Distributed photovoltaic anomaly identification method and system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic anomaly recognition, and aims to solve the problems that an existing distributed photovoltaic system and a control terminal thereof are low in safety coefficient, cannot quickly recognize and predict an anomaly when the anomaly occurs, and consequently, the anomaly is easy to occur in the use process. The invention provides a distributed photovoltaic anomaly identification method and system. The distributed photovoltaic anomaly identification method comprises the following steps: S1, acquiring generated power, environment temperature and illumination intensity data of a distributed photovoltaic panel; s2, constructing an anomaly recognition model based on the data; s3, identifying abnormal parameters of the distributed photovoltaic panel based on the abnormal identification model; and S4, predicting an anomaly occurrence probability based on the anomaly parameters. According to the method, the abnormal data is analyzed, and then the abnormity is predicted, so that the safety coefficient of the system is higher, the abnormity occurrence probability is reduced, and a better use prospect is brought to the distributed photovoltaic system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic anomaly identification, and in particular relates to a distributed photovoltaic anomaly identification method and system. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that uses the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor interfaces to directly convert light energy into electrical energy. It is mainly composed of three parts: solar panel components, controllers and inverters. Solar cells are packaged and protected after being connected in series to form large-area solar cell components, which are then combined with power controllers and other components to form photovoltaic power generation devices.

[0003] The existing distributed photovoltaic systems and their control terminals have low safety factors. They cannot quickly identify abnormalities when they occur, and cannot predict abnormalities, which makes it easy for abnormal situations to occur during use. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a distributed photovoltaic anomaly identification method and system.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solution: a distributed photovoltaic anomaly identification method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: Obtain the power generation, ambient temperature and light intensity data of distributed photovoltaic panels;

[0007] S2: Construct an anomaly recognition model based on the above data;

[0008] S3: Identify abnormal parameters of distributed photovoltaic panels based on the abnormality recognition model;

[0009] S4: Predict the probability of abnormal occurrence based on abnormal parameters.

[0010] Preferably, the anomaly identification formula in the anomaly identification model is:

[0011]

[0012] In the formula, X is the original data, θ is the mean of the sample, is the standard deviation of the sample, Zs is the deviation index; the above original data, sample mean, and sample standard deviation are all obtained based on the data in S1.

[0013] Preferably, when Zs exceeds 2, the corresponding raw data is identified as abnormal parameters.

[0014] Preferably, the identification formula for the abnormality occurrence probability in the abnormality identification model is:

[0015]

[0016] In the formula, p is the predicted probability of abnormal occurrence, x i is the abnormal data of the ith time, f v is the total number of abnormalities that occurred, and h is the number of events.

[0017] A second aspect of the present invention provides a distributed photovoltaic anomaly identification system, including a photovoltaic component module, an anomaly detection module, an energy storage system module, a grid interconnection module, a DC power distribution module, and a monitoring and management module;

[0018] The photovoltaic module is used to convert light energy into DC power to supply other modules;

[0019] An anomaly detection module, used to collect and analyze data generated by the photovoltaic system and perform anomaly detection based on the above data;

[0020] Energy storage system module, used to store and balance the electricity generated by the photovoltaic system;

[0021] Grid interconnection module, used to connect the photovoltaic system to the public grid;

[0022] A DC power distribution module is used to convert the AC power output by the inverter into DC power;

[0023] The monitoring and management module is used to monitor the current, voltage and power generation of the photovoltaic system in real time.

[0024] Preferably, the anomaly detection module includes a data acquisition unit, a data preprocessing unit and a data analysis unit;

[0025] The data acquisition unit is used to collect information on the power generation, ambient temperature and light intensity of the solar panel;

[0026] The data preprocessing unit is used to perform standardized data processing on the collected data; wherein the standardized processing formula is:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, x is the standardized data, x is the original data, and x min is the minimum value of the data, x max is the maximum value of the data;

[0029] A data analysis unit is used to detect anomalies and perform predictive modeling on the data generated by the photovoltaic system.

[0030] Preferably, the light absorption unit absorbs sunlight and generates photogenerated electron-hole pairs; the PN junction unit generates photogenerated electron-hole pairs when photons hit the PN junction; the electric field unit separates the electron-hole pairs so that the electrons are directed toward the N-type semiconductor and the holes are directed toward the P-type semiconductor; the electrode unit collects and conducts the current formed by the photogenerated electrons and holes; the conductive wire unit outputs the current from the solar cell panel to the external circuit; the reflective unit reflects the light that is not absorbed;

[0031] The energy storage system module includes: energy storage element unit, including batteries and supercapacitors, used to store energy; power conversion unit: including inverters and transformers, converting stored DC power into AC power; control unit, used to monitor and manage the charge and discharge control and protection functions of the energy storage system; connection unit: connected to the power grid system to input and output energy; cooling system, used to control the temperature of the energy storage element;

[0032] The grid interconnection module includes: inverter unit: converts DC power into AC power and outputs the energy in the energy storage system to the grid; controller unit: monitors the state of the grid and detects the connection security and stability of the grid; coordinator unit: coordinates the energy exchange between the energy storage system and the grid; protection device unit: protects the distributed energy system and the grid itself;

[0033] The DC power distribution module includes: DC input terminal unit: receiving input from DC energy, including solar panels and wind turbines; DC converter unit: converting the input DC power; DC distribution switch unit: controlling the transmission and distribution of DC power, helping the correct flow and safe distribution of power in the system; DC voltage regulator unit: used to stabilize the output voltage of DC power to ensure that the connected equipment obtains a stable power supply; overload protection device: protecting the DC power distribution system from unexpected situations such as overload or short circuit;

[0034] The DC converter unit specifically includes: input terminal board: a terminal board connected to the input DC power supply, including positive and negative terminal blocks, connected to the photovoltaic module; rectifier module: a module that converts the input AC power into DC power; filter circuit: smoothes the waveform of DC power and eliminates fluctuations and noise; inverter module: uses PWM inverter to control DC power conversion; heat sink: dissipates heat from the internal components of the DC converter;

[0035] The DC distribution switch unit specifically includes: an input terminal board: connected to the DC power supply entering the switch unit, including positive and negative wiring terminals; a circuit breaker switch: used to control the connection and disconnection of the circuit; an overcurrent protection device: monitors the current and cuts off the circuit when the current exceeds the rated value; an overvoltage protection device: monitors the voltage and cuts off the circuit when the voltage exceeds the rated value.

[0036] Preferably, it also includes a control terminal, which includes a base support, a mounting plate and a distributed photovoltaic panel; wherein the mounting plate is obliquely arranged at the upper end of the base support, and the distributed photovoltaic panel is detachably arranged on the upper surface of the mounting plate through a slot structure; an abnormality detection module is arranged inside the mounting plate.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] The present invention analyzes abnormal data and then predicts the abnormality, which can make the safety factor of the system higher, reduce the probability of abnormality, and bring better use prospects to the distributed photovoltaic system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 It is a module connection relationship diagram of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the control terminal of the present invention.

[0042] In the figure: 1- base support; 2- mounting plate; 3- distributed photovoltaic panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so that people familiar with this technology can understand and read them. They are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, and therefore have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention. It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0045] The present invention provides an embodiment:

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a distributed photovoltaic anomaly identification method includes the following steps: S1: acquiring the power generation power, ambient temperature and light intensity data of the distributed photovoltaic panels; S2: constructing an anomaly identification model based on the above data; S3: identifying the abnormal parameters of the distributed photovoltaic panels based on the anomaly identification model; S4: predicting the probability of abnormal occurrence based on the abnormal parameters.

[0047] In this embodiment, the abnormality detection module includes a data acquisition unit, a data preprocessing unit and a data analysis unit; wherein the data acquisition unit is used to collect information on the power generation, ambient temperature and light intensity of the solar panel; the power generation is recorded as v, the ambient temperature is recorded as t, and the light intensity is recorded as k;

[0048] The data preprocessing unit is used to perform standardized data processing on the collected data; wherein the standardized processing formula is:

[0049]

[0050] in, is the standardized data, x is the original data, and x min is the minimum value of the data, x max is the maximum value of the data;

[0051] A data analysis unit is used to detect anomalies and perform predictive modeling on the data generated by the photovoltaic system.

[0052] The anomaly recognition formula in the anomaly recognition model is:

[0053]

[0054] In the formula, X is the original data, θ is the mean of the sample, is the standard deviation of the sample, and Zs is the deviation index; the above raw data, sample mean, and sample standard deviation are all obtained based on the data in S1. When Zs exceeds 2, the corresponding raw data is identified as an abnormal parameter.

[0055] The identification formula for the probability of anomaly occurrence in the anomaly identification model is:

[0056]

[0057] In the formula, p is the predicted probability of abnormal occurrence, x i is the abnormal data of the ith time, f v is the total number of abnormalities that occurred, and h is the number of events.

[0058] Based on the results of data analysis, evaluate the performance of the photovoltaic system and make optimization suggestions. These optimizations may include adjusting the inclination and direction of photovoltaic panels, optimizing cleaning and maintenance strategies, improving the efficiency of inverters, optimizing the layout of batteries, etc., to improve the power generation efficiency and stability of the system;

[0059] Establish a real-time monitoring system to monitor the operating status of the photovoltaic system in real time, and adjust system parameters in a timely manner based on the monitoring results. Through real-time monitoring and feedback, abnormal conditions in system operation can be discovered and handled in a timely manner to ensure the normal operation of the system; continuously collect, analyze and optimize the data and performance of the photovoltaic system, and continuously improve the operating efficiency and stability of the system. This is a continuous iterative process, and through continuous optimization and improvement, the overall performance and reliability of the photovoltaic system can be improved.

[0060] According to the second aspect of the present invention, a distributed photovoltaic anomaly identification system is provided, comprising a photovoltaic component module, an anomaly detection module, an energy storage system module, a power grid interconnection module, a DC power distribution module and a monitoring and management module; wherein the photovoltaic component module is used to convert light energy into DC power to supply other modules; the anomaly detection module is used to collect and analyze data generated by the photovoltaic system, and perform anomaly detection based on the above data; the energy storage system module is used to store and balance the power generated by the photovoltaic system; the power grid interconnection module is used to connect the photovoltaic system to the public power grid; the DC power distribution module is used to convert the AC power output by the inverter into DC power; the monitoring and management module is used to monitor the current, voltage and power generation of the photovoltaic system in real time; the control terminal comprises a base bracket 1, a mounting plate 2 and a distributed photovoltaic panel 3; wherein the mounting plate 2 is tilted at the upper end of the base bracket 1, and the distributed photovoltaic panel 3 is detachably arranged on the upper surface of the mounting plate 2 through a slot structure; an anomaly detection module is arranged inside the mounting plate 2.

[0061] The abnormality detection module is electrically connected to the photovoltaic module module, the energy storage system module and the data acquisition and analysis module are electrically connected to the photovoltaic module module, the power grid interconnection module is electrically connected to the energy storage system module, the data acquisition and photovoltaic module module, the DC power distribution module is electrically connected to the power grid interconnection module and the energy storage system module, and the control and management module is electrically connected to the DC power distribution module, the power grid interconnection module, the energy storage system module, the data acquisition and analysis module and the photovoltaic module module.

[0062] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic component module includes: a light absorption unit: absorbing sunlight and generating photogenerated electron-hole pairs; a PN junction unit: generating photogenerated electron-hole pairs when photons hit the PN junction; an electric field unit: separating electron-hole pairs, so that electrons are directed toward the N-type semiconductor and holes are directed toward the P-type semiconductor; an electrode unit: collecting and conducting current formed by photogenerated electrons and holes; a conductive wire unit: outputting current from the solar cell panel to an external circuit; a reflector unit: reflecting unabsorbed light;

[0063] The energy storage system module includes: energy storage element unit, including batteries and supercapacitors, used to store energy; power conversion unit: including inverters and transformers, converting stored DC power into AC power; control unit, used to monitor and manage the charge and discharge control and protection functions of the energy storage system; connection unit: connected to the power grid system to input and output energy; cooling system, used to control the temperature of the energy storage element;

[0064] The grid interconnection module includes: inverter unit: converts DC power into AC power and outputs the energy in the energy storage system to the grid; controller unit: monitors the state of the grid and detects the connection security and stability of the grid; coordinator unit: coordinates the energy exchange between the energy storage system and the grid; protection device unit: protects the distributed energy system and the grid itself;

[0065] The DC power distribution module includes: a DC input terminal unit: receiving input from DC energy, including solar panels and wind turbines; a DC converter unit: converting the input DC power; a DC distribution switch unit: controlling the transmission and distribution of DC power, helping the correct flow and safe distribution of power in the system; a DC voltage regulator unit: used to stabilize the output voltage of DC power to ensure that the connected equipment obtains a stable power supply; an overload protection device: protecting the DC power distribution system from unexpected situations such as overload or short circuit; the DC converter unit specifically includes: an input terminal board: a terminal board connected to the input DC power supply, including a positive Negative terminal, connected to the photovoltaic module; rectifier module: a module that converts the input AC power into DC power; filter circuit: smoothes the waveform of DC power and eliminates fluctuations and noise; inverter module: uses PWM inverter to control DC power conversion; heat sink: dissipates heat from the internal components of the DC converter; the DC distribution switch unit specifically includes: input terminal board: connected to the DC power supply entering the switch unit, including positive and negative terminal blocks; circuit breaker switch: used to control the connection and disconnection of the circuit; overcurrent protection device: monitors the current and cuts off the circuit when the current exceeds the rated value; overvoltage protection device: monitors the voltage and cuts off the circuit when the voltage exceeds the rated value.

[0066] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A distributed photovoltaic anomaly identification method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Obtain the power generation, ambient temperature and light intensity data of distributed photovoltaic panels; S2: Construct an anomaly recognition model based on the above data; S3: Identify abnormal parameters of distributed photovoltaic panels based on the abnormality recognition model; S4: Predict the probability of abnormal occurrence based on abnormal parameters.

2. A distributed photovoltaic anomaly identification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anomaly recognition formula in the anomaly recognition model is: In the formula, X is the original data, θ is the mean of the sample, is the standard deviation of the sample, Zs is the deviation index; the above original data, sample mean, and sample standard deviation are all obtained based on the data in S1.

3. A distributed photovoltaic anomaly identification method according to claim 2, characterized in that: When Zs exceeds 2, the corresponding raw data is identified as abnormal parameters.

4. A distributed photovoltaic anomaly identification method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The identification formula for the probability of anomaly occurrence in the anomaly identification model is: In the formula, p is the predicted probability of abnormal occurrence, x i is the abnormal data of the ith time, f v is the total number of abnormalities that occurred, and h is the number of events.

5. A distributed photovoltaic anomaly identification system, used to implement the distributed photovoltaic anomaly identification method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It includes photovoltaic module module, anomaly detection module, energy storage system module, grid interconnection module, DC power distribution module and monitoring and management module; The photovoltaic module is used to convert light energy into DC power to supply other modules; An anomaly detection module, used to collect and analyze data generated by the photovoltaic system and perform anomaly detection based on the above data; Energy storage system module, used to store and balance the electricity generated by the photovoltaic system; Grid interconnection module, used to connect the photovoltaic system to the public grid; A DC power distribution module is used to convert the AC power output by the inverter into DC power; The monitoring and management module is used to monitor the current, voltage and power generation of the photovoltaic system in real time.

6. A distributed photovoltaic anomaly identification system, characterized by: The anomaly detection module includes a data acquisition unit, a data preprocessing unit and a data analysis unit; The data acquisition unit is used to collect information on the power generation, ambient temperature and light intensity of the solar panel; The data preprocessing unit is used to perform standardized data processing on the collected data; wherein the standardized processing formula is: in, is the standardized data, x is the original data, and x min is the minimum value of the data, x max is the maximum value of the data; A data analysis unit is used to detect anomalies and perform predictive modeling on the data generated by the photovoltaic system.

7. A distributed photovoltaic anomaly identification system, characterized by: The photovoltaic module includes: light absorption unit: absorbs sunlight and generates photogenerated electron-hole pairs; PN junction unit: when photons hit the PN junction, photogenerated electron-hole pairs are generated; electric field unit: separates electron-hole pairs, so that electrons are directed toward N-type semiconductors and holes are directed toward P-type semiconductors; electrode unit: collects and conducts current formed by photogenerated electrons and holes; conductive wire unit: outputs current from the solar panel to the external circuit; reflection unit: reflects unabsorbed light; The energy storage system module includes: energy storage element unit, including batteries and supercapacitors, used to store energy; power conversion unit: including inverters and transformers, converting stored DC power into AC power; control unit, used to monitor and manage the charge and discharge control and protection functions of the energy storage system; connection unit: connected to the power grid system to input and output energy; cooling system, used to control the temperature of the energy storage element; The grid interconnection module includes: inverter unit: converts DC power into AC power and outputs the energy in the energy storage system to the grid; controller unit: monitors the state of the grid and detects the connection security and stability of the grid; coordinator unit: coordinates the energy exchange between the energy storage system and the grid; protection device unit: protects the distributed energy system and the grid itself; The DC power distribution module includes: DC input terminal unit: receiving input from DC energy, including solar panels and wind turbines; DC converter unit: converting the input DC power; DC distribution switch unit: controlling the transmission and distribution of DC power, helping the correct flow and safe distribution of power in the system; DC voltage regulator unit: used to stabilize the output voltage of DC power to ensure that the connected equipment obtains a stable power supply; overload protection device: protecting the DC power distribution system from unexpected situations such as overload or short circuit; The DC converter unit specifically includes: input terminal board: a terminal board connected to the input DC power supply, including positive and negative terminal blocks, connected to the photovoltaic module; rectifier module: a module that converts the input AC power into DC power; filter circuit: smoothes the waveform of DC power and eliminates fluctuations and noise; inverter module: uses PWM inverter to control DC power conversion; heat sink: dissipates heat from the internal components of the DC converter; The DC distribution switch unit specifically includes: an input terminal board: connected to the DC power supply entering the switch unit, including positive and negative wiring terminals; a circuit breaker switch: used to control the connection and disconnection of the circuit; an overcurrent protection device: monitors the current and cuts off the circuit when the current exceeds the rated value; an overvoltage protection device: monitors the voltage and cuts off the circuit when the voltage exceeds the rated value.

8. A distributed photovoltaic anomaly identification system, characterized by: The invention also comprises a control terminal, which comprises a base support (1), a mounting plate (2) and a distributed photovoltaic panel (3); wherein the mounting plate (2) is arranged obliquely on the upper end of the base support (1), and the distributed photovoltaic panel (3) is detachably arranged on the upper surface of the mounting plate (2) through a slot structure; and an abnormality detection module is arranged inside the mounting plate (2).

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