Small disc type refined seeding machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a small disc type fine seeder which comprises a rack, moving wheels are arranged below the rack, a liftable grooving mechanism is arranged in front of the rack and used for ditching on the surface of soil during seeding, and the grooving mechanism comprises a front grooving cutter assembly and a rear coulter assembly; a seed box and a seed-metering device connected with the seed box are arranged at the middle rear part of the rack, the seed-metering device is used for uniformly conveying seeds to the seeder, and the seeder is arranged below the seed-metering device and is used for bearing the seeds and scattering the seeds in the furrows on the surface of the soil during seeding; a movable burying mechanism is further arranged behind the rack and used for burying seeds and gathering soil at the furrow opening position. The seeding machine can realize precise management of seeding, fully considers the stability, durability and operability of the seeding machine, and ensures that the seeding machine can perform seeding smoothly under different terrains and operation conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seed drills, and in particular to a small disc type fine seed drill. Background Art

[0002] In traditional agriculture, sowing is one of the most important links in the agricultural production process. However, the traditional manual sowing method has a series of problems, such as slow sowing speed, inconsistent sowing depth, uneven sowing spacing, etc. These problems seriously restrict the growth and yield of crops.

[0003] The seeder is a key agricultural machinery. The working environment and seed type of the machine directly affect the efficiency and operation quality of the seeder. The working environment of the seeder should be in the farmland or planting area, which is usually flat cultivated land or field plots. When using it, it is necessary to ensure that the machine can travel and operate smoothly. Existing seeders do not fully consider the terrain, soil type and surrounding environment, and sometimes cannot adapt to different site conditions.

[0004] In addition, the type of seeds to be sown needs to take into account factors such as crop type, seed size and shape, as well as seed density and uniformity. If the seeds are too dense or too sparse, it will affect crop growth and yield. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the invention is to provide a small disc type fine seeder to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A small disc type fine seeder comprises a frame, wherein movable wheels are arranged below the frame, and a raisable slotting mechanism is arranged in front of the frame for making furrows on the soil surface during sowing, wherein the slotting mechanism comprises a slotting knife assembly arranged in the front and a plowing knife assembly arranged in the rear; a seed box and a seeding device connected to the seed box are arranged in the middle and rear part of the frame, wherein the seeding device is used for uniformly conveying seeds to the seeder, wherein the seeder is arranged below the seeding device for carrying seeds and scattering the seeds in the furrows on the soil surface during sowing; a movable burying mechanism is also arranged at the rear of the frame for burying seeds and gathering soil at the furrows.

[0007] This small disc-type precision seeder has been improved in terms of overall structural layout, grooving mechanism and burying mechanism, so that it can carry out a series of tasks such as tillage, grooving, sowing and burying, and cooperate with each other to achieve precise management of sowing. It also fully considers the stability, durability and operability of the seeder to ensure that the seeder can sow smoothly in different terrains and working conditions.

[0008] The slotting mechanism can be raised and lowered relative to the frame, and can synchronously control the raising and lowering of the slotting knife assembly and the plowing knife assembly, so that the slotting knife assembly and the plowing knife assembly can be switched between high and low positions in the working and waiting states, thereby not affecting the forward movement of the vehicle and improving the vehicle's passability. At the same time, through the control of the lifting and lowering, the slotting knife assembly and the plowing knife assembly can also adjust the distance between the ground (ditch bottom) soil, so that grooves of different depths and sizes can be opened according to needs, so as to control the sowing depth.

[0009] Furthermore, the frame is an aluminum alloy frame structure, and there are four moving wheels, each of which is driven by a DC reduction motor.

[0010] Furthermore, a lifting platform connected to the grooving mechanism is provided in the middle front of the frame, the grooving knife assembly is connected and installed in the front of the lifting platform, and the plow assembly is connected and installed in the rear of the lifting platform; a plurality of guide rods are arranged vertically through the lifting platform, and the two ends of the guide rods are respectively connected to the frame, and a screw rod is also connected to the lifting platform through the vertically extending screw rod, and a screw rod sleeve connected to the lifting platform is provided on the outer periphery of the screw rod, and a stepper motor is connected to the end of the screw rod, and the stepper motor is installed on the frame through a motor connecting plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the screw rod is a pair symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and the guide rods are two groups symmetrically arranged on the left and right, with two rods in each group, which are respectively arranged in the front and rear directions of the screw rod, and removable T-shaped connecting blocks are respectively provided at both ends of the guide rod, and the T-shaped connecting blocks are connected to the frame.

[0012] Furthermore, the slotting knife assembly includes a horizontal connecting rod, on which a plurality of slotting knives are arranged at intervals; the slotting knife includes a triangular top plate connected to the horizontal connecting rod, the tip of the triangular top plate faces forward, and both sides of the triangular top plate are provided with slotting plates extending downward, a pair of the slotting plates are connected together at the front end, and a pair of the slotting plates are also provided at the rear end with a material guide plate bent to both sides, and a tip is also provided at the bottom of the slotting plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the plow assembly includes a connecting frame, a plurality of vertical rotating discs are arranged at intervals below the connecting frame, a plurality of plows are arranged circumferentially on the rotating discs, a spacing is provided between the blades of the plows, the rotating discs are of a hollow structure, and a soil unloading plate is also provided at the rear of the connecting frame.

[0014] Furthermore, the seed box is one or multiple seed boxes arranged side by side, a rotating shaft is provided in the seed box, at least one pair of rotating frames are provided on the rotating shaft, multiple cross bars are provided between the pair of rotating frames, and a groove is provided at the bottom of the seed box. When the cross bar rotates, the seeds are rotated into the groove, and the groove is connected to the seed metering device.

[0015] Furthermore, the seeding device has multiple seeding channels, and includes a cover shell connected to the bottom of the seed box, and a rotatable seeding wheel arranged in the cover shell, a plurality of seeding grooves are arranged on the outer periphery of the seeding wheel, and a seeding port is arranged below the cover shell.

[0016] Furthermore, the burying mechanism comprises a burying plate, which is rotatably connected to the frame, and a plurality of burying wheels are arranged in an array on one side of the burying plate facing the ground, and the burying wheels are distributed in different directions.

[0017] Furthermore, a steering gear is provided at the rear of the frame, and the output end of the steering gear is connected to one side edge of the burying plate through a U-shaped connecting plate; the burying wheels are connected to the burying plate through a wheel frame, and the burying wheels are 6 to 12 in number and arranged in multiple directions, and the axial directions of the multiple burying wheels are arranged obliquely relative to the traveling direction of the frame.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The small disc type fine seeder can carry out a series of work such as tilling land, grooving, sowing and burying by improving the overall structural layout, grooving mechanism and burying mechanism, and cooperate with each other to realize the precise management of sowing, and fully consider the stability, durability and operability of the seeder to ensure that the seeder can smoothly sow in different terrains and working conditions; 2. The grooving mechanism can be lifted and lowered relative to the frame, and can synchronously control the lifting and lowering of the groove knife assembly and the plow knife assembly, so that the high and low positions can be switched between the working state and the waiting state, thereby not affecting the forward process of the vehicle and improving the passability of the vehicle; at the same time, through the control of lifting and lowering, the groove knife assembly and the plow knife assembly can also be adjusted to the ground (ditch bottom) soil The spacing between the two can be adjusted according to the needs, so that grooves of different depths and sizes can be opened to control the sowing depth; 3. The seed box can store seeds, and the seed meter can be used to evenly discharge the seeds on the seeder. The seeder is used to sow the seeds on the plowed and grooved soil surface, and the seeds can be accurately sown in the grooves to ensure the effectiveness and refinement of sowing; 4. The burying mechanism has the function of gathering soil to protect seeds. Through the squeezing of multiple burying wheels in different directions, the seeds are buried with soil, thereby providing a good growth environment for the seeds; 5. The seeder has made significant progress in reducing soil damage, improving flexibility, enhancing passability and improving sowing efficiency. By adopting a wheel-type seeder wheel, the destructiveness to the soil is successfully reduced, making the sowing process more gentle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a small disc type fine seeder of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front structural schematic diagram of a small disc type fine seeding machine of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of a small disc type fine seeding machine of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the lifting platform and its connection and installation structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a front structural schematic diagram of the slotting cutter assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a bottom view structural schematic diagram of the slotting cutter assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the plow blade assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a seed box and a seeder of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the seed box of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the burying mechanism of the present invention; Fig.11 It is an inverted schematic diagram of the burying mechanism of the present invention; In the figure: 1. frame; 2. moving wheel; 3. lifting platform; 4. slotting knife assembly; 401. horizontal connecting rod; 402. slotting knife; 4021. triangular top plate; 4022. slotting plate; 4023. guide plate; 5. plowshare assembly; 501. connecting frame; 502. rotating disc; 503. plowshare; 6. seed box; 7. seeder; 701. cover; 702. seeding wheel; 8. burying mechanism; 801. burying plate; 802. burying wheel; 803. wheel frame; 9. servo; 10. U-shaped connecting plate; 11. screw; 12. stepping motor; 13. motor connecting plate; 14. screw sleeve; 15. guide rod; 16. rotating shaft; 17. rotating frame; 18. cross bar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "middle", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] like Figure 1 to Figure 3 As shown, a small disc type fine seeder comprises a frame 1, a movable wheel 2 is arranged below the frame 1, a liftable slotting mechanism is arranged in front of the frame 1, and is used for making furrows on the soil surface during sowing, and the slotting mechanism comprises a slotting knife assembly 4 arranged in the front, and a plow assembly 5 arranged in the rear; a seed box 6 and a seed meter connected to the seed box 6 are arranged in the middle and rear part of the frame 1, and the seed meter is used for uniformly conveying seeds to a seeder 7, and the seeder 7 is arranged below the seed meter, and is used for carrying seeds and sowing the seeds in the furrows on the soil surface during sowing; a movable burying mechanism 8 is also arranged at the rear of the frame, and is used for burying seeds and gathering soil at the furrows.

[0023] This small disc-type precision seeder has been improved in terms of overall structural layout, grooving mechanism and burying mechanism, so that it can carry out a series of tasks such as tillage, grooving, sowing and burying, and cooperate with each other to achieve precise management of sowing. It also fully considers the stability, durability and operability of the seeder to ensure that the seeder can sow smoothly in different terrains and working conditions.

[0024] The slotting mechanism can be lifted relative to the frame, and can synchronously control the lifting of the slotting knife assembly 4 and the plowing knife assembly 5, so that the slotting knife assembly 4 and the plowing knife assembly 5 can be switched between high and low positions in the working and waiting states, thereby not affecting the forward process of the vehicle and improving the vehicle's passability. At the same time, through the lifting control, the slotting knife assembly 4 and the plowing knife assembly 5 can also adjust the distance between the ground (ditch bottom) soil, so that grooves of different depths and sizes can be opened according to needs, so as to control the sowing depth.

[0025] The seed box 6 can store seeds, and the seed meter can be used to evenly distribute the seeds on the seeder 7. The seeder 7 can be used to sow the seeds on the plowed and grooved soil surface. The seeds can be accurately sown in the grooves, ensuring the effectiveness and refinement of sowing.

[0026] The burying mechanism 8 gathers soil to protect the seeds. Since the work of sowing is relatively complicated, considering the growth of seeds, the sowing machine will use the slotting mechanism to transport the soil to the side of the slotted slots when designing. After the seeds fall into the slotted slots, the slotted slots are squeezed in different directions by the burying mechanism 8 through multiple burying wheels to bury the seeds with soil, thereby providing a good growth environment for the seeds.

[0027] Furthermore, the frame 1 is an aluminum alloy frame structure, including a bottom longitudinal beam, a bottom cross beam and a plurality of columns, an upper longitudinal beam is arranged on the plurality of columns, and a plurality of upper cross beams are arranged between a pair of upper longitudinal beams. There are four moving wheels 2, each driven by a 370 DC reduction motor.

[0028] Further, combined with Figure 3 As shown, a lifting platform 3 connected to the grooving mechanism is provided in the middle front of the frame 1, the groove knife assembly 4 is connected and installed in the front of the lifting platform 3, and the plow assembly 5 is connected and installed in the rear of the lifting platform 3; a plurality of guide rods 15 are arranged vertically through the lifting platform 3, and the two ends of the guide rods 15 are respectively connected to the frame 1, and a screw rod 11 is also connected to the lifting platform 3 and penetrates vertically, and the outer periphery of the screw rod 11 is provided with a screw rod sleeve 14 connected to the lifting platform 3, and the end of the screw rod 11 is connected to a stepping motor 12, and the stepping motor 12 is installed on the frame 1 through a motor connecting plate 13.

[0029] The lifting platform 3 is arranged in the frame of the frame 1, and is connected to the frame 1 through the guide rod 15 and the screw rod 11, and performs lifting and lowering actions under the drive of the screw rod 11; the stepping motor 12 drives the screw rod 11 to rotate, thereby driving the screw rod sleeve 14 to slide up and down along the screw rod, and then driving the lifting platform 3 to move, and the guide rod 15 plays a guiding role; adopting this driving method is simple and has sufficient driving force, so that the lifting platform controls the grooving mechanism in different situations of the seeding vehicle, namely working and waiting for work, and can open grooves of different depths without hindering the vehicle from moving forward on the sand.

[0030] Furthermore, the screw rod 11 is a pair symmetrically arranged on the left and right, which can provide power smoothly; the guide rods 15 are two groups symmetrically arranged on the left and right, each group has two rods, which are respectively arranged in the front and rear directions of the screw rod. Such an arrangement makes the guidance precise and stable; removable T-shaped connecting blocks are respectively provided at both ends of the guide rod, and the T-shaped connecting blocks are connected to the frame, which is convenient for installation and connection.

[0031] Further, combined with Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the slotting knife assembly 4 includes a horizontal connecting rod 401 connected to the lifting platform 3, and a plurality of slotting knives 402 are arranged at intervals on the horizontal connecting rod 401; the slotting knife 402 includes a triangular top plate 4021 connected to the horizontal connecting rod 401, the tip of the triangular top plate 4021 faces forward, and both sides of the triangular top plate 4021 are provided with slotting plates 4022 extending downward, a pair of the slotting plates 4022 have front ends connected together, and a pair of the slotting plates 4022 have rear ends further provided with guide plates 4023 bent to both sides, and the slotting plates 4022 are also provided with tips at the bottom.

[0032] By setting the horizontal connecting rod 401, multiple slotting knives 402 can be connected at the same time. Multiple slotting knives 402 can cut out multiple neat groove walls along the vertical direction, and also turn over and move the soil to both sides.

[0033] The triangular top plate 4021 with the tip facing forward cooperates with a pair of slotted plates 4022 arranged along a pair of oblique sides of the triangular top plate to form a wedge-shaped slotted structure with a small front and a large back, a small bottom and a large top, which can well split and cut the soil and allow the soil to move upward and to the sides, thereby opening a preset groove. In addition, the slotting knife of this design has a high structural strength, good stability, and is simple and convenient to manufacture. The guide plates on both sides are conducive to the movement of the opened soil to the sides, playing a role in guiding the flow of the soil.

[0034] The triangular top plate 4021 is an isosceles triangle, so that the entire slotting knife 402 has a symmetrical structure, and the slotted grooves are more beautiful and standardized; the guide plate 4023 is slightly bent to both sides to form an obtuse angle transition structure with the slotting plate.

[0035] Further, combined with Figure 7 As shown, the plow assembly 5 includes a connecting frame 501, and a plurality of vertical rotating discs 502 are arranged at intervals below the connecting frame 501. A plurality of plows 503 are arranged circumferentially on the rotating disc 502. There is a spacing between the blades of the plows 503. The rotating disc 502 is a hollow structure, and a soil unloading plate is also provided at the lower rear of the connecting frame 501.

[0036] Specifically, the plow 503 is composed of a blade on the basis of a circle, with the center of the circle as the base point, and a 360° array. The width of the blade and the distance from the blade to the edge of the circle are the width and depth of the groove. In order to achieve the effective working state of the plow turning the soil, the distance between the blades and the rotating disc used as the center of the array are hollowed out, and the opening direction of each blade corresponding to the other side of the circle through the array is opposite. When grooving, the plow 503 rotates 360° under the drive of the motor, so that the wet sand on a blade shovel falls from the hollowed-out place onto the soil unloading plate designed behind. The thickness of the blade of the plow 503 is thinner than that of the plow body and has a triangular tip. This design is to increase the pressure by reducing the contact area between the blade and the ground, and increase the excavation force under the working state driven by the motor. Compared with other types of plows, the use of this excavation-type plow has higher grooving efficiency and is more stable. Through cooperation with the soil pressure wheel, the sowing effect is further improved.

[0037] Further, combined with Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the seed box 6 is one or multiple ones are arranged side by side, a rotating shaft 16 is provided inside the seed box 6, at least one pair of rotating frames 17 are provided on the rotating shaft 16, multiple cross bars 18 are provided between the pair of rotating frames 17, a groove is provided at the bottom of the seed box 6, and the seeds are rotated into the groove when the cross bar 18 rotates, and the groove is connected to the seed metering device, and then fall into the opened groove through the rotation of the seeding wheel.

[0038] The side wall of the seed box 6 is provided with a driving motor connected to the rotating shaft. In this embodiment, the seed boxes 6 are two arranged side by side, and the driving motor is connected between the two via a coupling and a transmission member. A set of driving motors simultaneously drives a pair of rotating shafts on both sides to rotate.

[0039] Furthermore, the seeding device has multiple seeding channels, and the seeder 7 includes a cover 701 connected to the bottom of the seed box 6, and a rotatable seeding wheel 702 arranged in the cover 701. The outer periphery of the seeding wheel 702 is provided with a plurality of seeding grooves to accommodate seeds, and a seeding port is provided below the cover 701 for sowing.

[0040] The seeding wheel 702 is also driven by a motor, and the motor speed should be moderate, neither too high nor too low; too high a speed will lead to uneven sowing, while too low a speed will affect the sowing speed; the motor can control the angle and speed of movement for accurate sowing. In this embodiment, the drive motor of the seeding wheel is connected and synchronized with the drive motor of the seed box through a synchronous belt, which can realize the simultaneous movement of multiple moving parts, which not only saves the number of motor arrangements, but also facilitates synchronous seeding and sowing.

[0041] Further, combined with Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the burying mechanism 8 includes a burying plate 801, which is rotatably connected to the frame 1. A plurality of burying wheels 802 are arranged in an array on one side of the burying plate 801 facing the ground, and the burying wheels 802 are distributed in different directions.

[0042] Furthermore, a steering gear 9 is provided at the rear of the frame 1, and the output end of the steering gear 9 is connected to one side edge of the buried plate 801 through a U-shaped connecting plate 10; the buried wheel 802 is connected to the buried plate 801 through a wheel frame 803, and the buried wheels 802 are 6 to 12 in a multi-directional arrangement, and the axial directions of the multiple buried wheels 802 are arranged obliquely relative to the travel direction of the frame 1.

[0043] In this embodiment, the burying mechanism 8 is composed of eight burying wheels rotating in different directions. The two rows of wheels squeeze in different directions to bury the opened grooves with soil, providing a good growth environment for the seeds. The burying wheels arranged in multiple directions can effectively bring the soil above the grooves into the grooves and roll and bury them, with a wide coverage area and good burying effectiveness.

[0044] The steering gear 9 drives the burying plate 801 located at the rear of the vehicle. Compared with other types of motors, the steering gear has a stronger load capacity and can withstand greater external resistance. In addition, the steering gear has a simple structure, high reliability, convenient maintenance, and a long service life. The arrangement of the steering gear and the U-shaped connecting plate enables the burying plate to perform pitching movements. When burying is not required, the entire burying mechanism can be lifted without affecting the movement and other work of the seeding vehicle. When burying is required, the burying mechanism can be lowered to allow the burying wheel to contact the soil. Moreover, this control can flexibly adjust the angle of the burying plate and the distance from the ground, which is conducive to the burying wheel to better play the role of burying the soil.

[0045] The present invention also provides a design method for the small disc type fine seeding machine. First, the overall structural design of the seeding machine is determined, including the working principle, structural composition and power transmission mode, etc.; then, SolidWorks is used to design and model each component, and the key components (lifting, grooving mechanism, seeding mechanism and burying mechanism, etc.) are selected and designed and calculated; finite element simulation is performed on the key components; finally, the prototype is trial-produced and tested to verify the rationality and reliability of the seeding machine developed in this article.

[0046] This design adopts miniaturization and modularization, mainly including main control module, sensor module and actuator module. The main control module uses STM32F103 microcontroller, which has rich peripherals and functions, including multiple general timers, serial communication interfaces (USART, SPI, I2C), analog-to-digital converter (ADC), general input and output (GPIO), PWM output, timer counter, etc.

[0047] The actuator module is actually the motor drive required by each mechanism of the vehicle. Since each mechanism has different working functions, the motors used by different mechanisms are also different. For example, the vehicle uses three types of motors, namely, DC reduction motor (the motor of the moving wheel), 42 stepper motor (the stepper motor of the lifting platform, and the drive motors of the plow blade, the rotating shaft and the seeding wheel) and 995 servo.

[0048] 1. Calculation and analysis of the traction force of the entire seeder The vehicle's passability includes geometric passability and traction passability. On a typical dirt surface, the main factor that determines the vehicle's passability is traction passability, that is, the vehicle's ability to pass through a roadless area at a sufficiently high average speed under a certain load. Therefore, we need to consider the traction of the seeding vehicle in a dirt environment. The seeding vehicle in different working conditions will produce different resistances. Since the suspension is a rigid connection, the traction is the sum of various resistances. According to the working environment and working method of the seeding vehicle, the resistances that need to be considered include wind resistance, rolling resistance, slope resistance, and grass pressing resistance.

[0049] The formula for traction is: , in: is the magnitude of the total traction force, in N; is the magnitude of rolling resistance, in N; is the magnitude of the ramp resistance, in N; is the magnitude of the grass pressing resistance, in N; is the magnitude of wind resistance, in N; (1) Calculation of rolling resistance , Where: f is the rolling resistance coefficient of the wheeled seeding vehicle (taken as 0.2), G is the additional load gravity of the wheeled seeding vehicle, in N (after measurement, the vehicle weight is 50 kg), The result is: .

[0050] (2) Calculation of ramp resistance The slope of the working environment in the desert should be less than 15°, and the calculation formula for the slope resistance is: , in, It is the slope, which can be taken is 15°, G is the gravity of the seeding vehicle, and G is selected as 50KG.

[0051] (3) Calculation of grass pressing resistance When the seeding vehicle is in working state, the wheels at the bottom of the burying mechanism roll in the soil, and the burying mechanism bears about 70% of the total weight of the seeding vehicle. Here, the parameter 70% is selected.

[0052] The calculation formula is: .

[0053] (4) Calculation of wind resistance Since the wheeled seeding vehicle is a type of agricultural machinery and moves slowly, the wind resistance can be ignored here, that is, is 0. According to the calculation of the above resistances: .

[0054] 2. Analysis of the operation of the vehicle wheels: each wheel is driven by a 370 DC reduction motor.

[0055] Calculate the power of a 370 DC reduction motor. The formula for motor power is: , The 370 DC reduction motor runs better at low speed. The general working state is 300 to 600 revolutions per minute, so the average speed n is 450r / min.

[0056] It is known that the holding torque of the 370 DC reduction motor used is 0.53N·m, and the upper shaft of the motor is 18 mm; The motor torque is obtained as: , , From the above calculation of traction force, we can get: , The circular force formula is: , By calculation, the torque T is:

[0057] The total power of the motor is calculated by knowing the torque:

[0058] Substituting the values ​​of T and n, we can obtain P as follows: , at this time, P is the total power of the four wheels; There are 4 wheels on the seeding vehicle, that is, there are 4 motors, so the power of the motor of each wheel is 1 / 4 of it, that is, 0.02285W, which is less than 0.4496W.

[0059] Therefore, this conclusion proves that four 370 DC reduction motors are sufficient to drive four wheels, and the design of this seeding vehicle is reasonable during its movement.

[0060] This seeder has made significant progress in reducing soil damage, improving flexibility, enhancing passability and improving sowing efficiency. By adopting a wheel-type design of the seeder wheel, the damage to the soil is successfully reduced, making the sowing process more gentle. The application of lifting control not only ensures that the deep plowing and grooving structure descends when working and rises when idle, but also further improves the vehicle's passability and adaptability. Compared with other types of coulters, the excavation-type coulter used in the grooving mechanism has higher grooving efficiency and is more stable. Through cooperation with the soil pressing wheel, the sowing effect is further improved. In addition, the sowing wheel design in the sowing mechanism is simple and easy to make, and the seeding density can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the speed, making the sowing process more accurate and efficient. In summary, the design innovation of the seeder has performed well in improving sowing efficiency, protecting the soil, enhancing flexibility and adaptability, and has high practical value and promotion prospects.

[0061] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A small disc type fine seeding machine, comprising a frame, a movable wheel is arranged under the frame, characterized in that: A liftable grooving mechanism is provided in front of the frame for making furrows on the soil surface during sowing, and the grooving mechanism includes a groove knife assembly arranged in the front and a plow assembly arranged in the rear; a seed box and a seed meter connected to the seed box are provided in the middle and rear part of the frame, and the seed meter is used to evenly transport seeds to the seeder, and the seeder is arranged below the seed meter for carrying seeds and scattering the seeds in the furrows on the soil surface during sowing; a movable burying mechanism is also provided at the rear of the frame for burying seeds and gathering soil at the furrows.

2. The small disc type fine seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is an aluminum alloy frame structure, and the number of movable wheels is four, each of which is driven by a DC reduction motor.

3. The small disc type fine seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting platform connected to the slotting mechanism is provided in the middle front of the frame, the slotting knife assembly is connected and installed in the front of the lifting platform, and the plow assembly is connected and installed in the rear of the lifting platform; a plurality of guide rods are arranged through the upper and lower parts, and the two ends of the guide rods are respectively connected to the frame; a screw rod is also connected to the lifting platform through the upper and lower parts, and a screw rod sleeve connected to the lifting platform is provided on the outer periphery of the screw rod, and a stepping motor is connected to the end of the screw rod, and the stepping motor is installed on the frame through a motor connecting plate.

4. The small disc type fine seeder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The screw rods are a pair symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and the guide rods are two groups symmetrically arranged on the left and right, with two rods in each group, which are respectively arranged in the front and rear directions of the screw rods. Removable T-shaped connecting blocks are respectively provided at both ends of the guide rods, and the T-shaped connecting blocks are connected to the frame.

5. The small disc type fine seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slotting knife assembly includes a horizontal connecting rod, on which a plurality of slotting knives are arranged at intervals; the slotting knife includes a triangular top plate connected to the horizontal connecting rod, the tip of the triangular top plate faces forward, and both sides of the triangular top plate are provided with slotting plates extending downward, a pair of the slotting plates are connected together at the front end, and a pair of the slotting plates are also provided at the rear end with a material guide plate bent to both sides, and a tip is also provided below the slotting plate.

6. The small disc type fine seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plow assembly includes a connecting frame, a plurality of vertical rotating discs are arranged at intervals below the connecting frame, a plurality of plows are arranged circumferentially on the rotating discs, and spacing is provided between the blades of the plows. The rotating discs are hollow structures, and a soil discharge plate is also provided at the rear of the connecting frame.

7. The small disc type fine seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed box is one or multiple seed boxes arranged side by side, a rotating shaft is provided in the seed box, at least one pair of rotating frames are provided on the rotating shaft, multiple cross bars are provided between the pair of rotating frames, a groove is provided at the bottom of the seed box, and the seeds are rotated into the groove when the cross bar rotates, and the groove is connected to the seed metering device.

8. The small disc type fine seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seeding device has multiple seeding channels and includes a cover shell connected below the seed box and a rotatable seeding wheel arranged in the cover shell. The outer periphery of the seeding wheel is provided with a plurality of seeding grooves, and a seeding port is provided below the cover shell.

9. The small disc type fine seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The burying mechanism comprises a burying plate, which is rotatably connected to the frame. A plurality of burying wheels are arranged in an array on one side of the burying plate facing the ground, and the burying wheels are distributed in different directions.

10. The small disc type fine seeder according to claim 9, characterized in that: A steering gear is provided at the rear of the frame, and the output end of the steering gear is connected to one side edge of the burying plate through a U-shaped connecting plate; the burying wheels are connected to the burying plate through a wheel frame, and the burying wheels are 6 to 12 in number and arranged in multiple directions, and the axial directions of the multiple burying wheels are arranged obliquely relative to the traveling direction of the frame.

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