Air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system and air conditioner

Abstract

According to the air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system and the air conditioner, the air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system comprises a refrigerant loop, the refrigerant loop communicates with an indoor heat exchanger of an air conditioner indoor unit, and a compressor assembly used for driving a refrigerant to move is arranged on the refrigerant loop; the open loop is communicated with an external water source; a fluid medium in the closed loop is distilled water, and a double-pipe heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger and a first water pump used for driving the distilled water to flow are arranged on the closed loop; distilled water in the closed loop and a refrigerant in the refrigerant loop respectively flow through an inner pipe and an outer pipe of the double-pipe heat exchanger for heat exchange; the fluid medium in the open loop flows through the plate heat exchanger and exchanges heat with the distilled water in the closed loop. According to the scheme, the purpose of water-cooling heat exchange can be achieved, and it can be prevented that sediments are bred in a water-cooling loop, and the heat exchange efficiency is affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air conditioning, and in particular to a heat exchange system for an air conditioner outdoor unit and an air conditioner. Background Art

[0002] The refrigeration principle of conventional air conditioners is to compress the gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas through a compressor, and send it to the condenser for cooling. After cooling, it becomes a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The medium-temperature liquid refrigerant is throttled and reduced in pressure by the throttling component to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture. It absorbs heat from the air and vaporizes through the evaporator, becoming a gas, and then returns to the compressor to continue compression, continuing the cycle for refrigeration.

[0003] In order to meet more usage requirements, the art has proposed a method of cooling the refrigerant by water cooling instead of the condenser. However, in order to ensure the cooling effect and reduce the space occupied, a long-travel coil section is usually required in the water cooling system. As a result, after long-term use, impurities deposited in the water are easily accumulated at the corners of the pipe, resulting in reduced heat exchange effect and shortening the service life of the air conditioner. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system and an air conditioner, which are used to solve the defect in the prior art that water cooling of refrigerant easily generates scale and affects the service life of the system, and realize an air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange solution with more reliable water cooling effect and longer service life.

[0005] The present invention provides a heat exchange system for an outdoor unit of an air conditioner, comprising: a refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant circuit is connected to an indoor heat exchanger of an indoor unit of the air conditioner, and a compressor assembly for driving the movement of the refrigerant is arranged on the refrigerant circuit; an open circuit, the open circuit is connected to an external water source; a closed circuit, the fluid medium in the closed circuit is distilled water, and the closed circuit is provided with a shell and tube heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger, and a first water pump for driving the flow of the distilled water; wherein the distilled water in the closed circuit and the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit flow through the inner tube and the outer tube of the shell and tube heat exchanger respectively to perform heat exchange; the fluid medium in the open circuit flows through the plate heat exchanger to perform heat exchange with the distilled water in the closed circuit.

[0006] According to the present invention, a heat exchange system for an outdoor unit of an air conditioner comprises a condenser, wherein the condenser is arranged on the refrigerant circuit; the condenser and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger are connected in series or in parallel with each other on the refrigerant circuit.

[0007] According to the present invention, a heat exchange system for an air conditioner outdoor unit is provided, comprising a ventilation chamber and a fan; the ventilation chamber has a plurality of vents leading to the outside of the air conditioner outdoor unit, and the condenser is arranged at a position adjacent to the vents; the fan is used to discharge the air in the ventilation chamber to create a negative pressure environment in the ventilation chamber.

[0008] According to a heat exchange system for an air conditioner outdoor unit provided by the present invention, in the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor assembly is connected to the shell and tube heat exchanger and the condenser respectively through a reversing valve; the reversing valve has the following working states: in a water cooling state, the reversing valve connects the pipeline between the compressor assembly and the shell and tube heat exchanger, and closes the pipeline between the compressor assembly and the condenser; in an air cooling state, the reversing valve closes the pipeline between the compressor assembly and the shell and tube heat exchanger, and connects the pipeline between the compressor assembly and the condenser; in a comprehensive heat exchange state, the reversing valve connects the pipeline between the compressor assembly and the shell and tube heat exchanger, and connects the pipeline between the compressor assembly and the condenser.

[0009] According to an air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system provided by the present invention, a water tank and a second water pump are provided on the open loop; the second water pump is used to pump water from the water tank and inject it into the water tank after circulating along the open loop for one cycle.

[0010] According to an air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system provided by the present invention, the water storage tank has a water inlet connected to a tap water pipe and / or an air conditioner condensate water drain pipe and a water outlet connected to a domestic water system.

[0011] According to a heat exchange system for an air conditioner outdoor unit provided by the present invention, water temperature sensors are respectively provided on the closed circuit and the open circuit, and the first water pump and the second water pump are variable frequency pumps so as to be able to adjust the working power of the first water pump and / or the second water pump according to the changes in the water temperature in the closed circuit and the open circuit.

[0012] According to an air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system provided by the present invention, in the closed loop, the flow direction of the distilled water is from the shell and tube heat exchanger to the plate heat exchanger; an intermediate container is connected in series between the shell and tube heat exchanger and the plate heat exchanger.

[0013] According to the present invention, the volume of distilled water in the closed loop is smaller than the total volume of the closed loop, and the difference between the volume of the distilled water and the total volume is smaller than the volume of the intermediate container.

[0014] According to an air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system provided by the present invention, the intermediate container is provided with a sealable water injection port and a water discharge port for injecting distilled water into the closed circuit or discharging the distilled water in the closed circuit.

[0015] The present invention further provides an air conditioner, comprising an air conditioner indoor unit and an air conditioner outdoor unit, wherein the air conditioner outdoor unit is provided with the air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system as described in any one of the above.

[0016] The present invention provides an air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system and an air conditioner, wherein heat is exchanged between an external low-temperature water source in an open circuit and distilled water in a closed circuit in a plate heat exchanger to maintain a relatively low temperature of the distilled water in the closed circuit. The relatively low-temperature distilled water in the closed circuit is heat exchanged with the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger to absorb the heat of the refrigerant and achieve a cooling effect. Since the closed circuit is never in contact with the outside world and there are basically no impurities in the distilled water, the formation of scale can be prevented for a long time, thereby ensuring the cooling effect and increasing the service life of the heat exchange system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the heat exchange system of the air conditioner outdoor unit provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the piping structure of the heat exchange system of the air conditioner outdoor unit provided by the present invention.

[0020] Reference numerals:

[0021] The shell and tube heat exchanger 11 , the plate heat exchanger 12 , the first water pump 13 , the intermediate container 14 , the compressor assembly 21 , the condenser 22 , the ventilation chamber 23 , the fan 24 , the water storage tank 31 , the second water pump 32 , the water inlet 33 , and the water outlet 34 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Traditionally, water cooling is used to cool the refrigerant instead of the condenser. In order to ensure the cooling effect and reduce the space occupied, a long-travel coil section is usually required in the water cooling system. As a result, after long-term use, impurities deposited in the water are easily accumulated at the corners of the pipe, resulting in reduced heat exchange effect and shortening the service life of the air conditioner. In view of this, the present invention provides an air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system and an air conditioner. Among them, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the heat exchange system of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner exchanges heat with the distilled water in the closed circuit in the plate heat exchanger 12 through the external low-temperature water source in the open circuit to maintain the lower temperature of the distilled water in the closed circuit. The lower-temperature distilled water in the closed circuit exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 11 to absorb the heat of the refrigerant and achieve a cooling effect. Since the closed circuit is never in contact with the outside world and there are basically no impurities in the distilled water, the formation of scale can be prevented for a long time, which ensures the cooling effect and increases the service life of the heat exchange system.

[0024] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following describes in detail various specific implementations of the air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system and the air conditioner of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0025] According to the present invention, a heat exchange system for an air conditioner outdoor unit is provided. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant circuit is connected to the indoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner indoor unit, and a compressor assembly 21 for driving the refrigerant movement is arranged on the refrigerant circuit; an open circuit, the open circuit is connected to an external water source; a closed circuit, the fluid medium in the closed circuit is distilled water, and the closed circuit is provided with a shell and tube heat exchanger 11, a plate heat exchanger 12, and a first water pump 13 for driving the flow of distilled water; wherein the distilled water in the closed circuit and the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit flow through the inner tube and the outer tube of the shell and tube heat exchanger 11 respectively for heat exchange; the fluid medium in the open circuit flows through the plate heat exchanger 12 for heat exchange with the distilled water in the closed circuit.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, three types of arrows are used to represent the movement of media in the refrigerant circuit, closed circuit and open circuit respectively. Among them, the closed circuit does not directly contact the outside world and the media in the refrigerant circuit and the open circuit, thereby preventing external impurities from entering the closed circuit. The medium in the closed circuit uses distilled water with basically no impurities, which can prevent the formation of scale in the closed circuit for a long time.

[0027] In the above-mentioned air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system, the compressor assembly 21 mainly includes a compressor for converting the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas in the refrigerant circuit into a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas, as well as a matching gas-liquid separator and valve components. In the shell and tube heat exchanger 11, the inner tube and the outer tube are respectively connected to the refrigerant circuit and the closed circuit, so that the distilled water and the refrigerant complete heat exchange in the inner tube and the outer tube of the shell and tube heat exchanger 11. In the plate heat exchanger 12, the low-temperature water flowing from the outside in the open circuit can absorb the heat of the distilled water in the closed circuit, so that the distilled water in the closed circuit always maintains a low temperature to maintain a reliable refrigerant cooling effect. The first water pump 13 is used to drive the distilled water to maintain a circulating state in the closed circuit. Under different cooling mode requirements, the water flow rate in the open circuit can be accelerated to further reduce the temperature of the distilled water in the closed circuit to improve the cooling effect; in addition, it is preferred to adjust the working power of the first water pump 13 to adjust the flow rate of the distilled water in the closed circuit to adjust the heat exchange efficiency of the distilled water and the refrigerant in the shell and tube heat exchanger 11. Preferably, in the sleeve heat exchanger 11, the movement directions of the distilled water and the refrigerant in the inner tube and the outer tube are always opposite, so that the temperature difference between the true flow water and the refrigerant can be always maintained during the heat exchange process to maintain a stable heat exchange effect.

[0028] According to the present invention, a heat exchange system for an air conditioner outdoor unit preferably further includes a condenser 22, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the condenser 22 is arranged on the refrigerant circuit. The condenser 22 and the shell and tube heat exchanger 11 are connected in series or in parallel with each other on the refrigerant circuit, so that the condenser 22 and the water cooling system can work together to reduce the cooling pressure of either one. Among them, when the condenser 22 and the shell and tube heat exchanger 11 are connected in series with each other on the refrigerant circuit, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor assembly 21 is cooled by the condenser 22 and the shell and tube heat exchanger 11 successively, which can achieve a better cooling effect. When the condenser 22 and the shell and tube heat exchanger 11 are connected in parallel with each other on the refrigerant circuit, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor assembly 21 is cooled by the condenser 22 and the shell and tube heat exchanger 11 respectively, which can improve the cooling efficiency of the whole system, and even when the cooling demand is met, the space scale of the cooling equipment can be appropriately reduced.

[0029] According to the present invention, a heat exchange system for an air conditioner outdoor unit is provided. Figure 1As shown, it includes a ventilation chamber 23 and a fan 24. The ventilation chamber 23 has a plurality of vents leading to the outside of the air conditioner outdoor unit, and the condenser 22 is arranged at a position adjacent to the vents. The fan 24 is used to exhaust the air in the ventilation chamber 23 to create a negative pressure environment in the ventilation chamber 23. When the fan 24 is working, the air in the ventilation chamber 23 is drawn to the outside through the rotating fan blades. At this time, a negative pressure state is formed in the ventilation chamber 23, and the outside air enters the ventilation chamber 23 through the vents opened at a position adjacent to the condenser 22. In the process of air passing through the condenser 22, the heat of the refrigerant in the condenser 22 is absorbed by the flowing air, thereby achieving air-cooled cooling.

[0030] Preferably, the shell and tube heat exchanger 11, the condenser 22 and the compressor assembly 21 are all integrated in the ventilation chamber 23, so that during the operation of the fan 24, the flowing air not only exchanges heat with the condenser 22, but also improves the temperature environment around the shell and tube heat exchanger 11 and the compressor assembly 21, and reduces the adverse effects of the high ambient temperature on the distilled water in the closed pipeline and the compressor assembly 21. Based on the natural law that hot air floats, the vents of the ventilation chamber 23 are preferably arranged on the side and / or bottom of the chassis of the air conditioner outdoor unit, and the fan 24 is preferably arranged on the top of the chassis of the air conditioner outdoor unit.

[0031] According to a heat exchange system for an air conditioner outdoor unit provided by the present invention, in the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor assembly 21 is connected to the shell and tube heat exchanger 11 and the condenser 22 respectively through the reversing valve, so that the refrigerant can be controlled by the reversing valve to perform a cooling process in the shell and tube heat exchanger 11 and the condenser 22. The reversing valve preferably has the following working states:

[0032] In the water cooling state, the reversing valve connects the pipeline between the compressor assembly 21 and the shell and tube heat exchanger 11, and closes the pipeline between the compressor assembly 21 and the condenser 22. At this time, the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit only exchanges heat with the distilled water in the closed circuit through the shell and tube heat exchanger 11. The above-mentioned fan 24 stops running to save energy; or it can also run at a lower power to keep the air in the ventilation chamber 23 flowing.

[0033] In the air-cooling state, the reversing valve closes the pipeline between the compressor assembly 21 and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 11, and connects the pipeline between the compressor assembly 21 and the condenser 22. At this time, the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit only exchanges heat with the air circulating in the ventilation chamber 23 through the condenser 22. The fan 24 maintains a high power operation to ensure that the air circulation speed in the ventilation chamber 23 meets the refrigerant cooling requirements. The various power devices on the closed circuit and the open circuit can stop running to save energy, and at this time, the water-cooled heat exchange system of the air conditioner outdoor unit can be maintained without affecting the operation of the air conditioner.

[0034] In view of the comprehensive heat exchange state, the reversing valve connects the pipeline between the compressor assembly 21 and the shell and tube heat exchanger 11, and connects the pipeline between the compressor assembly 21 and the condenser 22, so as to perform air cooling and water cooling heat exchange at the same time, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the entire heat exchange system.

[0035] According to the above-mentioned water cooling state, air cooling state and comprehensive heat exchange state, the air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system can be controlled to operate in different states under different environments. For example, when the air temperature in the outdoor environment is high, air cooling is difficult to fully exert the cooling effect, and the system is preferably operated in a water cooling state. It can be understood that based on the switching function of different heat exchange states, the air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system of the present invention can adapt to the operation of air conditioners under more environmental conditions.

[0036] In any of the above embodiments, the external water source connected to the open loop can be tap water. Since tap water circulates in the city's underground pipe network, it usually has a lower temperature and meets the cooling requirements of the heat exchange system. In use, the water pressure of the tap water pipe can make it move along the open loop without being driven. The flow rate of tap water in the open loop can be controlled by a water valve to adjust the heat exchange efficiency between it and the distilled water in the closed loop in the plate heat exchanger 12. The water outlet of the open loop can be connected to the domestic water system to make full use of water resources.

[0037] According to the air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system provided by the present invention, the open circuit can also be supplied with water by an external water storage device. Figure 2 As shown, a water tank 31 and a second water pump 32 are preferably provided on the open loop; the second water pump 32 is used to extract water from the water tank 31 and inject it into the water tank 31 after circulating along the open loop. The water tank 31 preferably also has a water inlet 33 connected to the tap water pipe and / or the air conditioning condensate water drain pipe and a water outlet 34 connected to the domestic water system, so that new low-temperature water can be injected into the water tank 31 through the water inlet 33, and when the water temperature in the water tank 31 rises to a temperature that does not meet the use requirements of the heat exchange system, the water with a higher temperature can be discharged to the domestic water system through the water outlet 34. The water tank 31 can be buried underground or set in a low-temperature area such as a cellar, so that the low water temperature in the water tank 31 can be maintained for a long time, so as to realize the recycling of water in the open loop and reduce consumption.

[0038] According to a heat exchange system for an air conditioner outdoor unit provided by the present invention, water temperature sensors are respectively provided on the closed circuit and the open circuit, and the first water pump 13 and the second water pump 32 are preferably variable frequency pumps, so as to be able to adjust the working power of the first water pump 13 and / or the second water pump 32 according to the change of the water temperature in the closed circuit and the open circuit. For example, the cooling efficiency of the distilled water in the closed circuit on the refrigerant in the shell and tube heat exchanger 11 can be adjusted by adjusting the working power of the first water pump 13; the heat exchange efficiency between the water in the open circuit and the distilled water in the closed circuit in the plate heat exchanger 12 can also be adjusted by adjusting the working power of the second water pump 32. In actual use, the electronic control element can be used to receive the detection parameters of the water temperature sensor, so as to control the first water pump 13 and the second water pump 32 to adjust the working power, so as to achieve dynamic automatic control of the cooling effect.

[0039] According to the heat exchange system of an air conditioner outdoor unit provided by the present invention, in a closed loop, the flow direction of distilled water is from the shell and tube heat exchanger 11 to the plate heat exchanger 12; an intermediate container 14 is connected in series between the shell and tube heat exchanger 11 and the plate heat exchanger 12. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, during the start and stop process of the first water pump 13, the distilled water will impact the pipe of the closed loop due to inertia. It is difficult to eliminate the impact of the impact in a loop formed by a single pipe, which may cause leakage in the loop. According to this solution, at the downstream position of the shell and tube heat exchanger 11 and the upstream position of the plate heat exchanger 12, it is preferred to set an intermediate container 14 to reduce the impact of the water flow inertia impact.

[0040] Preferably, the volume of the distilled water in the closed loop is smaller than the total volume of the closed loop, and the difference between the volume of the distilled water and the total volume is smaller than the volume of the intermediate container 14. The volume space of the difference can reduce the pressure effect of the closed loop when the volume of the distilled water changes with temperature, and further improve the safety and reliability of the pipeline and the pipeline connection structure.

[0041] Furthermore, according to an air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system provided by the present invention, the intermediate container 14 is preferably provided with a sealable water inlet and a drain outlet (not shown in the figure) for injecting distilled water into the closed circuit or discharging the distilled water in the closed circuit.

[0042] The air conditioner provided by the present invention is described below. The air conditioner described below and the air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system described above can be referred to each other.

[0043] The present invention also provides an air conditioner, comprising an indoor unit and an outdoor unit of the air conditioner, wherein the outdoor unit of the air conditioner is provided with a heat exchange system for the outdoor unit of the air conditioner, and the heat exchange system for the outdoor unit of the air conditioner comprises: a refrigerant circuit, wherein the refrigerant circuit is connected to the indoor heat exchanger of the indoor unit of the air conditioner, and a compressor assembly 21 for driving the movement of the refrigerant is provided on the refrigerant circuit; an open circuit, wherein the open circuit is connected to an external water source; a closed circuit, wherein the fluid medium in the closed circuit is distilled water, and the closed circuit is provided with a shell and tube heat exchanger 11, a plate heat exchanger 12, and a first water pump 13 for driving the flow of distilled water; wherein the distilled water in the closed circuit and the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit respectively flow through the inner tube and the outer tube of the shell and tube heat exchanger 11 for heat exchange; and the fluid medium in the open circuit flows through the plate heat exchanger 12 for heat exchange with the distilled water in the closed circuit.

[0044] It is understandable that the heat exchange system of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner can be the heat exchange system of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner in any of the above embodiments. The outdoor unit of the air conditioner exchanges heat with the distilled water in the closed circuit in the plate heat exchanger 12 through the external low-temperature water source in the open circuit to maintain the lower temperature of the distilled water in the closed circuit. The lower-temperature distilled water in the closed circuit exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit in the shell and tube heat exchanger 11 to absorb the heat of the refrigerant and achieve a cooling effect. Since the closed circuit is never in contact with the outside world and there are basically no impurities in the distilled water, the formation of scale can be prevented for a long time, which ensures the cooling effect while increasing the service life of the heat exchange system.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat exchange system for an air conditioner outdoor unit, characterized in that: include: A refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant circuit being connected to an indoor heat exchanger of an indoor unit of an air conditioner, and the refrigerant circuit being provided with a compressor assembly (21) for driving the movement of the refrigerant; An open circuit, the open circuit being connected to an external water source; A closed circuit, wherein the fluid medium in the closed circuit is distilled water, and the closed circuit is provided with a shell and tube heat exchanger (11), a plate heat exchanger (12), and a first water pump (13) for driving the distilled water to flow; The distilled water in the closed circuit and the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit flow through the inner tube and outer tube of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger (11) respectively to perform heat exchange; the fluid medium in the open circuit flows through the plate heat exchanger (12) to perform heat exchange with the distilled water in the closed circuit.

2. The air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a condenser (22), wherein the condenser (22) is arranged on the refrigerant circuit; The condenser (22) and the double-tube heat exchanger (11) are connected in series or in parallel with each other on the refrigerant circuit.

3. The air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It includes a ventilation chamber (23) and a fan (24); The ventilation chamber (23) has a plurality of ventilation openings leading to the outside of the air conditioner outdoor unit, and the condenser (22) is arranged at a position adjacent to the ventilation openings; The fan (24) is used to exhaust the air in the ventilation chamber (23) to create a negative pressure environment in the ventilation chamber (23).

4. The air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor assembly (21) is connected to the shell and tube heat exchanger (11) and the condenser (22) respectively through a reversing valve; The reversing valve has the following working states: In the water cooling state, the reversing valve connects the pipeline between the compressor assembly (21) and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger (11), and closes the pipeline between the compressor assembly (21) and the condenser (22); In the air-cooling state, the reversing valve closes the pipeline between the compressor assembly (21) and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger (11), and connects the pipeline between the compressor assembly (21) and the condenser (22); In the comprehensive heat exchange state, the reversing valve connects the pipeline between the compressor assembly (21) and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger (11), and connects the pipeline between the compressor assembly (21) and the condenser (22).

5. The air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The open circuit is provided with a water storage tank (31) and a second water pump (32); The second water pump (32) is used to pump water from the water storage tank (31) and inject the water into the water storage tank (31) after the water circulates once along the open loop.

6. The heat exchange system for an outdoor unit of an air conditioner according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water storage tank (31) has a water inlet (33) connected to a tap water pipe and / or an air conditioning condensate water drain pipe, and a water outlet (34) connected to a domestic water system.

7. The air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The closed circuit and the open circuit are respectively provided with water temperature sensors, and the first water pump (13) and the second water pump (32) are variable frequency pumps, so as to be able to adjust the working power of the first water pump (13) and / or the second water pump (32) according to the change of water temperature in the closed circuit and the open circuit.

8. The heat exchange system for an outdoor unit of an air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: In the closed loop, the distilled water flows from the shell and tube heat exchanger (11) to the plate heat exchanger (12); An intermediate container (14) is connected in series between the shell and tube heat exchanger (11) and the plate heat exchanger (12).

9. The air conditioner outdoor unit heat exchange system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The volume of the distilled water in the closed loop is smaller than the total volume of the closed loop, and the difference between the volume of the distilled water and the total volume is smaller than the volume of the intermediate container (14).

10. The heat exchange system for an outdoor unit of an air conditioner according to claim 8, characterized in that: The intermediate container (14) is provided with a sealable water injection port and a water discharge port for injecting distilled water into the closed circuit or discharging the distilled water in the closed circuit.

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