Crop stubble crushing, deep-pressing and ridging device

Abstract

A crop stubble crushing, deep pressing and ridging device comprises an outer shell, a three-point suspension frame, a power input gearbox, a stubble cutting mechanism, a root cutting mechanism and a deep pressing mechanism, the three-point suspension frame is arranged on the front portion of the outer shell, the power input gearbox is installed on the top of the outer shell, and the stubble cutting mechanism, the root cutting mechanism and the deep pressing mechanism are arranged in the outer shell; a variable-diameter opening and closing stubble cutting mechanism is designed according to crop growth angle characteristics and adapts to efficient stubble cutting at crop stubble body positions, a root cutting mechanism adopts a lead screw to drive a cross-shaped root cutting knife to achieve rotation and horizontal reciprocating compound motion, ridge-side soil-entering root cutting is completed, a shaper with the gradually-changed width is adopted for normalizing the ridge shape, and the ridge-side soil-entering root cutting is achieved. During the period, the deep pressing mechanism adopts rake teeth with equal intervals to deeply press crushed stubbles and roots, and deep burying of the stubbles is completed while soil disturbance is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a crop stubble crushing and deep pressing ridge-building device. Background Art

[0002] Existing corn stubble crushing machines move too much soil during stubble processing, resulting in serious moisture loss. At the same time, the stubble cutting efficiency is low and the crushing effect is poor. The straw is scattered on the soil surface and the return depth to the field is insufficient. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned technical problems and develop a crop root stubble crushing and deep pressing ridge-building device. A variable diameter opening and closing stubble cutting mechanism is designed according to the crop growth angle characteristics to efficiently break the stubble at the stubble position. A cross root cutting knife is designed based on the distribution characteristics of underground roots to complete the root cutting on the side of the ridge. A shaper with a gradually changing width is used to regularize the ridge shape. Rake teeth with equal spacing gaps are used to deeply press the crushed stubble and roots to complete the deep burial of the root stubble under the premise of reducing soil disturbance. The purpose of the invention is achieved as follows: A crop root stubble crushing and deep pressing ridge-building device, characterized in that the device includes an outer shell, a three-point suspension frame, a power input gearbox, a stubble cutting mechanism, a root cutting mechanism, and a deep pressing mechanism. A three-point suspension frame is provided at the front of the outer shell, a power input gearbox is installed on the top of the outer shell, and a stubble cutting mechanism, a root cutting mechanism, and a deep pressing mechanism are provided in the outer shell.

[0004] The stubble cutting mechanism includes a transmission mechanism, a variable diameter opening and closing transmission mechanism, and a variable diameter opening and closing stubble cutting mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes a first transmission shaft, a first gearbox, a second transmission shaft, a third transmission shaft, a first fixed shaft, a second fixed shaft, a first half gear, a first transmission gear, a second transmission gear, and a second half gear. The two ends of the first transmission shaft are respectively fixed to the internal gear of the power input gearbox and the internal gear of the first gearbox. The first gearbox is fixed on the top of the outer shell. The two ends of the third transmission shaft are respectively fixed to the internal gear of the first gearbox and the second half gear. The two ends of the second transmission shaft are respectively fixed to the internal gear of the power input gearbox and the first half gear. The first fixed shaft and the second fixed shaft The gears are fixedly mounted on the top of the outer shell, the first transmission gear is rotatably mounted on the first fixed shaft, the second transmission gear is rotatably mounted on the second fixed shaft, the first transmission gear is respectively meshed with the first half gear and the second transmission gear, the second half gear is meshed with the second transmission gear, the variable diameter opening and closing transmission mechanism comprises a fixed rotating ring, a first fixed rod, a second fixed rod, a third fixed rod, a first slide groove connecting rod, a second slide groove connecting rod, a third slide groove connecting rod, and a fixed block, the second transmission gear is fixedly mounted on the fixed rotating ring, the first fixed rod, the second fixed rod, and the third fixed rod are fixedly mounted on the fixed rotating ring at equal angles in the circumferential direction, and the first fixed rod is inserted in the slide groove of the first slide groove connecting rod, the second fixed rod The cam is inserted in the slide groove of the second slide groove connecting rod, and the third fixed rod is inserted in the slide groove of the third slide groove connecting rod. One end of the first reducing opening and closing connecting rod is eccentrically fixed to the second fixed shaft, the other end of the first reducing opening and closing connecting rod is fixed to one end of the second reducing opening and closing connecting rod, and the other end of the second reducing opening and closing connecting rod is fixed to one end of the third reducing opening and closing connecting rod. At this point, the first reducing opening and closing connecting rod, the second reducing opening and closing connecting rod, and the third reducing opening and closing connecting rod form a fixed rod group with a certain angle, and the other end of the first reducing opening and closing connecting rod is hinged to the end of the first slide groove connecting rod, and the end is the hinge point formed by the fixing of the first reducing opening and closing connecting rod and the second reducing opening and closing connecting rod, and the other end of the second reducing opening and closing connecting rod is connected to the second slide groove The end of the rod is hinged, and the end is a hinge point formed by fixing the second and third connecting rods for variable diameter opening and closing, and the other end of the third connecting rod for variable diameter opening and closing is hinged to the end of the third sliding groove connecting rod, and the end is a hinge point of the other end of the third connecting rod for variable diameter opening and closing, and the variable diameter opening and closing cutting mechanism includes a fixed block, a first layer of fan-shaped blades, a second layer of fan-shaped blades, a third layer of fan-shaped blades, and a fan-shaped blade fixing rod, and the middle parts of the three fixed blocks are fixed to the first sliding groove connecting rod, the second sliding groove connecting rod, and the third sliding groove connecting rod respectively, and the bottom ends of the fixed blocks are fixed to the first layer of fan-shaped blades, and the first layer of fan-shaped blades, the second layer of fan-shaped blades, and the third layer of fan-shaped blades are fixed to the top, middle, and bottom of the fan-shaped blade fixing rod respectively;

[0005] The root cutting mechanism comprises a compression spring, a width gradient shaper, a lead screw nut block, a lead screw, a cross root cutting knife, a ball joint, a joint connecting rod, a rotating shaft, a first limiting sleeve, a crank, a first motor, a first motor battery, and a motor base. Two ends of the compression spring are respectively in contact with and connected to the outer shell and the width gradient shaper, the lead screw nut block is fixedly mounted on the width gradient shaper, the thread on the lead screw is meshed and installed with the spiral groove on the lead screw nut block, one end of the lead screw is fixedly mounted on the cross root cutting knife, the other end of the lead screw is fixedly mounted on the ball head of the ball joint, the center of the ball seat of the ball joint is fixedly mounted on one end of the joint connecting rod, the first limiting sleeve is fixedly mounted concentrically with the rotating shaft and is located in the middle of the first limiting sleeve, the other end of the joint connecting rod is hinged to the rotating shaft, one end of the crank is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, the other end of the crank is fixedly mounted on the output end of the first motor, the first motor battery is fixedly mounted on the motor base, the first motor is connected to the first motor battery through electric wires, and the root cutting mechanism is arranged in two groups on both sides of the width gradient shaper and arranged alternately;

[0006] The deep pressing mechanism includes a wide equidistant shaper, an active rod group, a passive rod group, a stubble rake, a hinge support, a second motor, and a second motor battery. The wide equidistant shaper is fixedly installed with the wide gradient shaper. The active rod group includes a second stubble Y-shaped connecting rod, a third stubble connecting rod, and a fourth stubble connecting rod. The output end of the second motor is fixedly installed with one end of the fourth stubble connecting rod. The two ends of the second stubble Y-shaped connecting rod are respectively hinged with the other end of the fourth stubble connecting rod and one end of the third stubble connecting rod. The other end of the third stubble connecting rod is fixedly installed with the hinge support. The central protruding end of the second stubble Y-shaped connecting rod is fixedly installed with the stubble rake. Thus, an active rod group is formed, and the passive rod group includes a first Y-shaped connecting rod for stubble pressing, a first connecting rod for stubble pressing, and a second connecting rod for stubble pressing. The central protruding end of the first Y-shaped connecting rod for stubble pressing is fixedly mounted on the stubble pressing rake, and the two ends of the first Y-shaped connecting rod for stubble pressing are respectively hinged to one end of the first connecting rod for stubble pressing and one end of the second connecting rod for stubble pressing, and the other end of the first connecting rod for stubble pressing and the other end of the second connecting rod for stubble pressing are both hinged to the hinge support, thus forming a passive rod group, the second motor battery is fixedly mounted on the motor base, and the second motor is connected to the second motor battery through electric wires, thus forming a crop root stubble crushing and deep pressing ridge-building device.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention mainly includes a stubble cutting mechanism, a root cutting mechanism, and a deep pressing mechanism. A variable diameter opening and closing stubble cutting mechanism is designed according to the crop growth angle characteristics, which can adapt to the position of the crop stubble and efficiently break the stubble. The root cutting mechanism uses a screw to drive a cross root cutting knife to realize a rotation and horizontal reciprocating compound motion to complete the root cutting on the side of the ridge. A shaper with a gradually changing width is used to regularize the ridge shape. During this period, the deep pressing mechanism uses rake teeth with equal spacing to deeply press the broken stubble and roots, thereby reducing soil disturbance and completing the deep burial of the root stubble. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0009] Figure 1 Axonometric view of a crop stubble crushing and deep pressing ridge-building device

[0010] Figure 2 This is a partial axonometric view of the cutting mechanism

[0011] Figure 3 This is a partial upward axonometric view of the variable diameter opening and closing transmission mechanism in the cutting mechanism

[0012] Figure 4 This is a partial top view axonometric drawing of the root cutting mechanism and deep pressing mechanism

[0013] Description of part numbers in the figure:

[0014] 1. Outer shell 2. Three-point suspension frame 3. Power input shaft 4. Power input gearbox 5. First transmission shaft 6. First gearbox 7. Second transmission shaft 8. Third transmission shaft 9. First fixed shaft 10. Second fixed shaft 11. First half gear 12. First transmission gear 13. Second transmission gear 14. Second half gear 15. Fixed rotating ring 16. First fixed rod 17. Second fixed rod 18. Third fixed rod 19. First slide connecting rod 20. Second slide connecting rod 21. Third slide connecting rod 22. Fixed block 23. First layer of fan-shaped blade 24. Screw nut block 25. Second layer of fan-shaped blade 26. Fan-shaped blade fixed rod 27. Third layer of fan shaped blade 28, compression spring 29, cross root cutting knife 30, lead screw 31, ball joint 32, joint connecting rod 33, rotating shaft 34, crank 35, first motor 36, first motor battery 37, motor base 38, stubble rake 39, stubble first Y-shaped connecting rod 40, stubble first connecting rod 41, stubble second connecting rod 42, stubble second Y-shaped connecting rod 43, hinge support 44, second motor 45, second motor battery 46, wide equidistant shaper 47, stubble fourth connecting rod 48, second limiting sleeve 49, variable diameter opening and closing first connecting rod 50, variable diameter opening and closing second connecting rod 51, variable diameter opening and closing third connecting rod 52, wide gradient shaper 53, stubble third connecting rod DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. A crop stubble crushing and deep pressing ridge-building device comprises an outer shell 1, a three-point suspension frame 2, a power input gearbox 4, a stubble cutting mechanism, a root cutting mechanism, and a deep pressing mechanism. The front part of the outer shell 1 is provided with a three-point suspension frame 2, the top of the outer shell 1 is provided with a power input gearbox 4, and the outer shell 1 is provided with a stubble cutting mechanism, a root cutting mechanism, and a deep pressing mechanism;

[0016] The stubble cutting mechanism includes a transmission mechanism, a variable diameter opening and closing transmission mechanism, and a variable diameter opening and closing stubble cutting mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes a first transmission shaft 5, a first gearbox 6, a second transmission shaft 7, a third transmission shaft 8, a first fixed shaft 9, a second fixed shaft 10, a first half gear 11, a first transmission gear 12, a second transmission gear 13, and a second half gear 14. The two ends of the first transmission shaft 5 are respectively fixed to the internal gear of the power input gearbox 4 and the internal gear of the first gearbox 6. The first gearbox 6 is fixed on the top of the outer shell 1. The two ends of the third transmission shaft 8 are respectively fixed to the internal gear of the first gearbox 6 and the second half gear 14. The two ends of the second transmission shaft 7 are respectively fixed to the internal gear of the power input gearbox 4 and the first half gear 11. The first fixed shaft 9 and the second The fixed shafts 10 are all fixedly mounted on the top of the outer shell 1, the first transmission gear 12 is rotatably mounted on the first fixed shaft 9, the second transmission gear 13 is rotatably mounted on the second fixed shaft 10, the first transmission gear 12 is respectively meshed with the first half gear 11 and the second transmission gear 13, the second half gear 14 is meshed with the second transmission gear 13, the variable diameter opening and closing transmission mechanism includes a fixed rotating ring 15, a first fixed rod 16, a second fixed rod 17, a third fixed rod 18, a first slide groove connecting rod 19, a second slide groove connecting rod 20, a third slide groove connecting rod 21, and a fixed block 22, the second transmission gear 13 is fixedly mounted on the fixed rotating ring 15, the first fixed rod 16, the second fixed rod 17, and the third fixed rod 18 are fixedly mounted on the fixed rotating ring 15 at equal angles in the circumferential direction, and The first fixed rod 16 is inserted in the slide groove of the first slide groove connecting rod 19, the second fixed rod 17 is inserted in the slide groove of the second slide groove connecting rod 20, and the third fixed rod 18 is inserted in the slide groove of the third slide groove connecting rod 21. One end of the first variable diameter opening and closing connecting rod 49 is eccentrically fixed to the second fixed shaft 10, the other end of the first variable diameter opening and closing connecting rod 49 is fixed to one end of the second variable diameter opening and closing connecting rod 50, and the other end of the second variable diameter opening and closing connecting rod 50 is fixed to one end of the third variable diameter opening and closing connecting rod 51. At this point, the first variable diameter opening and closing connecting rod 49, the second variable diameter opening and closing connecting rod 50, and the third variable diameter opening and closing connecting rod 51 constitute a fixed rod group with a certain angle, and the other end of the first variable diameter opening and closing connecting rod 49 is hinged to the end of the first slide groove connecting rod 19, that is, the first variable diameter opening and closing connecting rod 49 and the variable diameter opening and closing connecting rod 50. The hinge point formed by the fixed installation of the second opening and closing connecting rod 50, the other end of the variable diameter opening and closing second connecting rod 50 is hinged to the end of the second slide groove connecting rod 20, and the end is the hinge point formed by the fixed installation of the variable diameter opening and closing second connecting rod 50 and the variable diameter opening and closing third connecting rod 51, the other end of the variable diameter opening and closing third connecting rod 51 is hinged to the end of the third slide groove connecting rod 21, and the end is the hinge point of the other end of the variable diameter opening and closing third connecting rod 51, the variable diameter opening and closing cutting mechanism includes a fixed block 22, a first layer of fan-shaped blades 23, a second layer of fan-shaped blades 25, a third layer of fan-shaped blades 27, and a fan-shaped blade fixing rod 26, the middle parts of the three fixed blocks 22 are fixed to the first slide groove connecting rod 19, the second slide groove connecting rod 20, and the third slide groove connecting rod 21 respectively, and the bottom ends of the fixed blocks 22 are fixed to the first layer of fan-shaped blades 23.The first layer of fan-shaped blades 23, the second layer of fan-shaped blades 25, and the third layer of fan-shaped blades 27 are fixedly mounted on the top, middle, and bottom of the fan-shaped blade fixing rod 26, respectively;

[0017] The root cutting mechanism includes a compression spring 28, a width gradient shaper 52, a screw nut block 24, a screw 30, a cross root cutting knife 29, a ball joint 31, a joint connecting rod 32, a rotating shaft 33, a first limit sleeve 48, a crank 34, a first motor 35, a first motor battery 36, and a motor base 37. The two ends of the compression spring 28 are respectively in contact with the outer shell 1 and the width gradient shaper 52, the screw nut block 24 is fixedly installed with the width gradient shaper 52, the thread on the screw 30 is meshed with the spiral groove on the screw nut block 24, one end of the screw 30 is fixedly installed with the cross root cutting knife 29, and the screw 30 The other end is fixedly mounted with the ball head of the ball joint 31, the center of the ball seat of the ball joint 31 is fixedly mounted with one end of the joint connecting rod 32, the first limiting sleeve 48 is fixedly mounted concentrically with the rotating shaft 33 and is located in the middle of the first limiting sleeve 48, the other end of the joint connecting rod 32 is hinged to the rotating shaft 33, one end of the crank 34 is fixedly mounted with the rotating shaft 33, the other end of the crank 34 is fixedly mounted with the output end of the first motor 35, the first motor battery 36 is fixedly mounted on the motor base 37, the first motor 35 is connected to the first motor battery 36 through electric wires, and the root cutting mechanism is arranged in two groups on both sides of the width gradient shaper 52 and arranged alternately;

[0018] The deep pressing mechanism includes a wide equidistant shaper 46, an active rod group, a passive rod group, a stubble rake 38, a hinge support 43, a second motor 44, and a second motor battery 45. The wide equidistant shaper 46 is fixedly mounted with the wide gradient shaper 52. The active rod group includes a stubble second Y-shaped connecting rod 42, a stubble third connecting rod 53, and a stubble fourth connecting rod 47. The output end of the second motor 44 is fixedly mounted with one end of the stubble fourth connecting rod 47. The two ends of the stubble second Y-shaped connecting rod 42 are respectively hinged with the other end of the stubble fourth connecting rod 47 and one end of the stubble third connecting rod 53. The other end of the stubble third connecting rod 53 is fixedly mounted with the hinge support 43. The central protruding end of the stubble second Y-shaped connecting rod 42 is hinged with the stubble rake 38. 8 is fixedly installed, thereby forming an active rod group, and the passive rod group includes a first Y-shaped stubble pressing link 39, a first stubble pressing link 40, and a second stubble pressing link 41. The central protruding end of the first Y-shaped stubble pressing link 39 is fixedly installed with the stubble pressing rake 38, and the two ends of the first Y-shaped stubble pressing link 39 are respectively hinged with one end of the first stubble pressing link 40 and one end of the second stubble pressing link 41, and the other end of the first stubble pressing link 40 and the other end of the second stubble pressing link 41 are hinged with the hinge support 43, thereby forming a passive rod group, the second motor battery 45 is fixedly installed on the motor base 37, and the second motor 44 is connected to the second motor battery 45 through electric wires, thereby forming a crop root stubble crushing deep pressing ridge-building device.

[0019] During operation, the tractor drives the implement forward through the three-point suspension frame 2, the power is input through the power input shaft 3, and the first transmission shaft 5 is driven to rotate through the power input gearbox 4, the first transmission shaft 5 rotates to drive the internal gear of the first gearbox 6 to rotate, the internal gear of the first gearbox 6 rotates to drive the third transmission shaft 8 to rotate, the third transmission shaft 8 rotates to drive the second half gear 14 to rotate, the second half gear 14 rotates to drive the second transmission gear 13 to rotate, the second transmission gear 13 rotates to drive the first transmission gear 12 to rotate, the internal gear of the power input gearbox 4 rotates to drive the second transmission shaft 7 to rotate, the second transmission shaft 7 rotates to drive the third transmission shaft 8 ... half gear 14 rotates to drive the second transmission gear 13 to rotate, the second half gear 14 rotates to drive the second transmission gear 13 to rotate, the second half gear 14 rotates to drive the second transmission shaft 7 to rotate, the second transmission shaft 7 rotates to drive the third transmission shaft 8 to rotate, the second half gear 14 rotates to drive the second transmission gear 13 to rotate, the second half gear 14 rotates to drive the second transmission gear 13 to rotate, the second half gear 14 rotates to drive the second transmission shaft 7 to rotate, the second transmission shaft 7 rotates to drive the third transmission shaft 8 to rotate, the second half gear 14 rotates to drive the second transmission gear 13 to rotate, the second half gear 14 rotates to drive the second transmission gear 13 The first half gear 11 rotates, and the first half gear 11 rotates to drive the first transmission gear 12 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby realizing the alternating forward and reverse motion of the first transmission gear 12, and the forward and reverse rotation of the first transmission gear 12 drives the fixed rotating ring 15 to rotate forward and reversely, and the fixed rotating ring 15 drives the first slide groove connecting rod 19, the second slide groove connecting rod 20, and the third slide groove connecting rod 21 to rotate around their ends through the first fixed rod 16, the second fixed rod 17, and the third fixed rod 18 respectively. The end is a hinge point formed by the fixed rod group composed of the variable diameter opening and closing first connecting rod 49, the variable diameter opening and closing second connecting rod 50, and the variable diameter opening and closing third connecting rod 51, thereby driving The first layer of fan-shaped blades 23, the second layer of fan-shaped blades 25, and the third layer of fan-shaped blades 27 are driven to realize the diameter-changing opening and closing movement, so that the fan-shaped blades on the same layer cooperate with each other to cut stubble; the first motor battery 36 supplies power to the first motor 35, and the first motor 35 drives the crank 34 and the rotating rod 33 to rotate in turn, so that the rotating rod 33 rotates around the output end axis of the first motor 35, and the rotating rod 33 controls the lead screw 30 to perform horizontal reciprocating motion through the ball joint 31. During this period, due to the meshing of the lead screw 30 with the lead screw nut block 24, a rotation and horizontal reciprocating compound motion can be realized, thereby realizing the rotation and horizontal reciprocating compound motion of the cross root cutting knife 29; The second motor battery 45 supplies power to the second motor 44, which drives the fourth stubble pressing link 47 to rotate, and then drives the second stubble pressing Y-shaped link 42 to rotate, thereby driving the third stubble pressing link 53 to swing, and the active rod group composed of the second stubble pressing Y-shaped link 42, the third stubble pressing link 53, and the fourth stubble pressing link 47 drives the passive rod group composed of the first stubble pressing Y-shaped link 39, the first stubble pressing link 40, and the second stubble pressing link 41 to achieve the same movement through the stubble pressing rake 38, thereby comprehensively realizing the stubble pressing rake 38 to complete the cyclic movement of pressing down, pulling out, and extending, thereby realizing the multi-stage deep pressing of the broken stubble and roots, and increasing the depth of returning to the field.

[0020] It should be noted that, in this article, terms such as "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0021] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A crop stubble crushing and deep pressing ridge-building device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an outer shell (1), a three-point suspension frame (2), a power input gearbox (4), a stubble cutting mechanism, a root cutting mechanism and a deep pressing mechanism. The front part of the outer shell (1) is provided with a three-point suspension frame (2), the top of the outer shell (1) is provided with a power input gearbox (4), and the outer shell (1) is provided with a stubble cutting mechanism, a root cutting mechanism and a deep pressing mechanism.

2. The crop stubble crushing and deep pressing ridge-building device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stubble cutting mechanism comprises a transmission mechanism, a diameter-changing opening and closing transmission mechanism, and a diameter-changing opening and closing stubble cutting mechanism. The transmission mechanism comprises a first transmission shaft (5), a first gearbox (6), a second transmission shaft (7), a third transmission shaft (8), a first fixed shaft (9), a second fixed shaft (10), a first half gear (11), a first transmission gear (12), a second transmission gear (13), and a second half gear (14). The two ends of the first transmission shaft (5) are respectively fixed to the internal gear of the power input gearbox (4) and the internal gear of the first gearbox (6). The first gearbox (6) is fixed to the top of the outer shell (1). The two ends of the third transmission shaft (8) are respectively fixed to the internal gear of the first gearbox (6) and the second half gear (14). The two ends of the second transmission shaft (7) are respectively fixed to the internal gear of the first gearbox (6) and the second half gear (14). The first and second fixed shafts (9) and (10) are fixed to the top of the outer shell (1); the first transmission gear (12) is rotatably mounted on the first fixed shaft (9); the second transmission gear (13) is rotatably mounted on the second fixed shaft (10); the first transmission gear (12) is meshed with the first and second transmission gears (11) and (13); the second and second half gears (14) are meshed with the second transmission gear (13); the variable diameter opening and closing transmission mechanism comprises a fixed rotating ring (15), a first fixed rod (16), a second fixed rod (17), a third fixed rod (18), a first slide groove connecting rod (19), and a second slide groove connecting rod (20). , a third slide groove connecting rod (21), a fixing block (22), a second transmission gear (13) and a fixing rotating ring (15) are fixedly mounted, a first fixing rod (16), a second fixing rod (17) and a third fixing rod (18) are fixedly mounted on the fixing rotating ring (15) at equal angles in the circumferential direction, and the first fixing rod (16) is inserted into the slide groove of the first slide groove connecting rod (19), the second fixing rod (17) is inserted into the slide groove of the second slide groove connecting rod (20), and the third fixing rod (18) is inserted into the slide groove of the third slide groove connecting rod (21), one end of the first reducing opening and closing connecting rod (49) is eccentrically fixedly mounted to the second fixing shaft (10), the other end of the first reducing opening and closing connecting rod (49) is fixedly mounted to one end of the second reducing opening and closing connecting rod (50), and the second reducing opening and closing connecting rod (50) is fixedly mounted to the first reducing opening and closing connecting rod (50) ) is fixedly mounted on one end of the third variable diameter opening and closing link (51), so that the first variable diameter opening and closing link (49), the second variable diameter opening and closing link (50), and the third variable diameter opening and closing link (51) constitute a fixed rod group with a certain angle, the other end of the first variable diameter opening and closing link (49) is hinged to the end of the first slide groove link (19), and the end is a hinge point formed by the first variable diameter opening and closing link (49) and the second variable diameter opening and closing link (50), the other end of the second variable diameter opening and closing link (50) is hinged to the end of the second slide groove link (20), and the end is a hinge point formed by the second variable diameter opening and closing link (50) and the third variable diameter opening and closing link (51), and the other end of the third variable diameter opening and closing link (51) is hinged to the end of the third slide groove link (21),The end is the hinge point of the other end of the variable diameter opening and closing third connecting rod (51), and the variable diameter opening and closing cutting mechanism comprises a fixing block (22), a first layer of fan-shaped blades (23), a second layer of fan-shaped blades (25), a third layer of fan-shaped blades (27), and a fan-shaped blade fixing rod (26). The middle parts of the three fixing blocks (22) are respectively fixed to the first slide groove connecting rod (19), the second slide groove connecting rod (20), and the third slide groove connecting rod (21). The bottom ends of the fixing blocks (22) are all fixed to the first layer of fan-shaped blades (23). The first layer of fan-shaped blades (23), the second layer of fan-shaped blades (25), and the third layer of fan-shaped blades (27) are respectively fixed to the top, middle, and bottom of the fan-shaped blade fixing rod (26).

3. The crop stubble crushing and deep pressing ridge-building device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The root cutting mechanism comprises a compression spring (28), a width gradient shaper (52), a screw nut block (24), a screw (30), a cross root cutting knife (29), a ball joint (31), a joint connecting rod (32), a rotating shaft (33), a first limiting sleeve (48), a crank (34), a first motor (35), a first motor battery (36), and a motor base (37). The two ends of the compression spring (28) are respectively in contact with the outer shell (1) and the width gradient shaper (52). The screw nut block (24) is fixedly mounted on the width gradient shaper (52). The thread on the screw (30) is meshed with the spiral groove on the screw nut block (24). One end of the screw (30) is fixedly mounted on the cross root cutting knife (29). The other end of the lead screw (30) is fixedly mounted on the ball head of the ball joint (31), the center of the ball seat of the ball joint (31) is fixedly mounted on one end of the joint connecting rod (32), the first limiting sleeve (48) is fixedly mounted concentrically with the rotating shaft (33) and is located in the middle of the first limiting sleeve (48), the other end of the joint connecting rod (32) is hinged to the rotating shaft (33), one end of the crank (34) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (33), the other end of the crank (34) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the first motor (35), the first motor battery (36) is fixedly mounted on the motor base (37), the first motor (35) is connected to the first motor battery (36) through an electric wire, and the root cutting mechanism is arranged in two groups on both sides of the width gradient shaper (52) and is arranged alternately.

4. The crop stubble crushing and deep pressing ridge-building device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deep pressing mechanism comprises a wide equidistant shaper (46), an active rod group, a passive rod group, a stubble rake (38), a hinge support (43), a second motor (44), and a second motor battery (45); the wide equidistant shaper (46) is fixedly mounted on the wide gradient shaper (52); the active rod group comprises a stubble second Y-shaped connecting rod (42), a stubble third connecting rod (53), and a stubble fourth connecting rod (47); the output end of the second motor (44) is fixedly mounted on one end of the stubble fourth connecting rod (47); the two ends of the stubble second Y-shaped connecting rod (42) are respectively hinged to the other end of the stubble fourth connecting rod (47) and one end of the stubble third connecting rod (53); the other end of the stubble third connecting rod (53) is fixedly mounted on the hinge support (43); the central protruding end of the stubble second Y-shaped connecting rod (42) is hinged to the stubble The rake (38) is fixedly mounted, thereby forming an active rod group. The passive rod group comprises a first stubble pressing Y-shaped connecting rod (39), a first stubble pressing connecting rod (40), and a second stubble pressing connecting rod (41). The central protruding end of the first stubble pressing Y-shaped connecting rod (39) is fixedly mounted to the stubble pressing rake (38). The two ends of the first stubble pressing Y-shaped connecting rod (39) are respectively hinged to one end of the first stubble pressing connecting rod (40) and one end of the second stubble pressing connecting rod (41). The other end of the first stubble pressing connecting rod (40) and the other end of the second stubble pressing connecting rod (41) are both hinged to a hinge support (43). Thus, a passive rod group is formed. The second motor battery (45) is fixedly mounted on the motor base (37). The second motor (44) is connected to the second motor battery (45) through an electric wire. Thus, a crop root stubble crushing deep pressing ridge-building device is formed.

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