Potato harvester with soil removing structure and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a potato harvester with a soil removing structure and application of the potato harvester, and relates to the technical field of potato harvesting. The harvester comprises a harvesting shovel, the harvesting shovel is arranged on the side, close to a traction frame, of a shell, the surface of the harvesting shovel is slidably connected with the inner side face of the shell, the side, close to the traction frame, of the harvesting shovel is rotationally connected with a connecting cylinder through a rotating rod, and the connecting cylinder is fixedly connected with the inner side face of the shell; the conveying assembly is fixedly connected with the surface of the shell, the sides, close to each other, of the walking assemblies are fixedly connected with the outer side face of the shell, and a vibration structure of the conveying assembly drives the conveying assembly to vibrate and can also drive the harvesting shovel to vibrate, so that after the harvesting shovel is embedded into the ground, soil is pulled up better, and the harvesting shovel is prevented from being clamped; in addition, vibration enables the harvesting shovel to shovel up soil in a more labor-saving mode, the traction speed can be increased, and more efficient harvesting is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of potato harvesting, and in particular to a potato harvester with a soil removing structure and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Potatoes are an important economic crop in my country and are planted in a wide area. In potato planting, harvesting is the last link in field operations. The choice of harvesting time and the quality of harvesting directly affect the yield and commercial value. Harvesting can be done by mechanical harvesting or manual digging. Manual digging takes up more man-hours and has lower efficiency. It has been replaced by mechanical harvesting in large-scale planting.

[0003] The existing potato harvester collects potatoes together with the soil during the process of collecting potatoes, and a large amount of soil will also adhere to the surface of the potatoes. When collecting potatoes, the soil accounts for a large proportion, which greatly reduces the transportation efficiency after harvesting. Therefore, we propose a potato harvester with a soil removal structure and its application. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a potato harvester with a soil removal structure and its application, comprising:

[0005] A shell, the top of which is fixedly connected to a traction frame;

[0006] A harvesting mechanism, the harvesting mechanism having a screening structure for screening out soil on the surface of potatoes, the harvesting mechanism being arranged inside the shell and fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the shell;

[0007] Wherein, the harvesting mechanism comprises:

[0008] A harvesting shovel, which is arranged at an angle and is used to scoop up soil and potatoes together. The harvesting shovel is arranged on a side of the shell close to the traction frame, and the surface of the harvesting shovel is slidably connected to the inner side of the shell. The side of the harvesting shovel close to the traction frame is rotatably connected to a connecting tube through a rotating rod, and the connecting tube is fixedly connected to the inner side of the shell;

[0009] A conveying assembly having a vibrating structure for screening out soil scooped up together with the potatoes, the conveying assembly being arranged on a side of the connecting cylinder away from the harvesting shovel, and the conveying assembly being fixedly connected to the surface of the housing;

[0010] Walking components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the shell, and the sides of the two walking components close to each other are fixedly connected to the outer side of the shell;

[0011] The harvester is hung on a power source such as a tractor through a traction frame, the traction frame is driven to move, the outer shell is driven to move, and the harvesting shovel is driven to insert into the ground. The auxiliary power source of the walking component drives the outer shell to move. While walking, the harvesting shovel continuously scoops up potatoes and soil, and drops them along the harvesting shovel to the conveying component. The vibrating structure of the conveying component drives the conveying component to vibrate, drives the potatoes and soil to vibrate, large pieces of soil are broken by vibration, the soil on the surface of the potatoes is also peeled off, and small pieces of soil fall from the conveying component. Finally, the potatoes fall to the tail of the outer shell and are The potatoes are stored at the tail of the shell, and the vibrating structure of the conveying assembly can continue to drive the potatoes to vibrate, further screening out the soil on the surface of the potatoes, and the screened soil falls from the tail of the shell. Finally, with continuous harvesting, clean potatoes are obtained. The vibrating structure of the conveying assembly drives the conveying assembly to vibrate, and can also drive the harvesting shovel to vibrate, so that after the harvesting shovel is embedded in the ground, the soil can be better pulled up to avoid the harvesting shovel from getting stuck, and a better harvesting effect can be obtained. The vibration makes it easier for the harvesting shovel to shovel up the soil, which can speed up the traction speed and obtain a more efficient harvest.

[0012] An arc groove is provided on the side of the harvesting shovel away from the connecting tube, and a plurality of arc grooves are evenly distributed on the side of the harvesting shovel away from the connecting tube. The arc groove can reduce the contact surface of the harvesting shovel when it is inserted into the ground, thereby obtaining a greater insertion pressure and better insertion into the ground.

[0013] Furthermore, saw blades are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the harvesting shovel, and the saw blades are arranged inside the shell, and the sides of the two saw blades that are away from each other are rotatably connected to the inner side surface of the shell through a rotating rod. The harvesting shovel moves with the shell, and the shell also drives the two saw blades to move. When the saw blades move, the soil between the ridges and the plant roots can be cut off, thereby facilitating the soil and potatoes to be scooped up by the harvesting shovel, preventing the soil from falling from the top of the harvesting shovel under the resistance of the root system, thereby preventing the potatoes from falling with the soil, thereby ensuring the harvesting efficiency.

[0014] Furthermore, the conveying assembly includes a conveyor belt, wherein one end of the conveyor belt close to the harvesting shovel is arranged directly below the harvesting shovel, and the outer side surface of the conveyor belt is arranged to be corrugated, and the side of the conveyor belt away from the harvesting shovel is inclined upward, and the conveyor belt is driven to transmit, and potatoes and soil fall to the top of the conveyor belt, and along with the transmission of the conveyor belt, the corrugated surface of the conveyor belt can limit the potatoes to prevent the potatoes from rolling on the top of the inclined conveyor belt during transportation, and because the conveyor belt is inclined, when the potatoes and soil fall on the top of the conveyor belt, they will stay between the conveyor belt and the connecting tube for a period of time due to their own inertia, and at this time, the conveyor belt continuously transmits on the top of the potatoes and the soil, so that the potatoes and large pieces of soil continuously roll, thereby peeling off the outside of the large pieces of soil and preliminarily peeling off the soil on the surface of the potatoes, and finally small pieces of soil fall through the gap between the conveyor belt and the connecting tube.

[0015] Furthermore, a driving roller is provided on the side of the conveyor belt away from the connecting cylinder, the surface of the driving roller is transmission-connected to the inner side surface of the conveyor belt, and both ends of the driving roller penetrate the outer shell, the surface of the driving roller is rotationally connected to the inner side surface of the outer shell, and a driven roller is provided on the side of the conveyor belt away from the driving roller, the surface of the driven roller is slidingly connected to the inner side surface of the conveyor belt, and both ends of the driven roller are provided with a vibration component, the vibration component is fixedly connected to the surface of the driven roller, and the side of the vibration component away from the driven roller is slidingly connected to the inner side surface of the outer shell, driving the driving roller to rotate, driving the conveyor belt to transmit, the conveyor belt slides on the surface of the driven roller, starting the vibration component, the vibration component drives the driven roller to vibrate, thereby driving the conveyor belt to vibrate, and then continuously screening the potatoes and soil clods transported on the top of the conveyor belt, further removing the soil adhering to the potato surface and the soil mixed in the potatoes.

[0016] Furthermore, the end of the active roller is fixedly connected to a motor, and the active roller is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, the outside of the motor is fixedly connected to a fixing frame, and the fixing frame is fixedly connected to the outer side of the shell, and the motor is started, and the output end of the motor drives the active roller to rotate, thereby driving the conveyor belt to transmit.

[0017] Furthermore, sieve holes are provided on the surface of the conveyor belt, and the sieve holes are arranged in the corrugated depressions of the conveyor belt, and there are a plurality of sieve holes, which are evenly distributed on the surface of the conveyor belt. Connecting plates are symmetrically provided on both sides of the conveyor belt, and the inner side surfaces of the connecting plates are rotatably connected to the surface of the active roller, and the inner side surfaces of the connecting plates are fixedly connected to the surface of the driven roller. A baffle is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate close to the connecting tube, and the peeled-off and fine soil falls through the sieve holes and finally leaves the outer shell. The sieve holes are provided in the corrugated depressions of the conveyor belt, and the soil accumulates in the depressions under the action of gravity, thereby ensuring the falling efficiency of the soil.

[0018] Furthermore, a feeding plate is provided on the side of the shell away from the harvesting shovel, the feeding plate is provided on the side of the conveyor belt away from the baffle, and the feeding plate is slidably connected to the conveyor belt, the feeding plate is rotatably connected to the inner side surface of the shell through a rotating rod, and a bent plate is provided on the side of the feeding plate away from the conveyor belt, the bent plate is made of elastic material, the two ends of the bent plate are respectively fixedly connected to the side where the feeding plate and the shell are close to each other, and a number of bent plates are evenly arranged at the interval between the shell and the feeding plate, the conveyor belt transports potatoes and some large pieces of compacted soil to the top of the feeding plate, the potatoes and the compacted soil slide along the feeding plate to the tail of the shell, and the smaller compacted soil passes through the bent plate The gap between the potatoes and the soil is further screened out. Driven by the conveyor belt, the feed plate drives the potatoes and the compacted soil to vibrate. The compacted soil has a higher density, a larger mass and a larger inertia. Under the action of vibration, it gradually gathers to the bottom of the potatoes, and the potatoes are lifted to the top, so that the soil and the soil, the potatoes and the potatoes are constantly and slightly collided with each other. The soil at the bottom is peeled off from each other, and the remaining soil on the surface of the potatoes is also peeled off, so that gradually only clean potatoes are left at the tail of the shell. The curved plate is set to obtain a larger gap and improve the screening effect. The curved plate made of elastic material can act as a buffer when the potatoes just start to roll to the tail of the shell to prevent the potatoes from being bumped.

[0019] The cam is connected with the transmission gear of the linkage set, and the transmission gear of the linkage set is connected with the transmission gear of the linkage set at the same time, so that the transmission gear of the linkage set can be connected with the transmission gear of the linkage set at the same time, so that the transmission gear of the linkage set can be connected with the transmission gear of the linkage set at the same time.

[0020] Furthermore, the walking assembly includes a roller, which is arranged in the middle part of the shell, and a wheel frame is arranged on the side of the roller close to the top of the shell, and the inner side of the wheel frame is rotatably connected to the roller through a rotating rod, and a slider is fixedly connected to the side of the shell close to the wheel frame, and the slider is slidably connected to the wheel frame on the side away from the shell, and the inner side of the slider is slidably connected to a limiting rod, and an end of the limiting rod away from the slider is fixedly connected to an arc plate, and the arc plate is fixedly connected to the side of the wheel frame close to the shell, and the surface of the limiting rod is slidably connected to a slide plate, and the slide plate is fixedly connected to the side of the wheel frame close to the shell, and the limiting rod A second spring is provided on the outside, and the two ends of the second spring are respectively fixedly connected to the sides of the slide plate and the slider that are close to each other. The outer shell moves, driving the roller to roll, thereby assisting the device to move. After the roller touches the ground, the harvesting shovel also touches the ground. At the same time, the outer shell drops, and the slider slides on the surface of the limit rod to adjust the height of the outer shell to adapt to different ridge heights and adjust the harvesting depth to avoid shoveling potatoes or incomplete harvesting. While the slider slides on the surface of the limit rod, it also slides inside the wheel frame to further limit the position and ensure smooth lifting and lowering. The setting of the second spring can provide a buffer for lifting and lowering to avoid collision between the outer shell and the internal structure.

[0021] An application of a potato harvester with a soil removal structure comprises the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Preparation for harvesting: hang the harvester on a power source such as a tractor through a traction frame, move the housing, drive the roller to roll, and the auxiliary device to move. After the roller touches the ground, the harvesting shovel also touches the ground. At the same time, the housing drops, and the slider slides on the surface of the limit rod to adjust the housing height to adapt to different ridge heights and adjust the harvesting depth.

[0023] Step 2: Potatoes are scooped up, and the harvesting shovel moves with the shell, and the shell also drives the two saw blades to move. The harvesting shovel is inserted into the ground, and the harvesting shovel continuously scoops up potatoes and soil, and drops them along the harvesting shovel to the conveying component. When the saw blade moves, the soil between the ridges and the plant roots can be cut off;

[0024] Step 3: potato conveying. Start the motor. The output end of the motor drives the active roller to rotate. The conveyor belt slides on the surface of the driven roller. The peeled and fine soil falls through the sieve holes and finally leaves the shell. The conveyor belt conveys the potatoes and some large pieces of compacted soil to the top of the discharge plate. The potatoes and compacted soil slide along the discharge plate to the tail of the shell. The smaller compacted soil passes through the gap between the curved plates.

[0025] Step 4: Vibration screening: Start the impactor, and the output end of the impactor impacts the driven roller, thereby driving the conveyor belt to vibrate, and continuously screening the potatoes and soil blocks transported on the top of the conveyor belt. Under the action of the reaction force, the connecting tube vibrates, driving the harvesting shovel to vibrate. After the harvesting shovel is embedded in the ground, the soil is quickly pulled up, and the driven roller vibrates, driving the sliding column to slide inside the slide groove, and at the same time, the sliding column slides outside the slide rod, and the first spring is deformed to perform buffering;

[0026] Step 5: Screen out the remaining soil. Driven by the conveyor belt, the feed plate drives the potatoes and compacted soil to vibrate. The compacted soil has a higher density, larger mass, and greater inertia. Under the action of vibration, it gradually gathers to the bottom of the potato, while the potato is lifted to the top, causing constant small collisions between the soil and the soil, and between the potatoes. The soil at the bottom is peeled off from each other, and the remaining soil on the surface of the potato is also peeled off, so that gradually only clean potatoes are left at the tail of the shell.

[0027] The present invention has the beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The present invention provides a harvesting mechanism. The vibration structure of the conveying assembly drives the conveying assembly to vibrate, and can also drive the harvesting shovel to vibrate. Therefore, after the harvesting shovel is embedded in the ground, the soil can be better pulled up to avoid the harvesting shovel from getting stuck, thereby obtaining a better harvesting effect. The vibration makes it easier for the harvesting shovel to shovel up the soil, which can speed up the traction speed and obtain a more efficient harvest. An arc groove is provided on the side of the harvesting shovel away from the connecting tube. The arc groove can reduce the contact surface of the harvesting shovel when it is inserted into the ground, thereby obtaining a greater insertion pressure and better insertion into the ground.

[0029] 2. The present invention sets a conveyor belt, and the corrugated surface of the conveyor belt can limit the position of potatoes, so as to prevent potatoes from rolling down on the top of the inclined conveyor belt during transportation. Moreover, since the conveyor belt is set inclined, when potatoes and soil fall on the top of the conveyor belt, they will stay between the conveyor belt and the connecting tube for a period of time due to their own inertia. At this time, the conveyor belt continuously transmits on the top of potatoes and soil, so that potatoes and large pieces of soil continuously roll, thereby peeling off the outside of large pieces of soil and preliminarily peeling off the soil on the surface of potatoes. The sieve holes are opened in the corrugated depressions of the conveyor belt, and the soil accumulates in the depressions under the action of gravity, thereby ensuring the dropping efficiency of the soil.

[0030] 3. The present invention sets a feed plate, and potatoes and compacted soil slide down the feed plate to the tail of the shell. Smaller compacted soil passes through the gap between the curved plates to further screen out the soil. Driven by the conveyor belt, the feed plate drives the potatoes and compacted soil to vibrate. The compacted soil has a higher density, a larger mass, and a larger inertia. Under the action of vibration, it gradually gathers to the bottom of the potatoes, and the potatoes are lifted to the top, so that the soil and the soil, and the potatoes and the potatoes constantly collide with each other in small amounts. The soil at the bottom is peeled off from each other, and the remaining soil on the surface of the potatoes is also peeled off, so that only clean potatoes are gradually left at the tail of the shell. The curved plate is bent to obtain a larger gap, which improves the screening effect. The curved plate made of elastic material can act as a buffer when the potatoes just start to roll to the tail of the shell to prevent the potatoes from being bumped.

[0031] 4. The present invention sets a walking assembly, the outer shell descends, and the slider slides on the surface of the limit rod, so as to adjust the height of the outer shell to adapt to different ridge heights and adjust the harvesting depth to avoid damaging potatoes or incomplete harvesting. While the slider slides on the surface of the limit rod, it also slides inside the wheel frame to further limit the position and ensure smooth lifting and lowering. The setting of the second spring can provide a buffer for lifting and lowering to avoid collision between the outer shell and the internal structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a potato harvester with a soil removal structure according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the harvesting mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the harvesting shovel of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the conveyor belt structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the blanking plate structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration component of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the housing of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the walking assembly of the present invention;

[0040] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the second spring structure of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the application of the potato harvester with the soil removal structure of the present invention.

[0042] In the figure: 1. shell; 2. traction frame; 3. harvesting mechanism; 31. harvesting shovel; 32. connecting tube; 33. conveying assembly; 331. conveyor belt; 332. active roller; 333. driven roller; 334. vibration assembly; 3341. impactor; 3342. slideway; 3343. slide column; 3344. slide bar; 3345. first spring; 335. connecting plate; 336. baffle; 337. sieve hole; 338. unloading plate; 339. bending plate; 34. motor; 35. walking assembly; 351. roller; 352. wheel frame; 353. slider; 354. limit rod; 355. arc plate; 356. slide plate; 357. second spring; 36. arc groove; 37. saw blade; 38. fixing frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention, and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

[0044] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 5 The present invention is a potato harvester with a soil removal structure and its application, comprising:

[0045] A housing 1, the top of which is fixedly connected with a traction frame 2;

[0046] A harvesting mechanism 3, which has a screening structure for screening out soil on the surface of potatoes. The harvesting mechanism 3 is arranged inside the housing 1, and the harvesting mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the housing 1;

[0047] Among them, the harvesting mechanism 3 includes:

[0048] A harvesting shovel 31 is arranged obliquely and is used to scoop up soil and potatoes together. The harvesting shovel 31 is arranged on a side of the housing 1 close to the traction frame 2, and the surface of the harvesting shovel 31 is slidably connected to the inner side of the housing 1. The side of the harvesting shovel 31 close to the traction frame 2 is rotatably connected to a connecting tube 32 through a rotating rod, and the connecting tube 32 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the housing 1;

[0049] The conveying assembly 33 has a vibrating structure and is used to screen out the soil scooped up together with the potatoes. The conveying assembly 33 is arranged on a side of the connecting cylinder 32 away from the harvesting shovel 31, and the conveying assembly 33 is fixedly connected to the surface of the housing 1;

[0050] Walking components 35, the walking components 35 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the housing 1, and the sides of the two walking components 35 close to each other are fixedly connected to the outer side surface of the housing 1;

[0051] The harvester is hung on a power source such as a tractor through the traction frame 2, and the traction frame 2 is driven to move, which drives the shell 1 to move, thereby driving the harvesting shovel 31 to be inserted into the ground, and the walking component 35 assists the power source to drive the shell 1 to move. While walking, the harvesting shovel 31 continuously scoops up potatoes and soil, and drops them along the harvesting shovel 31 to the conveying component 33. The vibration structure of the conveying component 33 drives the conveying component 33 to vibrate, and drives the potatoes and soil to vibrate. Large pieces of soil are broken by vibration, and the soil on the surface of the potatoes is also peeled off. Small pieces of soil fall from the conveying component 33, and finally the potatoes fall to the tail of the shell 1. The potatoes are stored at the rear of the housing 1, and the vibration structure of the conveying assembly 33 can continue to drive the potatoes to vibrate, further screening out the soil on the surface of the potatoes, and the screened soil falls from the rear of the housing 1. Finally, with continuous harvesting, clean potatoes are obtained. The vibration structure of the conveying assembly 33 drives the conveying assembly 33 to vibrate, and can also drive the harvesting shovel 31 to vibrate, so that after the harvesting shovel 31 is embedded in the ground, the soil can be better pulled up to avoid the harvesting shovel 31 from getting stuck, and a better harvesting effect can be obtained. The vibration makes it easier for the harvesting shovel 31 to shovel the soil, which can speed up the traction speed and obtain a more efficient harvest.

[0052] An arc groove 36 is provided on the side of the harvesting shovel 31 away from the connecting tube 32, and a plurality of arc grooves 36 are evenly distributed on the side of the harvesting shovel 31 away from the connecting tube 32. The arc groove 36 can reduce the contact surface of the harvesting shovel 31 when it is inserted into the ground, thereby obtaining a greater insertion pressure and better insertion into the ground.

[0053] Saw blades 37 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the harvesting shovel 31. The saw blades 37 are arranged inside the shell 1, and the sides of the two saw blades 37 that are away from each other are rotatably connected to the inner side surface of the shell 1 through a rotating rod. The harvesting shovel 31 moves with the shell 1, and the shell 1 also drives the two saw blades 37 to move. When the saw blades 37 move, the soil between the ridges and the plant roots can be cut off, so that the soil and potatoes can be scooped up by the harvesting shovel 31 conveniently, and the soil can be prevented from falling from the top of the harvesting shovel 31 under the resistance of the root system, thereby preventing the potatoes from falling with the soil, thereby ensuring the harvesting efficiency.

[0054] The conveying assembly 33 includes a conveyor belt 331, and one end of the conveyor belt 331 close to the harvesting shovel 31 is arranged directly below the harvesting shovel 31, and the outer side surface of the conveyor belt 331 is arranged to be corrugated, and the side of the conveyor belt 331 away from the harvesting shovel 31 is inclined upward, driving the conveyor belt 331 to transmit, and potatoes and soil fall to the top of the conveyor belt 331, and are transmitted along the conveyor belt 331. The corrugated surface of the conveyor belt 331 can limit the potatoes to prevent the potatoes from rolling down the top of the inclined conveyor belt 331 during transportation, and because the conveyor belt 331 is inclined, when the potatoes and soil fall on the top of the conveyor belt 331, they will stay at one end between the conveyor belt 331 and the connecting tube 32 due to their own inertia. At this time, the conveyor belt 331 continuously transmits on the top of the potatoes and the soil, so that the potatoes and the large pieces of soil are continuously rolled, thereby peeling off the outside of the large pieces of soil and preliminarily peeling off the soil on the surface of the potatoes, and finally small pieces of soil fall through the gap between the conveyor belt 331 and the connecting tube 32.

[0055] A driving roller 332 is provided on the side of the conveyor belt 331 away from the connecting tube 32. The surface of the driving roller 332 is connected to the inner side of the conveyor belt 331 through transmission. Both ends of the driving roller 332 penetrate the shell 1. The surface of the driving roller 332 is connected to the inner side of the shell 1 through rotation. A driven roller 333 is provided on the side of the conveyor belt 331 away from the driving roller 332. The surface of the driven roller 333 is connected to the inner side of the conveyor belt 331 through sliding. Both ends of the driven roller 333 are provided with a vibration assembly 334. The vibration assembly 334 is connected to the driven roller. The surface of the driven roller 333 is fixedly connected, and the side of the vibration component 334 away from the driven roller 333 is slidably connected to the inner side of the shell 1, driving the active roller 332 to rotate, driving the conveyor belt 331 to transmit, and the conveyor belt 331 slides on the surface of the driven roller 333, starting the vibration component 334, and the vibration component 334 drives the driven roller 333 to vibrate, thereby driving the conveyor belt 331 to vibrate, and then continuously screening the potatoes and soil blocks transported on the top of the conveyor belt 331, further removing the soil adhering to the surface of the potatoes and the soil mixed in the potatoes.

[0056] The end of the active roller 332 is fixedly connected to the motor 34, and the active roller 332 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 34. The outside of the motor 34 is fixedly connected to a fixing frame 38, and the fixing frame 38 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the shell 1. When the motor 34 is started, the output end of the motor 34 drives the active roller 332 to rotate, thereby driving the conveyor belt 331 to transmit.

[0057] A sieve hole 337 is provided on the surface of the conveyor belt 331. The sieve hole 337 is arranged in the corrugated depression of the conveyor belt 331, and there are a plurality of sieve holes 337, which are evenly distributed on the surface of the conveyor belt 331. Connecting plates 335 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the conveyor belt 331. The inner side surface of the connecting plate 335 is rotatably connected to the surface of the active roller 332, and the inner side surface of the connecting plate 335 is fixedly connected to the surface of the driven roller 333. A baffle 336 is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate 335 close to the connecting cylinder 32. The stripped and fine soil falls through the sieve hole 337 and finally leaves the outer shell 1. The sieve hole 337 is provided in the corrugated depression of the conveyor belt 331. The soil accumulates in the depression under the action of gravity, thereby ensuring the falling efficiency of the soil.

[0058] A feeding plate 338 is provided on the side of the shell 1 away from the harvesting shovel 31. The feeding plate 338 is provided on the side of the conveyor belt 331 away from the baffle 336, and the feeding plate 338 is slidably connected to the conveyor belt 331. The feeding plate 338 is rotatably connected to the inner side surface of the shell 1 through a rotating rod. A bent plate 339 is provided on the side of the feeding plate 338 away from the conveyor belt 331. The bent plate 339 is made of elastic material. The two ends of the bent plate 339 are respectively fixedly connected to the side where the feeding plate 338 and the shell 1 are close to each other, and a number of bent plates 339 are evenly arranged at the interval between the shell 1 and the feeding plate 338. The conveyor belt 331 transports potatoes and some large pieces of compacted soil to the top of the feeding plate 338, and the potatoes and the compacted soil slide along the feeding plate 338 to the tail of the shell 1. Smaller compacted soil passes through the gap between the curved plates 339 and is further screened out. Driven by the conveyor belt 331, the unloading plate 338 drives the potatoes and the compacted soil to vibrate. The compacted soil has a higher density, a larger mass, and a larger inertia. Under the action of vibration, it gradually gathers to the bottom of the potato, and the potato is lifted to the top, so that the soil and the soil, and the potato and the potato are constantly and slightly colliding with each other. The soil at the bottom is peeled off from each other, and the remaining soil on the surface of the potato is also peeled off, so that only clean potatoes are gradually left at the tail of the shell 1. The curved plate 339 is bent to obtain a larger gap to improve the screening effect. The curved plate 339 made of elastic material can act as a buffer when the potato just starts to roll to the tail of the shell 1 to prevent the potato from being bumped.

[0059] Example 2, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 10The vibration assembly 334 includes an impactor 3341, which is arranged at the interval between the driven roller 333 and the connecting tube 32. The two ends of the impactor 3341 are respectively fixedly connected to the side of the driven roller 333 and the connecting tube 32 close to each other, and the driven roller 333 is fixedly connected to the output end of the impactor 3341. A sliding groove 3342 is provided on the side of the housing 1 close to the driven roller 333. A sliding column 3343 is slidably connected to the inner side of the sliding groove 3342. A sliding rod 3344 is slidably connected to the inner side of the sliding column 3343. Both ends of the sliding rod 3344 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the sliding groove 3342. A first spring 3345 is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod 3344. The spring 3345 is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding column 3343 close to the connecting tube 32, and the end of the first spring 3345 away from the sliding column 3343 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the sliding groove 3342. The impactor 3341 is started, and the output end of the impactor 3341 impacts the driven roller 333, thereby driving the conveyor belt 331 to vibrate. Under the action of the reaction force, the connecting tube 32 vibrates, driving the harvesting shovel 31 to vibrate, and the driven roller 333 vibrates, driving the sliding column 3343 to slide inside the sliding groove 3342. At the same time, the sliding column 3343 slides outside the sliding rod 3344, and the first spring 3345 is deformed, thereby providing a buffer to avoid excessive vibration of the outer shell 1 and loosening of parts.

[0060] The walking assembly 35 includes a roller 351, which is arranged in the middle of the shell 1. A wheel frame 352 is arranged on one side of the roller 351 close to the top of the shell 1. The inner side of the wheel frame 352 is rotatably connected to the roller 351 through a rotating rod. A slider 353 is fixedly connected to one side of the shell 1 close to the wheel frame 352. The slider 353 is slidably connected to the wheel frame 352 on the side away from the shell 1. The inner side of the slider 353 is slidably connected to a limiting rod 354. An end of the limiting rod 354 away from the slider 353 is fixedly connected to an arc plate 355. The arc plate 355 is fixedly connected to the side of the wheel frame 352 close to the shell 1. A slide plate 356 is slidably connected to the surface of the limiting rod 354. The slide plate 356 is fixedly connected to the side of the wheel frame 352 close to the shell 1. The outer sleeve of 54 is provided with a second spring 357, and the two ends of the second spring 357 are respectively fixedly connected to the side of the slide plate 356 and the slider 353 that are close to each other. The outer shell 1 moves, driving the roller 351 to roll, thereby assisting the device to walk. After the roller 351 contacts the ground, the harvesting shovel 31 also contacts the ground. At the same time, the outer shell 1 descends, and the slider 353 slides on the surface of the limiting rod 354, so as to adjust the height of the outer shell 1 to adapt to different ridge heights and adjust the harvesting depth to avoid shoveling potatoes or incomplete harvesting. While the slider 353 slides on the surface of the limiting rod 354, it also slides inside the wheel frame 352 to further limit the position and ensure smooth lifting and lowering. The setting of the second spring 357 can provide a buffer for lifting and lowering to avoid collision between the outer shell 1 and the internal structure.

[0061] An application of a potato harvester with a soil removal structure comprises the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: Preparation for harvesting: hang the harvester on a power source such as a tractor through the traction frame 2, move the housing 1, drive the roller 351 to roll, and the auxiliary device to move. After the roller 351 touches the ground, the harvesting shovel 31 also touches the ground. At the same time, the housing 1 drops, and the slider 353 slides on the surface of the limit rod 354 to adjust the height of the housing 1 to adapt to different ridge heights and adjust the harvesting depth.

[0063] Step 2: Potatoes are scooped up. The harvesting shovel 31 moves with the housing 1. At the same time, the housing 1 also drives the two saw blades 37 to move. The harvesting shovel 31 is inserted into the ground. The harvesting shovel 31 continuously scoops up potatoes and soil, and drops them along the harvesting shovel 31 onto the conveying assembly 33. When the saw blades 37 move, the soil between the ridges and the plant roots can be cut off.

[0064] Step 3: potato conveying. Start the motor 34. The output end of the motor 34 drives the active roller 332 to rotate. The conveyor belt 331 slides on the surface of the driven roller 333. The peeled and fine soil falls through the sieve hole 337 and finally leaves the shell 1. The conveyor belt 331 conveys the potatoes and some large pieces of compacted soil to the top of the discharge plate 338. The potatoes and the compacted soil slide along the discharge plate 338 to the tail of the shell 1. The smaller compacted soil passes through the gap between the curved plates 339.

[0065] Step 4: Vibration screening. Start the impactor 3341. The output end of the impactor 3341 impacts the driven roller 333, thereby driving the conveyor belt 331 to vibrate, and continuously screening the potatoes and soil blocks transported on the top of the conveyor belt 331. Under the action of the reaction force, the connecting tube 32 vibrates, driving the harvesting shovel 31 to vibrate. After the harvesting shovel 31 is embedded in the ground, the soil is quickly pulled up, and the driven roller 333 vibrates, driving the sliding column 3343 to slide inside the sliding groove 3342. At the same time, the sliding column 3343 slides outside the sliding rod 3344, and the first spring 3345 is deformed to perform buffering.

[0066] Step 5: Screening out the remaining soil. Driven by the conveyor belt 331, the unloading plate 338 drives the potatoes and the compacted soil to vibrate. The compacted soil has a higher density, a larger mass, and a larger inertia. Under the action of vibration, it gradually gathers to the bottom of the potatoes, while the potatoes are lifted to the top, so that the soil and the soil, and the potatoes and the potatoes constantly collide with each other in small amounts, the soil at the bottom is peeled off from each other, and the remaining soil on the surface of the potatoes is also peeled off, so that gradually only clean potatoes are left at the tail of the shell 1.

[0067] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field and related fields without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention are implemented according to the conventional means in the field unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. A potato harvester with a soil removal structure, characterized in that: include: A housing (1), the top of which is fixedly connected to a traction frame (2); A harvesting mechanism (3), the harvesting mechanism (3) having a screening structure for screening out dirt on the surface of potatoes, the harvesting mechanism (3) being arranged inside the outer shell (1), and the harvesting mechanism (3) being fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the outer shell (1); Wherein, the harvesting mechanism (3) comprises: A harvesting shovel (31), the harvesting shovel (31) being arranged at an angle and used for scooping up soil and potatoes together, the harvesting shovel (31) being arranged on a side of the outer shell (1) close to the traction frame (2), and the surface of the harvesting shovel (31) being slidably connected to the inner side surface of the outer shell (1), the side of the harvesting shovel (31) close to the traction frame (2) being rotatably connected to a connecting tube (32) via a rotating rod, and the connecting tube (32) being fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the outer shell (1); A conveying assembly (33) having a vibrating structure for screening out soil scooped up together with the potatoes, the conveying assembly (33) being arranged on a side of the connecting cylinder (32) away from the harvesting shovel (31), and the conveying assembly (33) being fixedly connected to the surface of the housing (1); Walking components (35), the walking components (35) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the housing (1), and the sides of the two walking components (35) close to each other are fixedly connected to the outer side surface of the housing (1); An arc-shaped groove (36) is provided on the side of the harvesting shovel (31) away from the connecting tube (32), and a plurality of the arc-shaped grooves (36) are evenly distributed on the side of the harvesting shovel (31) away from the connecting tube (32).

2. A potato harvester with a soil removal structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Saw blades (37) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the harvesting shovel (31), and the saw blades (37) are arranged inside the outer shell (1), and the sides of the two saw blades (37) that are away from each other are rotatably connected to the inner side surface of the outer shell (1) through a rotating rod.

3. A potato harvester with a soil removal structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conveying assembly (33) comprises a conveying belt (331), wherein one end of the conveying belt (331) close to the harvesting shovel (31) is arranged directly below the harvesting shovel (31), and the outer side surface of the conveying belt (331) is arranged to be corrugated, and the side of the conveying belt (331) away from the harvesting shovel (31) is inclined upward.

4. A potato harvester with a soil removal structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A driving roller (332) is provided on the side of the conveyor belt (331) away from the connecting cylinder (32); the surface of the driving roller (332) is transmission-connected to the inner side surface of the conveyor belt (331); both ends of the driving roller (332) penetrate the outer shell (1); the surface of the driving roller (332) is rotationally connected to the inner side surface of the outer shell (1); a driven roller (333) is provided on the side of the conveyor belt (331) away from the driving roller (332); the surface of the driven roller (333) is slidably connected to the inner side surface of the conveyor belt (331); both ends of the driven roller (333) are provided with a vibration assembly (334); the vibration assembly (334) is fixedly connected to the surface of the driven roller (333); the side of the vibration assembly (334) away from the driven roller (333) is slidably connected to the inner side surface of the outer shell (1).

5. A potato harvester with a soil removal structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the active roller (332) is fixedly connected to a motor (34), and the active roller (332) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (34). The outside of the motor (34) is fixedly connected to a fixing frame (38), and the fixing frame (38) is fixedly connected to the outer side surface of the housing (1).

6. A potato harvester with a soil removal structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the conveyor belt (331) is provided with sieve holes (337), the sieve holes (337) are arranged at the corrugated depression of the conveyor belt (331), and a plurality of the sieve holes (337) are provided, and the plurality of the sieve holes (337) are evenly distributed on the surface of the conveyor belt (331), connecting plates (335) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveyor belt (331), the inner side surface of the connecting plate (335) is rotatably connected to the surface of the active roller (332), the inner side surface of the connecting plate (335) is fixedly connected to the surface of the driven roller (333), and a baffle (336) is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate (335) close to the connecting cylinder (32).

7. A potato harvester with a soil removal structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A feed plate (338) is provided on the side of the outer shell (1) away from the harvesting shovel (31). The feed plate (338) is provided on the side of the conveyor belt (331) away from the baffle (336), and the feed plate (338) is slidably connected to the conveyor belt (331). The feed plate (338) is rotatably connected to the inner side surface of the outer shell (1) through a rotating rod. A bent plate (339) is provided on the side of the feed plate (338) away from the conveyor belt (331). The bent plate (339) is made of elastic material. Both ends of the bent plate (339) are respectively fixedly connected to the side where the feed plate (338) and the outer shell (1) are close to each other, and a plurality of bent plates (339) are evenly arranged at the interval between the outer shell (1) and the feed plate (338).

8. The potato harvester with a soil removal structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vibration assembly (334) comprises an impactor (3341), wherein the impactor (3341) is arranged at the interval between the driven roller (333) and the connecting tube (32), wherein the two ends of the impactor (3341) are respectively fixedly connected to the side of the driven roller (333) and the connecting tube (32) close to each other, and the driven roller (333) is fixedly connected to the output end of the impactor (3341), and a slide groove (3342) is provided on the side of the housing (1) close to the driven roller (333), and the inner side surface of the slide groove (3342) is slideable. A sliding column (3343) is movably connected, and the inner side surface of the sliding column (3343) is slidably connected to a sliding rod (3344), both ends of the sliding rod (3344) are fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the sliding groove (3342), and the outer portion of the sliding rod (3344) is sleeved with a first spring (3345), and the first spring (3345) is fixedly connected to a side of the sliding column (3343) close to the connecting tube (32), and the end of the first spring (3345) away from the sliding column (3343) is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the sliding groove (3342).

9. A potato harvester with a soil removal structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The walking assembly (35) comprises a roller (351), wherein the roller (351) is arranged in the middle of the housing (1), a wheel frame (352) is arranged on a side of the roller (351) close to the top of the housing (1), an inner side surface of the wheel frame (352) is rotatably connected to the roller (351) via a rotating rod, a slider (353) is fixedly connected to a side of the housing (1) close to the wheel frame (352), a side of the slider (353) away from the housing (1) is slidably connected to the wheel frame (352), an inner side surface of the slider (353) is slidably connected to a limiting rod (354), and the inner side surface of the slider (353) is slidably connected to the limiting rod (354). The end of the limiting rod (354) away from the slider (353) is fixedly connected to an arc plate (355), and the arc plate (355) is fixedly connected to the side of the wheel frame (352) close to the housing (1). The surface of the limiting rod (354) is slidably connected to a slide plate (356), and the slide plate (356) is fixedly connected to the side of the wheel frame (352) close to the housing (1). The outer part of the limiting rod (354) is sleeved with a second spring (357), and the two ends of the second spring (357) are respectively fixedly connected to the sides of the slide plate (356) and the slider (353) close to each other.

10. The use of a potato harvester with a soil removal structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Preparation for harvesting: The harvester is hung on a power source such as a tractor through a traction frame (2), the housing (1) moves, driving the roller (351) to roll, and the auxiliary device to move. After the roller (351) touches the ground, the harvesting shovel (31) also touches the ground. At the same time, the housing (1) descends, and the slider (353) slides on the surface of the limit rod (354). The height of the housing (1) is adjusted to adapt to different ridge heights and the harvesting depth is adjusted; Step 2: Potatoes are scooped up, and the harvesting shovel (31) moves with the housing (1). At the same time, the housing (1) also drives the two saw blades (37) to move. The harvesting shovel (31) is inserted into the ground. The harvesting shovel (31) continuously scoops up potatoes and soil, and the potatoes fall along the harvesting shovel (31) onto the conveying assembly (33). When the saw blades (37) move, the soil between the ridges and the plant roots can be cut off; Step 3: potato conveying. The motor (34) is started. The output end of the motor (34) drives the active roller (332) to rotate. The conveyor belt (331) slides on the surface of the driven roller (333). The peeled and fine soil falls through the sieve holes (337) and finally leaves the shell (1). The conveyor belt (331) conveys the potatoes and some large pieces of compacted soil to the top of the discharge plate (338). The potatoes and the compacted soil slide along the discharge plate (338) to the tail of the shell (1). The smaller compacted soil passes through the gap between the curved plates (339). Step 4: Vibration screening: Start the impactor (3341), and the output end of the impactor (3341) impacts the driven roller (333), thereby driving the conveyor belt (331) to vibrate, and continuously screening the potatoes and soil blocks transported on the top of the conveyor belt (331). Under the action of the reaction force, the connecting tube (32) vibrates, driving the harvesting shovel (31) to vibrate. After the harvesting shovel (31) is embedded in the ground, the soil is quickly pulled up, and the driven roller (333) vibrates, driving the sliding column (3343) to slide inside the sliding groove (3342). At the same time, the sliding column (3343) slides outside the sliding rod (3344), and the first spring (3345) is deformed to perform buffering. Step 5: Screening out the remaining soil. Driven by the conveyor belt (331), the feed plate (338) drives the potatoes and the compacted soil to vibrate. The compacted soil has a high density, a large mass, and a large inertia. Under the action of vibration, it gradually gathers at the bottom of the potatoes, while the potatoes are lifted to the top, so that the soil and the potatoes constantly collide with each other in small amounts, and the soil at the bottom is peeled off from each other. The remaining soil on the surface of the potatoes is also peeled off, so that gradually only clean potatoes are left at the tail of the shell (1).

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