Radio frequency combiner with low insertion loss

Abstract

The invention discloses a low insertion loss radio frequency combiner, the combiner comprises a cavity, at least one partition plate, a plurality of input interfaces, an output interface, a cover plate and an antenna, the cavity is provided with a first side wall and a second side wall which are oppositely arranged in a first direction; the at least one partition plate is arranged in the cavity, one end of the partition plate is connected with the first side wall, the other end of the partition plate faces the second side wall, a gap is formed between the partition plate and the second side wall, the partition plate divides the interior of the cavity into a plurality of sub-cavities which are communicated with one another, and the sub-cavities are arranged in the second direction; the plurality of input interfaces are arranged on one side, deviating from the second side wall, of the first side wall and communicate with the plurality of sub-cavities in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the output interface is arranged on one side, deviating from the first side wall, of the second side wall; the cover plate is hermetically connected with the cavity; the antenna is arranged in the cavity, and at least one of the edge of the cavity and the central area of the sub-cavity is provided with the antenna. According to the invention, the receiving and transmitting efficiency and quality of signals can be obviously improved, and the insertion loss is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of combiners, and in particular to a low insertion loss radio frequency combiner. Background Art

[0002] A combiner is an electronic device that combines multiple input signals into one output signal. Its main function is to combine multiple carrier signals into one signal so that they can be transmitted in the same frequency band. Combiners are commonly used in telecommunications, broadcasting, satellite communications and other fields.

[0003] Traditional combiners are usually composed of a combiner cavity, a combiner cover, screws, a tuning screw, a locking nut, a positioning pin and other parts. The signal is prone to large insertion loss during the combining process, affecting the transmission efficiency and quality of the signal. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a low insertion loss RF combiner, aiming to solve the problem that large insertion loss is prone to occur during the signal combining process, affecting the transmission efficiency and quality of the signal.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a low insertion loss RF combiner, which includes a cavity, at least one partition, multiple input interfaces, an output interface, a cover plate and an antenna, wherein the cavity has a first side wall and a second side wall arranged opposite to each other in a first direction, and the first direction is the same as the length direction of the cavity; at least one partition is arranged in the cavity and one end is connected to the first side wall, and the other end faces the second side wall and has a gap between the second side wall, wherein the partition divides the interior of the cavity into multiple interconnected sub-chambers, and the multiple sub-chambers are arranged in a second direction, and the second direction is the same as the width direction of the cavity; multiple input interfaces are all arranged on the side of the first side wall away from the second side wall and are connected to the multiple sub-chambers one by one; the output interface is arranged on the side of the second side wall away from the first side wall; the cover plate is sealed and connected to the cavity; the antenna is arranged in the cavity, wherein the antenna is arranged at least at one place at the edge of the cavity and in the central area of ​​the sub-chamber.

[0006] Optionally, the combiner further includes an adjustable element, which is disposed in the cavity; wherein the adjustable element is disposed at least at one of the corners of the cavity, one side of the partition, the input interface, and the output interface.

[0007] Optionally, the combiner further includes multiple groups of coupling components, and the multiple groups of coupling components include capacitive coupling components and / or inductive coupling components and / or hole coupling components.

[0008] Optionally, the capacitive coupling assembly includes a dielectric seat, a coupling screw, two capacitive coupling plates and a locking screw, wherein the dielectric seat is arranged in the cavity; the coupling screw passes through the dielectric seat and is threadedly connected to the dielectric seat, wherein the plane defined by the first direction and the second direction is parallel to the axial direction of the coupling screw; the two capacitive coupling plates are threadedly connected to the two ends of the coupling screw respectively; the locking screw passes through the cover plate and one end is inserted into the dielectric seat, the locking screw is threadedly connected to the cover plate and the dielectric seat, and the coupling screw is located on the moving path of the locking screw.

[0009] Optionally, the inductive coupling component includes two inductive coupling seats and an inductive coupling ring, and both of the inductive coupling seats penetrate the cover plate; the inductive coupling ring is arranged in the cavity and has two ends electrically connected to one of the inductive coupling seats respectively.

[0010] Optionally, the combiner further comprises a patch, which is disposed in the cavity; wherein the patch is pasted at least at one location on a side wall of the cavity, at a corner of the cavity, and on one side of the partition.

[0011] Optionally, an absorbent material coating is provided on the inner wall of the cavity.

[0012] Optionally, the combiner further includes an electromagnetic bandgap structure, which is connected to the cover plate; wherein the electromagnetic bandgap structure is provided at least at one location, at a top corner of the cavity and on a signal transmission path.

[0013] Optionally, a plurality of air holes are provided on the side of the cavity away from the cover plate; the combiner further comprises an air plate and an air pressure plate, the air plate is provided on the side of the cavity away from the cover plate and covers the air holes; the air pressure plate is provided on the side of the air plate away from the cavity, a plurality of through holes are provided on the air pressure plate, and the through holes are connected to the air holes in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0014] Optionally, the air-permeable plate is a multi-layer structure, and the inner layer of the air-permeable plate is made of a material with electromagnetic shielding function.

[0015] A low insertion loss RF combiner proposed in an embodiment of the present application has an antenna arranged in a cavity. The antenna position is optimized according to multiple factors such as the signal propagation direction, the electromagnetic characteristics of the cavity, and avoiding signal interference, so as to improve the sensitivity of the antenna to receive the signal. At the same time, the antenna can be used to effectively radiate the signal, thereby significantly improving the reception and transmission efficiency and quality of the signal and reducing the insertion loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structural disassembly of a low insertion loss RF combiner provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the embodiment of the present application after the cover plate is removed; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cavity according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a capacitive coupling component according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the inductive coupling component according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] In the figure: 1. cavity; 11. adjustable component; 12. patch; 13. electromagnetic band gap structure; 2. partition; 3. input interface; 4. output interface; 5. cover plate; 71. dielectric seat; 72. coupling screw; 73. capacitor coupling disk; 74. locking screw; 81. inductive coupling seat; 82. inductive coupling ring; 91. breathable plate; 92. breathable pressure plate.

[0018] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0021] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the full text includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme that satisfies both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0023] refer to Figure 1 to Figure 5 It should be understood that Figure 1 The connections between the components should be like Figure 3 As compact as in the example, this is just an example. Figure 1 Some components in the middle are displayed separately for easy understanding. An embodiment of the present application provides a low insertion loss RF combiner, which may include a cavity 1, at least one partition 2, multiple input interfaces 3, an output interface 4, a cover 5 and an antenna, wherein the cavity 1 has a first side wall and a second side wall arranged opposite to each other in a first direction, and the first direction is the same as the length direction of the cavity 1; at least one partition 2 is arranged in the cavity 1 and one end is connected to the first side wall, and the other end faces the second side wall and has a gap between the second side wall, wherein the partition 2 divides the interior of the cavity 1 into a plurality of interconnected sub-chambers, and the plurality of sub-chambers are arranged in the second direction, and the second direction is the same as the width direction of the cavity 1; the plurality of input interfaces 3 are all arranged on the side of the first side wall away from the second side wall and are connected to the plurality of sub-chambers one by one; the output interface 4 is arranged on the side of the second side wall away from the first side wall; the cover 5 is sealed and connected to the cavity 1; the antenna is arranged in the cavity 1, wherein the antenna is arranged at least at one place at the edge of the cavity 1 and in the central area of ​​the sub-chamber.

[0024] A low insertion loss RF combiner proposed in an embodiment of the present application has an antenna arranged in a cavity 1, and the antenna position is optimized according to multiple factors such as the signal propagation direction, the electromagnetic characteristics of the cavity 1, and avoiding signal interference, so as to improve the sensitivity of the antenna to receive the signal. At the same time, the antenna can be used to effectively radiate the signal, thereby significantly improving the reception and transmission efficiency and quality of the signal and reducing the insertion loss.

[0025] Of course, the number of antennas is not limited to one. If it is necessary to receive and transmit signals in different directions, or to improve the signal strength in a specific direction, multiple antennas can be installed at different positions inside the cavity 1. For example, antennas can be installed at different positions on the edge of the cavity 1 and in the central area of ​​each sub-chamber according to actual needs.

[0026] Among them, Figure 1 As shown, the first direction is the X direction, and the second direction is the Y direction; the cavity 1 is made of a material with good electromagnetic properties, such as aluminum alloy. The cross-sectional shape parallel to the cover plate 5 is a rectangle. The advantage of the rectangular design is that it reduces the complexity of manufacturing. Compared with some complex shapes, rectangles are easier to process and manufacture, reducing production costs and process difficulties; at the same time, the rectangular cavity 1 can provide a stable installation space for other components and facilitate the arrangement of the internal structure. For example, a partition 2 is set in the cavity 1, and an antenna is installed. In addition, the edges of the rectangle are relatively regular, and the walls inside the cavity 1 can be connected by rounded corners to reduce the diffraction effect and reflection of the edges, thereby optimizing the signal transmission path and reducing insertion loss.

[0027] In addition, the material of the cover 5 is consistent with that of the cavity 1, and after being connected to the cavity 1, good sealing and electromagnetic shielding performance can be ensured. The cover 5 covers the top of the cavity 1 and can be fixed to the cavity 1 by screws or other connection methods.

[0028] It should be understood that metal materials can be used for both the input interface 3 and the output interface 4 to ensure good signal transmission performance, and the input interface 3 and the output interface 4 are both located outside the cavity 1 to facilitate connection with external devices.

[0029] It should be noted that the following aspects can be considered to determine the installation location of the antenna: First, it can be determined by the direction of signal propagation. If the signal is mainly input from a specific direction, the antenna can be installed at the edge of the cavity 1 close to that direction. For example, when the combiner is used to receive RF signals from a specific angle, the antenna can be placed at the edge of the cavity 1 corresponding to the angle to improve the receiving sensitivity.

[0030] Secondly, the antenna position can be determined according to the strength and direction of the electromagnetic field. For example, in some areas where the electromagnetic field strength is strong and relatively stable, the antenna can be installed in these locations to obtain better signal reception and transmission effects.

[0031] Third, if there are other components in the cavity 1 that may generate interference, the antenna should be placed away from the interference source. For example, the adjustable component 11 described below may generate electromagnetic interference when working, and the antenna can be installed at a certain distance from the adjustable component 11, or isolated by a partition 2 or the like.

[0032] In addition, the shape, size, height, etc. of the antenna can be optimized according to the actual application scenario and signal characteristics. Generally speaking, the shape of the antenna can be linear, sheet-like, or other specific shapes, and the size and height should meet the needs of signal reception and transmission as much as possible without affecting the overall structure and performance of the cavity 1.

[0033] Among them, the antenna can be made of a material with good conductive properties, such as copper, to improve the efficiency of receiving and transmitting signals. At the same time, selecting an antenna material that matches the material of the cavity 1 can also reduce electromagnetic incompatibility between materials.

[0034] Of course, although the antenna is in the cavity 1, it is still possible to reduce the impact of external interference on the antenna by setting an appropriate electromagnetic shielding structure around the antenna, such as a metal shielding cover or using specific electromagnetic shielding materials. At the same time, the electromagnetic shielding performance of the cavity 1 itself can be improved by improving the structure and materials of the cavity 1, thereby protecting the antenna from external interference.

[0035] Furthermore, with the continuous development of communication technology, the requirements for signal quality and transmission efficiency are getting higher and higher. The antenna provided in the combiner of the present application can provide the combiner with more functions and performance advantages, and meet the needs of modern communication systems for high-performance RF signal processing. For example, in a multi-band communication system, the antenna can be optimized for signals of different frequency bands to improve the combiner's processing capabilities for different signals.

[0036] In addition, the presence of the antenna enables the combiner to better adapt to different application scenarios and signal environments. By adjusting the position, shape and parameters of the antenna, the performance of the combiner can be fine-tuned according to actual needs, so that it can maintain good performance under different working conditions.

[0037] refer to Figure 1 In an exemplary embodiment, the combiner may further include an adjustable element 11, which is disposed in the cavity 1; wherein the adjustable element 11 is disposed at least at one of the corners of the cavity 1, one side of the partition 2, the input interface 3, and the output interface 4.

[0038] Specifically, the adjustable element 11 may be a MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) element or a varactor diode.

[0039] When the adjustable element 11 is installed at the corner of the cavity 1, the signal propagates at the corner, and due to the change in direction, reflection and loss are likely to occur. Integrating the adjustable element 11 at this position can directly adjust the electromagnetic field of the signal, quickly and effectively change the electromagnetic characteristics of the cavity 1, and reduce reflection and loss.

[0040] When the adjustable element 11 is installed on the partition 2, the adjustable element 11 corresponds to each sub-chamber, so that the signals of different sub-chambers can be adjusted independently to optimize the isolation and transmission efficiency between different signals. For example, in a multi-band combiner, signals of different frequency bands are separated by the partition 2. The adjustable element 11 is integrated near the partition 2, and the electromagnetic characteristics can be dynamically adjusted according to the requirements of different frequency bands, thereby improving the quality and stability of the signal and reducing the insertion loss.

[0041] When the adjustable element 11 is installed near the input interface 3 and the output interface 4, the impedance matching of the port can be dynamically adjusted according to the characteristics of the input signal, the reflection loss can be reduced, and the signal transmission efficiency can be improved. At the same time, the output signal can also be fine-tuned to ensure that the quality of the output signal meets the requirements.

[0042] Among them, when the adjustable element 11 adopts a varactor diode, the characteristic that the capacitance of the diode changes with the reverse bias voltage is used to realize dynamic adjustment of the frequency. When the reverse bias voltage of the varactor diode is changed, its capacitance value will change. In the combiner, the varactor diode can be integrated at the key node, and the equivalent capacitance of the cavity 1 is changed by changing its capacitance value, thereby adjusting the electromagnetic characteristics of the cavity 1. For example, a varactor diode is installed at the corner of the signal transmission path. When the frequency response of the signal needs to be adjusted, the capacitance value of the varactor diode can be adjusted by changing the reverse bias voltage, thereby changing the electromagnetic characteristics of the cavity 1 at this position, and realizing the tuning of the signal.

[0043] When the adjustable element 11 adopts a MEMS element, the capacitance value can be adjusted by changing the plate spacing or area of ​​the MEMS capacitor, or the inductance value can be adjusted by changing the coil shape or size of the MEMS inductor. In the combiner, the MEMS element can be dynamically adjusted according to different signal conditions to achieve precise control of the electromagnetic characteristics of the cavity 1. For example, a MEMS capacitor is installed at a position adjacent to the partition 2, and the capacitance value of the MEMS capacitor can be adjusted according to the signal requirements of different sub-chambers to optimize the isolation and transmission efficiency of the signal.

[0044] It should be noted that, if in actual applications, it is found that the electromagnetic field at the corner of the cavity 1 changes greatly, and the electromagnetic characteristics of this position need to be dynamically adjusted to reduce reflection and loss, then an adjustable element 11 can be installed at the corner of the cavity 1; if the signal isolation and transmission efficiency between different sub-chambers need to be optimized, and this goal can be better achieved by installing an adjustable element 11 on the partition 2; and when the impedance matching near the signal input interface 3 and the output interface 4 needs to be adjusted to reduce reflection loss, the adjustable element 11 can be installed near the signal input and output ports. In short, the specific installation position of the adjustable element 11 should be comprehensively considered and selected based on multiple factors such as the actual performance requirements of the combiner, signal characteristics, and existing problems.

[0045] In an exemplary embodiment, the combiner may further include multiple sets of coupling components, wherein the multiple sets of coupling components include capacitive coupling components and / or inductive coupling components and / or hole coupling components.

[0046] It should be understood that there are seven coupling component schemes included here. First, there is only one capacitive coupling component among multiple groups of coupling components; second, there is only one inductive coupling component among multiple groups of coupling components; third, there is only one hole coupling component among multiple groups of coupling components; fourth, there are two types of capacitive coupling components and inductive coupling components among multiple groups of coupling components; fifth, there are two types of capacitive coupling components and hole coupling components among multiple groups of coupling components; sixth, there are two types of hole coupling components and inductive coupling components among multiple groups of coupling components; seventh, there are two types of capacitive coupling components and inductive coupling components among multiple groups of coupling components.

[0047] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 In an exemplary embodiment, the capacitive coupling component may include a dielectric seat 71, a coupling screw 72, two capacitive coupling disks 73 and a locking screw 74, wherein the dielectric seat 71 is arranged in the cavity 1; the coupling screw 72 passes through the dielectric seat 71 and is threadedly connected to the dielectric seat 71, wherein the plane defined by the first direction and the second direction is parallel to the axial direction of the coupling screw 72; the two capacitive coupling disks 73 are threadedly connected to the two ends of the coupling screw 72 respectively; the locking screw 74 passes through the cover plate 5 and one end is inserted into the dielectric seat 71, the locking screw 74 is threadedly connected to the cover plate 5 and the dielectric seat 71, and the coupling screw 72 is located on the moving path of the locking screw 74.

[0048] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the present application includes only one partition plate 2, which divides the interior of the cavity 1 into two small chambers. The two small chambers are arranged in the second direction. In each small chamber, multiple baffles are also arranged. The multiple baffles divide the small chamber into multiple small chambers distributed in the first direction and interconnected. Multiple small chambers constitute a small chamber, and the small chamber is wavy-shaped in a cross section parallel to the cover plate 5.

[0049] Among them, a metal sheet, namely a capacitive coupling plate 73, can be installed between adjacent chambers to form a capacitor. When a signal propagates in a chamber, a charge will be induced on the metal sheet, thereby generating an electric field in another chamber, and this electric field will excite the signal in the adjacent chamber, thereby realizing the transmission of the signal from one chamber to another. The coupling strength of the capacitive coupling component can also be used to further optimize the distribution and transmission of the signal and improve the performance of the combiner.

[0050] Specifically, the distance between the two capacitive coupling disks 73 can be adjusted by rotating the two capacitive coupling disks 73, and the distance and electric field distribution between the two capacitive coupling disks 73 can be changed, thereby adjusting the capacitive coupling strength. For example, when it is necessary to enhance the capacitive coupling effect, the distance between the two capacitive coupling disks 73 can be appropriately shortened, thereby increasing the capacitive coupling strength. Conversely, when it is necessary to weaken the capacitive coupling effect, the distance between the two capacitive coupling disks 73 can be appropriately increased, thereby reducing the capacitive coupling strength.

[0051] It should be noted that capacitive coupling is suitable for signals with lower frequency and lower power, because in this case, the effect of capacitance is relatively obvious and the signal can be transmitted effectively.

[0052] Specifically, rotating the locking screw 74 against the coupling screw 72 can prevent the coupling screw 72 from rotating, ensuring that the coupling screw 72 will not loosen or move due to vibration, temperature change or other external factors during the operation of the combiner. If the coupling screw 72 is loose, the connection between the capacitive coupling disk 73 and other components will be unstable, thereby affecting the effect of capacitive coupling and may even cause signal transmission interruption. The locking screw 74 firmly fixes the coupling screw 72 on the dielectric seat 71 through its pressure on the coupling screw 72, ensuring the stability of the capacitive coupling structure.

[0053] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, the capacitive coupling component can be arranged between two resonant columns, and the two capacitive coupling plates 73 in the capacitive coupling component are respectively facing a resonant column. When the distance between the two capacitive coupling plates 73 is changed, the electric field distribution between them will be affected, thereby affecting the surrounding electromagnetic field environment. Since the resonant column will also participate in the distribution of the electromagnetic field and the resonance of the signal in the combiner, the change in the spacing between the capacitive coupling plates 73 will change the electromagnetic field strength and distribution around the resonant column, thereby affecting the resonant characteristics of the resonant column. For example, reducing the spacing between the capacitive coupling plates 73 will enhance the electric field strength, thereby affecting the resonant frequency and signal transmission characteristics of the resonant column, thereby optimizing the distribution and transmission of the signal, improving the performance of the combiner, and reducing the insertion loss.

[0054] refer to Figure 5In an exemplary embodiment, the inductive coupling component may include two inductive coupling seats 81 and an inductive coupling ring 82, and the two inductive coupling seats 81 both penetrate the cover plate 5; the inductive coupling ring 82 is arranged in the cavity 1 and the two ends are electrically connected to an inductive coupling seat 81 respectively.

[0055] Specifically, a coil is wound between two chambers. When the signal in one chamber changes, a changing magnetic field is generated, which induces current in the coil in the other chamber, thus achieving signal coupling. The strength of the coupling can be controlled by adjusting the number of turns and position of the coil, and the distribution and transmission of the signal can be further optimized, the performance of the combiner can be improved, and the insertion loss can be reduced.

[0056] It should be noted that inductive coupling components are suitable for signals with higher frequencies and higher powers, because in this case, the effect of inductance is more significant and efficient signal coupling can be achieved.

[0057] In addition, a hole can be formed between adjacent chambers to form a hole coupling component, and the signal can be transmitted between the two chambers through this hole. The size and position of the hole can be precisely designed as needed to control the strength and frequency characteristics of the coupling.

[0058] It should be noted that, for signals in a specific frequency range, aperture coupling can achieve precise coupling control. For example, in some radar systems, aperture coupling can be used for signals in a specific frequency band.

[0059] It should be understood that capacitive coupling components, inductive coupling components and hole coupling components can be mixed according to actual needs. Different coupling methods are suitable for different signal characteristics and application scenarios. For example, capacitive coupling can be used for signals with lower frequency and lower power; inductive coupling can be used for signals with higher frequency and higher power; and hole coupling can be used for signals in a specific frequency range. In some complex combiner systems, multiple coupling methods can be used simultaneously at different locations according to different signal transmission requirements to achieve more optimized signal transmission and processing effects.

[0060] refer to Figure 2 In an exemplary embodiment, the combiner may further include a patch 12 , which is disposed in the cavity 1 ; wherein the patch 12 is pasted at least one place on the side wall of the cavity 1 , at a corner of the cavity 1 , and on one side of the partition 2 .

[0061] Specifically, the patch 12 may be a frequency selective surface (FSS). The pasting position of the patch 12 may be considered from the following aspects: First, the patches 12 are pasted on the inner wall surface of the cavity 1 and the patches 12 are arranged periodically to reflect or absorb signals of specific frequencies, thereby further optimizing the signal path.

[0062] Second, according to the frequency and reflection requirements of the signal, the patch 12 is pasted at the corner of the cavity 1. Because the signal is prone to reflection and loss when propagating at the corner, the patch 12 can process the signal of a specific frequency at this position, reduce reflection and loss, and optimize the signal path.

[0063] Thirdly, the patch 12 can also be attached to one side of the partition 2, so that the patch 12 can process the signals of different small chambers at specific frequencies, thereby improving the isolation and transmission efficiency of the signals.

[0064] It should be noted that the patch 12 is composed of a metal patch, and the material of the patch 12 can be a metal with good conductivity such as copper and aluminum. These patches 12 are arranged on the inner wall or specific position of the cavity 1 according to a certain period. When the radio frequency signal is emitted to the patch 12, the signal of a specific frequency will be reflected or absorbed according to factors such as the size and spacing of the patch 12 and the material properties of the cavity 1. By reflecting or absorbing the signal of a specific frequency, the propagation path of the signal in the cavity 1 can be changed, and unnecessary reflections and diffractions can be reduced, thereby optimizing the signal path. For example, if it is necessary to suppress an interference signal of a specific frequency, a patch 12 can be affixed to an appropriate position of the cavity 1 to reflect or absorb the signal of that frequency, thereby reducing the impact of the interference signal on the useful signal.

[0065] For mobile communication applications, it may be necessary to reflect or absorb specific mobile phone communication frequency bands. For example, frequencies such as 2.4GHz (Wi-Fi band) or 1.8GHz (certain mobile phone communication bands) can be targeted by designing suitable patches 12. On an inner wall surface of the cavity 1, a layer of patch 12 composed of square metal patches can be integrated, and the size and spacing of the patch 12 are designed according to the frequency that needs to be reflected or absorbed. When the RF signal propagates in the cavity 1, the patch 12 will reflect or absorb specific mobile phone communication frequency bands, thereby reducing signal interference in these frequency bands, optimizing the signal path, and thus reducing insertion loss.

[0066] In an exemplary embodiment, an absorption material coating is provided on the inner wall of the cavity 1; materials with good electromagnetic absorption properties such as ferrite and carbon-loaded foam can be selected and evenly sprayed on the inner wall of the cavity 1 to absorb reflected waves and effectively reduce the reflection loss of the signal, that is, reduce the insertion loss.

[0067] refer to Figure 3In an exemplary embodiment, the combiner may further include an electromagnetic bandgap structure 13, which is connected to the cover plate 5; wherein the electromagnetic bandgap structure 13 is provided at least at one location at the top corner of the cavity 1 and on the signal transmission path.

[0068] Specifically, the electromagnetic band gap structure 13 is an EBG (Electromagnetic Band Gap), which is a structure composed of periodically arranged conductive or magnetic elements. When the radio frequency signal is projected onto the electromagnetic band gap structure 13, the signal of a specific frequency will be prohibited from propagating according to factors such as the period of the electromagnetic band gap structure 13, the size of the element, and the material properties, forming a so-called "band gap". By designing a suitable electromagnetic band gap structure 13, its band gap can cover a specific frequency range that needs to be suppressed. In this way, when the signal propagates in the cavity 1, the signal of a specific frequency will be suppressed by the electromagnetic band gap structure 13 and cannot propagate in a specific direction, thereby reducing the signal interference of these frequencies, optimizing the signal path, and further reducing the insertion loss. For example, in a combiner used for satellite communication, it may be necessary to suppress the frequencies of certain ground interference signals. By integrating the electromagnetic band gap structure 13 inside the cavity 1 so that its band gap covers the frequency range of these interference signals, the propagation of interference signals can be effectively suppressed and the quality of satellite communication signals can be improved.

[0069] If the signal is prone to reflection and interference at the corners, an electromagnetic bandgap structure 13 can be integrated at the corners to suppress the propagation of signals of specific frequencies and reduce reflection and interference. For example, for signals of certain frequencies, an electromagnetic bandgap structure 13 is integrated at each of the four corners of the rectangular cavity 1, which can effectively suppress the reflection of signals of these frequencies at the corners and optimize the signal path.

[0070] Of course, integrating the electromagnetic band gap structure 13 at a key position on the signal transmission path can suppress signals of specific frequencies in a targeted manner. For example, integrating an electromagnetic band gap structure 13 at a certain interval on the signal transmission channel inside the cavity 1 can gradually suppress the propagation of signals of specific frequencies and improve the transmission quality of the signal.

[0071] It should be noted that the number of the electromagnetic bandgap structures 13 can be one or more, depending on the need to suppress specific frequency signals, and they are not necessarily arranged separately at corners or on signal transmission channels.

[0072] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2In an exemplary embodiment, a plurality of air holes are provided on the side of the cavity 1 away from the cover plate 5; the combiner may further include an air-permeable plate 91 and an air-permeable pressure plate 92, the air-permeable plate 91 being provided on the side of the cavity 1 away from the cover plate 5 and covering the air holes; the air-permeable pressure plate 92 being provided on the side of the air-permeable plate 91 away from the cavity 1, and a plurality of through holes are provided on the air-permeable pressure plate 92, and the through holes are connected to the air holes one by one.

[0073] Among them, the breathable pressure plate 92 and the breathable plate 91 can be made of materials with certain mechanical strength and breathability, for example, composite materials containing metal fibers or conductive particles can be used. These materials can block the leakage of radio frequency signals to a certain extent while ensuring good breathability. The multiple through holes set on the breathable pressure plate 92 are connected to the multiple breathable holes at the bottom of the cavity 1 in a one-to-one correspondence. The breathable plate 91 is located between the breathable pressure plate 92 and the cavity 1, so that the interior of the cavity 1 can be connected to the outside world at the breathable holes, effectively balancing the temperature, ensuring the heat dissipation effect in the cavity 1, and balancing the pressure in the cavity 1 and the outside world, thereby reducing the signal loss caused by temperature changes.

[0074] Specifically, during the operation of the combiner, the temperature in the cavity 1 will change due to the heating of the internal electronic components and the change of the external ambient temperature. If there are no effective heat dissipation and pressure balancing measures, the temperature change may cause signal loss and affect the performance and stability of the combiner. The air permeable plate 91 and the air permeable pressure plate 92 are made of materials with certain air permeability and are installed on the side of the cavity 1 away from the cover plate 5. When the temperature in the cavity 1 rises, the hot air will be discharged from the cavity 1 through the air holes, the air permeable plate 91 and the through holes, and the external cold air will enter the cavity 1 to achieve air circulation, thereby balancing the temperature in the cavity 1. In addition, the air permeable structure can also balance the pressure in the cavity 1 to avoid adverse effects on signal transmission due to pressure changes. In this way, the air permeable plate 91 and the air permeable pressure plate 92 can effectively reduce the signal loss caused by temperature changes and improve the stability and reliability of the combiner.

[0075] It should be noted that the arrangement direction of the air holes should avoid interference with signal transmission as much as possible. For example, the air holes should not be directly facing the antenna, adjustable components, patch 12, electromagnetic band gap structure 13 and other components, so as not to affect the reception and transmission of signals. In addition, the air holes can be arranged in the direction with the least interference to the signal according to the electromagnetic field distribution inside the cavity.

[0076] Of course, the arrangement direction of the air holes should not affect the structural strength of the cavity. If the air holes are arranged too concentrated or in key structural parts, the strength of the cavity may be weakened and the overall stability of the combiner may be affected.

[0077] In an exemplary embodiment, the air permeable plate 91 is a multi-layer structure, and the inner layer of the air permeable plate 91 is made of a material having an electromagnetic shielding function.

[0078] Specifically, the outer layer of the air permeable plate 91 can be made of a material with good mechanical strength and air permeability, and the inner layer can be made of a material with electromagnetic shielding function. Such a design can effectively reduce signal leakage while ensuring air permeability.

[0079] In addition, the size of the air holes at the bottom of the cavity 1 should be as small as possible to reduce the possibility of signal leakage; at the same time, the shape of the opening can be circular, square or other regular shapes to avoid sharp edges and reduce signal diffraction.

[0080] Furthermore, a special electromagnetic shielding structure, such as a metal mesh or an electromagnetic shielding ring, is provided at the air hole. The aperture of the metal mesh should be smaller than the wavelength of the RF signal to prevent the signal from leaking out through the opening. These structures can effectively block the leakage of RF signals without affecting the air permeability.

[0081] Furthermore, signal processing technology can be used inside the combiner to compensate for possible leaked signals. For example, digital signal processing technology can be used to monitor and analyze the output signal. When signal leakage is detected, the amplitude and phase of the signal are automatically adjusted to compensate for the leaked signal. Feedback control technology can also be used to monitor the signal strength and quality inside the combiner in real time. When signal leakage is found, the electromagnetic characteristics of the cavity 1 are changed by adjusting the parameters of the adjustable element 11 (such as a varactor diode, a MEMS element, etc.), thereby reducing signal leakage.

[0082] In addition, a signal compensation circuit can be set at the output interface 4 of the combiner to compensate for possible leaked signals. For example, a compensation circuit composed of an amplifier and a filter is used to amplify and filter the output signal to compensate for the leaked signal. An adaptive compensation circuit can also be designed to automatically adjust the compensation parameters according to the signal state inside the combiner. For example, an adaptive compensation circuit controlled by a microprocessor is used to monitor the signal strength and quality inside the combiner in real time, and automatically adjust the parameters of the compensation circuit to achieve the best signal compensation effect.

[0083] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A low insertion loss radio frequency combiner, characterized in that: include: The cavity (1) comprises a first side wall and a second side wall which are arranged opposite to each other in a first direction, wherein the first direction is the same as a length direction of the cavity (1); at least one partition (2), arranged in the cavity (1) and having one end connected to the first side wall and the other end facing the second side wall and having a gap between the partition and the second side wall, wherein the partition (2) divides the interior of the cavity (1) into a plurality of interconnected sub-chambers, the plurality of sub-chambers being arranged in a second direction, the second direction being the same as the width direction of the cavity (1); A plurality of input interfaces (3), each of which is arranged on a side of the first side wall away from the second side wall and is in one-to-one communication with the plurality of sub-chambers; An output interface (4) is arranged on a side of the second side wall facing away from the first side wall; A cover plate (5) sealed to the cavity (1); An antenna is arranged in the cavity (1), wherein the antenna is arranged at least at one location, at an edge of the cavity (1) and at a central area of ​​the sub-chamber.

2. The low insertion loss radio frequency combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combiner also includes: An adjustable element (11) is arranged in the cavity (1); The adjustable element (11) is provided at least at one of the corners of the cavity (1), one side of the partition (2), the input interface (3) and the output interface (4).

3. The low insertion loss RF combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combiner also includes: A plurality of coupling components include capacitive coupling components and / or inductive coupling components and / or hole coupling components.

4. The low insertion loss radio frequency combiner according to claim 3, characterized in that: The capacitive coupling component comprises: A medium seat (71) is arranged in the cavity (1); a coupling screw (72) passing through the medium seat (71) and being threadedly connected to the medium seat (71), wherein a plane defined by the first direction and the second direction is parallel to an axial direction of the coupling screw (72); Two capacitive coupling plates (73) are respectively threadedly connected to two ends of the coupling screw rod (72); A locking screw (74) passes through the cover plate (5) and one end of which is inserted into the medium seat (71); the locking screw (74) is threadedly connected to the cover plate (5) and the medium seat (71); and the coupling screw (72) is located on a moving path of the locking screw (74).

5. The low insertion loss radio frequency combiner according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inductive coupling component comprises: Two inductive coupling seats (81), both of which penetrate the cover plate (5); An inductive coupling coil (82) is disposed in the cavity (1) and has two ends electrically connected to an inductive coupling seat (81) respectively.

6. The low insertion loss radio frequency combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combiner also includes: A patch (12) is arranged in the cavity (1); The patch (12) is adhered to at least one location on the side wall of the cavity (1), at a corner of the cavity (1), and on one side of the partition (2).

7. The low insertion loss radio frequency combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that: An absorbent material coating is provided on the inner wall of the cavity (1).

8. The low insertion loss radio frequency combiner according to claim 1, wherein: The combiner also includes: An electromagnetic band gap structure (13) connected to the cover plate (5); The electromagnetic band gap structure (13) is provided at least at one location, at a top corner of the cavity (1) and on a signal transmission path.

9. The low insertion loss radio frequency combiner according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of air holes are provided on a side of the cavity (1) facing away from the cover plate (5); the combiner further comprises: A vent plate (91) disposed on a side of the cavity (1) away from the cover plate (5) and covering each of the vent holes; The air-permeable pressure plate (92) is arranged on a side of the air-permeable plate (91) facing away from the cavity (1), and a plurality of through holes are arranged on the air-permeable pressure plate (92), and the through holes are connected to the air-permeable holes in a one-to-one correspondence.

10. The low insertion loss radio frequency combiner according to claim 9, characterized in that: The air permeable plate (91) is a multi-layer structure, and the inner layer of the air permeable plate (91) is made of a material having an electromagnetic shielding function.

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