Nutrient medium for rice floating on water surface and preparation method of nutrient medium

Abstract

The invention provides a water surface floating rice nutrition matrix and a preparation method thereof, the water surface floating rice nutrition matrix is prepared from the following components by mass: 80 parts of crushed soil and 20 parts of a planting matrix, a seedling strengthening agent is applied according to the total amount of the crushed soil and the planting matrix, the usage amount of the seedling strengthening agent is 0.1%, a base fertilizer is applied, and the base fertilizer comprises a compound fertilizer, an organic fertilizer, urea and a slow release fertilizer. According to the invention, crushed soil, a planting matrix, a seedling strengthening agent and a base fertilizer are proportioned, and then water is added for standing and culturing for one day, so that nutrients in the matrix react in a balanced manner, and the nutrient matrix suitable for the growth of floating rice is prepared. The nutrient medium for the water surface floating rice and the preparation method thereof are suitable for the floating rice, one-time fertilization in the early stage and no or less topdressing in the later stage can be achieved under the condition that the requirement for supporting the rice is met, the purposes of saving time and labor are achieved, and normal growth of the rice on the water surface is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a soil matrix formula, in particular to a nutrient matrix for rice floating on water surface and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of soil improvement. Background Art

[0002] Rice is an annual aquatic herb of the Poaceae family. It has a special growth habit and prefers a high temperature, high humidity, and short-day environment. As an important food crop, rice is the staple food of more than half of the world's population, with Asia being the main producer and consumer of rice. Therefore, effectively increasing rice production is of great significance to global human food security.

[0003] Traditional rice cultivation requires a large amount of arable land, supplemented by certain water and fertilizer regulation and pest and disease control. With the continuous increase in the global population and the rapid development of urbanization, the total amount of arable land is facing the pressure of continuous reduction. In particular, the development of mining activities has not only caused some arable land to be polluted, but also caused a large amount of arable land to sink and be damaged. Therefore, increasing the amount of arable land, improving the quality of arable land, and increasing rice yields through scientific management and technological innovation are effective means to maintain stable grain production. If the country increases investment in science and technology and tackles the problem of saline-alkali land management, it can effectively increase the area of ​​arable land as a reserve arable land for my country's food safety production.

[0004] my country is rich in coal resources. The mining process of coal mines will cause surface cracks and large-scale surface collapse. According to statistics, by the end of 2021, my country has 10000km 2 The above mining subsidences have destroyed arable land, of which agricultural land accounts for about 60%. Especially in some mining areas in Yanzhou Jining, Huainan, Zaozhuang, Huaibei and other areas with high water levels, large areas of surface subsidence and water accumulation often occur, flooding arable land. For example, from 2004 to 2020, coal mining in the Huainan mining area caused a subsidence area of ​​80km2, with an average subsidence depth of 6 meters, and a large number of farmlands could not be cultivated. These coal mining turned the original arable land into subsidence waters and could not grow traditional rice, resulting in a contradiction between energy security and food security. Therefore, laying floating plates on the water surface and planting rice in the planting cups in the middle of the floating plates is of great significance to ensuring my country's food security.

[0005] Compared with traditional rice cultivation on cultivated land, the application of topdressing to floating rice in the later stage of growth according to the traditional fertilization method may cause a considerable part of the fertilizer to enter the water body, reduce the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer, and may pollute the water body. This requires that before the rice is transplanted to the planting cup of the floating board, it is necessary to fully ensure that the rice planting matrix has sufficient nutrients and minimize the application of fertilizers in the later stage. However, there are currently no reports on nutrient substrates for floating rice cultivation. For this reason, this patent proposes a nutrient substrate formula suitable for floating rice on the water surface. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a nutrient matrix for rice floating on water surface and a preparation method thereof. The matrix formula is suitable for floating rice. While meeting the demand for supporting rice growth, one-time fertilization can be achieved in the early stage, and no or little topdressing is required in the later stage, thereby achieving the purpose of saving time and labor and ensuring the normal growth of rice on the water surface.

[0007] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is implemented as follows: a nutrient matrix for rice floating on the water surface is made of the following components in proportion by mass: 80 parts of crushed soil and 20 parts of planting matrix, and a seedling strengthening agent is applied according to the total amount (100 parts) of the crushed soil and the planting matrix, the amount of the seedling strengthening agent is 0.1%, and a base fertilizer is applied thereto, the base fertilizer comprising compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, urea, and slow-release fertilizer.

[0008] Preferably, the soil is mechanically crushed soil.

[0009] Further selected, the planting matrix is ​​a special matrix for raising melon and fruit seedlings, suitable for sowing and raising rice, eggplants, and leafy vegetables, the matrix is ​​loose, has good air permeability, strong water holding capacity, N+P2O5+K2O≥3%, and organic matter content ≥35%.

[0010] Further selected, the rice seedling strengthening agent is a special rice seedling strengthening agent, wherein N+P2O5+K2O≥20%, Zn≥0.2%, and has the functions of promoting root growth, promoting sprouting, and strengthening seedlings.

[0011] Further selected, the dosage of the compound fertilizer is 0.05%, of which the total nutrients N+P2O5+K2O≥57%, and the proportions of N-P2O5-K2O are 19-19-19 respectively, which can supplement the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements required by plants, and has the effects of promoting plant rooting, growth, and improving plant resistance.

[0012] Further selected, the amount of organic fertilizer is 2%, its organic matter content is ≥25%, the total nutrients N+P2O5+K2O ≥1.5%, and the pH is between 5.5-8.5, which has the effect of improving soil structure and increasing soil fertility.

[0013] Further selected, the urea is used in an amount of 0.007%, N≥46.4%, and has the effects of drought resistance and nitrogen supplementation.

[0014] Further selected, the slow-release fertilizer is coated urea, the dosage of the slow-release fertilizer is 0.07%, N≥37%, which can play a role in controlling nitrogen slow release.

[0015] A method for preparing a nutrient matrix for rice floating on a water surface comprises the following steps: ST1. Using a crushing device to crush the soil to obtain crushed soil; ST2. Weigh the crushed soil and planting matrix according to the nutrient matrix formula ratio; ST3. Determine the total weight of the crushed soil and the planting matrix, apply a seedling strengthening agent according to the total amount of the crushed soil and the planting matrix, and weigh the corresponding base fertilizer according to the nutrient matrix formula. The base fertilizer includes compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, urea, and slow-release fertilizer; ST4, placing the above-mentioned crushed soil, planting matrix, seedling strengthening agent and fertilizer in a stirring device and mixing them evenly to obtain a mixture A; ST5. Add water to the mixture A and let it stand for culture to balance the nutrients in the matrix. Through the above operation, a nutrient matrix for floating rice on the water surface is obtained.

[0016] Further selected, in the ST5, the amount of water added to the mixture A is 30% of the total weight of the crushed soil and the planting matrix (the maximum water holding capacity of the soil), the static culture environment temperature is 25±5°C, and the static culture time is 1 day.

[0017] The nutrient matrix of floating rice on the water surface and the preparation method thereof of the present invention have the following advantages: the preparation process is simple, safe and environmentally friendly, and can meet the full-cycle nutrient requirements of floating rice. The prepared nutrient matrix can be suitable for the planting of floating rice, and can achieve one-time fertilization in the early stage, no topdressing or less topdressing in the later stage, achieving the purpose of saving time and labor, avoiding the situation of insufficient or excessive fertilizer nutrients caused by one-time fertilization of floating rice, and ensuring the normal growth of floating rice.

[0018] The foregoing summary is intended only to illustrate the specification and is not intended to limit it. In addition to the above-described forms of expression, implementation forms and features, other aspects, implementations and features of the present invention will be more clearly shown by reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the steps of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a data diagram of rice seedlings grown in small indoor plastic cups according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3This is a data diagram of outdoor water surface planting cup rice of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a nutrient matrix for rice floating on water surface and a preparation method thereof. The nutrient matrix for rice floating on water surface is made of the following components by mass proportion: 80 parts of crushed soil and 20 parts of planting matrix, and base fertilizer is applied according to the total amount (100 parts) of crushed soil and planting matrix, and the base fertilizer includes compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, urea, and slow-release fertilizer.

[0025] In one embodiment, the soil is mechanically crushed soil.

[0026] In one embodiment, the planting matrix is ​​a special matrix for rice seedling cultivation, which is suitable for sowing and seedling cultivation of rice, Solanaceae, and leafy vegetables. The matrix is ​​loose, has good air permeability, and strong water holding capacity, and the N+P2O5+K2O content is ≥3%, and the organic matter content is ≥35%.

[0027] In one embodiment, the dosage of the compound fertilizer is 0.05%, of which the total nutrients N+P2O5+K2O≥57%, and the proportions of N-P2O5-K2O are 19-19-19 respectively, which can supplement the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements required by plants, and has the effects of promoting plant rooting, growth, and improving plant resistance.

[0028] In one embodiment, the dosage of the organic fertilizer is 2%, the organic matter content thereof is ≥25%, the total nutrients N+P2O5+K2O is ≥1.5%, and the pH is between 5.5-8.5, which has the effect of improving soil structure and increasing soil fertility.

[0029] In one embodiment, the urea is used in an amount of 0.007%, N≥46.4%, and has the effects of drought resistance and nitrogen supplementation.

[0030] In one embodiment, the slow-release fertilizer is coated urea, the dosage of the slow-release fertilizer is 0.07%, N≥37%, which can play a role in controlling nitrogen slow release.

[0031] A method for preparing a nutrient matrix for rice floating on a water surface comprises the following steps: ST1. Using a crushing device to crush the soil to obtain crushed soil; ST2. Weigh the crushed soil and planting matrix according to the nutrient matrix formula ratio; ST3. Determine the total weight of the crushed soil and the planting matrix, and weigh the corresponding fertilizers according to the nutrient matrix formula. The fertilizers include slow-release fertilizers, compound fertilizers, organic fertilizers, and urea; ST4, placing the above-mentioned crushed soil, planting medium and fertilizer in a stirring device and mixing them evenly to obtain a mixture A; ST5. Add water to the mixture A and let it stand for culture to balance the nutrients in the matrix. Through the above operation, a nutrient matrix for floating rice on the water surface is obtained.

[0032] Further selected, in the ST5, the amount of water added to the mixture A is 30% of the total weight of the crushed soil and the planting matrix (the maximum water holding capacity of the soil), the static culture environment temperature is 25±5°C, and the static culture time is 1 day.

[0033] In Example 1, a total of 8 treatment groups were set up (see Table 1 for details of the experimental treatment groups), and each treatment group had 3 identical parallel experiments. A 10-day indoor small plastic cup rice seedling planting experiment was conducted to explore the growth status of rice seedlings with different ratios of substrates through data such as plant height, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight of rice seedlings.

[0034] Table 1 Experimental treatment groups The results show that if Figure 2 As shown in the figure, analysis of the rice growth data shows that the rice growth in treatment group 3 is the best, and its plant height, root length, and fresh weight data are significantly higher than those in other treatment groups. The plant height, root length, and fresh weight data of treatment group 3 are 71.26%, 41.67%, and 10.36 higher than those of blank treatment group 1, respectively. It is worth noting that with the increase in the amount of planting substrate, the root length and dry weight of rice show a downward trend, which is because the planting substrate has a high organic matter content. Organic matter consumes a lot of oxygen during decomposition. If the soil organic matter content is too high and decomposes rapidly, the soil oxygen content may decrease. The hypoxic environment will inhibit the respiration of the rice root system and affect the normal growth and development of the root system. Therefore, the application amount of 80% soil + 20% substrate in treatment group 3 is suitable for rice growth. Too high or too low a planting substrate will affect the root development and height of the rice seedlings.

[0035] Embodiment 2 like Figure 1As shown, a nutrient matrix for rice floating on water surface of the present invention is made of the following components in proportion by mass: 80 parts of crushed soil and 20 parts of planting matrix, and a seedling strengthening agent is applied according to the total amount (100 parts) of the crushed soil and the planting matrix, the amount of the seedling strengthening agent is 0.1%, and a base fertilizer is applied thereto, the base fertilizer comprising compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, urea, and slow-release fertilizer.

[0036] In one embodiment, the soil is mechanically crushed soil.

[0037] In one embodiment, the planting matrix is ​​a special matrix for rice seedling cultivation, which is suitable for sowing and seedling cultivation of rice, solanaceous plants, and leafy vegetables. The matrix is ​​loose, has good air permeability, and strong water holding capacity, and the N+P2O5+K2O content is ≥3%, and the organic matter content is ≥35%.

[0038] In one embodiment, the rice seedling strengthening agent is a rice seedling strengthening agent, in which N+P2O5+K2O≥20%, Zn≥0.2%, and has the functions of promoting root growth, promoting sprouting, and strengthening seedlings.

[0039] In one embodiment, the dosage of the compound fertilizer is 0.05%, of which the total nutrients N+P2O5+K2O≥57%, and the proportions of N-P2O5-K2O are 19-19-19 respectively, which can supplement the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements required by plants, and has the effects of promoting plant rooting, growth, and improving plant resistance.

[0040] In one embodiment, the dosage of the organic fertilizer is 2%, the organic matter content thereof is ≥25%, the total nutrients N+P2O5+K2O is ≥1.5%, and the pH is between 5.5-8.5, which has the effect of improving soil structure and increasing soil fertility.

[0041] In one embodiment, the urea is used in an amount of 0.007%, N≥46.4%, and has the effects of drought resistance and nitrogen supplementation.

[0042] In one embodiment, the slow-release fertilizer is coated urea, the dosage of the slow-release fertilizer is 0.07%, N≥37%, which can play a role in controlling nitrogen slow release.

[0043] A method for preparing a nutrient matrix for rice floating on a water surface comprises the following steps: ST1. Using a crushing device to crush the soil to obtain crushed soil; ST2. Weigh the crushed soil and planting matrix according to the nutrient matrix formula ratio; ST3. Determine the total weight of the crushed soil and the planting matrix, apply a seedling strengthening agent according to the total amount of the crushed soil and the planting matrix, and weigh the corresponding base fertilizer according to the nutrient matrix formula. The base fertilizer includes compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, urea, and slow-release fertilizer; ST4, placing the above-mentioned crushed soil, planting matrix, seedling strengthening agent and fertilizer in a stirring device and mixing them evenly to obtain a mixture A; ST5. Add water to the mixture A and let it stand for culture to balance the nutrients in the matrix. Through the above operation, a nutrient matrix for floating rice on the water surface is obtained.

[0044] In one embodiment, in ST5, the amount of water added to the mixture A is 30% of the total weight of the crushed soil and the planting matrix (the maximum water holding capacity of the soil), the static culture environment temperature is 25±5° C., and the static culture time is 1 day.

[0045] In Example 2, there are 4 treatment groups (see Table 2 for details of the experimental treatment groups), and each treatment group has 3 identical parallel experiments. A 44-day outdoor water surface planting cup rice planting experiment was conducted to explore the effects of different ratios and the use of seedling strengthening agents on rice growth through data such as plant height, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight of rice seedlings.

[0046] Table 2 Experimental treatment groups The results show that if Figure 3 As shown, analysis Figure 3 The growth data of rice, from treatment group 1 to treatment group 4, the dosage of rice seedling agent increased from 0 to 0.3%, and its plant height, fresh weight, and dry weight data showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, reaching the highest at the dosage of 0.1% in treatment group 3. The plant height, fresh weight, and dry weight data of treatment group 3 increased by 11.76%, 46.16%, and 42.70% respectively compared with the blank treatment group 1. This is because the seedling agent contains trace amounts of zinc, which can participate in the synthesis of chlorophyll, thereby enhancing the photosynthesis capacity of rice, synthesizing more carbohydrates, and providing energy for the growth of rice, thereby promoting the growth of rice. Analysis of the rice root length data shows that with the increase in the dosage of the seedling agent, the root length of rice has begun to decline since treatment group 2 and has not changed, which is attributed to the excessive application of the seedling agent. Excessive zinc in the seedling-strengthening agent will break the nutrient balance in the soil and affect the absorption and utilization of other essential elements by rice; excessive zinc will inhibit the absorption of phosphorus by rice, but phosphorus is an important promoter of rice root development, which can enhance the absorption capacity of the root system; therefore, the root length of rice began to decrease after treatment group 2. Based on the above results, it can be determined that the 0.1% seedling-strengthening agent dosage of treatment group 3 is the optimal dosage.

[0047] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and range of equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0048] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A nutrient matrix for floating rice on water surface, characterized in that: It is made of the following components in proportion by mass: 80 parts of crushed soil and 20 parts of planting matrix. According to the total amount of crushed soil and planting matrix (100 parts), a seedling strengthening agent is applied, the dosage of the seedling strengthening agent is 0.1%, and base fertilizer is applied thereto, the base fertilizer includes compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, urea, and slow-release fertilizer.

2. The nutrient matrix for floating rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting matrix is ​​a special matrix for rice seedling cultivation, which is suitable for sowing and seedling cultivation of rice, Solanaceae, and leafy vegetables. The matrix is ​​loose, has good air permeability, and strong water holding capacity. The N+P2O5+K2O content is ≥3%, and the organic matter content is ≥35%.

3. The nutrient matrix for floating rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rice seedling strengthening agent is a special rice seedling strengthening agent, wherein N+P2O5+K2O≥20%, Zn≥0.2%, and has the functions of promoting root growth, promoting sprouting, and strengthening seedlings.

4. The nutrient matrix for floating rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dosage of the compound fertilizer is 0.05%, of which the total nutrients N+P2O5+K2O≥57%, and the proportions of N-P2O5-K2O are 19-19-19 respectively. It can supplement the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements required by plants, and has the functions of promoting plant rooting, growth, and improving plant resistance.

5. The nutrient matrix for floating rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dosage of the organic fertilizer is 2%, the organic matter content thereof is ≥25%, the total nutrients N+P2O5+K2O is ≥1.5%, and the pH is between 5.5-8.

5. It has the effect of improving soil structure and increasing soil fertility.

6. The nutrient matrix for floating rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: The urea is used in an amount of 0.007%, N≥46.4%, and has the effects of drought resistance and nitrogen supplementation.

7. The nutrient matrix for floating rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slow-release fertilizer is coated urea, the dosage of which is 0.07%, N≥37%, and can play a role in controlling nitrogen slow release.

8. A method for preparing a nutrient matrix for floating rice on water surface, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: ST1. Using a crushing device to crush the soil to obtain crushed soil; ST2. Weigh the crushed soil and planting matrix according to the nutrient matrix formula ratio; ST3. Determine the total weight of the crushed soil and the planting matrix, apply a seedling strengthening agent according to the total amount of the crushed soil and the planting matrix, and weigh the corresponding base fertilizer according to the nutrient matrix formula. The base fertilizer includes compound fertilizer, organic fertilizer, urea, and slow-release fertilizer; ST4, placing the above-mentioned crushed soil, planting matrix, seedling strengthening agent and fertilizer in a stirring device and mixing them evenly to obtain a mixture A; ST5. Add water to the mixture A and let it stand for culture to balance the nutrients in the matrix. Through the above operation, a nutrient matrix for floating rice on the water surface is obtained.

9. The method for preparing a nutrient medium for floating rice according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the ST5, the amount of water added to the mixture A is 30% of the total weight of the crushed soil and the planting matrix (the maximum water holding capacity of the soil), the static culture environment temperature is 25±5°C, and the static culture time is 1 day.

Images