An energy precision control method, system, device and storage medium for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam

Abstract

The present invention provides an energy precision control method for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Select parameters from a preset welding parameter library according to the welding requirements and the iron plate material; Step 2: Calculate the number and positions of welding points through a preset algorithm according to the welding requirements and the iron plate size, and use the welding points as the scanning targets of the laser beam. The present invention can achieve precise control of the laser beam trajectory by introducing a high-precision optical path adjustment module, including a variable aperture, a focusing lens, and a reflector, and can realize the automatic control of the optical path adjustment mechanism by using a central processing module, so as to conveniently and quickly adjust the trajectory of the laser beam. Moreover, the optimal laser beam trajectory can be automatically planned through a trajectory planning module to achieve fast and precise adjustment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a laser control method, system, device and its storage medium, specifically an energy precision control method, system, device and its storage medium for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam, belonging to the technical field of laser welding. Background Art

[0002] Laser welding is an efficient and precise welding method that uses a laser beam with a high energy density as a heat source. The principle of laser welding can be divided into heat conduction welding and laser deep penetration welding.

[0003] Heat conduction welding: When the laser power density is less than 10 4 -105W / cm 2 , the penetration depth is shallow and the welding speed is slow. The laser radiation heats the surface to be processed, and the surface heat diffuses inward through heat conduction. By controlling parameters such as the width, energy, peak power, and repetition frequency of the laser pulse, the workpiece is melted to form a specific molten pool.

[0004] Laser deep penetration welding: When the power density is greater than 105 - 107W / cm 2 , the metal surface is heated and indented into a "hole", forming deep penetration welding, which has the characteristics of fast welding speed and large depth-width ratio. Under the irradiation of a laser beam with a sufficiently high power density, the material evaporates and forms a small hole. This small hole filled with vapor is like a black body, almost absorbing all the incident beam energy. The equilibrium temperature in the hole cavity reaches about 2500°C, and the heat is transferred out from the outer wall of this high-temperature hole cavity, melting the metal surrounding the hole cavity.

[0005] In the existing laser welding during the welding process, there are still certain problems in two aspects: adjusting the laser beam trajectory and determining the welding point:

[0006] I. It is inconvenient to adjust the trajectory of the laser beam: The traditional laser welding system lacks a high-precision optical path adjustment mechanism, resulting in inflexible and inaccurate adjustment of the laser beam trajectory. Moreover, adjusting the laser beam trajectory usually requires manually operating multiple optical elements, increasing the complexity and time cost of the operation;

[0007] II. It is inconvenient to determine the welding point: Determining the reasonable number and position of welding points requires complex algorithms and calculations. The traditional method cannot complete this task quickly and accurately, and currently, the determination of welding points often relies on the experience and skills of operators, which will lead to unstable welding quality;

[0008] Therefore, an energy precision control method, system, device and its storage medium for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention hope to provide an energy precision control method, system, device and storage medium for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial option.

[0010] To solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted in this application is: an energy precision control method for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam, including the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: Select parameters from a preset welding parameter library according to welding requirements and iron plate materials;

[0012] Step 2: Calculate the number and positions of welding points according to welding requirements and iron plate size through a preset algorithm, and use the welding points as the scanning targets of the laser beam;

[0013] Step 3: Adjust the energy of the laser beam and the focal length of the focusing lens to control the welding depth;

[0014] Step 4: Adjust the angle of the reflector and the scanning speed of the laser beam to control the trajectory of the spiral laser beam;

[0015] Step 5: Make real-time adjustments to the parameters of the laser beam according to the real-time feedback welding data.

[0016] Further preferably, in Step 1, the parameters in the welding parameter library include laser power, scanning speed and welding depth.

[0017] Further preferably, in Step 2, the algorithm for calculating the number and positions of welding points includes the following steps:

[0018] S1: Establish a mathematical model according to the relationship between the number and positions of welding points and welding quality;

[0019] S2: Derive an empirical formula by statistically analyzing historical actual welding data;

[0020] S3: Use linear programming optimization technology to find the positions and number of welding points under constraint conditions;

[0021] S4: Program the implementation algorithm using a programming language;

[0022] S5: Test the algorithm using simulation data or actual welding data to verify its effectiveness and accuracy;

[0023] S6: Adjust the algorithm parameters according to the test results to optimize the algorithm performance;

[0024] S7: Integrate the algorithm into the software of the control system.

[0025] Further preferably, in S3, the constraint conditions include the number limit of welding points and the size of iron plates.

[0026] Further preferably, in step three, the energy of the laser beam is adjusted by pulse width modulation signal and duty cycle adjustment to control the output of laser energy.

[0027] Further preferably, in step three, the focal length of the focusing lens is adjusted. Using an adjustment tool or mechanical structure, the eccentricity of the lens is finely adjusted, including rotating or moving the lens to change its position relative to the optical axis.

[0028] Further preferably, in step four, the angle adjustment of the mirror includes sending an angle adjustment instruction to the driving unit of the mirror, and then the driving unit drives the mirror to rotate or tilt according to the received instruction to change the reflection direction of the laser beam;

[0029] The adjustment of the scanning speed of the laser beam includes adjusting the scanning speed instruction of the laser, controlling the dwell time and moving speed of the laser beam. When adjusting the scanning speed of the laser beam, it is based on the laser power, material properties and processing requirements.

[0030] To solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted by this application is: an energy precision control system for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam, including a laser emission module, an optical path adjustment module, a central processing module, a trajectory planning module, a welding workbench and a monitoring module;

[0031] The signal sending end of the trajectory planning module is connected to the signal receiving end of the central processing module, the signal sending end of the central processing module is connected to the signal receiving end of the optical path adjustment module, the signal sending end of the optical path adjustment module is connected to the signal receiving end of the laser emission module, the signal receiving end of the monitoring module is connected to the signal sending end of the laser emission module, and the signal sending end of the monitoring module is connected to the signal receiving end of the central processor;

[0032] The laser emission module is used to generate and emit a laser beam with a specific wavelength and power. The laser emission module includes a laser and a laser power supply;

[0033] The optical path adjustment module is used to adjust the conduction angle, energy and thickness of the laser beam;

[0034] The optical path adjustment module includes a variable aperture, a focusing lens and a mirror;

[0035] The variable aperture is used to adjust the thickness of the laser beam;

[0036] The focusing lens is used to adjust the focal position of the laser beam, change the position or focal length of the focusing lens, control the focusing depth and diameter of the laser beam on the iron plate, and adjust the welding depth and quality;

[0037] The reflecting mirror is used to change the conduction direction of the laser beam, adjust the angle of the reflecting mirror, and the laser beam scans according to a preset trajectory;

[0038] The trajectory planning module is used to calculate the reasonable number and positions of welding points according to the welding requirements and the size of the iron plate, and generate the trajectory of the spiral laser beam;

[0039] The trajectory planning module sends the trajectory information to the central processing unit, and the central processing unit controls the optical path adjustment module to achieve precise control of the trajectory;

[0040] The monitoring module is used to monitor the key parameters during the welding process in real time, including laser power, scanning speed and welding temperature;

[0041] The welding workbench is used to place the iron plate to be welded, and the welding workbench module includes a positioning device or fixture for fixing the iron plate to be welded.

[0042] To solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted by this application is: a computer device, which includes a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. Program instructions are stored in the memory. When the program instructions are executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of an energy precision control method for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam as described above.

[0043] To solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted by this application is: a storage medium storing program instructions capable of implementing an energy precision control method for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam as described above.

[0044] Due to the above technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present invention, it has the following advantages:

[0045] First, by introducing a high-precision optical path adjustment module, including a variable aperture, a focusing lens and a reflecting mirror, the present invention can achieve precise control of the laser beam trajectory. The central processing module can be used to achieve automatic control of the optical path adjustment mechanism, so as to conveniently and quickly adjust the laser beam trajectory. Moreover, the optimal laser beam trajectory can be automatically planned through the trajectory planning module, so as to achieve fast and precise adjustment.

[0046] Second, by using a preset algorithm, the present invention can automatically calculate the reasonable number and positions of welding points according to welding requirements and the size of the iron plate. The monitoring module monitors the key parameters during the welding process in real time, and automatically adjusts the positions and number of welding points according to these parameters, ensuring the stability of welding quality.

[0047] The above summary is only for the purpose of the specification and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the present invention will become apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0049] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of an energy precision control method for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam according to the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of an algorithm for calculating the number and positions of welding points according to the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an energy precision control system for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam according to the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0053] The following will describe the embodiments of the present disclosure in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0054] It should be clear that the following uses specific specific examples to illustrate the implementation modes of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present disclosure from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. The present disclosure can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation modes, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. It should be noted that, without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0055] It should be noted that the following describes various aspects of the embodiments within the scope of the appended claims. It should be obvious that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any specific structure and / or function described herein is illustrative only. Based on the present disclosure, those skilled in the art should understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects described herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. Additionally, this device and / or this method can be implemented using other structures and / or functions in addition to one or more of the aspects described herein.

[0056] It also should be noted that the diagrams provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present disclosure schematically. The diagrams only show the components related to the present disclosure and are not drawn according to the number, shape, and size of the components in actual implementation. The type, quantity, and proportion of each component in its actual implementation can be arbitrarily changed, and the component layout type may also be more complex.

[0057] In addition, in the following description, specific details are provided to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the described aspects can be practiced without these specific details.

[0058] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of an energy precision control method for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam in an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that if there are substantially the same results, the method of this application is not limited to Figure 1 the flow order shown. As Figure 1 shown: An energy precision control method for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam includes the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Select parameters from a preset welding parameter library according to welding requirements and iron plate materials. The parameters in the welding parameter library include laser power, scanning speed, and welding depth;

[0060] Step 2: Calculate the number and positions of welding points according to welding requirements and iron plate dimensions through a preset algorithm, and use the welding points as the scanning targets of the laser beam;

[0061] Step 3: Adjust the energy of the laser beam and the focal length of the focusing lens to control the welding depth;

[0062] Step 4: Adjust the angle of the mirror and the scanning speed of the laser beam to control the trajectory of the spiral laser beam;

[0063] Step 5: Make real-time adjustments to the parameters of the laser beam according to the real-time feedback welding data.

[0064] As Figure 2 shown, the algorithm for calculating the number and positions of welding points includes the following steps:

[0065] S1: Establish a mathematical model based on the relationship between the number and positions of welding points and welding quality;

[0066] S2: Derive an empirical formula by statistically analyzing historical actual welding data;

[0067] S3: Use linear programming optimization techniques to find the positions and number of welding points under constraint conditions;

[0068] S4: Program the implementation algorithm using a programming language;

[0069] S5: Test the algorithm using simulation data or actual welding data to verify its effectiveness and accuracy;

[0070] S6: Adjust the algorithm parameters according to the test results to optimize the algorithm performance;

[0071] S7: Integrate the algorithm into the software of the control system.

[0072] In this embodiment, in S3, the constraint conditions include the number limit of welding points and the iron plate dimensions. By referring to the constraint conditions, the positions and number of welding points can be calculated more accurately.

[0073] In this embodiment, in Step 3, when adjusting the energy of the laser beam, the output of the laser energy is controlled through pulse width modulation signals and duty cycles. A larger laser power and a smaller focal length will result in a deeper welding depth, and vice versa, a shallower welding depth will be produced;

[0074] Adjust the focal length of the focusing lens. Use an adjustment tool or mechanical structure to finely adjust the eccentricity of the lens, including rotating or moving the lens to change its position relative to the optical axis. Before and after adjustment, the change in the focal position will directly affect the processing results and efficiency. If the focal position deviates too much, the focusing and diverging effect of the laser beam will decrease, and even the expected processing effect cannot be achieved.

[0075] In this embodiment, in step four, the angle adjustment of the mirror includes sending an angle adjustment instruction to the driving unit of the mirror. Then, the driving unit drives the mirror to rotate or tilt according to the received instruction to change the reflection direction of the laser beam. The angle adjustment of the mirror needs to be precisely controlled to ensure that the laser beam can be scanned along a predetermined trajectory.

[0076] The adjustment of the scanning speed of the laser beam includes adjusting the scanning speed instruction of the laser, controlling the dwell time and moving speed of the laser beam. When adjusting the scanning speed of the laser beam, it is based on the laser power, material characteristics, and processing requirements.

[0077] In the process of realizing the control of the spiral laser beam trajectory, the angle adjustment of the mirror and the control of the scanning speed of the laser beam need to be coordinated. The central processing unit needs to monitor and adjust the angle of the mirror and the scanning speed of the laser beam in real time to ensure that the laser beam can be scanned along a predetermined spiral trajectory.

[0078] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the functional modules of an energy accuracy control system for automatically adjusting the spiral laser beam trajectory in an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 3 shown, an energy accuracy control system for automatically adjusting the spiral laser beam trajectory includes a laser emission module, an optical path adjustment module, a central processing module, a trajectory planning module, a welding workbench, and a monitoring module.

[0079] The signal sending end of the trajectory planning module is connected to the signal receiving end of the central processing module. The signal sending end of the central processing module is connected to the signal receiving end of the optical path adjustment module. The signal sending end of the optical path adjustment module is connected to the signal receiving end of the laser emission module. The signal receiving end of the monitoring module is connected to the signal sending end of the laser emission module. The signal sending end of the monitoring module is connected to the signal receiving end of the central processing unit.

[0080] The laser emission module is used to generate and emit a laser beam with a specific wavelength and power. The laser emission module includes a laser and a laser power supply. The laser is used to emit the laser beam, and the laser power supply is used to supply power to the laser. The laser emission module is also provided with a cooling mechanism to dissipate heat from the laser and prevent damage caused by overheating of the laser.

[0081] The optical path adjustment module is used to adjust the conduction angle, energy, and thickness of the laser beam.

[0082] The optical path adjustment module includes a variable aperture, a focusing lens, and a reflector;

[0083] The variable aperture is used to adjust the thickness of the laser beam;

[0084] The focusing lens is used to adjust the focal position of the laser beam, change the position or focal length of the focusing lens, control the focusing depth and diameter of the laser beam on the iron plate, and adjust the welding depth and quality;

[0085] The reflector is used to change the propagation direction of the laser beam, adjust the angle of the reflector, and make the laser beam scan along a preset trajectory;

[0086] The trajectory planning module is used to calculate the reasonable number and positions of welding points according to the welding requirements and the size of the iron plate, and generate the trajectory of the spiral laser beam. The trajectory planning module is a microcontroller;

[0087] The trajectory planning module sends the trajectory information to the central processing unit. The central processing unit controls the optical path adjustment module to achieve precise control of the trajectory. The central processing unit is the core of the entire system, responsible for receiving instructions, controlling the laser emission module and the optical path adjustment module. The central processing unit also includes a software part, such as an operating system, a control algorithm, etc., for achieving precise control of the laser beam and trajectory planning;

[0088] The monitoring module is used to monitor the key parameters during the welding process in real time, including laser power, scanning speed, and welding temperature. The monitoring module sends the real-time data to the central processing unit, and the central processing unit adjusts the parameters and trajectory of the laser beam according to the feedback data to optimize the welding process;

[0089] The welding workbench is used to place the iron plate to be welded. The welding workbench module includes a positioning device or fixture for fixing the iron plate to be welded.

[0090] For other details of the technical solutions implemented by each module in the above-mentioned embodiment system, reference can be made to the description in a method for controlling the energy accuracy of automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam in the above-mentioned embodiment, which will not be elaborated here.

[0091] It should be noted that the embodiments in this specification are all described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other. For system embodiments, since they are basically similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can refer to the partial description of the method embodiments.

[0092] An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a memory and a processor. The memory is used to store non-transitory computer-readable instructions. Specifically, the memory may include one or more computer program products, and the computer program products may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory, etc. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.

[0093] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other forms of processing units having data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the processor is used to run the computer-readable instructions stored in the memory, so that the electronic device executes all or part of the steps of the energy precision control method for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam in the foregoing embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0094] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in order to solve the technical problem of how to obtain good user experience effects, known structures such as communication buses and interfaces may also be included in this embodiment, and these known structures should also be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0095] As Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. It shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device suitable for implementing the electronic device in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4 The shown electronic device is only an example and should not impose any limitation on the functions and usage scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0096] As Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device may include a processor (such as a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.), which may perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) or a program loaded from a storage device into a random access memory (RAM). In the RAM, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device are also stored. The processor, ROM, and RAM are connected to each other through a bus. An input / output (I / O) interface is also connected to the bus.

[0097] Generally, the following devices may be connected to the I / O interface: an input device including, for example, a sensor or a visual information acquisition device, etc.; an output device including, for example, a display screen, etc.; a storage device including, for example, a magnetic tape, a hard disk, etc.; and a communication device. The communication device may allow the electronic device to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices (such as edge computing devices) to exchange data. Although Figure 4An electronic device with various devices is shown, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all the shown devices. Instead, more or fewer devices may be implemented or had.

[0098] In particular, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a computer program product that includes a computer program carried on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, and the computer program contains program codes for executing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network through a communication device, or installed from a storage device, or installed from a ROM. When the computer program is executed by a processor, all or part of the steps of an energy accuracy control method for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are executed.

[0099] For a detailed description of this embodiment, reference can be made to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, and details will not be repeated here.

[0100] A computer-readable storage medium according to an embodiment of the present disclosure stores non-temporary computer-readable instructions thereon. When the non-temporary computer-readable instructions are run by a processor, all or part of the steps of an energy accuracy control method for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam according to the foregoing embodiments of the present disclosure are executed.

[0101] The above-mentioned computer-readable storage media include but are not limited to: optical storage media (such as CD-ROMs and DVDs), magneto-optical storage media (such as MOs), magnetic storage media (such as magnetic tapes or external hard drives), media with built-in rewritable non-volatile memories (such as memory cards), and media with built-in ROMs (such as ROM cartridges).

[0102] For a detailed description of this embodiment, reference can be made to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, and details will not be repeated here.

[0103] The basic principles of the present disclosure have been described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, effects, etc. mentioned in the present disclosure are only examples and not limitations, and it cannot be considered that these advantages, benefits, effects, etc. are essential for each embodiment of the present disclosure. In addition, the above-mentioned specific details are only for illustrative and easy-to-understand purposes and are not limitations. The above details do not limit the present disclosure to necessarily adopt the above specific details for implementation.

[0104] In this disclosure, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. The block diagrams of the devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems involved in this disclosure are only illustrative examples and do not intend to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, and configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as "including", "comprising", "having", etc. are open-ended words, meaning "including but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with each other. The words "or" and "and" used herein refer to the word "and / or", and can be used interchangeably with each other, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The word "such as" used herein refers to the phrase "such as but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with each other.

[0105] In addition, as used herein, the "or" used in the listing of items starting with "at least one" indicates a disjunctive listing, so that for example, the listing of "at least one of A, B, or C" means A or B or C, or AB or AC or BC, or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Further, the term "exemplary" does not mean that the examples described are preferred or better than other examples.

[0106] It should also be noted that in the systems and methods of this disclosure, each component or each step can be decomposed and / or recombined. These decompositions and / or recombinations should be regarded as equivalent solutions of this disclosure.

[0107] Various changes, substitutions, and alterations to the technologies described herein can be made without departing from the teachings defined by the appended claims. In addition, the scope of the claims of this disclosure is not limited to the specific aspects of the processes, machines, manufactures, compositions of events, means, methods, and acts described above. Current or later-developed processes, machines, manufactures, compositions of events, means, methods, or acts that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding aspects described herein can be utilized. Thus, the appended claims include such processes, machines, manufactures, compositions of events, means, methods, or acts within their scope.

[0108] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use this disclosure. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0109] The foregoing description has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. In addition, this description is not intended to limit embodiments of the present disclosure to the form disclosed herein. Although several example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize some variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and subcombinations thereof.

Claims

1. An energy precision control method for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Select parameters from a preset welding parameter library according to the welding requirements and the iron plate material. Step 2: Calculate the number and positions of welding points according to the welding requirements and the iron plate size through a preset algorithm, and use the welding points as the scanning targets of the laser beam. Step 3: Adjust the energy of the laser beam and the focal length of the focusing lens to control the welding depth. Step 4: Adjust the angle of the mirror and the scanning speed of the laser beam to control the trajectory of the spiral laser beam. Step 5: Make real-time adjustments to the parameters of the laser beam according to the real-time feedback welding data. In Step 2, the algorithm for calculating the number and positions of welding points includes the following steps: S1: Establish a mathematical model based on the relationship between the number and positions of welding points and the welding quality. S2: Derive an empirical formula by statistically analyzing historical actual welding data. S3: Use linear programming optimization techniques to find the positions and number of welding points under constraint conditions. S4: Program the implementation algorithm using a programming language. S5: Test the algorithm using simulated data or actual welding data to verify its effectiveness and accuracy. S6: Adjust the algorithm parameters according to the test results to optimize the algorithm performance. S7: Integrate the algorithm into the software of the control system. In S3, the constraint conditions include the number limit of welding points and the iron plate size. In Step 1, the parameters in the welding parameter library include laser power, scanning speed, and welding depth. In Step 4, the adjustment of the angle of the mirror includes sending an angle adjustment instruction to the driving unit of the mirror, and then the driving unit drives the mirror to rotate or tilt according to the received instruction to change the reflection direction of the laser beam. The adjustment of the scanning speed of the laser beam includes adjusting the scanning speed instruction of the laser to control the dwell time and moving speed of the laser beam. When adjusting the scanning speed of the laser beam, it is based on the laser power, material characteristics, and processing requirements.

2. The energy precision control method for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: In Step 3, the adjustment of the energy of the laser beam is to control the laser energy output through pulse width modulation signals and duty cycles.

3. An energy precision control method for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: In Step 3, the adjustment of the focal length of the focusing lens is to finely adjust the eccentricity of the lens using an adjustment tool or mechanical structure, including rotating or moving the lens to change its position relative to the optical axis.

4. An energy precision control system for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam, which is applied to the energy precision control method for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that It includes a laser emission module, an optical path adjustment module, a central processing module, a trajectory planning module, a welding workbench, and a monitoring module. The signal sending end of the trajectory planning module is connected to the signal receiving end of the central processing module, the signal sending end of the central processing module is connected to the signal receiving end of the optical path adjustment module, the signal sending end of the optical path adjustment module is connected to the signal receiving end of the laser emission module, the signal receiving end of the monitoring module is connected to the signal sending end of the laser emission module, and the signal sending end of the monitoring module is connected to the signal receiving end of the central processing module. The laser emission module is used to generate and emit a laser beam with a specific wavelength and power. The laser emission module includes a laser and a laser power supply. The optical path adjustment module is used to adjust the conduction angle, energy, and thickness of the laser beam. The optical path adjustment module includes a variable aperture, a focusing lens, and a reflector; The variable aperture is used to adjust the thickness of the laser beam; The focusing lens is used to adjust the focal position of the laser beam, change the position or focal length of the focusing lens, control the focusing depth and diameter of the laser beam on the iron plate, and adjust the welding depth and quality; The reflector is used to change the conduction direction of the laser beam, adjust the angle of the reflector, and the laser beam scans according to a preset trajectory; The trajectory planning module is used to calculate the reasonable number and positions of welding points according to the welding requirements and the size of the iron plate, and generate the trajectory of the spiral laser beam; The trajectory planning module sends the trajectory information to the central processing module, and the central processing module controls the optical path adjustment module to achieve precise control of the trajectory; The monitoring module is used to monitor the key parameters during the welding process in real time, including laser power, scanning speed, and welding temperature; The welding workbench is used to place the iron plate to be welded, and the welding workbench module includes a positioning device or fixture for fixing the iron plate to be welded.

5. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: At least one processor; and, A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute an energy precision control method for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam according to any one of claims 1-3.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing a computer to execute an energy precision control method for automatically adjusting the trajectory of a spiral laser beam according to any one of claims 1-3.

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