A train operation plan adjustment method and system introducing a backtracking mechanism

Abstract

A train operation plan adjustment method that incorporates a retrospective mechanism addresses the issue of train operation conflicts that cannot be resolved during forward adjustments to the train operation plan based on the timing of line nodes. The retrospective mechanism is incorporated into the train operation plan adjustment method, including methods for retrospective adjustment of train operation plans in scenarios involving slow interval operation and those involving interval operation conflicts. This invention can effectively resolve train operation conflicts and reduce train delays.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method and system for adjusting an operation plan, and in particular to a method and system for adjusting a train operation plan by introducing a backtracking mechanism, and belongs to the field of train scheduling. Background Art

[0002] The intelligent centralized dispatching system builds on existing centralized dispatching systems by applying operations research, statistics, and artificial intelligence technologies to better implement intelligent adjustments to train operation plans, providing dispatchers with more efficient and practical technical means. The implementation of intelligent adjustments to train operation plans is crucial to the development of intelligent centralized dispatching systems.

[0003] During train operation, uncertainties such as environmental, equipment, and human factors inevitably cause deviations from planned schedules, resulting in delays. Intelligent train operation plan adjustment utilizes advanced intelligent algorithms to promptly resolve conflicting schedules after an unexpected event disrupts normal train operation, restoring orderly train operation as quickly as possible. This reduces the total duration of train delays, controls the spread of delays, and reduces or even eliminates delays, minimizing the negative impact of delays. Scenarios that disrupt normal train operation primarily include area blockades, area speed restrictions, section reversals, and train delays. Area blockades include section blockades, station track blockades, station-wide blockades, train section faults, train track faults within a station, and station and section blockades in situations such as wind, rain, snow, catenary faults, and foreign object intrusion. Area speed restrictions include section speed restrictions, station-in-station speed restrictions, train slowdowns, and situations such as wind, rain, snow, and foreign object intrusion.

[0004] Adjusting train operation plans is a complex and delicate process. Especially in complex scenarios, a single adjustment to some nodes may not be enough to effectively resolve train operation conflicts or achieve the expected optimal results. When adjusting train operation plans based on the timing of operating line nodes, it is possible that no matter how the arrival and departure times and tracks of that node are adjusted, the constraints cannot be met. To meet the constraints, the adjusted operating line nodes need to be adjusted again to obtain a feasible train operation plan adjustment result. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the present invention discloses a train operation plan adjustment method that introduces a backtracking mechanism, and its technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A train operation plan adjustment method that introduces a backtracking mechanism solves the technical problem of train operation conflicts that cannot be resolved during the process of forward adjustment of the train operation plan according to the timing of the operation line nodes. The method is characterized by: introducing a backtracking mechanism into the train operation plan adjustment method, including a train operation plan backtracking adjustment method in the scenario of slow interval operation and a train operation plan backtracking adjustment method in the scenario of interval operation conflict.

[0007] Preferably, the method for retrospectively adjusting the train operation plan in the interval operation conflict scenario comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Enter the access time of the running line node that meets the constraint conditions;

[0009] Step 2: Determine whether there is an interval operation conflict. If yes, go to step 3; if not, go to step 7.

[0010] Step 3: Adjust the departure time of the node above this node;

[0011] Step 4: Get the starting node for backtracking adjustment;

[0012] Step 5: Determine the backtracking range and update the node adjustment status;

[0013] Step 6: Adjust the nodes within the backtracking range one by one;

[0014] Step 7: Output the arrival time and track of the node in step 6 and the arrival time, departure time and track of each node in the backtracking range.

[0015] Preferably, the method for retrospectively adjusting the train operation plan in the scenario where the interval operation is too slow includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Enter the access time of the running line node that meets the constraint conditions;

[0017] Step 2: Determine whether there is any interval running too slowly. If so, go to step 3; otherwise, go to step 6.

[0018] Step 3: Get the starting point for retrospective adjustment;

[0019] Step 4: Determine the backtracking range and update the node adjustment status;

[0020] Step 5: Adjust the nodes within the backtracking range one by one;

[0021] Step 6: Output the arrival time and track of the node in step 5 and the arrival time, departure time and track of each node in the backtracking range.

[0022] Beneficial effects

[0023] It can effectively alleviate train operation conflicts and reduce train delays. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 Flowchart of the method for retrospective adjustment of train operation plan in the scenario of interval operation conflict;

[0025] Figure 2 Flowchart of the method for retrospective adjustment of train operation plan in the scenario of slow operation in the section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] A train operation plan adjustment method that introduces a backtracking mechanism solves the problem of train operation conflicts that cannot be resolved during the process of forward adjustment of the train operation plan according to the timing of the operation line nodes. The method is characterized by: introducing a backtracking mechanism into the train operation plan adjustment method, including a train operation plan backtracking adjustment method in the scenario of slow interval operation and a train operation plan backtracking adjustment method in the scenario of interval operation conflict.

[0027] 1. The method for retrospective adjustment of train operation plan under the above-mentioned interval operation conflict scenario is as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0028] (1) Input.

[0029] The access time of the running line node that meets the following constraints.

[0030] A. The interval running time is not less than the minimum interval running time in the corresponding scenario.

[0031] B. The track is idle at the time of access and has the conditions for receiving and dispatching the train.

[0032] C. Meet the minimum pick-up time interval.

[0033] (2) A method for determining whether there is a conflict in interval operation.

[0034] A. Get the node n i,j Previous node n i,j-1 .

[0035] B. Find node n in the adjusted running line node i,j and its previous node n i,j-1 Running line node n with the same section, same line type and same running direction i”,j .

[0036] C. If satisfied and If yes, retroactive adjustment is required; otherwise, return and no retroactive adjustment is required due to access interval conflict.

[0037] (3) Adjust the departure time of the node above this node.

[0038] A.

[0039] B. According to the minimum departure time interval between two nodes, the node n i,j-1 Departure time Make adjustments.

[0040] (4) Method for obtaining the starting node of the backtracking adjustment

[0041] Using Node n i,j-1 Get the starting node of this retrospective adjustment.

[0042] Step 1: If node n i,j-1 If the station does not belong to the line station type, then this node will be the retrospective starting node for this retrospective adjustment.

[0043] Step 2: If node n i,j-1 If the station belongs to the line station type, then press Adjust the arrival time of this node.

[0044] Step 3: Get the node n i,j-1 Previous node n i,j-2 .

[0045] Step 4: Press node n i,j-2 Pre-adjusted arrival time Calculate the interval running time based on the expected arrival adjustment time If satisfied

[0046] Then it is determined that the node n i,j-1 The access interval is running too slowly. Indicates train l i At node n i,j-1 With node n i,j-2 The interval running time is Indicates train l i At node n i,j-2 With node n i,j-1 The running time of the scheduled interval is shown in the figure.

[0047] Step 5: If there is a delay in the interval, readjust the node n according to the maximum interval running time allowed for the delay. i,j-2 Departure time

[0048] Step 6: If node n i,j-2 If the station does not belong to the line station type, then this node will be the retrospective starting node for this retrospective adjustment.

[0049] Step 7: If node n i,j-2 If the station belongs to the line station type, then press Adjust the arrival time of the node. Then go to Step 3 and continue iterating forward until the backtracking starting node is found.

[0050] (5) Determine the backtracking range and update the node adjustment status

[0051] A. Adjust the sequence number in All nodes in range. Indicates the adjustment sequence number of the starting node of the retrospective adjustment. Indicates the adjustment sequence number of the node.

[0052] B. Set the adjustment status of all nodes in the retroactive adjustment range to pending retroactive adjustment.

[0053] (6) A method for adjusting nodes one by one within the backtracking range.

[0054] First, classify the running line nodes according to the adjustment characteristics, and set the adjustment method that matches the running line node type.

[0055] A. If there is no preceding vehicle at the starting node, use adjustment method I.

[0056] B. If there is a preceding vehicle at the starting node, use adjustment method II.

[0057] C. The arrival time of the access first node is adjusted using method III.

[0058] D. The departure time of the access first node is adjusted using method IV.

[0059] E. The arrival time of the intermediate node is adjusted using method III.

[0060] F. The departure time of the intermediate node is adjusted using method IV.

[0061] G. Arrival time of the final node, using adjustment method III.

[0062] H. Hand over the arrival time of the tail node and use adjustment method III.

[0063] I. Hand over the departure time of the tail node and adjust V.

[0064] (7)Output.

[0065] The arrival time and track of the node and the arrival time, departure time and track of each node in the backtracking range.

[0066] 2. For the method of retrospective adjustment of train operation plan in the case of slow operation in the section, see Figure 2 As shown:

[0067] (1) Input.

[0068] The access time of the running line node that meets the following constraints.

[0069] A. The interval running time is not less than the minimum interval running time in the corresponding scenario.

[0070] B. The track is idle at the time of access and has the conditions for receiving and dispatching the train.

[0071] C. Meet the minimum pick-up time interval.

[0072] D. There is no interval operation conflict.

[0073] (2) How to determine whether there is a section running too slowly.

[0074] A. Get the node n i,j Previous node n i,j-1 .

[0075] B. By node n i,j-1 Pre-adjusted arrival time Calculate the interval running time based on the expected arrival adjustment time If satisfied

[0076] It is determined that the node access interval is running too slowly. Indicates train l i At node n i,j With node n i,j-1 The interval running time is Indicates train l i At node n i,j-1 With node n i,j The running time of the scheduled interval is shown in the figure.

[0077] (3) A method for obtaining the starting node of the backtracking adjustment.

[0078] Step 1: Use the adjusted arrival time of the running line node to determine whether the node access interval has slow operation.

[0079] Step 2: If there is a delay in the interval, readjust the running line node n according to the maximum interval running time allowed for the delay. i,j-1 Departure time

[0080] Step 3: If the running line node n i,j-1If the station does not belong to the line station type, then the operating line node will be the retrospective starting node for this retrospective adjustment.

[0081] Step 4: If the running line node n i,j-1 If the station belongs to the line station type, then press

[0082] Adjust running line node n i,j-1 Then go to Step 1 and continue searching iteratively until the backtracking starting node is found.

[0083] (4) Determine the backtracking range and update the node adjustment status.

[0084] A. Adjust the sequence number in All nodes in range. Indicates the adjustment sequence number of the starting node of the retrospective adjustment. Indicates the adjustment sequence number of the node.

[0085] B. Set the adjustment status of all nodes in the retroactive adjustment range to pending retroactive adjustment.

[0086] (5) The nodes within the backtracking range are adjusted one by one.

[0087] First, classify the running line nodes according to the adjustment characteristics, and set the adjustment method that matches the running line node type.

[0088] A. If there is no preceding vehicle at the starting node, use adjustment method I.

[0089] B. If there is a preceding vehicle at the starting node, use adjustment method II.

[0090] C. The arrival time of the access first node is adjusted using method III.

[0091] D. The departure time of the access first node is adjusted using method IV.

[0092] E. The arrival time of the intermediate node is adjusted using method III.

[0093] F. The departure time of the intermediate node is adjusted using method IV.

[0094] G. Arrival time of the final node, using adjustment method III.

[0095] H. Hand over the arrival time of the tail node and use adjustment method III.

[0096] I. Hand over the departure time of the tail node and adjust V.

[0097] (6) Output.

[0098] The arrival time and track of the node and the arrival time, departure time and track of each node in the backtracking range.

[0099] 3. Below we explain the specific content of the adjustment method:

[0100] 1. Running line node adjustment method I

[0101] (1) Input

[0102] A. Originating node information.

[0103] B. The departure sequence list of the station to which the first departure node belongs.

[0104] C. Adjust the operating line information, section blocking information, etc. within the time range.

[0105] (2) Constraints

[0106] A. The departure time must not be less than the minimum departure time interval.

[0107] B. Trains are not allowed to depart to blocked sections, that is, there is no section blockade in the departure section.

[0108] C. The departure time must not be earlier than the scheduled departure time.

[0109] D. The departure interval must not have slow operation.

[0110] (3) Adjustment strategy

[0111] Adjust the constraints one by one. The departure time adjustment of the first node caused by the constraints will return to the first constraint for iterative adjustment until all constraints are met.

[0112] (4) Output

[0113] The departure time of the first node of origin.

[0114] 2. Running line node adjustment method II

[0115] (1) Input

[0116] A. Originating node information.

[0117] B. The departure sequence list of the station to which the first departure node belongs.

[0118] C. Adjust the operating line information, section blocking information, etc. within the time range.

[0119] D. Train connection information.

[0120] (2) Constraints

[0121] A.Meet the minimum train connection time.

[0122] B. Meet the minimum departure time interval.

[0123] C. Trains are not allowed to depart to blocked sections.

[0124] D. The departure time must not be earlier than the scheduled departure time.

[0125] E. The interval operation must not be too slow.

[0126] (3) Adjustment strategy

[0127] Adjust the constraints one by one. The departure time adjustment of the first node caused by the constraints will return to the first constraint for iterative adjustment until all constraints are met.

[0128] (4) Output

[0129] The departure time of the first node of origin.

[0130] 3. Running line node adjustment method III

[0131] (1) Input

[0132] A. Access the first node, intermediate node, end at the last node, and hand over to the last node.

[0133] B. Linked list of the order in which the station to which the node belongs receives the train.

[0134] C. Adjust the operating line information, section blocking information, etc. within the time range.

[0135] (2) Constraints

[0136] A.Meet the minimum interval running time.

[0137] B.Meet the access conditions:

[0138] Only one train is allowed to occupy a track at the same time.

[0139] The number of vehicles received by a station shall not exceed its receiving capacity.

[0140] Meet the platform requirements. EMUs carrying passengers must stop at tracks with high platforms, while ordinary passenger cars carrying passengers must stop at tracks with platforms.

[0141] Ensure that the changed track is connected to the access port and handover port.

[0142] Ensure that the changed track matches the type of train being connected.

[0143] C. Meet the minimum pick-up time interval.

[0144] D. There must be no interval conflicts.

[0145] E. The interval operation must not be too slow.

[0146] (3) Adjustment strategy

[0147] Adjust the constraints one by one. The departure time adjustment of the first node caused by the constraints will return to the first constraint for iterative adjustment until all constraints are met.

[0148] (4) Output

[0149] The pick-up time and track of the intermediate node.

[0150] 4. Running line node adjustment method IV

[0151] (1) Input

[0152] A. Access the first node and intermediate node.

[0153] B. The departure sequence list of the station to which the node belongs.

[0154] C. Adjust the operating line information, section blocking information, etc. within the time range.

[0155] (2) Constraints

[0156] A.Meet the minimum stop time.

[0157] B. Meet the minimum departure time interval.

[0158] C. Satisfy the interval blockade.

[0159] D. The departure time must not be earlier than the scheduled departure time.

[0160] E. The interval operation must not be too slow.

[0161] (3) Adjustment strategy

[0162] Adjust the constraints one by one. The departure time adjustment of the first node caused by the constraints will return to the first constraint for iterative adjustment until all constraints are met.

[0163] (4) Output

[0164] The departure time of the node.

[0165] 5. Running line node adjustment method V

[0166] (1) Input

[0167] A. Hand over the tail node.

[0168] B. The departure sequence list of the station to which the node belongs.

[0169] C. Adjust the operating line information, section blocking information, etc. within the time range.

[0170] (2) Constraints

[0171] A.Meet the minimum stop time.

[0172] B. Meet the minimum departure time interval.

[0173] C. The departure time must not be earlier than the scheduled departure time.

[0174] (3) Adjustment strategy

[0175] Adjust the constraints one by one. The departure time adjustment of the first node caused by the constraints will return to the first constraint for iterative adjustment until all constraints are met.

[0176] (4) Output

[0177] The departure time of the node.

[0178] The present invention solves the technical problem that train operation conflicts that cannot be resolved may be encountered during the process of forward adjustment of the train operation plan according to the timing of the operating line nodes. A backtracking mechanism is introduced into the train operation plan adjustment method, and a train operation plan backtracking adjustment method in the interval operation conflict scenario and a train operation plan backtracking adjustment method in the interval operation slowness scenario are proposed.

[0179] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions merely illustrate the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A train operation plan adjustment method that introduces a backtracking mechanism, characterized by: Introducing a retrospective mechanism into the train operation plan adjustment method, including a retrospective adjustment method for the train operation plan in the scenario of slow operation in the section and a retrospective adjustment method for the train operation plan in the scenario of conflict in the section operation; The methods for retrospective adjustment of train operation plans in interval operation conflict scenarios include: Step 1: Enter the access time of the running line node that meets the constraint conditions; Step 2: Determine whether there is an interval operation conflict. If yes, execute step 3. If not, output the arrival time and track of the node. Step 3: Adjust the departure time of the node above this node; Step 4: Get the backtracking adjustment starting node; use node n i,j-1 Get the starting node of this retrospective adjustment, i represents the train line, n i,j-1 represents the j-1th node of train line i; Step 1: If node n i,j-1 If the station does not belong to the line station type, then this node will be the retrospective starting node for this retrospective adjustment; Step 2: If node n i,j-1 If the station belongs to the line station type, then press Adjust the arrival time of the node, where Represents node n i,j-1 The arrival time, Represents node n i,j-1 departure time; Step 3: Get the node n i,j-1 Previous node n i,j-2 ; Step 4: Press node n i,j-2 Pre-adjusted arrival time Calculate interval running time based on estimated arrival adjustment time If satisfied Then it is determined that the node n i,j-1 The access interval is running too slowly; Indicates train l i At node n i,j-1 With node n i,j-2 The interval running time is Represents node n i,j-1 The arrival time, Represents node n i,j-2 The departure time, Indicates train l i At node n i,j-2 With node n i,j-1 The running time of the specified interval, Δt maxsec Indicates the maximum additional time delay of the train in the section; Step 5: If there is a delay in the interval, readjust the node n according to the maximum interval running time allowed for the delay. i,j-2 Departure time ; Step 6: If node n i,j-2 If the station does not belong to the line station type, then this node will be the retrospective starting node for this retrospective adjustment; Step 7: If node n i,j-2 If the station belongs to the line station type, then press Adjust the arrival time of the node; then go to Step 3 and continue iterating forward until the backtracking starting node is found; Step 5: Determine the backtracking range and update the node adjustment status; Step 6: Adjust the nodes within the backtracking range one by one; Step 7: Output the arrival time and track of the node in step 6 and the arrival time, departure time and track of each node in the backtracking range.

2. The train operation plan adjustment method using a retrospective mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that the train operation plan retrospective adjustment method in the scenario of slow operation in the section includes the following steps: Step 1: Enter the access time of the running line node that meets the constraint conditions; Step 2: Determine whether there is any interval running too slowly. If so, execute step 3. Otherwise, output the arrival time and track of the node. Step 3: Get the starting point for retrospective adjustment; Step 4: Determine the backtracking range and update the node adjustment status; Step 5: Adjust the nodes within the backtracking range one by one; Step 6: Output the arrival time and track of the node in step 5 and the arrival time, departure time and track of each node in the backtracking range.

3. The train operation plan adjustment method using a backtracking mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized by: Constraints include: (1) The interval running time is not less than the minimum interval running time under the corresponding scenario; (2) The track is idle at the time of access and has the conditions for receiving and dispatching the train; (3) Meet the minimum pick-up time interval.

4. The train operation plan adjustment method with a retrospective mechanism according to claim 1, wherein step 2 further comprises the following: (1) Get the node n i,j Previous node n i,j-1 ; (2) Find the node n in the adjusted running line node i,j and its previous node n i,j-1 Running line node n with the same section, same line type and same running direction i”,j ; (3) If satisfied and If so, retroactive adjustment is required; otherwise, the system returns and does not need to participate in the retroactive adjustment introduced by the access interval conflict; in: Represents node n i”,j-1 The departure time, Represents node n i,j-1 The departure time, Represents node n i”,j The arrival time, n represents the node i，j Arrival time; i represents the train line, n i,j represents the j-th node of train line i.

5. The train operation plan adjustment method using a retrospective mechanism according to claim 4 is characterized by: Step 2 further includes the following: (1) Get the node n i,j Previous node n i,j-1 ; (2) By node n i,j-1 Pre-adjusted arrival time Calculate the interval running time according to the expected arrival adjustment time If satisfied It is determined that the node access interval is running too slowly; Indicates train l i At node n i,j With node n i,j-1 The interval running time is Indicates train l i At node n i,j-1 With node n i,j The running time of the scheduled interval between the two times; Among them, i represents the train running line, n i,j represents the j-th node of train line i, Represents node n i,j The arrival time, Represents node n i,j-1 The departure time, Δt maxsec Indicates the maximum additional time delay for the train in the section.

6. The train operation plan adjustment method using a retrospective mechanism according to claim 5, wherein step 3 further comprises the following: Step 1: Use the adjusted arrival time of the running line node to determine whether the node access section has slow operation; Step 2: If there is a delay in the interval, readjust the running line node n according to the maximum interval running time allowed for the delay. i,j-1 Departure time , ; Step 3: If the running line node n i,j-1 If the station does not belong to the line station type, the running line node will be the retrospective starting node of this retrospective adjustment; Step 4: If the running line node n i,j-1 If the station belongs to the line station type, then press Adjust running line node n i,j-1 Then go to Step 1 and continue to iterate forward until the backtracking starting node is found; in: Δt maxsec Indicates the maximum additional time for train operation in the section. Represents node n i,j-1 The arrival time, Represents node n i,j-1 The departure time.

7. A non-volatile storage medium, characterized in that: The non-volatile storage medium includes a stored program, wherein when the program is running, the device where the non-volatile storage medium is located is controlled to execute the train operation plan adjustment method introducing a backtracking mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A train operation plan adjustment system that introduces a backtracking mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a processor and a memory; the memory stores computer-readable instructions, and the processor is used to run the computer-readable instructions, wherein when the computer-readable instructions are run, the train operation plan adjustment method introducing a backtracking mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is executed.

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