A femoral stem prosthesis

Abstract

The present invention provides a femoral stem prosthesis, comprising: a stem body, a femoral neck, and a bone grafting groove; a rotating portion is provided at the top of the active bevel gear; the driven bevel gear is meshed with the aforementioned active bevel gear, and a first internal thread is also provided inside the driven bevel gear; a screw rod can slidably pass through the driven bevel gear; a first external thread is provided on the outer surface of the screw rod, a first protrusion is provided at one end of the screw rod, and a second external thread is provided on the first protrusion; a limiting device is provided between the active bevel gear and the driven bevel gear, for limiting the lateral movement of the screw rod; a second internal thread is provided inside the sleeve, the second internal thread is meshed with the second external thread on the first protrusion, a guard plate groove is provided at one end of the sleeve, the surface of the guard plate is covered with a plurality of hollow grooves, and a guard plate protrusion is provided at one end of the guard plate. The technical solution of the present application effectively solves the technical problem that soft tissue around the femoral stem cannot attach in the related technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, and in particular to a femoral stem prosthesis. Background Art

[0002] Femoral stem prosthesis is a commonly used implantable device in hip replacement surgery. Its main function is to replace the damaged or degenerated femoral part and restore the function of the hip joint. The prosthesis is designed as a long stem structure that can be implanted into the femoral medullary cavity to support the femoral head and femoral neck, and to carry and disperse the load of the hip joint.

[0003] Its structural components usually include: stem body: the main part of the femoral stem prosthesis, usually made of high-strength biocompatible materials (such as titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy). The stem body is designed to be implanted in the femoral medullary cavity and combined with the femur by mechanical or biological means (such as bone integration). The stem body usually has different shapes and sizes to adapt to the anatomical structure of different patients. Femoral neck: the part where the top of the femoral stem connects to the femoral head. The length and angle of the femoral neck have an important influence on the stability and range of motion of the prosthesis. The design of the femoral neck can be adjusted according to the patient's anatomical needs. Connecting cone to femoral head: The connecting part at the top of the femoral stem is connected to the femoral head by taper fit or other mechanical connection methods. A standardized taper design is usually used to ensure a reliable connection between the femoral head and the prosthesis.

[0004] Femoral stem prostheses can usually be divided into the following categories according to different fixation methods, shapes and materials: Classification by fixation method:

[0005] Cemented prosthesis: The prosthesis is fixed in the femoral medullary cavity by bone cement, and is commonly used in patients with osteoporosis. Cementless prosthesis: The coating or design of the prosthesis surface (such as rough surface or coating with hydroxyapatite) promotes bone integration, and is suitable for patients with good bone density. Hybrid prosthesis: Combining cement and cementless methods, different fixation methods are adopted in different parts.

[0006] Classification by handle shape: Straight handle: Suitable for patients with standard anatomical structure. Curved handle: Suitable for patients with special femoral morphology or deformity. Short handle: Suitable for minimally invasive surgery, prosthesis that retains more bone tissue. Classification by material: Titanium alloy: Has good biocompatibility and high strength, and is the most commonly used material. Cobalt-chromium alloy: Higher strength, superior wear resistance, but higher cost. Stainless steel: Moderately priced, but slightly inferior in biocompatibility and strength.

[0007] At present, the design of most femoral stems is mainly based on the principles of mechanics and materials science, focusing on solving the stability problem of the femoral stem, that is, ensuring the mechanical balance of the hard tissue. However, existing designs usually do not fully consider the factors of soft tissue. After the femoral stem is implanted, the surrounding ligaments and soft tissues may lose their original attachment points. To solve this problem, the existing technology usually sets holes on the handle body of the femoral stem and fixes the soft tissue to the prosthesis by winding steel wire. However, this fixation method not only requires additional operating steps, but the use of steel wire may cause varying degrees of damage to the soft tissue. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a femoral stem prosthesis to solve the technical problem that the surrounding soft tissues such as muscles and ligaments cannot be attached to the femoral stem prosthesis.

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a femoral stem prosthesis, which specifically includes: a stem body, a femoral neck, a bone grafting groove is arranged on the surface of the stem body; an active bevel gear, a rotating portion is arranged on the top of the active bevel gear; a driven bevel gear, the driven bevel gear is meshed with the aforementioned active bevel gear, and a first internal thread is also arranged inside the driven bevel gear; a screw rod, the screw rod can slidably pass through the driven bevel gear; a first external thread is arranged on the outer surface of the screw rod, which is meshed with the first internal thread of the driven bevel gear; a first protrusion is arranged at one end of the screw rod, and a first protrusion is arranged on the first protrusion A second external thread is provided; a limit device, which is arranged between the active bevel gear and the driven bevel gear, and is used to limit the lateral movement of the screw rod; a sleeve, the sleeve is a hollow cylinder, and a second internal thread is provided inside it, and the second internal thread is meshed with the second external thread on the first protrusion, and a guard plate groove is provided at one end of the sleeve, and a third thread is provided at one end of the sleeve; a guard plate, the surface of the guard plate is covered with a plurality of hollow grooves, and a guard plate protrusion is provided at one end of the guard plate, and a thread is provided on the guard plate protrusion, and the thread is meshed with the third thread.

[0010] Furthermore, the limit device includes a limit groove, a limit column, and a limit ball. The limit ball is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the limit column, and the limit column is fixedly arranged on the active bevel gear; the limit groove is a spherical groove structure, which is arranged on the screw rod; the limit device has two functions, one is to prevent the screw rod from excessively moving in the horizontal direction, and the other is to prevent the screw rod from rotating, thereby ensuring that the screw rod can move in the horizontal direction when the driven bevel gear rotates.

[0011] Furthermore, the guard plate is made of titanium alloy, and the hollow grooves on the plurality of guard plates are evenly distributed, thereby reducing the hardness of the guard plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the first protrusion on the screw rod is configured to be in a spike shape.

[0013] Furthermore, the interior of the plate stores growth factors, nutrients and anti-inflammatory drugs that promote muscle tissue repair while avoiding infection and inflammation.

[0014] Furthermore, the active bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are both made of wear-resistant ceramic material.

[0015] Furthermore, a buffer gasket is arranged in the guard plate groove of the sleeve, and the buffer gasket is made of silicone and is used for shock absorption and improving the connection reliability of the guard plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the surface of the rotating part is provided with marking scales for indicating the adjusted position of the guard plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the surface of the femoral stem in contact with the autologous bone is provided with a trabecular structure, and a hydroxyapatite coating is sprayed on the surface of the trabecular structure.

[0018] According to the technical solution of the present invention, a bone implantation groove is provided on the surface of the handle body; a rotating part is provided on the top of the active bevel gear; the driven bevel gear is meshed with the aforementioned active bevel gear, and a first internal thread is also provided inside the driven bevel gear; the screw rod can slidably pass through the driven bevel gear; the outer surface of the screw rod is provided with a first external thread, which is meshed with the first internal thread of the driven bevel gear; a first protrusion is provided at one end of the screw rod, and a second external thread is provided on the first protrusion; a limit device is provided between the active bevel gear and the driven bevel gear to limit the lateral movement of the screw rod; the sleeve is a hollow cylinder, and a second internal thread is provided inside thereof, and the second internal thread is meshed with the second external thread on the first protrusion, a guard plate groove is provided at one end of the sleeve, and the surface of the guard plate is covered with a plurality of hollow grooves, a guard plate protrusion is provided at one end of the guard plate, and a thread is provided on the guard plate protrusion, and the thread is meshed with the third thread on the sleeve. By rotating the rotating part, the active bevel gear drives the driven bevel gear to rotate, and then the screw moves to the outside of the bone to pierce the femur, and then the sleeve is used to fix the guard plate and the screw rod, and the rotating part is continued to rotate to adjust the position of the guard plate, so that the muscle tissue and nerves can be better attached to the guard plate. In order to further improve the stability of the femoral stem prosthesis, a limit device is set to prevent the guard plate from moving too far to cause damage to the human body, and growth factors and anti-inflammatory drugs are added to the inside of the guard plate to promote muscle tissue repair, while avoiding infection and inflammation. In order to adapt to different human body conditions and different levels of patients, the guard plate is set as a net composed of multiple hollow grooves, and the doctor can easily pinch the guard plate into the required shape so that the muscles and nerves can be better attached to the guard plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 An orthoaxial view of the femoral stem prosthesis is shown;

[0021] Figure 2 The internal structure of the femoral stem prosthesis is shown;

[0022] Figure 3 The front view and the cross-sectional view of the screw rod and the limit device are shown;

[0023] Figure 4 A structural diagram of the guard plate is shown;

[0024] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following drawing marks: 10, handle body; 101, bone grafting groove; 102, femoral neck; 20, guard plate; 201, hollow groove; 202, guard plate protrusion; 30, limiting device; 301, limiting groove; 302, limiting column; 303, limiting ball; 40, screw rod; 401, first external thread; 402, first protrusion; 403, second external thread; 50, sleeve; 501, guard plate groove; 502, third thread; 60, driven bevel gear; 70, active bevel gear; 701, rotating part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0027] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown: a femoral stem prosthesis, including a femoral stem body 10, a bone grafting groove 101 is arranged on the surface of the stem body, a femoral neck 102 is arranged at one end of the stem body for fixing the acetabular cup, and a guard plate 20 is arranged on the outside of the femoral stem, and a hollow groove 201 is arranged on the outer surface of the guard plate. The function of the guard plate is to attach the surrounding muscles and nerves to the prosthesis to ensure the balance of the soft tissue.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, a femoral stem prosthesis also includes an active bevel gear 70, a rotating portion 701 is provided on the top of the active bevel gear; a driven bevel gear 60, the driven bevel gear 60 is meshed with the active bevel gear 70, and a first internal thread is also provided inside the driven bevel gear 60; a screw rod 40, the screw rod can slide through the driven bevel gear 60; the outer surface of the screw rod is provided with a first external thread 401, which is meshed with the first internal thread of the driven bevel gear; one end of the screw rod 40 is provided with a first protrusion 402, a second external thread 403 is arranged on the first protrusion 402; a limiting device 30, the limiting device is arranged between the active bevel gear and the driven bevel gear, and is used to limit the lateral movement of the screw rod; the limiting device includes a limiting groove 301, a limiting column 302, and a limiting ball 303, the limiting ball 303 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the limiting column 302, and the limiting column 302 is fixedly arranged on the active bevel gear 70; the limiting groove 301 is a spherical groove structure, and is arranged on the screw rod 40. The sleeve 50, the sleeve is a hollow cylinder, and a second internal thread is arranged inside it, and the second internal thread is meshed with the second external thread 403 on the first protrusion 402, and one end of the sleeve 50 is provided with a guard plate groove 501, and the guard plate 20, the surface of the guard plate is covered with a plurality of hollow grooves 201, and one end of the guard plate is provided with a guard plate protrusion 202, and the guard plate protrusion is provided with a thread, and the thread is meshed with the third thread 502 on the sleeve.

[0030] When in use, the guard plate and the sleeve are first separated, and the femoral stem prosthesis is implanted. Then the rotating part 701 is rotated. Under the action of the rotating part, the active bevel gear 70 rotates with the driven bevel gear 60. Since the first external thread on the screw rod 40 is engaged with the first internal thread of the driven bevel gear 60, and under the action of the limiting device 30, the screw rod 40 will move toward the outside of the femur, and the first protrusion 402 on the screw rod will push the femur open. Then the sleeve 50 is rotated and fixed through the second external thread on the first protrusion 402 and the second internal thread of the sleeve. At this time, the guard plate is implanted, and the external thread on the guard plate protrusion and the third thread are rotated to fix the guard plate on the sleeve. After tightening, continue to rotate the rotating part 701 to adjust the position of the guard plate so that it is close to the muscles and nerves on the femoral side.

[0031] In order to further ensure that the guard plate can be well attached to the muscle group and nerves on the femoral side, a plurality of hollow grooves 201 are arranged on the guard plate, which is made of titanium alloy, and the hollow grooves on the plurality of guard plates are evenly distributed. On the one hand, the weight of the guard plate is reduced, and on the other hand, the doctor can adjust the shape of the guard plate according to the needs of the patient to make the guard plate close to the muscle. At the same time, growth factors and femoral muscle growth substances are arranged inside the guard plate to attract bones and muscles to grow inside the guard plate.

[0032] In order to further provide stability for the prosthesis, the first protrusion 402 on the screw rod can be set to a spike shape. To ensure that the first protrusion 402 can easily pierce the femur while the screw rod moves, and then the sleeve and the guard plate are installed on the femoral stem. The active bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are both made of wear-resistant ceramic materials. A buffer gasket is arranged in the groove of the guard plate of the sleeve, and the buffer gasket is made of silicone to reduce shock and improve the connection reliability of the guard plate. The surface of the femoral stem that contacts the autologous bone is provided with a trabecular structure, and a hydroxyapatite coating is sprayed on the surface of the trabecular structure. It can achieve a better bone fusion effect.

[0033] At the same time, in order to ensure the accuracy of the femoral stem prosthesis, a marking scale is set on the surface of the rotating part, which can judge the distance between the guard plate and the femoral side.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0035] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" may include both "above" and "below". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0036] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A femoral stem prosthesis, characterized in that: include: A handle body and a femoral neck, wherein a bone grafting groove is provided on the surface of the handle body; An active bevel gear, wherein a rotating portion is provided on the top of the active bevel gear; A driven bevel gear, the driven bevel gear is meshed with the aforementioned driving bevel gear, and a first internal thread is also provided inside the driven bevel gear; A screw rod, the screw rod can slide through the driven bevel gear; the outer surface of the screw rod is provided with a first external thread, which is meshed with the first internal thread of the driven bevel gear; one end of the screw rod is provided with a first protrusion, and the first protrusion is provided with a second external thread; A limiting device, which is arranged between the active bevel gear and the driven bevel gear and is used to limit the lateral movement of the screw rod; A sleeve, wherein the sleeve is a hollow cylinder, and a second internal thread is arranged inside the sleeve, and the second internal thread is meshed with the second external thread on the first protrusion, a guard plate groove is arranged at one end of the sleeve, and a third thread is arranged at one end of the sleeve; A guard plate, the surface of which is covered with a plurality of hollow grooves, a guard plate protrusion is provided at one end of the guard plate, a thread is provided on the guard plate protrusion, and the thread is meshed with a third thread.

2. The femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting device comprises a limiting groove, a limiting column and a limiting ball. The limiting ball is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the limiting column, and the limiting column is fixedly arranged on the active bevel gear. The limiting groove is a spherical groove structure and is arranged on the screw rod.

3. The femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guard plates are made of titanium alloy, and the hollow grooves on the multiple guard plates are evenly distributed, thereby reducing the hardness of the guard plates.

4. The femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first protrusion on the screw rod is configured to be in a spike shape.

5. The femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inside of the shield stores growth factors, nutrients and anti-inflammatory drugs.

6. The femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are both made of wear-resistant ceramic material.

7. The femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer gasket is arranged in the guard plate groove of the sleeve. The buffer gasket is made of silicone and is used for shock absorption and improving the connection reliability of the guard plate.

8. The femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the rotating part is provided with marking scales.

9. The femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the femoral stem that contacts the autologous bone is provided with a trabecular structure, and a hydroxyapatite coating is sprayed on the surface of the trabecular structure.

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