Cerebrospinal fluid drainage equipment and drainage method

Abstract

The invention provides a cerebrospinal fluid drainage device and drainage method.The drainage device is provided with a drainage mechanism and a monitoring mechanism, the drainage mechanism is provided with a drainage tube, the drainage tube is provided with a dropping bottle, and spherical liquid drops are generated in the dropping bottle; the monitoring mechanism is provided with a volume measurer and a timer; the volume measurer is arranged on the side surface of the dropping bottle; the volume measurer is provided with a laser transmitter and a laser receiver, the laser transmitter and the laser receiver are arranged on the two sides of the dropping bottle, and the laser receiver is used for receiving optical signals transmitted by the laser transmitter; the laser emitter emits a first light ray and a second light ray, the first light ray is arranged above the second light ray, and the first light ray and the second light ray are both arranged under the liquid drop; the drainage method comprises the following steps of: counting liquid drops: recording the number of the liquid drops generated in the dropping bottle by adopting the counter, and numbering and recording in sequence; liquid drop volume measurement: measuring and recording the volume of each liquid drop by adopting a volume measurer; timing: recording the time t generated by the liquid drops by adopting a timer; counting: counting the total drop number N of the generated liquid drops, and counting the total volume V of the generated liquid drops; and calculating: calculating the frequency f of generating the liquid drops by utilizing a formula f = N / t, and calculating the discharge speed v of the cerebrospinal fluid by utilizing a formula v = V / t.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cerebrospinal fluid drainage, and more specifically, to a cerebrospinal fluid drainage device and a drainage method. Background Art

[0002] When the patient's head is injured internally or externally, the injured tissue inside the brain will leak fluid or bleed, causing increased intracranial pressure and a series of serious consequences. Clinically, surgical drainage must be performed outside the brain or outside the lesion to relieve symptoms, reduce intracranial pressure, and provide treatment.

[0003] The drainage device is usually composed of a drip bucket, a fluid storage bag, a drainage tube, and a flow regulator. The drainage tube is inserted into the intracranial fluid accumulation site, and the fluid is drained into the drip bucket through the catheter, and then discharged into the fluid storage bag. The drainage speed is controlled by the flow regulator.

[0004] The existing drainage equipment and monitors have the following main problems: During the drainage process, the frequency of droplet generation is calculated mainly by measuring the number of droplets and the time of generation, and the volume of each droplet is assumed to be the same. The discharge rate of cerebrospinal fluid is calculated. As the pressure and caliber in the drainage tube change, the volume of the droplets will change, resulting in inaccurate calculation of the cerebrospinal fluid discharge rate, which affects the patient's feelings and may bring risks to the patient. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a cerebrospinal fluid drainage device and a drainage method. The technical solution adopted in this application is:

[0006] A cerebrospinal fluid drainage device is provided with a drainage mechanism and a monitoring mechanism. The drainage mechanism is provided with a drainage tube, and a dropper is provided on the drainage tube, and spherical droplets are generated in the dropper; the monitoring mechanism is provided with a volume meter and a timer, and the volume meter is arranged on the side of the dropper; the volume meter is provided with a laser transmitter and a laser receiver, and the laser transmitter and the laser receiver are arranged on both sides of the dropper, and the laser receiver is used to receive the optical signal emitted by the laser transmitter; the laser transmitter emits a first light and a second light, and the first light is arranged above the second light, and the first light and the second light are both arranged directly below the dropper.

[0007] Preferably, the dropper bottle is arranged vertically, and the first light and the second light are both arranged along the horizontal direction.

[0008] Preferably, the first light ray and the second light ray are parallel to each other.

[0009] Preferably, the drainage mechanism is further provided with a flow regulator and a speed controller, the flow regulator is arranged on the drainage tube, and the speed controller is used to control the flow regulator; the flow regulator is arranged above the dropper bottle.

[0010] Preferably, the flow regulator is provided with an adjusting clamp and a driving mechanism, the adjusting clamp is provided with a movable first clamping plate and a second clamping plate, the driving mechanism is used to adjust the distance between the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate; the drainage tube is provided between the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate.

[0011] Preferably, the driving mechanism is provided with a stepping motor, and the stepping motor drives the first clamping plate to approach and move away from the second clamping plate; the second clamping plate is abutted against the side of the drainage tube.

[0012] Preferably, the drainage mechanism is further provided with an exhaust pipe and an air filter, the air filter is arranged in the exhaust pipe; the exhaust pipe is arranged at the upper part of the dropper bottle and is connected to the dropper bottle, and an exhaust port is arranged at the outer end of the exhaust pipe.

[0013] Preferably, a monitor, a pressure sensor and a three-way valve are also provided. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the monitor and is arranged at one interface of the three-way valve; the three-way valve is arranged on the drainage tube.

[0014] A cerebrospinal fluid drainage method, using the cerebrospinal fluid drainage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:

[0015] Droplet counting: record the number of droplets produced in the dropper bottle and number them in sequence;

[0016] Droplet volume measurement: Use a volume meter to measure the volume of each droplet and record it;

[0017] Timing: Use a timer to record the time t when the droplets are generated;

[0018] Statistics: Count the total number of droplets N and the total volume V of droplets generated;

[0019] Calculation: The frequency f of droplet generation is calculated using the formula f=N / t, and the discharge velocity v of cerebrospinal fluid is calculated using the formula v=V / t.

[0020] Preferably, the method further comprises the step of flow rate adjustment: adjusting the flow rate of the droplets flowing into the dropper bottle by adjusting the diameter of the drainage tube.

[0021] Preferably, the method further comprises the step of pressure monitoring: monitoring the pressure in the drainage tube by means of a pressure sensor.

[0022] Preferably, the working steps of the volume meter are as follows: recording the time t1 for the droplet to completely pass through the first light beam, the time t2 for the droplet to completely pass through the second light beam, the time between the droplet just reaching the first light beam and just reaching the second light beam is T, and the vertical distance between the first light beam and the second light beam is h; the average velocity v1 of the droplet between the first light beam and the second light beam can be calculated by the formula v1=h / T, and the initial velocity v2 of the droplet just reaching the second light beam can be calculated by using v2=v1+(1 / 2)gT, and the diameter d of the droplet is calculated according to d=v2t2+(1 / 2)gt22. The droplet is spherical, and the volume formula of a sphere is V=(4 / 3)π*(d / 2) 3 , calculate the volume V of the droplet; where g is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0023] The advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] The counter monitors and records the number of drops produced in the dropper bottle, and the volume meter measures and records the volume of each drop; the total number of drops N produced, the total volume V of the drops produced, the frequency f of drop production and the discharge speed v of cerebrospinal fluid are calculated, and the discharge volume of cerebrospinal fluid is accurately calculated;

[0025] By comparing the calculated cerebrospinal fluid discharge volume with the cerebrospinal fluid volume that needs to be discharged, it is determined whether the current cerebrospinal fluid discharge speed v is appropriate. If the cerebrospinal fluid discharge speed v is too fast or too slow, the flow rate of the cerebrospinal fluid in the drainage tube can be adjusted by controlling the flow regulator with the speed controller; if the cerebrospinal fluid discharge speed v is too fast, the flow rate of the cerebrospinal fluid in the drainage tube is slowed down; if the flow rate of the cerebrospinal fluid in the drainage tube is too slow, the flow rate of the cerebrospinal fluid in the drainage tube is accelerated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained like these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a drainage device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a diagram of the working principle of the monitoring agency.

[0029] Explanation of symbols in the figure:

[0030] 1 is a drainage mechanism, 11 is a drainage tube, 111 is a dropper bottle, 12 is an exhaust pipe, 121 is an exhaust port, and 13 is an air filter;

[0031] 2 is a monitoring mechanism, 21 is a counter, 22 is a volume measuring device, 221 is a laser transmitter, 2211 is a first transmitter, 2212 is a second transmitter, 222 is a laser receiver, 2221 is a first receiver, 2222 is a second receiver, 223 is a first light, 224 is a second light, 23 is a flow regulator, 231 is an adjustment clamp, 2311 is a first clamping plate, 2312 is a second clamping plate, 24 is a speed controller, and 25 is a timer;

[0032] 3 is a monitor, 31 is a pressure sensor, and 32 is a three-way valve;

[0033] 4 is a droplet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0035] The cerebrospinal fluid drainage device and drainage method provided in the embodiment of the present application are now described. Figure 1 As shown:

[0036] A cerebrospinal fluid drainage device is provided with a drainage mechanism 1 and a monitoring mechanism 2. The drainage mechanism 1 is used to drain excess cerebrospinal fluid, and the monitoring mechanism 2 is used to monitor the amount of discharged fluid to ensure that the volume and speed of the cerebrospinal fluid discharged by the drainage mechanism 1 are moderate.

[0037] The drainage mechanism 1 is provided with a drainage tube 11, on which a dropper bottle 111 is provided, and spherical droplets 4 are generated in the dropper bottle 111; the monitoring mechanism 2 is provided with a counter 21, a volume meter 22 and a timer 25, the counter 21 and the volume meter 22 are both arranged on the side of the dropper bottle 111, and the counter 21 is arranged above the volume meter 22; the volume meter 22 is provided with a laser transmitter 221 and a laser receiver 222, the laser transmitter 221 and the laser receiver 222 are arranged on both sides of the dropper bottle 111, and the laser receiver 222 is used to receive the optical signal emitted by the laser transmitter 221.

[0038] The counter 21 monitors and records the number of droplets generated in the dropper bottle 111, the volume meter 22 measures and records the volume of each droplet, and the timer 25 is used to record the time; the total number of droplets N generated is counted, the total volume V of the droplets generated is counted, and the frequency f of droplet generation is calculated using the formula f=N / t, and the discharge speed v of cerebrospinal fluid is calculated using the formula v=V / t; the accurate frequency f of droplet generation and the discharge speed v of cerebrospinal fluid are obtained, and then the accurate cerebrospinal fluid discharge amount is calculated.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the laser transmitter 221 is provided with a first transmitter 2211 and a second transmitter 2212, the first transmitter 2211 is provided above the second transmitter 2212, the first transmitter 2211 transmits a first light ray 223, and the second transmitter 2212 transmits a second light ray 224; the laser receiver 222 is provided with a first receiver 2221 and a second receiver 2222; the first receiver 2221 receives the first light ray 223, and the second receiver 2222 receives the second light ray 224. When the droplet 4 passes through the first light ray 223, the first light ray 223 will be refracted; when the droplet 4 passes through the second light ray 224, the second light ray 224 will be refracted; the first receiver 2221 and the second receiver 2222 are both fan-shapedly distributed, which can ensure the receiving effect of the optical signal.

[0040] In this embodiment, the first light 223 and the second light 224 are both arranged in the horizontal direction and are parallel to each other, and the distance between the first light 223 and the second light 224 is equal to the vertical distance between the first light 223 and the second light 224, which is convenient for measuring the vertical distance between the first light 223 and the second light 224, and also convenient for installing the laser transmitter 221 and the laser receiver 222. Among them, it is ensured that the first light 223 and the second light 224 are not along the vertical direction, and both can meet the measurement requirements.

[0041] The working principle of the volume measuring device 22 is: record the time t1 when the droplet 4 completely passes through the first light 223, the time t2 when the droplet 4 completely passes through the second light 224, the time between the droplet 4 just reaching the first light 223 and just reaching the second light 224 is T, and the vertical distance between the first light 223 and the second light 224 is h;

[0042] The average velocity v1 of the droplet 4 between the first light 223 and the second light 224 can be calculated by the formula v1=h / T. The initial velocity v2 of the droplet 4 just reaching the second light 224 can be calculated by v2=v1+(1 / 2)gT. The diameter d of the droplet 4 can be calculated by d=v2t2+(1 / 2)gt22. The droplet 4 is spherical in shape. The volume formula of a sphere is V=(4 / 3)π*(d / 2). 3 , the volume V of the droplet 4 is calculated; where g is the acceleration due to gravity, which is generally taken as 9.8 (m / s 2 ).

[0043] The counter 21 is achieved by the cooperation between the first transmitter 2211 and the first receiver 2221. Each time the droplet 4 passes between the first transmitter 2211 and the first receiver 2221, it blocks the first light 223. Each time the first light 223 is blocked, the number of droplets 4 is recorded. The first transmitter 2211 and the first receiver 2221 are used to measure the volume of the droplets 4 and to record the number of droplets 4.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the drainage mechanism 2 is also provided with a flow regulator 23 and a speed controller 24 . The flow regulator 23 is arranged on the drainage tube 11 , and the speed controller 24 is used to control the flow regulator 23 . The flow regulator 23 is arranged above the dropper bottle 111 .

[0045] The flow regulator 23 is provided with an adjusting clamp 231 and a driving mechanism. The adjusting clamp 231 is provided with a movable first clamping plate 2311 and a second clamping plate 2312. The driving mechanism is used to adjust the distance between the first clamping plate 2311 and the second clamping plate 2312. The drainage tube 11 is arranged between the first clamping plate 2311 and the second clamping plate 2312.

[0046] The driving mechanism is used to adjust the distance between the first splint 2311 and the second splint 2312. The distance between the first splint 2311 and the second splint 2312 can be reduced or increased; when the distance between the first splint 2311 and the second splint 2312 is reduced, the drainage tube 11 is flattened, the diameter of the drainage tube 11 is reduced, and the flow rate of cerebrospinal fluid in the drainage tube 11 is slowed down; when the distance between the first splint 2311 and the second splint 2312 is increased, the diameter of the drainage tube 11 is enlarged, and the flow rate of cerebrospinal fluid in the drainage tube 11 is accelerated.

[0047] The driving mechanism is provided with a stepping motor, and the stepping motor drives the first clamping plate 2311 to approach or move away from the second clamping plate 2312 ; the second clamping plate 2312 is pressed against the side surface of the drainage tube 11 .

[0048] The drainage mechanism 1 is also provided with an exhaust pipe 12 and an air filter 13. The air filter 13 is arranged in the exhaust pipe 12. The exhaust pipe 12 is arranged on the upper part of the dropper bottle 111 and is connected to the dropper bottle 111. The outer end of the exhaust pipe 12 is provided with an exhaust port 121.

[0049] The exhaust pipe 161 and the exhaust port 1611 are used to keep the gas above the drainage bottle 16 connected to the atmosphere. The gas above the liquid surface of the drainage bottle 16 maintains atmospheric pressure. The intracranial pressure is higher than the external atmospheric pressure, and the cerebrospinal fluid is discharged naturally without the assistance of external pressure such as peristalsis and pneumatics. As the intracranial pressure decreases, the discharge rate of cerebrospinal fluid will gradually decrease, which can reduce noise and improve the patient experience.

[0050] A monitor 3 , a pressure sensor 31 and a three-way valve 32 are also provided. The pressure sensor 31 is electrically connected to the monitor 3 and is provided at one interface of the three-way valve 32 . The three-way valve 32 is provided on the drainage tube 11 .

[0051] The state of the three-way valve 32 is adjusted to stop the cerebrospinal fluid in the drainage tube 11 from flowing. The pressure sensor 31 is connected to the cerebrospinal fluid in the skull. The pressure sensor 31 monitors the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid in the skull and generates a pressure signal and transmits it to the monitor 3. The monitor 3 can accurately monitor and display the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid in the skull, and determine whether the speed and amount of cerebrospinal fluid discharge are appropriate based on the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid in the skull.

[0052] A cerebrospinal fluid drainage method, comprising the following specific steps:

[0053] Droplet counting: using a counter 21 to record the number of droplets generated in the dropper bottle 111 and numbering and recording them in sequence;

[0054] Droplet volume measurement: The volume of each droplet is measured and recorded using a volume measuring device 22;

[0055] Timing: A timer 25 is used to record the time t when the droplets are generated;

[0056] Statistics: Count the total number of droplets N and the total volume V of droplets generated;

[0057] Calculation: The frequency f of droplet generation is calculated using the formula f=N / t, and the discharge velocity v of cerebrospinal fluid is calculated using the formula v=V / t.

[0058] By comparing the calculated cerebrospinal fluid discharge volume with the cerebrospinal fluid volume that needs to be discharged, it is determined whether the current cerebrospinal fluid discharge rate v is appropriate.

[0059] The method also includes the steps of flow rate regulation: adjusting the flow rate of the droplets flowing into the dropper bottle 111 by adjusting the diameter of the drainage tube 11; if the discharge speed v of the cerebrospinal fluid is too fast or too slow, the flow rate of the cerebrospinal fluid in the drainage tube 11 can be adjusted by controlling the flow regulator 23 by the speed controller 24; if the discharge speed v of the cerebrospinal fluid is too fast, the flow rate of the cerebrospinal fluid in the drainage tube 11 is slowed down; if the flow rate of the cerebrospinal fluid in the drainage tube 11 is too slow, the flow rate of the cerebrospinal fluid in the drainage tube 11 is accelerated.

[0060] The method further includes the step of pressure monitoring: monitoring the pressure in the drainage tube 11 by means of a pressure sensor 31, and further monitoring the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid.

[0061] The pressure sensor 31 monitors the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid in the skull and generates a pressure signal and transmits it to the monitor 3. The monitor 3 can accurately monitor and display the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid in the skull, and determine whether the speed and amount of cerebrospinal fluid discharge are appropriate based on the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid in the skull.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cerebrospinal fluid drainage device, comprising a drainage mechanism and a monitoring mechanism, wherein the drainage mechanism is provided with a drainage tube, the drainage tube is provided with a dropper, and spherical droplets are produced in the dropper; the monitoring mechanism is provided with a volume meter and a timer, the volume meter is provided on the side of the dropper, and is characterized in that: The volume measuring device is provided with a laser transmitter and a laser receiver, wherein the laser transmitter and the laser receiver are arranged on both sides of the dropper bottle, and the laser receiver is used to receive the optical signal emitted by the laser transmitter; the laser transmitter emits a first light beam and a second light beam, wherein the first light beam is arranged above the second light beam, and both the first light beam and the second light beam are arranged directly below the droplet.

2. The cerebrospinal fluid drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dropper bottle is arranged vertically, and the first light and the second light are arranged along the horizontal direction.

3. The cerebrospinal fluid drainage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first light ray and the second light ray are parallel to each other.

4. The cerebrospinal fluid drainage device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The drainage mechanism is also provided with a flow regulator and a speed controller. The flow regulator is arranged on the drainage tube, and the speed controller is used to control the flow regulator. The flow regulator is arranged above the dropper bottle.

5. The cerebrospinal fluid drainage device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The drainage mechanism is also provided with an exhaust pipe and an air filter, wherein the air filter is arranged in the exhaust pipe; the exhaust pipe is arranged on the upper part of the dropper bottle and communicated with the dropper bottle, and an exhaust port is arranged at the outer end of the exhaust pipe.

6. The cerebrospinal fluid drainage device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A monitor, a pressure sensor and a three-way valve are also provided. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the monitor and is arranged at an interface of the three-way valve. The three-way valve is arranged on the drainage tube.

7. A method for cerebrospinal fluid drainage, using the cerebrospinal fluid drainage device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Including steps, Droplet counting: record the number of droplets produced in the dropper bottle and record them in sequence; Droplet volume measurement: using the volume measuring device to measure the volume of each droplet and record it; Timing: using the timer to record the time t when the droplets are generated; Statistics: Count the total number of droplets N and the total volume V of droplets generated; Calculation: The frequency f of droplet generation is calculated using the formula f=N / t, and the discharge velocity v of cerebrospinal fluid is calculated using the formula v=V / t.

8. The cerebrospinal fluid drainage method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method also includes the step of flow rate adjustment: adjusting the flow rate of the droplets flowing into the dropper bottle by adjusting the diameter of the drainage tube.

9. The cerebrospinal fluid drainage method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method further comprises the step of pressure monitoring: monitoring the pressure in the drainage tube by means of a pressure sensor.

10. The cerebrospinal fluid drainage method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The working steps of the volume measuring device are as follows: recording the time t1 when the droplet completely passes through the first light beam, the time t2 when the droplet completely passes through the second light beam, the time between the droplet just reaching the first light beam and just reaching the second light beam is T, and the vertical distance between the first light beam and the second light beam is h; the average velocity v1 of the droplet between the first light beam and the second light beam can be calculated by the formula v1=h / T, and the initial velocity v2 of the droplet just reaching the second light beam can be calculated by using v2=v1+(1 / 2)gT, and the diameter d of the droplet is calculated according to d=v2t2+(1 / 2)gt22. The droplet is spherical, and the volume formula of a sphere is V=(4 / 3)π*(d / 2) 3 , calculate the volume V of the droplet; where g is the acceleration due to gravity.

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