quickly, such as mid-way charging during long-distance travel. Voltage range: usually between 200V and 1000V. For some high-performance electric vehicles, the fast charging voltage may be higher, such as 800V or even 1000V systems, to achieve faster charging speeds. It can be seen from this that when the rated voltage of the high-voltage battery in the charging car remains unchanged, it is impossible to directly provide a matching voltage value for each vehicle. Therefore, it is necessary to set a voltage converter in the charging circuit.

[0069] In the charging circuit, a voltage converter 205 is provided between the battery 201 and the connection port 202. The voltage converter is used to convert the voltage in the battery into the voltage required by the device to be charged. The charging controller 203 is electrically connected to the voltage converter 205 for regulating the voltage output by the voltage converter.

[0070] The voltage converter may be a DC voltage converter, which can convert the high-voltage DC power in the battery into the low-voltage power required by the device to be charged, and output it to the device to be charged through the connection port to charge the device to be charged. In one embodiment, the voltage converter may use a 60kW DC-DC converter (DC-DC voltage converter) to convert the DC voltage of the battery in the charging cart into the DC voltage required by the vehicle to be charged.

[0071] In the energy replenishment circuit, a first switch 206 is provided between the battery 201 and the connection port 202, and the battery manager 204 is electrically connected to the first switch 202 for controlling the on and off of the first switch to control the connection or disconnection of the energy replenishment circuit.

[0072] In actual operation of the battery, for safety reasons, the energy replenishment and charging processes will not be performed at the same time, that is, the energy replenishment circuit and the charging circuit will not be closed at the same time. Specifically, when in the charging state, the charging circuit is turned on and the energy replenishment circuit is turned off; when in the energy replenishment state, the charging circuit is turned off and the energy replenishment circuit is turned on.

[0073] In one embodiment, the first switch may be a positive charging relay and a negative charging relay, and the battery manager controls the opening and closing of the first switch by controlling the current on the corresponding coils in the positive charging relay and the negative charging relay. When the first switch is opened, the energy replenishment circuit is disconnected, and when the first switch is closed, the energy replenishment circuit is turned on. The positive charging relay and the negative charging relay work together to ensure that the charging process is both efficient and safe. The positive charging relay is responsible for managing the flow of current, and the negative charging relay is responsible for disconnecting the current connection at an appropriate time to jointly protect the battery and charging equipment of the electric vehicle. The effective operation of both is the key to the smooth charging process of the electric vehicle. Among them, the positive charging relay controls the flow of current and is mainly used to start and manage the charging process of the charging trolley, ensuring safe and reliable current transmission between the charging trolley and the charging facility. At the beginning of charging, the positive charging relay is closed, allowing current to flow from the charging pile to the battery of the charging trolley, and is responsible for monitoring and adjusting the current size to adapt to the capacity and requirements of the charging pile and the battery of the charging trolley. Ensure the safety and efficiency of the charging process and prevent battery overload or other safety problems. The negative charging relay controls the end of the charging process, that is, disconnects the current connection. It usually works when the charging cart is fully charged or a fault occurs, ensuring that the current transmission is stopped at the appropriate time to avoid battery overcharging or other potential safety risks. The negative charging relay is usually turned on when charging is completed or an abnormal situation occurs, cutting off the current and stopping the charging process. It may also play a power-off protection role in system failures or emergencies to protect the charging equipment and charging cart; it can prevent battery overcharging, extend battery life, and provide a safe power-off function when problems occur in the charging equipment or charging cart to avoid damage or accidents.

[0074] A first single-pole double-throw relay is arranged between the battery manager 204 and the charging controller 203, wherein a first terminal of the first single-pole double-throw relay is connected to the charging controller, a second terminal of the first single-pole double-throw relay is connected to the battery manager, and a common terminal of the first single-pole double-throw relay is connected to the connection port.

[0075] The battery manager is a controller for managing the energy replenishment of the charging cart, which can also be called BMS (battery management system). Its main functions include controlling and managing the battery of the charging cart and the communication lines and circuits related to the battery. The charging controller is a controller for the external discharge of the charging cart, which can also be called CCU (charging controller). Its main functions include controlling the communication lines and circuits related to the discharge. The single-pole double-throw relay includes a single-pole double-throw switch and a corresponding coil. The current passing through the coil can control the closing direction of the single-pole double-throw switch, thereby determining the circuit connected to the common end. The first terminal of the first single-pole double-throw relay is one terminal of the single-pole double-throw switch, and the second terminal is the other terminal of the single-pole double-throw switch.

[0076] The connection port 202 is used to connect to an external device, and determine whether the external device is a device to be charged or a charger, and determine the state of the circuit structure according to the type of the external device. When the external device type is a device to be charged, the circuit structure corresponds to a discharge state, and when the external device type is a charger, the circuit structure corresponds to a charging state.

[0077] The connection port 202 can be connected to a charger to recharge the charging cart, or it can be connected to a device to be charged to charge the device to be charged. When the charging cart is recharging itself, an external charger (charging pile) is connected, and the recharging circuit is turned on and starts working. When the charging cart is charging an external charging device, the charging circuit is turned on and starts working to deliver power to the device to be charged.

[0078] In an embodiment of the present application, the energy replenishment circuit and the charging circuit are both connected to the connection port from one end of the battery through different components. That is to say, the solution of the present application integrates the energy replenishment circuit and the charging circuit into the same interface. In practical applications, both charging and energy replenishment can be completed through the interface. In the actual operation of the battery, for safety reasons, the discharge and charging processes will not be carried out at the same time, that is, the energy replenishment circuit and the charging circuit will not be closed at the same time. Specifically, when in the energy replenishment state, the charging circuit is disconnected and the energy replenishment circuit is turned on; when in the charging state, the energy replenishment switch is disconnected and the charging circuit is turned on. The charging controller participates in the control of the charging circuit and the energy replenishment circuit.

[0079] The charging controller is used to control the switch of the first single-pole double-throw relay to close to the first terminal or the second terminal according to the circuit state returned by the connection port. In one embodiment, the second terminal of the switch of the single-pole double-throw relay is set to the normally closed end, and the first terminal is set to the normally open end. In the initial state, the switch of the single-pole double-throw relay is closed to the second terminal (normally closed end). When the coil provides sufficient current, a magnetic field is generated around the coil, causing the switch of the first single-pole double-throw relay to close to the first terminal (normally open end). The current on the coil of the first single-pole double-throw relay is controlled by the charging controller.

[0080] Please also see Figure 4 and Figure 5 . Figure 4 and Figure 5 Actually Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the local split circuit structure is as follows: Figure 4 The 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 terminals are respectively Figure 5 After the 7, 8, 9, 9, 10, and 11 terminals in the figure are connected accordingly, a complete circuit structure diagram can be obtained. In one embodiment, when the switch of the first single-pole double-throw relay KBC is closed to the first terminal (normally open terminal), the connection port transmits the charging demand information of the device to be charged to the charging controller through the first communication line, and when the switch of the first single-pole double-throw relay is closed to the second terminal (normally closed terminal), the battery manager transmits the battery's energy replenishment demand information to the connection port through the second communication line. The first communication line is the wire between the S+ pin of the BMS in the figure and the S+ pin of the connection port. The second communication line is the wire between the S+ pin of the CCU in the figure and the S+ pin of the connection port.

[0081] When the switch of the first single-pole double-throw relay KBC is closed to the first terminal (normally closed terminal), the connection port transmits the charging demand information of the device to be charged to the charging controller through the first communication line. The first communication line is a wire connecting the communication port of the connection port and the communication port of the charging controller, through which the charging demand information of the device to be charged can be transmitted. The demand information can be used by the charging controller to adjust the voltage output by the voltage controller.

[0082] When the switch of the first single-pole double-throw relay is closed to the second terminal (normally open terminal), the battery manager BMS transmits the battery's energy replenishment demand information to the connection port through the second communication line. The second communication line is a wire directly connected between the communication port of the connection port and the communication port of the battery manager. The battery manager transmits the energy replenishment demand information of its own battery to the connection port through the wire, and the energy replenishment information required by the battery of the charging vehicle is transmitted to the connection port, and the connection port then sends the information to the charger, so that the charger can adjust the parameters of the energy replenishment power output therefrom.

[0083] When the charging trolley is connected to the vehicle to be charged, the charging trolley needs to determine whether the charging trolley and the vehicle to be charged are successfully connected. The battery manager can be used for determination in this application.

[0084] In one embodiment, the internal power supply U2 of the battery manager is connected in series with two resistors and then grounded. A second switch KB1 is provided between the two resistors. The voltage value between the two resistors changes according to the closing and opening of the second switch. The voltage value is used for the charging cart to determine whether the connection port is connected to the charger. The internal power supply U2 of the battery manager can provide a voltage of 12V. When the second switch is opened, the voltage value between the two resistors (R5 and RB) is 12V. When the second switch is closed, the voltage value between the two resistors becomes 6V. Therefore, it is possible to determine whether the charging cart is successfully connected to the charger by measuring the voltage value between the two resistors. The opening and closing of the second switch is controlled by the current on the corresponding second coil.

[0085] In one embodiment, a discharge positive relay 401 is further provided between the positive electrode of the battery and the positive electrode of the voltage converter, and the discharge positive relay is connected in parallel with a shunt circuit, and the shunt circuit is provided with a pre-charge relay 402 and a pre-charge resistor 403 connected in series. When the circuit structure is in a discharge state, the charging controller controls the pre-charge relay to close so as to shunt the current flowing through the discharge positive relay through the pre-charge resistor.

[0086] The discharge positive relay protects the battery and system safety by controlling the start and end of the current, ensuring a stable and reliable discharge process. The discharge positive relay controls the current output from the battery to the external load (such as a motor, electronic equipment, etc.); it is responsible for starting the discharge process and allowing the current to flow from the positive electrode of the battery. When discharge is required, the discharge positive relay closes, allowing current to flow from the positive electrode of the battery to the load. It is usually controlled by the battery management system (BMS), and whether to close is determined based on system requirements (i.e. whether to charge externally) and the battery status. Therefore, the discharge positive relay can ensure the start and management of the discharge process, enable the battery to provide the required power to the load, and prevent excessive current output, protecting the battery and circuit from overheating or other damage.

[0087] In order to protect the circuit, when the battery starts to discharge, the charging controller controls the pre-charge relay to close to prevent the discharge positive relay from sticking. Before the discharge (external charging) starts, the charging controller controls the pre-charge relay to close, and the pre-charge resistor will shunt so that the discharge positive relay pre-charges the battery of the vehicle to be charged through a lower voltage to smoothly introduce the charging current and avoid sudden high current shocks to the battery of the vehicle to be charged, thereby extending the life of the battery of the vehicle to be charged and the charging trolley, and reducing energy loss during the charging process. The pre-charge relay ensures that the capacitor or battery voltage is within a safe range before connecting the charging trolley and the electric vehicle battery, which avoids high current shocks caused by voltage differences at the beginning of charging, thereby protecting the electronic components and charging equipment of the electric vehicle. The pre-charge resistor is a resistor used to limit the pre-charge current, usually used with the pre-charge relay to ensure a smooth transition of the current during the pre-charge stage. The pre-charge relay is managed by the charging controller of the charging trolley. When charging is ready to start, the charging controller disconnects the pre-charge relay, allowing the charging current to enter the battery system of the electric vehicle through the main circuit.

[0088] Adding pre-charging relays and pre-charging resistors in the charging circuit protects the safety and longevity of electric vehicles and charging equipment by controlling and stabilizing the voltage and current changes during the charging process. These technologies not only improve charging efficiency, but also enhance the safety of users and equipment.

[0089] In one embodiment, the battery manager is connected to the positive input and the negative input of the voltage converter for discharge adhesion detection; the first switch includes a positive charging relay 404, and the battery manager is connected between the positive charging relay and the connection port for charging adhesion detection of the positive charging relay. Since the battery of the charging cart is a high-voltage battery, in order to prevent the voltage passing through the circuit from being too large for a moment, causing the charging circuit to stick, a pre-charge relay and a pre-charge resistor are combined, and the battery manager and the voltage converter are connected to jointly perform discharge adhesion detection.

[0090] In one embodiment, a diode 405 is provided at the positive power pin of the battery manager, the cathode of the diode is connected to the positive power pin of the battery manager, the anode of the diode is connected to the second terminal of the first switch, and the diode is used to prevent the current of the positive power pin of the battery manager from flowing to the current of the connection port. The diode is unidirectional, and if the current flowing from the positive electrode to the negative electrode is greater than 0.7V, current will flow through the diode. The diode here is to control the unidirectional flow of current in the circuit to avoid misleading the voltage detection between the two resistors R5 and RB near the power supply U2 inside the battery manager. So far, the above diode part can be set to an open circuit, but considering that when the BMS itself is underpowered or disconnected, the BMS is not connected to the power supply, and cannot work normally and cannot perform the energy replenishment process. Therefore, the positive power pin of the BMS also needs to obtain power from the power output pin of the connection port. Therefore, a diode is set here, which can control the direction of current flow and provide effective protection for the power supply of the BMS.

[0091] The diode 405 is connected in series with the second coil and then connected to the negative power supply pin of the connection port. The second coil is used to control the closing and opening of the second switch through the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through it to determine whether the connection port is connected to the charging port.

[0092] A third coil is connected in parallel to the second coil, and a third switch KB2 is provided on the second communication line. The third coil is used to control whether the third switch is connected to one end of the second communication line through the magnetic field generated by the current flowing therethrough. When the third switch is closed to one end of the second communication line, the second communication line is connected between the battery manager and the connection port to transmit the battery's energy replenishment demand information to the connection port through the second communication line. In one embodiment, the third switch can be a single-pole double-throw switch. When the magnetic field generated on the third coil causes the third switch to close, the second communication line is turned on. When the third coil is not affected by the magnetic field generated by the third coil, the first communication line is turned on. When the connection port is connected to the battery manager through the first single-pole double-throw relay, current flows through the third coil.

[0093] In one embodiment, one end of the coil 406 of the first single-pole double-throw relay KBC is grounded, and the other end is connected to the positive power pin of the charging controller. When the circuit structure state returned by the connection port is a discharge state, the internal power supply U1 of the charging controller generates current to close the switch of the first single-pole double-throw relay to the first terminal (normally open terminal). When the connection port detects that the device connected to the charging cart is a vehicle to be charged, the power pin of the charging controller outputs current, and the current passes through the corresponding coil near the first single-pole double-throw relay. The magnetic field generated around the coil controls the switch of the first single-pole double-throw relay to close to the first terminal. Correspondingly, when the connection port detects that the device connected to the charging cart is a charger, the switch of the first single-pole double-throw relay is closed to the second terminal (normally closed terminal), and the single-pole double-throw relay is connected to the positive power pin of the battery manager. At this time, the current on the connection port passes through the second coil and the third coil to control the closing of the second switch KB1 and the third switch KB2.

[0094] In one embodiment, in the charging circuit, a discharge output relay is provided between the voltage converter and the connection port, a discharge negative relay 409 is further provided between the battery and the voltage converter, and a charge negative relay 410 is further provided between the battery and the connection port; the discharge negative relay and the charge negative relay are electrically connected to the battery manager; when the connection port returns to the energy replenishment state, the battery manager controls the charge positive relay and the charge negative relay to close, so that the energy replenishment circuit is turned on to perform the energy replenishment task; when the connection port returns to the discharge state, the battery manager controls the discharge positive relay and the discharge negative relay to close, and the charging controller controls the discharge output relay to close, so that the charging circuit is turned on to perform the charging task for the vehicle to be charged.

[0095] The discharge output relay may include a discharge positive output relay 407 and a discharge negative output relay 408, which are used for insulation detection of the charging circuit. In order to ensure the safety of the charging process, protect the equipment, and ensure the compliance of the charging facilities, the charging system needs to be monitored for insulation before and during charging. There are two common methods for insulation detection: DC leakage test and AC impedance test. In the embodiment of this application, DC power is taken as an example. The first method, namely the DC leakage test method, is adopted here: by applying a small test voltage (lower than the working voltage) in the charging circuit, the leakage current flowing through the insulating material is measured, thereby calculating the insulation resistance. Specifically, pre-charging stage detection: before charging starts, the charging car will perform a preliminary detection of the insulation status of the electric vehicle and itself. If the insulation resistance is detected to be lower than the set threshold, the charging process is refused to start. Monitoring during charging: During the charging process, the charging car will continue to monitor the insulation status. If the insulation resistance is detected to drop to a dangerous level, the charging will be stopped immediately and an alarm will be issued. The output positive relay and the output negative relay are introduced here to measure the insulation. The output positive relay and the output negative relay are disconnected and two voltage values ​​are obtained respectively, and the insulation resistance value is calculated by the voltage difference.

[0096] The charging negative relay 410 and the discharging negative relay 409 are controlled by the current provided by the battery manager to open and close. The charging negative relay and the charging positive relay jointly control the on and off of the energy replenishment circuit. The discharging positive relay and the discharging negative relay jointly control the on and off of the charging circuit.

[0097] When the connection port returns a state of self-recharge, the battery manager controls the recharge circuit to be turned on to recharge the battery. When the connection port returns a state of charging the vehicle to be charged, the battery manager controls the charging circuit to be turned on to charge the vehicle to be charged.

[0098] In one embodiment, the charging circuit also includes a heating relay 411; the two ends of the switch of the heating relay are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery to be connected in series with the heating film inside the battery; the coil of the heating relay is controlled by the battery manager, and when the switch of the heating relay is closed, the heating relay uses the current output by the battery to generate heat to heat the charging circuit.

[0099] The heating relay is an electrical device used to control the high-voltage battery heating system. The heating relay can achieve temperature control and overheat protection. When heating is required, the heating relay closes and generates heat. When the temperature reaches the set value, the heating relay disconnects and stops heating. The heating relay also has an overheat protection function. When the heating system heats up abnormally or the temperature exceeds the safe range, the relay will automatically disconnect the circuit to avoid safety problems caused by overheating.

[0100] In an embodiment of the present application, the switch end of the heating relay and the heating film are connected in series. When the battery management system controls the heating relay coil end to have a potential difference of 12V, the heating relay switch end can be controlled to be closed, so that current passes through the heating film to generate heat. The heating film is generally a structure integrated inside the high-voltage battery, and may also include heating materials such as PTC and graphene, which is specifically determined by the battery manufacturer. In extremely cold weather (below 0°C, the discharge capacity of batteries such as lithium iron phosphate is very weak), the battery manager controls the heating relay to be closed, so that the battery releases a small current for self-heating. When the temperature meets the requirements, the relay will be disconnected.

[0101] In one embodiment, the charging circuit further includes a first shunt; the first shunt is disposed between the output negative relay and the negative pole of the connection port; when current flows through the first shunt, the current flowing out of the voltage converter is measured using the voltage drop generated by the current. Specifically, real-time monitoring information such as current magnitude, direction, and voltage can be measured.

[0102] A shunt is an electrical component used to measure current, often in situations where large currents need to be accurately measured. It does this by producing a small voltage drop proportional to the current passing through it. Shunts are widely used in ammeters, power supply equipment, DC motor controls, and battery management systems.

[0103] The basic principle of the shunt is to calculate the current (I) based on Ohm's law (V = I * R), that is, the voltage drop (V) across a known resistor (R). The shunt is usually made of low resistance, high precision resistor material. When current flows through the shunt, a very small voltage drop will be generated. This voltage drop can be measured and converted into a current value.

[0104] A shunt generally has the following main components:

[0105] Resistor: The core component, usually made of materials with high stability and low temperature coefficient such as manganese copper, constantan or nickel-chromium alloy.

[0106] Terminals: Used to connect the input and output terminals of the circuit to ensure that current flows through the shunt.

[0107] Bracket or Base: Some splitters come with a mounting bracket or base to attach to equipment or a panel.

[0108] The shunt has the advantages of high precision, wide range, low power consumption, simplicity and reliability. Since the shunt resistance value is extremely low and stable, it can accurately measure large currents; it is suitable for a wide range of current measurements from a few milliamperes to several thousand amperes; due to the small resistance value, the shunt itself consumes very low power; it has a simple structure, no moving parts, and high reliability. Therefore, the use of the shunt in the first embodiment of the present application can realize the statistical analysis of the discharge current to provide reliable data and suggestions for the operation side.

[0109] The two ends of the first shunt can be connected to the charging controller and the electric meter respectively, and both collect current information at the same time. In addition, the electric meter will be connected to the charging controller through a 485 communication line to transmit voltage, current, power and other information to the charging controller in real time.

[0110] In one embodiment, the charging circuit further includes a pre-charging relay and a pre-charging resistor, wherein the pre-charging relay is connected in series with the pre-charging resistor and as a whole is connected in parallel with the discharge positive relay;

[0111] When the high-voltage battery starts to discharge, the pre-charge relay is closed to shunt the current flowing through the discharge positive relay through the pre-charge resistor.

[0112] In order to protect the circuit, when the high-voltage battery starts to discharge, the charging controller controls the pre-charge relay to close to prevent the discharge positive relay from sticking. Before the discharge starts, the charging controller controls the pre-charge relay to close, and the pre-charge resistor will shunt so that the discharge positive relay pre-charges the capacitor or battery of the electric vehicle through a lower voltage to smoothly introduce the charging current and avoid sudden high current shocks to the battery, thereby extending the life of the battery and the charging pile and reducing energy loss during the charging process. The pre-charge relay ensures that the capacitor or battery voltage is within a safe range before connecting the charging trolley and the electric vehicle battery, which avoids high current shocks caused by voltage differences at the beginning of charging, thereby protecting the electronic components and charging equipment of the electric vehicle. The pre-charge resistor is a resistor used to limit the pre-charge current, usually used with the pre-charge relay to ensure a smooth transition of the current during the pre-charge stage. The pre-charge relay is managed by the charging controller of the charging trolley. When charging is ready to start, the charging controller disconnects the pre-charge relay, allowing the charging current to enter the battery system of the electric vehicle through the main circuit.

[0113] Adding pre-charging relays and pre-charging resistors to the charging circuit protects the safety and longevity of electric vehicles and charging equipment by controlling and stabilizing the voltage and current changes during the charging process. These technologies not only improve charging efficiency, but also enhance the safety of users and equipment, and are an indispensable part of modern electric vehicle charging technology.

[0114] In one embodiment, the positive electrode of the high-voltage battery is connected in parallel with the positive electrode of the charging circuit and the positive electrode of the charging line through a positive output line, and a fuse is connected to the positive output line; when the current flowing through the fuse exceeds a threshold value, the fuse is blown and the circuit on the positive output line is disconnected.

[0115] Fuses are mainly used to protect high-voltage battery systems from overcurrent. The main function of the fuse on the positive electrode of the high-voltage battery is to cut off the current when the current in the battery system exceeds the set range. This can prevent the battery from being damaged by abnormally high current, such as overload caused by battery short circuit or other circuit faults. In battery systems, especially when high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries are involved, positive fuses can effectively reduce the risk of fire caused by circuit failure or operating errors. Once the current exceeds the safe level, the fuse quickly cuts off the circuit to prevent further damage or danger. Fuses are usually designed as resettable or replaceable components, so that they can be repaired or replaced relatively easily when problems occur. This helps maintain the reliability and long-term performance of high-voltage battery systems. In practical applications, the rated parameters of the positive fuse need to be selected according to the current characteristics and operating conditions of the battery system. Generally, they are able to withstand high voltage and instantaneous high current to ensure reliable operation in both normal operation and abnormal conditions. Fuses must be able to respond quickly to abnormal currents to avoid irreversible damage or danger. Therefore, the design needs to take into account the rapidity and reliability of the response time.

[0116] In this embodiment, the fuse in the high voltage battery system ensures the reliability, safety and durability of the system.

[0117] Accordingly, a fuse may also be connected near the connection port to ensure the safety of the connection port during the charging process.

[0118] In one embodiment, the negative electrode of the high-voltage battery is connected in parallel with the negative electrode of the charging circuit and the negative electrode of the charging line through a negative electrode output line, and a second shunt is connected to the negative electrode output line. The second shunt measures the current output by the high-voltage battery to accurately monitor and provide the battery status of the high-voltage battery.

[0119] In a battery management system, a shunt helps monitor and manage the performance and safety of the battery. The specific principle can be found in the above introduction to the shunt, and here we simply describe the specific role of the second shunt.

[0120] Through precise current measurement, the second shunt can help monitor the battery's charging and discharging process to ensure that it operates within a safe operating range. If abnormal current is detected, such as overcurrent or short circuit conditions, the battery management system can take timely protective measures, such as disconnecting the circuit or sounding an alarm. The data provided by the second shunt is very important for the battery management system to perform energy metering (i.e. coulomb counting). Through precise current measurement, the BMS can better estimate the battery's state of charge (SoC) and state of health (SoH), thereby optimizing the use and life of the battery.

[0121] It can be seen that the second shunt on the negative electrode of the high-voltage battery is a key component in the battery management system. It provides accurate current measurement, helps monitor the status and performance of the battery, and ensures safe and optimized use. Through real-time monitoring and feedback, the shunt provides important support for the stable operation and long life of the battery system.

[0122] The circuit structure of the charging cart provided in the embodiment of the present application transmits the state to the energy replenishment controller and the charging controller through the communication between the connection port and the energy replenishment controller and the charging controller, so that the two can control the corresponding circuits to realize the energy replenishment or discharge of the charging cart. In this scheme, only one connection port is used, which can be connected to different types of external devices and can independently determine the state of energy replenishment or discharge, making the operation more convenient; at the same time, the structure of two interfaces in the prior art that are responsible for charging and discharging are integrated into one connection port, which significantly simplifies the circuit of the charging cart and saves production costs.

[0123] Second embodiment

[0124] The second embodiment of the present application further describes the circuit structure in detail based on the second embodiment of the present application, and the relevant parts can refer to the contents of the second embodiment.

[0125] When the connection port 202 is connected to the charger for energy replenishment, the voltage at the connection port 202 is the energy replenishment voltage, and the energy replenishment voltage is used to determine that the connection port 202 is in the energy replenishment state. When the connection port 202 is connected to the charged device for discharge, the voltage at the connection port 202 is the discharge voltage, and the discharge voltage is used to determine that the connection port is in the discharge state.

[0126] The battery manager is used to obtain the energy replenishment status returned by the connection port 202 from the connection port through the first communication line, so that the battery manager controls the battery to be replenished; the charging controller is used to obtain the discharge status returned by the connection port from the connection port through the second communication line, so that the charging controller controls the charging of the device to be charged.

[0127] In one embodiment, the connection port 202 is a gun body. In the following description, the gun body and the connection port have the same meaning. The battery manager is a controller used to manage the energy replenishment of the charging cart, which can also be called a BMS (battery management system). Its main functions include controlling and managing the battery of the charging cart and the communication lines and circuits related to the battery. The charging controller is a controller used for the external discharge of the charging cart, which can also be called a CCU (charging controller). Its main functions include controlling the communication lines and circuits related to discharge. Figure 1 As shown, the pins in the gun body are connected to the energy replenishment manager and the charging controller. The first communication line can generally be the vehicle CAN line ( Figure 3 The second communication line may be a wire between the detection pin CC1 of the connection port and the detection pin CC1 of the charging controller. The first communication line and the second communication line are used to transmit the status information obtained by the connection port to the battery manager and the charging controller respectively.

[0128] In one embodiment, the connection port can be used to connect to a charger, such as a charging pile. The connection port can also be used to connect to an external device to be charged, such as a new energy vehicle to be charged. When the connection port is connected to the charger, that is, when the connection port (gun body) is inserted into the charging socket of the charging pile, it means that the user wants to perform an energy replenishment operation for the charging car, but the charging car does not know that the user wants to perform an energy replenishment operation at this time. Therefore, a determination method is needed to realize that when the connection port is connected to the charging socket of the charging pile, the charging car can identify the current operation by itself and then control the internal circuit. Usually, when the connection port is connected to the socket of the charging pile or the socket of the vehicle to be charged, the voltage generated between the connection port and the socket is different. Therefore, the voltage at the time of connection can be measured from the connection port to determine whether the connection port is in an energy replenishment state or a discharge state at this time. In one embodiment, the determination method related to the energy replenishment voltage can better achieve the above purpose. When the connection port is connected to the charging socket of the charging pile, an energy replenishment voltage will be generated at the connection between the two. The value of the voltage can be used to determine the operating state of the connection port at this time, that is, whether it is an energy replenishment state. When the connection port is connected to the charging interface of the device to be charged, it indicates that the user wants to charge the new energy vehicle to be charged, and this process is the discharge process of the charging car. Therefore, in one embodiment, the determination method related to the discharge voltage can better realize the connection port to determine whether the user is performing the discharge process. When the connection port is connected to the charging interface of the new energy vehicle to be charged, a discharge voltage will be generated at the connection between the two. The value of the voltage can be used to determine the operating state of the connection port at this time, that is, whether it is in the discharge state.

[0129] According to the above description, the connection port can obtain the charging state or the discharging state, and then the battery manager can obtain the charging state from the connection port through the first communication line, so that the battery manager controls the charging-related circuits to realize the battery charging; correspondingly, the charging controller obtains the discharging state from the connection port through the second communication line, so that the charging controller controls the related circuits to perform the discharging task.

[0130] Based on the above data transmission process between the charging controller, the battery manager and the connection port, the connection lines between the three are described below.

[0131] The power pin 32 of the charging controller is connected to the power pin 12 of the connection port through a first relay 104 , and the first relay 104 is a single-pole double-throw relay.

[0132] The power pin A+ of the charging controller can be controlled by the charging controller to output current from the power pin A+ of the connection port to control the current output from the power pin A+ according to the connection state.

[0133] A relay is an electrical control device. When the input quantity (such as voltage, current, temperature, etc.) reaches a certain value, the relay will produce a predetermined action to connect or disconnect the circuit. Relays are usually used in automatic control systems to achieve automated operation and protection functions. The basic structure of a relay mainly includes: Coil: generates a magnetic field by energizing, causing the relay to operate; Iron core: magnetic conductive material, which concentrates the magnetic field and enhances the magnetic force; Armature: movable part, moves under the action of the magnetic force, triggering the switch action; Contact: switch part, the circuit is connected or disconnected by moving the armature. The main categories of relays include: electromagnetic relays, solid-state relays, thermal relays, time relays, current relays, etc.

[0134] A single-pole double-throw relay is a common electromagnetic relay. Unlike an ordinary relay, a single-pole double-throw relay has a common terminal, a normally open contact, and a normally closed contact. The common terminal is the input terminal of the relay. When the relay is actuated, the common terminal terminal will be connected to the normally open contact or the normally closed contact terminal. When the relay coil is not energized, the normally open contact terminal is disconnected. When the coil is energized, the common terminal is connected to the normally open contact terminal. When the relay coil is not energized, the normally closed contact terminal is connected. When the coil is energized, the common terminal is disconnected from the normally closed contact terminal. A single-pole double-throw relay is used in a control circuit to realize power switching, control circuit, and signal switching. In the second embodiment of the present application, a single-pole double-throw relay is mainly used in a control circuit.

[0135] The power pin A+ of the charging controller is connected to the power pin A+ of the connection port through a single-pole double-throw relay KBC. The first relay KBC includes a common terminal, a normally closed contact, and a normally open contact. Among them, the contact far away from the coil is a normally closed contact, and the contact close to the coil is a normally open contact. It can be understood that in the default state or initial state, the first relay KBC is always connected to the normally closed contact terminal. When the common terminal of the first relay KBC is connected to the normally open contact terminal, the power pin of the charging controller will be connected to the power pin of the connection port. When the connection port is connected to the outside, a voltage is generated, and a current will flow out from the power pin A+ of the connection port.

[0136] One end of the coil of the first relay KBC is grounded, and the other end is connected to the power pin A+ of the charging controller, and the common end of the first relay is connected to the power pin A+ of the connection port. The two ends of the coil of the first relay KBC are connected to the ground wire and the power pin A+ of the charging controller respectively. If there is power output on the power pin A+ of the charging controller, current will flow through the coil of the first relay KBC, so that the coil of the first relay KBC will close the switch to the normally open contact terminal.

[0137] When the switch of the first relay is closed to the normally closed terminal, the first relay is connected to the power pin of the battery manager. When the switch of the first relay KBC is closed to the normally closed contact terminal, the connection port is connected to the power pin A+ of the battery manager through the first relay.

[0138] When the switch of the first relay is closed to the normally open end, the first relay is connected to the power pin of the charging controller. When the switch end of the first relay KBC is closed to the normally open contact terminal, the connection port is connected through the first relay and the power pin A+ of the charging controller.

[0139] It can be seen that the first relay KBC can control the connection object of the power pin of the connection port, that is, it can choose to connect the power pin of the connection port to one of the power pin of the battery manager and the power pin of the charging controller to form a loop. The design of the first relay provides a strong basic support for the function switching of the connection port.

[0140] The charging controller is used to control the closing direction of the first relay according to the discharge state. In addition to the discharge state, the charging controller can also receive the energy replenishment state. After the charging controller obtains the judgment result (discharge state or energy replenishment state) through the second communication line, the switch closing direction of the first relay is controlled according to the energy replenishment state or the discharge state. If the obtained judgment result is the energy replenishment state, the first relay is in a default state and is ready for the energy replenishment process. If the judgment result is the discharge state, there is an output power supply on the power pin of the charging controller, and the output current acts on the coil of the first relay, so that the switch closing direction of the first relay changes, and the common end of the first relay is connected to the normally open contact terminal, which is connected to the power pin of the charging controller, and is ready for the discharge process.

[0141] The control circuit of the charging cart further includes a second relay; the signal transmission pin of the battery manager forms a signal transmission loop with the signal transmission pin of the connection port through the second relay. One end of the second relay KB2 is connected to the signal transmission pin S+ of the battery manager, and the other end is connected to the signal transmission pin S+ of the connection port. The formed signal transmission loop can be used to transmit charging requirement parameters related to the battery manager, such as the voltage value, power value, battery status, etc. required for charging, so that the charging gun can receive the parameters, and then communicate with the external device to select a suitable energy replenishment method.

[0142] The power pin A+ of the battery manager is connected to the power pin A+ of the connection port;

[0143] The detection pin A+ of the battery manager is connected to the ground in series with the switch end of the third relay KB1;

[0144] When the connection port is connected to the charger, the third relay KB1 is closed, and there is a voltage change at the detection pin of the battery manager, so that the battery manager can determine whether the connection port is connected to the charger.

[0145] The other end of the detection pin of the battery manager is connected to the voltage inside the battery manager. In one embodiment, since there is a 12V voltage inside the battery manager, when the connection port is not connected to any device, the voltage measured at the detection pin CC2 of the battery manager is 12V. If the connection port is connected to an external voltage, a current will pass through the coil of the third relay KB1, and the current will cause the switch end of the third relay KB1 to close. In this way, a complete loop can be formed at the detection pin of the battery manager. At this time, since a resistor RB is added to the circuit of the third relay KB1, the voltage measured at the detection pin CC2 changes from 12V to 6V. In other words, when the connection port detects the energy replenishment state, the power pin of the connection port has a voltage output. At this time, the coil of the third relay KB1 passes the current to close the switch, thereby causing the circuit where the third relay switch is located to be turned on. At this time, the voltage measured at the detection pin CC2 is 6V, that is, the voltage here changes from 12V to 6V, and it can be determined that the connection port is connected to the outside and the connection is completed. It is worth mentioning that, in theory, the circuit design of the third relay can be cancelled, because the discharge state and energy replenishment state at the detection pin of the connection port already include the connection state (whether connected) between the connection port and the device. Therefore, the voltage change at the detection pin of the connection port can be directly used to obtain the connection state between the connection port and the external device and the upcoming energy replenishment or discharge state.

[0146] A diode is provided on the positive power pin output line of the battery manager, and the second relay and the third relay are connected in parallel and in series with the diode, and are connected to the power pin of the connection port through the first relay. The unidirectional conduction of the diode provides a basis for circuit protection. The diode here is to control the unidirectional flow of current in the circuit to avoid misleading the voltage detection.

[0147] The power pin A+ of the battery manager forms a loop through the coil of the second relay KB2 and the coil of the third relay KB1.

[0148] The signal transmission pin S+ of the connection port is connected in series to the signal transmission pin S+ of the battery manager through the switch end of the second relay KB2.

[0149] The detection pin CC1 of the connection port is connected to ground via a series resistor;

[0150] A normally closed switch S is provided between the resistor and the ground wire, and the normally closed switch is used to make the detection pin CC1 of the connection port determine whether it is currently in a discharge state or a charging state. When the external device is connected to the connection port, it will go through two states: a semi-connected state and a connection completed state. In the two different states, the voltage at the connection port is different.

[0151] Among them, at the initial moment when the connection port is connected to the charger, the normally closed switch S is disconnected, and the energy replenishment voltage is a first voltage value; when the connection port is connected to the charger, the normally closed switch is closed, and the resistor is connected to the circuit at this time, and the energy replenishment voltage is a second voltage value; at the initial moment when the connection port is connected to the device to be charged, the normally closed switch is disconnected, and the discharge voltage is a third voltage value; when the connection port is connected to the device to be charged, the normally closed switch is closed, and the resistor is connected to the circuit at this time, and the discharge voltage is a fourth voltage value.

[0152] The connection port is determined to be in a replenishing state by changing the replenishing voltage from the first voltage value to the second voltage value; the connection port is determined to be in a discharging state by changing the discharge voltage from the third voltage value to the fourth voltage value. In one embodiment, the above-mentioned first voltage value is 2.55V, the second voltage value is 2.1V; the third voltage value is 6V, and the fourth voltage value is 4V. It should be noted that the above-mentioned voltage values ​​are only the preferred values ​​in the embodiments of the present application, and are not fixed and unique. Since the connection port in the second embodiment of the present application needs to meet the requirements of charging and replenishing at the same time, different voltage values ​​are used to judge the state. In theory, when the third voltage value and the fourth voltage value are generally 6V and 4V respectively, the second voltage value of the first voltage value can be set to be not equal to 6V or 4V.

[0153] In one embodiment, the second relay is a single-pole double-throw relay. In the second relay KB2, the contact close to the coil is a normally open contact (normally open end), and the contact far from the coil is a normally closed contact (normally closed end).

[0154] When the switch of the second relay KB2 is closed to the normally closed end, the signal transmission pin of the charging controller is connected to the signal transmission pin of the connection port through the second relay, so that the charging controller obtains the charging demand information;

[0155] When the switch of the second relay KB2 is closed to the normally open end, the signal transmission pin of the battery manager is connected to the signal transmission pin of the connection port through the second relay, so that the battery manager obtains the energy replenishment demand information.

[0156] The control circuit of the charging cart provided in the second embodiment of the present application first measures and determines the state through the connection port, and then transmits the state to the battery manager and the charging controller through the communication between the connection port and the battery manager and the charging controller, so that the two control the corresponding circuits to realize the energy replenishment or discharge of the charging cart. In this scheme, only one connection port is used, which can be connected to different types of external devices and can independently determine the state of energy replenishment or discharge. Therefore, there is no need to manually select the interface, which is more convenient in operation; at the same time, the structure in which the two interfaces in the prior art are responsible for charging and discharging are integrated into one connection port, and the circuit of the charging cart is significantly simplified, saving production costs.

[0157] Third embodiment

[0158] The third embodiment of the present application provides a circuit control method. The circuit control method corresponds to the circuit structure in the first and second embodiments, so the following description is only for illustration, and the relevant parts can be found in the above contents.

[0159] The circuit control method provided in the third embodiment of the present application is applied to any circuit structure in the first and second embodiments, and includes step S101 and step S102.

[0160] Step S101, when the connection port is connected to an external power source, the detection pin of the connection port obtains a charging voltage, and determines that the connection port is in a charging state according to the charging voltage, and sends the charging state information to the battery manager through the first communication bus, so that the battery manager performs the charging process. This step is used to achieve the purpose of charging the charging car itself. This step obtains the connection state of the connection port at this time and the function that needs to be switched. When the obtained state is a charging state, the corresponding charging circuit is controlled to be turned on, and the external device is used to charge the charging car.

[0161] Step S102, when the connection port is connected to the device to be charged, the detection pin of the connection port obtains the discharge voltage, and determines that the connection port is in the discharge state according to the discharge voltage, and sends the discharge state information to the charging controller through the second communication bus, so that the charging controller executes the charging process. This step is used to achieve the purpose of charging the external device. The stored electric energy is delivered to the external device to be charged to achieve self-discharge.

[0162] The circuit control method provided in the third embodiment of the present application measures the voltage through the connection port, and determines the current charging or discharging state according to the voltage. After the battery manager and the charging controller obtain the judgment result returned by the connection port, they control the circuit accordingly to implement the charging process or the discharging process. The circuit control method using this scheme can efficiently implement the judgment and execution of charging and discharging of a connection port.

[0163] Fourth embodiment

[0164] The fourth embodiment of the present application provides a charging cart. Since the charging cart of the fourth embodiment of the present application is implemented on the basis of the aforementioned circuit structure and control method, the following description of the charging cart is merely exemplary. For related content, please refer to the circuit structure and control method sections in the first, second and third embodiments.

[0165] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the charging cart provided in the embodiment of the present application. The fourth embodiment of the present application provides a charging cart 600, including a gun body 601, a driving wheel 602, and a handle 603. The driving wheel is driven by a motor to drive the charging cart forward; the handle can provide interactive conditions for direction control and speed control, and the travel state of the charging cart can be controlled by manipulating the handle (such as pressing a button, rotating the handle, adjusting the direction, etc.).

[0166] The charging cart provided in the fourth embodiment of the present application is designed based on the aforementioned circuit structure and is controlled in combination with the control method of the aforementioned circuit. Therefore, the charging cart provided in the fourth embodiment of the present application can realize the function of charging and discharging through a gun body, breaking the limitation of the prior art that only one interface can be charged and the other interface can be discharged, and fundamentally saving the production cost of the charging cart.

[0167] Although the present application is disclosed as above in the form of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any technical personnel in this field may make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be based on the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

[0168] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0169] The memory may include non-permanent storage in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0170] 1. Computer-readable media includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be used to store information by any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include non-transitory media such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0171] 2. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as methods, systems or computer program products. Therefore, the present application can take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

Claims

1. A circuit structure of a charging vehicle, characterized in that: Includes battery and connection ports, charge controller and battery manager; An energy replenishment circuit and a charging circuit are provided between the battery and the connection port, the energy replenishment circuit is used to store electrical energy in the battery, and the charging circuit is used to transmit the electrical energy stored in the battery to the device to be charged; In the charging circuit, a voltage converter is provided between the battery and the connection port, and the voltage converter is used to convert the voltage in the battery into the voltage required by the device to be charged, and the charging controller is electrically connected to the voltage converter and is used to regulate the voltage output by the voltage converter; In the energy replenishment circuit, a first switch is provided between the battery and the connection port, and the battery manager is electrically connected to the first switch and is used to control the on and off of the first switch to control the connection or disconnection of the energy replenishment circuit; A first single-pole double-throw relay is provided between the battery manager and the charging controller, a first terminal of the first single-pole double-throw relay is connected to the charging controller, a second terminal of the first single-pole double-throw relay is connected to the battery manager, and a common terminal of the first single-pole double-throw relay is connected to the connection port; The connection port is used to connect to an external device, and determine whether the external device is a device to be charged or a charger, and determine the state of the circuit structure according to the type of the external device. When the type of the external device is a device to be charged, the circuit structure corresponds to a discharge state, and when the type of the external device is a charger, the circuit structure corresponds to a charging state; The charging controller is used to control the switch of the first single-pole double-throw relay to close to the first terminal or the second terminal according to the circuit state returned by the connection port.

2. The circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the switch of the first single-pole double-throw relay is closed to the first terminal, the connection port transmits the charging requirement information of the device to be charged to the charging controller through the first communication line; when the switch of the first single-pole double-throw relay is closed to the second terminal, the battery manager transmits the energy replenishment requirement information of the battery to the connection port through the second communication line.

3. The circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal power supply of the battery manager is connected in series with two resistors and then grounded. A second switch is provided between the two resistors. The voltage value between the two resistors changes according to the closing and opening of the second switch. The voltage value is used by the charging cart to determine whether the connection port is connected to the charger.

4. The circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A discharge positive relay is also provided between the positive electrode of the battery and the positive electrode of the voltage converter. The discharge positive relay is connected in parallel with a shunt circuit. The shunt circuit is provided with a pre-charge relay and a pre-charge resistor connected in series. When the circuit structure is in a discharge state, the charging controller controls the pre-charge relay to close so as to shunt the current flowing through the discharge positive relay through the pre-charge resistor.

5. The circuit structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery manager is connected to the positive input electrode and the negative input electrode of the voltage converter for performing discharge adhesion detection; The first switch includes a positive charging relay, and the battery manager is connected between the positive charging relay and the connection port, and is used to perform charging adhesion detection on the positive charging relay.

6. The circuit structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the coil of the first single-pole double-throw relay is grounded, and the other end is connected to the positive power pin of the charging controller. When the circuit structure state returned by the connection port is a discharge state, the internal power supply of the charging controller generates current to close the switch of the first single-pole double-throw relay to the first terminal.

7. The circuit structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A diode is provided at the positive power pin of the battery manager, the cathode of the diode is connected to the positive power pin of the battery manager, the anode of the diode is connected to the second terminal of the first switch, and the diode is used to prevent the current of the positive power pin of the battery manager from flowing to the current of the connection port; The diode is connected in series with the second coil and then connected to the negative power supply pin of the connection port. The second coil is used to control the closing and opening of the second switch through the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through it to determine whether the connection port is connected to the charger.

8. The circuit structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: A third coil is connected in parallel to the second coil, and a third switch is provided on the second communication line. The third coil is used to control whether the third switch is connected to one end of the second communication line through a magnetic field generated by a current flowing therethrough. When the third switch is closed to one end of the second communication line, the second communication line is connected between the battery manager and the connection port to transmit the battery's energy replenishment demand information to the connection port through the second communication line.

9. The circuit structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the charging circuit, a discharge output relay is provided between the voltage converter and the connection port, a discharge negative relay is also provided between the battery and the voltage converter, and a charge negative relay is also provided between the battery and the connection port; the discharge negative relay and the charge negative relay are electrically connected to the battery manager; When the connection port returns to the energy replenishment state, the battery manager controls the charging positive relay and the charging negative relay to close, so that the energy replenishment circuit is closed to perform the energy replenishment task; When the connection port returns to the discharge state, the battery manager controls the discharge positive relay and the discharge negative relay to close, and the charging controller controls the discharge output relay to close, so that the charging circuit is turned on to perform the charging task for the vehicle to be charged.

10. The circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging circuit also includes a heating relay; The switch ends of the heating relay are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery to be connected in series with the heating film inside the battery; The coil of the heating relay is controlled by the battery manager. When the switch of the heating relay is closed, the heating relay generates heat using the current output by the battery to heat the charging circuit.

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