A plate column for high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer

Abstract

The present invention discloses a plate column for high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer, which comprises a column body. An air outlet pipe and a discharging pipe are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the column body. A feed pipe is arranged in the middle of the circumferential outer wall of the column body. An air inlet pipe is arranged on the outer wall of one side close to the bottom of the column body, and a reflux pipe is arranged on the outer wall of one side close to the top of the column body. A mass transfer assembly is arranged inside the column body, and the mass transfer assemblies are equidistantly distributed inside the column body. The mass transfer assembly comprises a tray arranged inside the column body. In the present invention, gas-liquid staged contact heat transfer and mass transfer between materials can be realized, meeting the separation requirements of people for different materials. After the gas phase rotates the dispersing tablets by contacting the first arc-shaped plate, the gas phase will rise along the outer wall of the second arc-shaped plate, so that a good guiding effect can be exerted on the gas phase, enabling the gas phase to fully contact and transfer mass with the liquid phase sliding down along the inner wall of the adjusting cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plate columns, and more specifically, to a plate column for high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer. Background Art

[0002] A plate column is a type of staged contact mass transfer equipment for gas-liquid or liquid-liquid systems, consisting of a cylindrical tower body and a number of trays horizontally installed in the tower at a certain spacing. It is widely used in rectification and absorption, and some types (such as sieve plate columns) are also used for extraction and can also be used as a reactor for gas-liquid phase reaction processes. During operation (taking the gas-liquid system as an example), the liquid flows downwards through each tray in turn under the action of gravity and is discharged at the bottom of the tower; the gas is pushed by the pressure difference and passes through each tray from bottom to top in turn and is discharged at the top of the tower. A certain depth of liquid layer is maintained on each tray, and the gas is dispersed into the liquid layer through the tray for interphase contact mass transfer.

[0003] Currently, the liquid layer thickness on the tray in the existing plate column is determined by the height of the outlet weir, and the gas passes through the openings on the tray from bottom to top, enters and passes through the liquid layer on the plate to achieve heat transfer or mass transfer. In this traditional plate column, especially when the gas phase load is low, the contact area between the gas-liquid two phases is small, and at the same time, the contact time between the gas-liquid two phases is also relatively short, resulting in relatively low heat transfer and mass transfer efficiency and speed of the gas-liquid two phases, which cannot meet the rectification separation requirements for different materials. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a plate column for high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems in the related art, the present invention provides a plate column for high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer to overcome the above technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows:

[0006] A plate column for high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer includes a tower body, an air outlet pipe and a discharge pipe are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the tower body, and a feed pipe is arranged in the middle of the circumferential outer wall of the tower body;

[0007] An air inlet pipe is arranged on one side outer wall near the bottom of the tower body;

[0008] A reflux pipe is arranged on one side outer wall near the top of the tower body;

[0009] A mass transfer component is arranged inside the tower body, and the mass transfer components are equidistantly distributed inside the tower body;

[0010] The mass transfer component includes a tray arranged inside the tower body, the top outer wall of the tray is provided with sieve holes equidistantly distributed in a circular shape, and an overflow plate is fixedly connected to one side outer wall of the tray;

[0011] The top cross-section of the overflow plate is in a fan-shaped structure;

[0012] The overflow plate includes a vertical plate portion and an inclined plate portion. The vertical plate portion is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the tray, and the bottom end of the inclined plate portion is in contact with the outer wall of the top of the other tray;

[0013] A flow guiding component is arranged on one side of the inclined plate portion;

[0014] The top of the tray is provided with a floating valve component distributed at equal intervals.

[0015] Further, the flow guiding component includes a flow guiding groove opened on the outer wall of one side of the inclined plate portion of the overflow plate. The cross-section of the flow guiding groove is in a water droplet shape, and the inner diameter of the flow guiding groove gradually increases from top to bottom. The outer wall of the inclined plate portion is provided with inclined grooves and first circular grooves distributed at equal intervals. The first circular grooves and the inclined grooves are both communicated with the flow guiding groove. A rectangular groove is opened on the side of the inclined plate portion away from the inclined grooves and the first circular grooves.

[0016] Further, arc-shaped grooves are opened on the bottom outer wall of the inclined plate portion at equal intervals. One group of the arc-shaped grooves is located in the middle of two groups of the flow guiding grooves.

[0017] Further, a dispersion plate is fixedly connected to the circumferential inner wall of the arc-shaped groove, and the dispersion plate is distributed in an equal-distance arc on the circumferential inner wall of the arc-shaped groove.

[0018] Further, the floating valve component includes a mounting hole opened on the outer wall of the top of the tray. An adjusting cylinder is fixedly connected inside the mounting hole. The inner diameter of the adjusting cylinder gradually decreases from top to bottom. The cross-section of the adjusting cylinder is in an isosceles trapezoid shape. A floating plate is arranged inside the adjusting cylinder. A fixed column is arranged inside the adjusting cylinder. The floating plate is sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the fixed column. Through holes are opened on the circumferential outer wall of the adjusting cylinder and are distributed in an equal-distance circular shape.

[0019] Further, the through holes are inclined, and the inner diameter of the through holes gradually decreases in the direction away from the end of the adjusting cylinder.

[0020] Further, a fixed ring plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the tray, and the number of the fixed ring plates is three groups.

[0021] Further, a reinforcing plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the fixed ring plate. One end of the reinforcing plate away from the fixed ring plate is fixedly connected to a circular ring plate, and the circular ring plate is fixedly connected to the fixed column.

[0022] Furthermore, a dispersing plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the floating plate. The dispersing plates are circularly distributed at equal distances on the outer wall of the top of the floating plate. The dispersing plate includes a first arc plate and a second arc plate. One end of the first arc plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the floating plate. An equidistantly distributed circular ring plate is fixedly connected to one side outer wall of the dispersing plate. The outer wall of one side of the circular ring plate is provided with equidistantly distributed tooth grooves, and the cross section of the tooth groove is triangular.

[0023] Furthermore, a buffer seat is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the adjusting cylinder. An overflow hole is arranged in the middle of the buffer seat, and the cross section of the buffer seat is in a W shape.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] A plate column for high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer provided by the present invention can realize the gas-liquid staged contact heat transfer and mass transfer between materials, meeting the separation requirements of people for different materials. Specifically, through the arranged mass transfer components, when people need to rectify and separate materials, the materials can be first injected into the tower body through the feed pipe, and at the same time, high-temperature gas is introduced into the tower body through the inlet pipe. Since the gas phase in the tower barrel is relatively small when the liquid phase is just injected, most of the liquid phase falling on the top of the tower plate flows out from the sieve holes opened on the top of the tower plate. At this time, the liquid layer on the tower plate is not high and cannot overflow the upper edge of the adjusting cylinder, so there is no liquid holdup in the adjusting cylinder. At this time, the liquid phase falling from the sieve holes will contact the rising gas phase for gas-liquid heat transfer and mass transfer. As the gas phase in the tower body continuously increases, the flow rate of the liquid phase falling from the sieve holes will slow down. At this time, the liquid phase will gradually accumulate on the top of the tower plate. When the liquid phase accumulates to the same height as the adjusting cylinder, the liquid phase will slide down along the inner wall of the adjusting cylinder, and at the same time, the gradually increasing gas phase will be blown into the through hole and can lift the floating plate, so that the liquid phase and the gas phase can collide and contact up and down, and then fully mix for gas-liquid mass transfer and heat transfer. Moreover, the through holes are obliquely distributed on the circumferential outer wall of the adjusting cylinder, so that the upward impact force of the gas phase is greater. As the gas phase continuously surges in, it will contact the first arc plate of the dispersing plate, and thus can apply an obliquely upward thrust to the surface of the first arc plate. When the first arc plate receives the obliquely upward thrust, the entire dispersing plate and the floating plate will rotate in a circular motion for self-rotation. During the self-rotation of the dispersing plate, not only can the contact between the gas phase and the liquid phase be accelerated, so that the efficiency of gas-liquid mass transfer is higher, realizing the high-speed mass transfer of the entire plate column, but also through the cooperation of the circular ring plate and the tooth grooves, the bubbles generated during the contact between the gas phase and the liquid phase can be punctured, so that the rapid mass transfer between the gas phase and the liquid phase can be further improved;

[0026] After the gas phase makes the dispersing plate rotate by contacting the first arc plate, the gas phase will rise along the outer wall of the second arc plate, so that a good guiding effect can be exerted on the gas phase, enabling the gas phase to fully contact and transfer mass with the liquid phase sliding down along the inner wall of the adjusting cylinder.

[0027] A plate column for high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer provided by the present invention can serve as a good guiding component for the liquid phase overflowing from the tray, avoiding the situation where the liquid phases collide with the surface of the lower tray, resulting in the generation of excessive bubbles. Specifically, through the arranged guiding component, as the liquid phase is continuously injected, the liquid level of the liquid phase on the tray gradually rises. When the liquid phase on the tray rises to a certain height, it overflows from the top of the overflow plate. At this time, the liquid phase slides down from the other side of the overflow plate to the inclined plate part. When the liquid phase slides along the surface of the inclined plate part, it flows into the guiding groove through the first circular groove and the inclined groove. The liquid phase flowing into the guiding groove flows to the outer wall of the top of another tray through the rectangular groove on the other side when sliding along its inner wall. At the same time, the liquid phase sliding to the bottom end of the inclined plate part also flows to the outer wall of the top of another tray through the arc-shaped groove, and the dispersion plate arranged inside the arc-shaped groove also has a good defoaming effect. Therefore, no large amount of bubbles will appear when the liquid phase flows from one mass transfer component to another, which is beneficial to the high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer inside the subsequent tower body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the tower body of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the mass transfer components of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of part B in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the mass transfer components of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the tray of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at position C in the [Chinese context].

[0037] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the half-sectional structure of the adjusting cylinder according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the half-sectional planar structure of the adjusting cylinder according to the present invention.

[0039] In the figure:

[0040] 1. Tower body; 2. Outlet gas pipe; 3. Discharge pipe; 4. Inlet gas pipe; 5. Mass transfer component; 5001. Tray; 5002. Overflow plate; 5003. Sieve holes; 5004. Fixed ring plate; 6. Feed pipe; 7. Return pipe; 8. Flow guiding component; 8001. Flow guiding groove; 8002. Rectangular groove; 8003. Arc groove; 8004. Dispersion plate; 8005. Inclined groove; 8006. First circular groove; 9. Float valve component; 9001. Adjusting cylinder; 9003. Through hole; 9004. Buffer seat; 9005. Fixed column; 9006. Overflow hole; 9007. Dispersion sheet; 9008. Ring sheet; 9009. Tooth groove; 9010. Float plate; 9011. First arc plate; 9012. Second arc plate; 11. Reinforcing plate; 12. Ring plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] The technical solutions of this patent will be further described in detail below in combination with the specific implementation manners.

[0042] The embodiments of this patent will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this patent and should not be construed as a limitation of this patent.

[0043] In the description of this patent, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this patent and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this patent.

[0044] In the description of this patent, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "linkage", and "setting" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be fixedly connected and set, or detachably connected and set, or integrally connected and set. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this patent can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0045] Please refer to Figures 1 - 10 , a plate column for high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer, including a column body 1. An air outlet pipe 2 and a discharge pipe 3 are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the column body 1. A feed pipe 6 is arranged in the middle of the circumferential outer wall of the column body 1;

[0046] An air inlet pipe 4 is arranged on one side outer wall near the bottom of the column body 1;

[0047] A reflux pipe 7 is arranged on one side outer wall near the top of the column body 1;

[0048] A mass transfer component 5 is arranged inside the column body 1, and the mass transfer components 5 are equidistantly distributed inside the column body 1;

[0049] The mass transfer component 5 includes a tray 5001 arranged inside the column body 1. The top outer wall of the tray 5001 is provided with sieve holes 5003 that are equidistantly and circularly distributed. One side outer wall of the tray 5001 is fixedly connected with an overflow plate 5002;

[0050] The top cross-section of the overflow plate 5002 is in a fan-shaped structure;

[0051] The overflow plate 5002 includes a vertical plate part and an inclined plate part. The vertical plate part is fixedly connected to one side outer wall of the tray 5001. The bottom end of the inclined plate part is in contact with the top outer wall of another tray 5001. When people need to rectify and separate the material, they can first inject it into the column body 1 through the feed pipe 6, and at the same time introduce the high-temperature gas into the column body 1 through the air inlet pipe 4. Since the gas phase inside the column barrel is also relatively small when the liquid phase is just injected, most of the liquid phase falling on the top of the tray 5001 flows out through the sieve holes 5003 opened on the top of the tray 5001 for gas-liquid mass transfer;

[0052] A diversion component 8 is arranged on one side of the inclined plate part;

[0053] The top of the tray 5001 is provided with equidistantly distributed floating valve components 9.

[0054] Preferably, the diversion assembly 8 includes a diversion groove 8001 formed on the outer wall of one side of the inclined plate portion of the overflow plate 5002. The cross-section of the diversion groove 8001 is in the shape of a water droplet, and the inner diameter of the diversion groove 8001 gradually increases from top to bottom. The outer wall of one side of the inclined plate portion is provided with equally spaced inclined grooves 8005 and first circular grooves 8006. The first circular groove 8006 and the inclined groove 8005 are both communicated with the diversion groove 8001. A rectangular groove 8002 is formed on the side of the inclined plate portion away from the inclined groove 8005 and the first circular groove 8006. The outer wall of the bottom of the inclined plate portion is provided with equally spaced arc grooves 8003. A group of arc grooves 8003 is located in the middle of two groups of diversion grooves 8001. A dispersion plate 8004 is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential wall of the arc groove 8003. The dispersion plates 8004 are distributed in an equally spaced arc on the inner circumferential wall of the arc groove 8003. As the liquid phase is continuously injected, the liquid level on the tray 5001 will gradually rise. When the liquid phase on the tray 5001 rises to a certain height, it will overflow from the top of the overflow plate 5002. At this time, the liquid phase will slide down from the other side of the overflow plate 5002 to the inclined plate portion. When the liquid phase slides along the surface of the inclined plate portion, it will flow into the interior of the diversion groove 8001 through the first circular groove 8006 and the inclined groove 8005. The liquid phase flowing into the interior of the diversion groove 8001 will flow to the outer wall of the top of another tray 5001 through the rectangular groove 8002 on the other side when sliding along its inner wall. At the same time, the liquid phase sliding to the bottom end of the inclined plate portion will also flow to the outer wall of the top of another tray 5001 through the arc groove 8003. Moreover, the dispersion plate 8004 arranged inside the arc groove 8003 also has a good defoaming effect, so that a large number of bubbles will not appear during the process of the liquid phase flowing from one mass transfer assembly 5 to another mass transfer assembly 5, which is beneficial to the high-speed mass transfer of gas and liquid inside the subsequent tower body 1.

[0055] Preferably, the valve tray assembly 9 includes a mounting hole formed on the outer wall of the top of the tray 5001. An adjusting cylinder 9001 is fixedly connected inside the mounting hole. The inner diameter of the adjusting cylinder 9001 gradually decreases from top to bottom. The cross-section of the adjusting cylinder 9001 is in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid. A floating plate 9010 is arranged inside the adjusting cylinder 9001. A fixing column 9005 is arranged inside the adjusting cylinder 9001. The floating plate 9010 is sleeved on the outer circumferential wall of the fixing column 9005. The outer circumferential wall of the adjusting cylinder 9001 is provided with equally spaced circular through holes 9003. The through holes 9003 are inclined. The inner diameter of the through holes 9003 gradually decreases along the direction away from the end of the adjusting cylinder 9001. As the gas phase inside the tower body 1 continuously increases, the flow rate of the liquid phase falling from the sieve holes 5003 will slow down. At this time, the liquid phase will gradually accumulate on the top of the tray 5001. When the liquid phase accumulates to the same height as the adjusting cylinder 9001, the liquid phase will slide along the inner wall of the adjusting cylinder 9001. At the same time, the gradually increasing gas phase will be blown into through the through holes 9003 and can lift the floating plate 9010, so that the liquid phase and the gas phase can collide and contact up and down, and then fully mix for gas-liquid mass transfer and heat transfer.

[0056] Preferably, a fixed ring plate 5004 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the tray 5001. The number of the fixed ring plates 5004 is three groups. A reinforcing plate 11 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the fixed ring plate 5004. One end of the reinforcing plate 11 away from the fixed ring plate 5004 is fixedly connected to a circular ring plate 12. The circular ring plate 12 is fixedly connected to the fixed column 9005, which can extend the time for the liquid phase to flow from the surface of the tray 5001 to the surface of another tray 5001, thereby increasing the contact time between the liquid phase and the gas phase and being beneficial to the full mass transfer between the liquid phase and the gas phase.

[0057] Preferably, a dispersing plate 9007 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the floating plate 9010. The dispersing plates 9007 are circularly distributed at equal intervals on the outer wall of the top of the floating plate 9010. The dispersing plate 9007 includes a first arc plate 9011 and a second arc plate 9012. One end of the first arc plate 9011 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the floating plate 9010. A plurality of circular ring pieces 9008 are fixedly connected to one side outer wall of the dispersing plate 9007. A plurality of tooth grooves 9009 are formed in one side outer wall of the circular ring piece 9008. The cross section of the tooth groove 9009 is triangular. A buffer seat 9004 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the adjusting cylinder 9001. An overflow hole 9006 is arranged in the middle of the buffer seat 9004. The cross section of the buffer seat 9004 is W-shaped. Through the cooperation of the circular ring piece 9008 and the tooth groove 9009, the bubbles generated in the process of the contact between the gas phase and the liquid phase can be punctured, so as to further improve the rapid mass transfer between the gas and the liquid. After the gas phase rotates the dispersing plate 9007 by contacting the first arc plate 9011, the gas phase will rise along the outer wall of the second arc plate 9012, so as to play a good guiding role for the gas phase and enable the gas phase to fully contact and transfer mass with the liquid phase sliding down along the inner wall of the adjusting cylinder 9001.

[0058] In summary, by means of the above technical solution of the present invention, when people need to rectify and separate materials, the materials can be first injected into the interior of the tower body 1 through the feed pipe 6, and at the same time, high-temperature gas is introduced into the interior of the tower body 1 through the inlet pipe 4. Since the gas phase in the tower barrel is relatively small when the liquid phase is just injected, most of the liquid phase falling on the top of the tray 5001 flows out from the sieve holes 5003 opened at the top of the tray 5001. At this time, the liquid layer on the tray 5001 is not high and cannot overflow the upper edge of the adjusting cylinder 9001, so that there is no liquid holdup in the adjusting cylinder 9001. At this time, the liquid phase falling from the sieve holes 5003 will contact the rising gas phase for gas-liquid heat and mass transfer. As the gas phase in the tower body 1 continuously increases, the flow rate of the liquid phase falling from the sieve holes 5003 will slow down. At this time, the liquid phase will gradually accumulate on the top of the tray 5001. When the liquid phase accumulates to the same height as the adjusting cylinder 9001, the liquid phase will slide down along the inner wall of the adjusting cylinder 9001. At the same time, the gradually increasing gas phase will be blown into the through hole 9003 and can lift the floating plate 9010, so that the liquid phase and the gas phase can collide and contact up and down, and then fully mix for gas-liquid mass transfer and heat transfer. Moreover, the through holes 9003 are inclinedly distributed on the circumferential outer wall of the adjusting cylinder 9001, so that the upward impact force of the gas phase is greater. As the gas phase continuously surges in, it will contact the first arc plate 9011 of the dispersion plate 9007, so that an obliquely upward thrust can be applied to the surface of the first arc plate 9011. When the first arc plate 9011 receives the obliquely upward thrust, the entire dispersion plate 9007 and the floating plate 9010 will rotate in a circular motion for self-rotation. During the self-rotation of the dispersion plate 9007, not only can the contact between the gas phase and the liquid phase be accelerated, so that the efficiency of gas-liquid mass transfer is higher, realizing high-speed mass transfer of the entire plate tower, but also through the cooperation of the circular ring plate 9008 and the tooth grooves 9009, the bubbles generated during the contact between the gas phase and the liquid phase can be punctured, so that the rapid mass transfer between the gas phase and the liquid phase can be further improved. After the gas phase rotates the dispersion plate 9007 by contacting the first arc plate 9011, the gas phase will rise along the outer wall of the second arc plate 9012, so that a good guiding effect can be exerted on the gas phase, enabling the gas phase to fully contact and mass transfer with the liquid phase sliding down along the inner wall of the adjusting cylinder 9001. As the liquid phase is continuously injected, the liquid level of the liquid phase on the tray 5001 will gradually rise. When the liquid phase on the tray 5001 rises to a certain height, it will overflow from the top of the overflow plate 5002. At this time, the liquid phase will slide down from the other side of the overflow plate 5002 to the inclined plate part. When the liquid phase slides down along the surface of the inclined plate part, it will flow into the diversion groove 8001 through the first circular groove 8006 and the inclined groove 8005. The liquid phase flowing into the diversion groove 8001 will flow to the outer wall of the top of another tray 5001 through the rectangular groove 8002 on the other side when sliding down along its inner wall. At the same time, the liquid phase sliding to the bottom end of the inclined plate part will also flow to the outer wall of the top of another tray 5001 through the arc groove 8003.Moreover, the dispersion plate 8004 disposed inside the arc-shaped groove 8003 also has a good defoaming effect, so that a large number of bubbles will not appear during the process of the liquid phase flowing from one mass transfer component 5 to another mass transfer component 5, which is beneficial to the high-speed mass transfer of gas-liquid inside the subsequent tower body 1.

[0059] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plate tower for high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer, comprising a tower body (1), characterized in that: An air outlet pipe (2) and a material discharge pipe (3) are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the tower body (1), and a material feed pipe (6) is arranged at the middle of the circumferential outer wall of the tower body (1); An air inlet pipe (4) is provided on an outer wall on one side close to the bottom of the tower body (1); A reflux pipe (7) is provided on an outer wall on one side close to the top of the tower body (1); Mass transfer components (5) are arranged inside the tower body (1), and the mass transfer components (5) are distributed at equal distances inside the tower body (1); The mass transfer component (5) comprises a tower plate (5001) arranged inside the tower body (1), the top outer wall of the tower plate (5001) is provided with sieve holes (5003) distributed in a circular shape at equal distances, and an overflow plate (5002) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the tower plate (5001); The top cross section of the overflow plate (5002) is a fan-shaped structure; The overflow plate (5002) comprises a vertical plate portion and an inclined plate portion, the vertical plate portion is fixedly connected to an outer wall of one side of the tower plate (5001), and the bottom end of the inclined plate portion is in contact with the top outer wall of another tower plate (5001); A flow guide component (8) is provided on one side of the inclined plate portion; the flow guide component (8) comprises a flow guide groove (8001) provided on the outer wall of one side of the inclined plate portion of the overflow plate (5002); the cross section of the flow guide groove (8001) is in a water drop shape; the inner diameter of the flow guide groove (8001) gradually increases from top to bottom; an outer wall of one side of the inclined plate portion is provided with an inclined groove (8005) and a first circular groove (8006) distributed at equal distances; the first circular groove (8006) and the inclined groove (8005) are both connected to the flow guide groove (8001); and a rectangular groove (8002) is provided on one side of the inclined plate portion away from the inclined groove (8005) and the first circular groove (8006); The top of the tower plate (5001) is provided with float valve assemblies (9) distributed at equal distances; the float valve assembly (9) comprises an adjustment cylinder (9001), and a float plate (9010) is arranged inside the adjustment cylinder (9001); The circumferential outer wall of the regulating cylinder (9001) is provided with through holes (9003) which are equidistantly distributed in a circular pattern; A dispersion sheet (9007) is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the floating plate (9010), and the dispersion sheet (9007) comprises a first arc-shaped plate (9011). One end of the first arc-shaped plate (9011) is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the floating plate (9010). When the first arc-shaped plate (9011) is subjected to an oblique upward thrust, the entire dispersion sheet (9007) and the floating plate (9010) perform a circular motion to rotate. An outer wall on one side of the dispersion sheet (9007) is fixedly connected to an annular sheet (9008) distributed at equal distances, and an outer wall on one side of the annular sheet (9008) is provided with teeth grooves (9009) distributed at equal distances, wherein the cross section of the teeth groove (9009) is triangular, and the annular sheet (9008) and the teeth groove (9009) cooperate to puncture bubbles generated during the contact between the gas phase and the liquid phase.

2. A plate tower for high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom outer wall of the inclined plate portion is provided with arc-shaped grooves (8003) distributed at equal distances, and one group of the arc-shaped grooves (8003) is located in the middle of the two groups of guide grooves (8001).

3. A plate tower for high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer according to claim 2, characterized in that: A dispersion plate (8004) is fixedly connected to the circumferential inner wall of the arc-shaped groove (8003), and the dispersion plates (8004) are distributed in an arc shape at equal distances on the circumferential inner wall of the arc-shaped groove (8003).

4. A plate tower for high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The float valve assembly (9) comprises a mounting hole formed on the outer wall of the top of the tower plate (5001), the inside of the mounting hole being fixedly connected to the regulating cylinder (9001), the inner diameter of the regulating cylinder (9001) gradually decreasing from top to bottom, the cross section of the regulating cylinder (9001) being an isosceles trapezoid, a fixing column (9005) being provided inside the regulating cylinder (9001), and the floating plate (9010) being sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the fixing column (9005).

5. A plate tower for high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The through hole (9003) is arranged at an inclination, and the inner diameter of the through hole (9003) gradually decreases in a direction away from the end of the adjustment tube (9001).

6. A plate tower for high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer according to claim 5, characterized in that: A fixed ring plate (5004) is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the tower plate (5001), and the number of the fixed ring plates (5004) is three groups.

7. A plate tower for high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer according to claim 6, characterized in that: A reinforcing plate (11) is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the fixed ring plate (5004), and a circular ring plate (12) is fixedly connected to one end of the reinforcing plate (11) away from the fixed ring plate (5004), and the circular ring plate (12) is fixedly connected to the fixing column (9005).

8. A plate tower for high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dispersion pieces (9007) are distributed in an equidistant circular pattern on the top outer wall of the floating plate (9010), and the dispersion pieces (9007) further include a second arc-shaped plate (9012) formed above the first arc-shaped plate (9011).

9. A plate tower for high-speed gas-liquid mass transfer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom end of the regulating cylinder (9001) is fixedly connected to a buffer seat (9004), an overflow hole (9006) is provided in the middle of the buffer seat (9004), and the cross section of the buffer seat (9004) is W-shaped.

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