Automatic feeding and discharging mechanism

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automatic equipment, in particular to an automatic feeding and discharging mechanism which comprises a feeding frame, a receiving frame, a feeding conveying module, a receiving conveying module and a transferring module. The feeding frame is provided with a first layer body and a second layer body. The material receiving frame is the same as the feeding frame in structure and is opposite to the feeding frame, the feeding frame and the material receiving frame are each provided with a material box, the material boxes are used for storing workpieces, the first layer body is used for storing the material boxes full of the workpieces, and the second layer body is used for storing the empty material boxes; the feeding conveying module is arranged close to the feeding frame and used for driving the material boxes to be transferred into the first layer body or the second layer body. The material receiving and conveying module is arranged close to the material receiving frame, and the structure of the material receiving and conveying module is the same as that of the feeding and conveying module; the transferring module is arranged between the feeding conveying module and the receiving conveying module and used for transferring the workpieces between the material box and the machining equipment. The method has the effect of improving the working efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automation equipment, and in particular to an automated loading and unloading mechanism. Background Art

[0002] At present, circuit boards are an indispensable part of modern electronic devices, and their production efficiency and quality directly affect the performance and reliability of electronic products. The production and manufacturing process of circuit boards is complex and involves multiple steps, including but not limited to material preparation, inner layer production, lamination, drilling, electroplating, outer layer production, solder mask, silk screen, surface treatment, testing and assembly. In the related technology, when it is necessary to perform wire welding on the circuit board (hereinafter referred to as the workpiece), the staff must first transfer the workpiece in the storage box to the processing equipment, and then the processing equipment will perform wire welding on the workpiece. After the processing is completed, the staff will put the workpiece back into the box.

[0003] Regarding the above-mentioned related technologies: the loading and unloading operations are performed by staff, and the overall work efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to improve work efficiency, the present application provides an automated loading and unloading mechanism.

[0005] The present application provides an automatic loading and unloading mechanism, which adopts the following technical solutions: An automatic loading and unloading mechanism, comprising: A loading rack, on which a first layer body and a second layer body are respectively arranged; A material receiving rack, the material receiving rack has the same structure as the material loading rack and is arranged opposite to the material loading rack, the material loading rack and the material receiving rack are respectively provided with material boxes, the material boxes are used to store workpieces, the first layer is used to store material boxes full of workpieces, and the second layer is used to store empty material boxes; A loading and conveying module, disposed close to the loading rack, and used for driving the material box to be transported into the first layer body or the second layer body; A material receiving and conveying module is arranged close to the material receiving rack, and the structure of the material receiving and conveying module is the same as that of the material loading and conveying module; A transfer module is arranged between the loading and conveying module and the receiving and conveying module, and the transfer module is used to transfer the workpiece between the material box and the processing equipment.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, when the workpiece needs to be processed, the material box stored on the first layer is first moved to the loading and conveying module, and then the workpiece stored in the material box is transferred to the processing equipment by the transfer module, so that the processing equipment can process the workpiece. After the processing is completed, the transfer module transfers the workpiece to the material box on the receiving and conveying module for storage to complete the processing operation of the workpiece. Repeating the above process can complete the processing of multiple workpieces, which is conducive to the automatic loading and unloading of workpieces, and to a certain extent avoids the inefficiency and high error rate caused by manual operation, which is conducive to improving the speed and accuracy of the processing process. And when the workpieces stored in a material box are all transferred out by the transfer module, the loading and conveying module can transfer the empty material box to the second layer for storage, so that the material box full of workpieces and the empty material box can be stored on different layers respectively, so as to avoid the confusion of operation caused by mixed storage, and further improve the work efficiency.

[0007] Optionally, a first conveyor belt is respectively provided on the first layer and the second layer, the material box is placed on the first conveyor belt, the loading and conveying module includes a lifting assembly, a support plate and a second conveyor belt, the support plate is connected to the lifting assembly, the second conveyor belt is arranged on the support plate, the lifting assembly is used to drive the support plate to rise and fall, and the second conveyor belt is used to drive the material box to approach or move away from the loading rack.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when the material box needs to be transported between the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt, the lifting component is started first, and the lifting component drives the second conveyor belt to move through the support plate, so that the second conveyor belt is flush with the first conveyor belt on the first layer or the second layer, thereby making it convenient for the first conveyor belt to transport the fully loaded material box to the second conveyor belt, and convenient for the second conveyor belt to transport the empty material box to the first conveyor belt, so as to realize automatic feeding and recovery of the material box, which is beneficial to increase the speed of loading and unloading of workpieces, and significantly improve the accuracy of loading and unloading.

[0009] Optionally, a positioning assembly is provided on the support plate, and the positioning assembly is used to locate the position of the material box relative to the support plate.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the positioning component can accurately position the material box relative to the support plate to ensure that the material box is always in the correct position during the lifting and conveying process, which is beneficial to avoid deviation of the workpiece during the conveying process due to position offset of the material box, and further helps to improve the accuracy of the loading and unloading process.

[0011] Optionally, the positioning assembly includes a horizontal driving member, a vertical driving member, a first positioning plate and a second positioning plate, the horizontal driving member and the first positioning plate are respectively arranged on the support plate, one end of the first positioning plate extends to above the second conveyor belt and is located on the side of the second conveyor belt away from the loading rack, the vertical driving member is connected to the horizontal driving member, the second positioning plate is arranged on the vertical driving member and is arranged opposite to the first positioning plate, the vertical driving member is used to drive the second positioning plate to rise and fall, and the horizontal driving member is used to drive the vertical driving member to move horizontally.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when the material box is conveyed to the second conveyor belt, the end of the first positioning plate extending above the second conveyor belt can contact the material box, so that the material box no longer moves along the second conveyor belt, and at this time, the vertical driving member drives the second positioning plate to rise and fall, and the horizontal driving member drives the second positioning plate to move horizontally through the vertical driving member, so that the second positioning plate contacts the material box and adjusts the position of the material box to achieve precise positioning of the material box, so that the placement position of the material box on the second conveyor belt is more accurate and stable, thereby improving the accuracy of the workpiece in the subsequent processing process, and to a certain extent realizing efficient and stable operation in the process of automated loading and unloading.

[0013] Optionally, the transfer module includes a push rod assembly, a transfer assembly and a robotic arm, the push rod assembly is connected to the loading rack, the transfer assembly is arranged between the loading and conveying module and the receiving and conveying module, the push rod assembly is used to push the workpiece in the material box onto the transfer assembly, the transfer assembly is used to convey the workpiece into the material box on the receiving and conveying module, and the robotic arm is used to transfer the workpiece between the transfer assembly and the processing equipment.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, when the workpiece needs to be processed, the push rod assembly works to push the workpiece stored in the material box onto the transfer assembly, and the robotic arm transports the workpiece from the transfer assembly to the processing equipment for processing. After the workpiece is processed, the robotic arm puts the workpiece back on the transfer assembly, and then the transfer assembly transports the workpiece to the material box on the material receiving and conveying module, thereby facilitating the automatic transfer of the workpiece between the material box and the processing equipment, effectively improving the processing efficiency and accuracy, and to a certain extent avoiding the inefficiency and error problems caused by manual operation.

[0015] Optionally, the push rod assembly includes a connecting plate, a push rod driving member and a push rod, the connecting plate is connected to the loading rack, the push rod driving member is arranged on the connecting plate, and the push rod is slidably arranged on the connecting plate and connected to the output end of the push rod driving member.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the push rod driving member can drive the push rod to slide along the connecting plate, so as to facilitate the accurate pushing of the workpiece in the material box onto the transfer assembly to ensure the stable transmission of the workpiece, which is beneficial to improve the automation degree and accuracy of the loading and unloading process, and is beneficial to improving the processing efficiency.

[0017] Optionally, a rotating wheel is provided on the push rod driving member, a guide rail is provided on the connecting plate, the push rod is slidably arranged on the guide rail, a guide groove is opened on the push rod along its length direction, the rotating wheel is inserted into the guide groove and fits against the inner wall of the guide groove.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to drive the push rod to move, the push rod driving member drives the rotary wheel to rotate, and the rotary wheel applies force to the inner wall of the guide groove, thereby facilitating the driving of the push rod to slide along the guide rail, and the rotary wheel is inserted in the guide groove, which can make the push rod slide on the guide rail more smoothly, and to a certain extent reduce the shaking of the push rod in the process of pushing the workpiece, which is beneficial to improve the pushing accuracy and stability, and is beneficial to avoid the workpiece position displacement caused by the shaking of the push rod and affect the subsequent processing.

[0019] Optionally, the transfer assembly includes a transfer plate, a transfer conveyor belt and a guide roller, the transfer plate is arranged between the loading conveying module and the receiving conveying module, the transfer conveyor belt is arranged on the transfer plate, the guide roller is hinged on the transfer plate, and the guide roller is spaced apart from the upper conveying surface of the transfer conveyor belt.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the push rod assembly pushes the workpiece to the transfer conveyor belt, the workpiece can enter between the guide roller and the transfer conveyor belt, so that the guide roller can be used to guide and stabilize the workpiece, so that the workpiece can smoothly transition to the transfer conveyor belt, and it is helpful to avoid the position of the workpiece from being offset, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of workpiece transmission to a certain extent. The transfer conveyor belt can drive the workpiece to move, thereby facilitating the transfer of the workpiece between the loading position and the receiving position.

[0021] Optionally, an adjusting member is provided on the transfer plate, a limiting plate is provided on the adjusting member, the limiting plate is arranged close to the material receiving and conveying module, and the adjusting member is used to adjust the position of the limiting plate.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the adjusting member can adjust the position of the limit plate, so that when the workpiece is transported to the transfer conveyor belt, the limit plate can be located above the transfer conveyor belt to limit the workpiece, so that the position of the workpiece is not easily offset, thereby facilitating the transfer of the workpiece by the robot arm. And when the workpiece needs to be transported to the material box on the receiving and conveying module, the adjusting member can drive the limit plate to move to the bottom of the transfer conveyor belt, so that the limit plate no longer limits the workpiece, so that the transfer conveyor belt can transport the limit plate to the material box.

[0023] Optionally, a plurality of slots are provided in the material box, the plurality of slots are evenly distributed along the length direction of the material box, adjacent slots are spaced apart, and the slots are used to clamp the workpiece.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple card slots are evenly distributed and spaced along the length direction of the material box, so that multiple workpieces can be stably placed in the material box, effectively preventing the workpieces from shifting or colliding during transportation, which is beneficial to improving the positioning accuracy and safety of the workpieces during automated loading and unloading.

[0025] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Through the cooperation of the loading rack, receiving rack, loading and conveying module, receiving and conveying module and transfer module, the workpiece can be transported to the processing equipment for processing, and after the workpiece is processed, it can be transported to the material box on the receiving and conveying module for storage, which is conducive to the automatic loading and unloading of workpieces, and to a certain extent avoids the inefficiency and high error rate caused by manual operation, which is conducive to improving work efficiency; 2. Through the cooperation of the loading rack, the first conveyor belt, the lifting assembly, the support plate, the second conveyor belt, the horizontal driving member, the vertical driving member, the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate, the fully loaded material boxes stored in the first layer can be accurately conveyed to the second conveyor belt, and the second conveyor belt can convey the empty material boxes to the first conveyor belt on the second layer, so as to realize the automatic feeding and recovery of the material boxes, and help to avoid the deviation of the workpiece during the conveying process caused by the position deviation of the material box, so as to improve the accuracy and speed of the loading and unloading process; 3. Through the cooperation of the push rod assembly, the transfer assembly and the robotic arm, the workpiece can be automatically transferred between the material box and the processing equipment, thereby effectively improving the processing efficiency and accuracy, and thus helping to avoid the inefficiency and error-prone problems caused by manual operation; 4. Through the cooperation of the push rod driving member, the rotating wheel, the connecting member and the guide rail, the push rod driving member can stably drive the push rod to slide through the rotating wheel, which is conducive to reducing the shaking of the push rod in the process of pushing the workpiece, thereby helping to improve the pushing accuracy and stability, and helping to avoid the displacement of the workpiece position due to the shaking of the push rod, which affects the subsequent processing; 5. Through the cooperation of the transfer plate, transfer conveyor belt, guide roller, adjustment part and limit plate, the workpiece can be smoothly transferred to the transfer conveyor belt, and it is helpful to avoid the position deviation of the workpiece, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of workpiece transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automated loading and unloading mechanism in an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a partial structural diagram of an automated loading and unloading mechanism in an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the feeding and conveying module and the push rod assembly in the embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the loading rack and the loading and conveying module in the embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transfer component in the embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Description of reference numerals: 1. Loading rack; 11. First layer; 12. Second layer; 13. First conveyor belt; 2. Receiving rack; 3. Loading conveying module; 31. Lifting assembly; 32. Support plate; 33. Second conveyor belt; 34. Positioning assembly; 341. Horizontal drive member; 342. Vertical drive member; 343. First positioning plate; 344. Second positioning plate; 4. Receiving conveying module; 5. Transfer module; 51. Push rod assembly; 511. Connecting plate; 5111. Guide rail; 512. Push rod drive member; 5121. Rotating wheel; 513. Push rod; 5131. Guide groove; 52. Transfer assembly; 521. Transfer plate; 522. Transfer conveyor belt; 523. Guide roller; 524. Adjustment member; 525. Limiting plate; 53. Robot arm; 6. Material box; 61. Slot; 7. Processing equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is combined with Figure 1-5 This application is described in further detail.

[0033] The embodiment of the present application discloses an automatic loading and unloading mechanism.

[0034] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicating orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 An automatic loading and unloading mechanism includes a loading rack 1, a receiving rack 2, a loading conveying module 3, a receiving conveying module 4 and a transfer module 5. The receiving rack 2 has the same structure as the loading rack 1 and is arranged opposite to the loading rack 1. The loading rack 1 and the receiving rack 2 are respectively provided with a material box 6, which is used to store workpieces. The loading conveying module 3 is arranged close to the loading rack 1, and the receiving conveying module 4 is arranged close to the receiving rack 2. The structure of the receiving conveying module 4 is the same as that of the loading conveying module 3. The transfer module 5 is arranged between the loading conveying module 3 and the receiving conveying module 4. The transfer module 5 is used to transfer the workpiece between the material box 6 and the processing equipment 7.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 The loading rack 1 is provided with a first layer 11 and a second layer 12, respectively. The first layer 11 is located above the second layer 12, and the first layer 11 is used to store the material box 6 full of workpieces, and the second layer 12 is used to store the empty material box 6, thereby achieving the effect of efficient loading and unloading, and promoting the automation upgrade of the whole system. In other embodiments, the first layer 11 can also be used to store the empty material box 6, and the second layer 12 can be used to store the material box 6 full of workpieces.

[0037] The first conveyor belts 13 are installed in the first layer body 11 and the second layer body 12 respectively, and the material box 6 is placed on the first conveyor belts 13 , so that the material box 6 can be transported by the first conveyor belts 13 .

[0038] Reference Figure 3 A plurality of card slots 61 are provided in the material box 6, and the plurality of card slots 61 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the material box 6, and adjacent card slots 61 are arranged at intervals, and a workpiece can be inserted in each card slot 61, so that a plurality of workpieces can be stably placed in the material box 6, and the workpieces can be effectively prevented from being offset or collided during transportation, which is beneficial to improving the positioning accuracy and safety of the workpieces during the automatic loading and unloading process.

[0039] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4The feeding and conveying module 3 includes a lifting assembly 31, a support plate 32 and a second conveyor belt 33. The support plate 32 is connected to the lifting assembly 31. In this embodiment, the lifting assembly 31 is a screw lift, so that the lifting assembly 31 is used to drive the support plate 32 to move up and down. The second conveyor belt 33 is installed on the support plate 32, and the second conveyor belt 33 is used to drive the material box 6 to move closer to or away from the feeding rack 1.

[0040] When it is necessary to convey the fully loaded material box 6 to the second conveyor belt 33, the lifting assembly 31 drives the second conveyor belt 33 to be lifted and lowered through the support plate 32, so that the second conveyor belt 33 is flush with the first conveyor belt 13 in the first layer 11, so that the first conveyor belt 13 can easily convey the fully loaded material box 6 to the second conveyor belt 33. And when it is necessary to convey the empty material box 6 on the second conveyor belt 33 to the first conveyor belt 13, the lifting assembly 31 drives the second conveyor belt 33 to be flush with the first conveyor belt 13 in the second layer 12 through the support plate 32, so that the second conveyor belt 33 can convey the empty material box 6 (hereinafter referred to as the empty material box 6) to the first conveyor belt 13, and the first conveyor belt 13 can bring the empty material box 6 into the second layer 12 for storage, so as to achieve the purpose of storing the full material box 6 and the empty material box 6 on different layers respectively, avoiding the confusion of operation caused by mixed storage, and further improving the work efficiency.

[0041] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 A positioning assembly 34 is installed on the support plate 32, and the positioning assembly 34 includes a horizontal driving member 341, a vertical driving member 342, a first positioning plate 343 and a second positioning plate 344. The horizontal driving member 341 and the first positioning plate 343 are respectively installed on the support plate 32, and one end of the first positioning plate 343 extends above the second conveyor belt 33 and is located on the side of the second conveyor belt 33 away from the loading rack 1.

[0042] The vertical driving member 342 is fixedly connected to the horizontal driving member 341, and the second positioning plate 344 is mounted on the vertical driving member 342 and arranged opposite to the first positioning plate 343. In this embodiment, the horizontal driving member 341 and the vertical driving member 342 are both cylinders, so that the horizontal driving member 341 can be used to drive the vertical driving member 342 to move horizontally, and the vertical driving member 342 can be used to drive the second positioning plate 344 to move up and down.

[0043] When the material box 6 needs to be conveyed to the second conveyor belt 33, the vertical driving member 342 is operated to drive the second positioning plate 344 to descend, so that the second positioning plate 344 moves to the bottom of the first conveyor belt 13, so that the first conveyor belt 13 can convey the material box 6 to the second conveyor belt 33. At this time, the end of the first positioning plate 343 extending above the second conveyor belt 33 can contact the material box 6, so that the material box 6 no longer moves along the second conveyor belt 33. Then, the vertical driving member 342 and the horizontal driving member 341 are operated to drive one end of the second positioning plate 344 to move above the first conveyor belt 13 and contact the material box 6, so as to achieve accurate positioning of the material box 6.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 The transfer module 5 includes a push rod assembly 51, a transfer assembly 52 and a mechanical arm 53. The push rod assembly 51 is connected to the loading rack 1, the transfer assembly 52 is installed between the loading conveying module 3 and the receiving conveying module 4, and the mechanical arm 53 is arranged beside the transfer assembly 52, and the mechanical arm 53 can move to transfer the workpiece between the transfer assembly 52 and the processing equipment 7.

[0045] Reference Figure 3 The push rod assembly 51 includes a connecting plate 511, a push rod driving member 512 and a push rod 513. The connecting plate 511 is fixedly connected to the loading rack 1 and arranged close to the first layer 11, the push rod driving member 512 is installed on the connecting plate 511, and a rotating wheel 5121 is fixedly connected to the push rod driving member 512. In this embodiment, the push rod driving member 512 is a motor, so that the push rod driving member 512 is used to drive the rotating wheel 5121 to rotate.

[0046] A guide rail 5111 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 511, and the guide rail 5111 is arranged along a conveying direction perpendicular to the second conveyor belt 33. The push rod 513 is slidably connected to the guide rail 5111, and a guide groove 5131 is opened on the push rod 513 along its own length direction. The rotating wheel 5121 is inserted into the guide groove 5131 and fits with the inner wall of the guide groove 5131, so that when the rotating wheel 5121 rotates, the rotating wheel 5121 can apply a force to the inner wall of the guide groove 5131 to drive the push rod 513 to slide back and forth along the guide rail 5111.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 The transfer assembly 52 includes a transfer plate 521, a transfer conveyor belt 522 and a guide roller 523. The transfer plate 521 is arranged between the feeding conveying module 3 and the receiving conveying module 4. In this embodiment, the transfer plate 521 is fixed by a bracket. In other embodiments, the transfer plate 521 can also be connected and fixed to the feeding rack 1 and the receiving rack 2 respectively.

[0048] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The transfer conveyor belt 522 is installed on the transfer plate 521, and the conveying direction of the transfer conveyor belt 522 is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the second conveyor belt 33. The guide roller 523 is hinged on the transfer plate 521, and the guide roller 523 and the upper conveying surface of the transfer conveyor belt 522 are spaced apart, so that the distance between the guide roller 523 and the upper conveying surface of the transfer conveyor belt 522 can be adjusted, so that the workpiece can enter between the guide roller 523 and the transfer conveyor belt 522.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, four guide rollers 523 are provided, and the four guide rollers 523 are grouped in pairs, and one group of guide rollers 523 is provided close to the loading conveying module 3, and the other group of guide rollers 523 is provided close to the receiving conveying module 4, so that the guide rollers 523 can be used to guide and stabilize the workpiece to avoid the position of the workpiece from being offset.

[0050] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 When the workpiece needs to be processed, the push rod driving member 512 works to drive the push rod 513 to move, so that the push rod 513 pushes out a workpiece stored in the material box 6 on the second conveyor belt 33, and makes the workpiece enter between the guide roller 523 and the transfer conveyor belt 522, so that the transfer conveyor belt 522 can drive the workpiece to the specified position and separate from the guide roller 523. At this time, the robot arm 53 (refer to Figure 1 ) can remove the workpiece from the transfer conveyor belt 522 and transport it to the processing equipment 7 (refer to Figure 1 ) for processing. After the workpiece is processed, the robot arm 53 (refer to Figure 1 ) and then put the workpiece back into the transfer conveyor belt 522, so that the transfer conveyor belt 522 can convey the workpiece to the receiving and conveying module 4 (refer to Figure 1 ) is stored in the material box 6 on the workpiece, thereby realizing the workpiece between the material box 6 and the processing equipment 7 (refer to Figure 1 ) between the two.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 , an adjusting member 524 is installed on the transfer plate 521, and a limit plate 525 is fixedly connected to the adjusting member 524, and the limit plate 525 is arranged near the receiving and conveying module 4. In this embodiment, the adjusting member 524 includes a horizontal adjustment cylinder and a vertical adjustment cylinder, and the horizontal adjustment cylinder is installed on the transfer plate 521, the vertical adjustment cylinder is fixedly connected to the horizontal adjustment cylinder, and the limit plate 525 is fixedly connected to the vertical adjustment cylinder, so that the position of the limit plate 525 can be adjusted by using the horizontal adjustment cylinder and the vertical adjustment cylinder.

[0052] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 When the push rod 513 pushes the workpiece onto the transfer conveyor belt 522, the adjustment member 524 works to drive one end of the limiting plate 525 to move above the transfer conveyor belt 522, thereby facilitating the use of the limiting plate 525 to limit the workpiece, so that the position of the workpiece is not easily offset.

[0053] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 When the workpiece needs to be transported to the receiving and conveying module 4 for storage, the adjusting member 524 drives the limit plate 525 to move to the bottom of the transfer conveyor belt 522, so that the limit plate 525 no longer limits the workpiece, thereby facilitating the transfer conveyor belt 522 to transport the limit plate 525 to the material box 6 on the receiving and conveying module 4.

[0054] The implementation principle of an automatic loading and unloading mechanism in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: when the workpiece needs to be processed, the lifting assembly 31 is first started, and the lifting assembly 31 drives the second conveyor belt 33 to move through the support plate 32, so that the second conveyor belt 33 is flush with the first conveyor belt 13 in the first layer 11. At this time, the second positioning plate 344 is located below the first conveyor belt 13. Then the first conveyor belt 13 is started, and the first conveyor belt 13 conveys the material box 6 to the second conveyor belt 33, and the second positioning plate 344 and the first positioning plate 343 are used to position the material box 6.

[0055] Next, the push rod driving member 512 is started, and the push rod driving member 512 drives the push rod 513 to move into the material box 6 through the rotating wheel 5121, so as to push out the workpiece in the material box 6, and make the workpiece enter between the guide roller 523 and the transfer conveyor belt 522, and the transfer conveyor belt 522 drives the workpiece to move to the specified position. Then the mechanical arm 53 is started, and the mechanical arm 53 takes the workpiece and conveys it to the processing equipment 7 for processing. After the workpiece processing is completed, the mechanical arm 53 puts the workpiece back to the transfer conveyor belt 522.

[0056] Finally, the transfer conveyor belt 522 conveys the workpiece to the material box 6 on the receiving and conveying module 4 for storage. Repeating the above operation can realize the processing of multiple workpieces.

[0057] In this embodiment, the robot arm 53 can take materials according to the number that the processing equipment 7 can process simultaneously. The specific example is as follows: when the processing equipment 7 can process six workpieces at a time, the push rod 513 can be used to push the six workpieces to the transfer conveyor belt 522 in turn, and the robot arm 53 can grab the six workpieces in turn, and then transfer them to the processing equipment 7 for processing at one time. After the processing is completed, the six workpieces are put back in turn.

[0058] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An automatic loading and unloading mechanism, characterized in that: include: A loading rack (1), wherein a first layer body (11) and a second layer body (12) are respectively arranged on the loading rack (1); A material receiving rack (2), the material receiving rack (2) having the same structure as the material loading rack (1) and being arranged opposite to the material loading rack (1), the material loading rack (1) and the material receiving rack (2) being respectively provided with a material box (6), the material box (6) being used for storing workpieces, the first layer (11) being used for storing a material box (6) full of workpieces, and the second layer (12) being used for storing an empty material box (6); A loading and conveying module (3) is arranged close to the loading rack (1), and the loading and conveying module (3) is used to drive the material box (6) to be transported to the first layer body (11) or the second layer body (12); A material receiving and conveying module (4) is arranged close to the material receiving frame (2), and the structure of the material receiving and conveying module (4) is the same as that of the material loading and conveying module (3); A transfer module (5) is arranged between the loading and conveying module (3) and the receiving and conveying module (4), and the transfer module (5) is used to transfer the workpiece between the material box (6) and the processing equipment (7).

2. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first conveyor belt (13) is provided on the first layer (11) and the second layer (12), respectively; the material box (6) is placed on the first conveyor belt (13); the loading and conveying module (3) comprises a lifting component (31), a support plate (32) and a second conveyor belt (33); the support plate (32) is connected to the lifting component (31); the second conveyor belt (33) is provided on the support plate (32); the lifting component (31) is used for driving the support plate (32) to rise and fall; and the second conveyor belt (33) is used for driving the material box (6) to approach or move away from the loading rack (1).

3. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A positioning assembly (34) is provided on the support plate (32), and the positioning assembly (34) is used to position the material box (6) relative to the support plate (32).

4. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The positioning assembly (34) includes a horizontal driving member (341), a vertical driving member (342), a first positioning plate (343) and a second positioning plate (344); the horizontal driving member (341) and the first positioning plate (343) are respectively arranged on the supporting plate (32); one end of the first positioning plate (343) extends above the second conveyor belt (33) and is located on a side of the second conveyor belt (33) away from the loading rack (1); the vertical driving member (342) is connected to the horizontal driving member (341); the second positioning plate (344) is arranged on the vertical driving member (342) and is arranged opposite to the first positioning plate (343); the vertical driving member (342) is used to drive the second positioning plate (344) to rise and fall; the horizontal driving member (341) is used to drive the vertical driving member (342) to move horizontally.

5. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transfer module (5) comprises a push rod assembly (51), a transfer assembly (52) and a robotic arm (53); the push rod assembly (51) is connected to the loading rack (1); the transfer assembly (52) is arranged between the loading conveying module (3) and the receiving conveying module (4); the push rod assembly (51) is used to push the workpiece in the material box (6) onto the transfer assembly (52); the transfer assembly (52) is used to convey the workpiece into the material box (6) on the receiving conveying module (4); and the robotic arm (53) is used to transfer the workpiece between the transfer assembly (52) and the processing equipment (7).

6. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The push rod assembly (51) comprises a connecting plate (511), a push rod driving member (512) and a push rod (513); the connecting plate (511) is connected to the loading rack (1); the push rod driving member (512) is arranged on the connecting plate (511); and the push rod (513) is slidably arranged on the connecting plate (511) and connected to the output end of the push rod driving member (512).

7. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The push rod driving member (512) is provided with a rotating wheel (5121), the connecting plate (511) is provided with a guide rail (5111), the push rod (513) is slidably arranged on the guide rail (5111), the push rod (513) is provided with a guide groove (5131) along its length direction, and the rotating wheel (5121) is inserted into the guide groove (5131) and fits with the inner wall of the guide groove (5131).

8. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The transfer assembly (52) comprises a transfer plate (521), a transfer conveyor belt (522) and a guide roller (523); the transfer plate (521) is arranged between the loading conveyor module (3) and the receiving conveyor module (4); the transfer conveyor belt (522) is arranged on the transfer plate (521); the guide roller (523) is hinged on the transfer plate (521); and the guide roller (523) is spaced apart from the upper conveying surface of the transfer conveyor belt (522).

9. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: The transfer plate (521) is provided with an adjusting member (524), and a limiting plate (525) is provided on the adjusting member (524). The limiting plate (525) is arranged close to the material receiving and conveying module (4), and the adjusting member (524) is used to adjust the position of the limiting plate (525).

10. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of clamping grooves (61) are provided in the material box (6), the plurality of clamping grooves (61) are evenly distributed along the length direction of the material box (6), adjacent clamping grooves (61) are arranged at intervals, and the clamping grooves (61) are used to clamp a workpiece.

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