Device and method for rapidly detecting activity of aerogenic microorganism aggregate

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of microbiological detection, in particular to a device and a method for rapidly detecting activity of gas-producing microbiological aggregates, the device comprises a sealed sample chamber, the sealed sample chamber is made of a transparent material, the sealed sample chamber is communicated with a circulating pipeline, the circulating pipeline is communicated with a micro sample injection pump, and the micro sample injection pump is communicated with a water source; a laser is arranged at the top of the sealed sample chamber, an adjustable support is arranged on the side face of the sealed sample chamber, a CCD camera is arranged on the adjustable support, the collecting end of the CCD camera faces the sealed sample chamber, and a microscope lens is arranged at the collecting end of the CCD camera; and the CCD camera is in signal connection with a processing unit. According to the method, the bubbles are identified and extracted according to the gray value difference caused by the obvious refractive index difference between the bubbles and other impurities, the instantaneous activity of the microbial aggregate is judged according to the particle size distribution of the bubbles and the density of the bubbles, and the activity of the gas-producing microbial aggregate can be quickly, non-invasively, efficiently and accurately evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of microbial detection, and in particular to a device and method for rapidly detecting the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates. Background Art

[0002] As a key member of the material cycle and energy flow in nature, gas-producing microbial aggregates have a deep and extensive research background, which is of great significance for understanding the operation of ecosystems, developing renewable energy and environmental protection technologies. Common gas-producing microbial aggregates include: anaerobic ammonia oxidation granular sludge, methanogenic granular sludge, hydrogen-producing granular sludge biofilm, etc.

[0003] However, to give full play to its application effect in actual engineering, it is first necessary to accurately detect the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates. Activity detection is not only a key indicator for evaluating the process efficiency of gas-producing microbial aggregates, but also the basis for optimizing process conditions and improving treatment efficiency. Through activity detection, we can understand the growth state, metabolic rate and competitive relationship of gas-producing microbial aggregates with other microorganisms under different environmental conditions, providing a scientific basis for process design and operation management.

[0004] Taking anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria as an example, there are currently various methods for detecting the activity of anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria, but each has its limitations. The batch experiment method is cumbersome and time-consuming, and it is difficult to simulate the actual wastewater treatment process, and the results are prone to deviation. Isotope tracing technology is costly, complicated to operate, and the markers may have an impact on the environment. Although the biomass determination method is simple, it is greatly affected by the properties of the sludge, the determination accuracy is limited, and it cannot directly reveal the metabolic mechanism. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a device and method for quickly detecting the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates, which are used to efficiently, conveniently and accurately detect the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: on the one hand, a device for rapid detection of gas-producing microbial aggregates is proposed, comprising a sealed sample chamber, the sealed sample chamber is made of a transparent material, the sealed sample chamber is connected to a circulation pipeline, the circulation pipeline is connected to a micro-injection pump, and the micro-injection pump is connected to a water source; a laser is arranged on the top of the sealed sample chamber, an adjustable bracket is arranged on the side of the sealed sample chamber, a CCD camera is arranged on the adjustable bracket, the collection end of the CCD camera faces the sealed sample chamber, and the collection end of the CCD camera is arranged with a microscope lens;

[0007] The CCD camera signal is connected to a processing unit, which is used to adjust the grayscale value and background value of the image captured by the CCD camera. In the image after the grayscale value and background value are adjusted, the bubbles in the image are identified and extracted based on the grayscale value difference, the bubble particle size distribution and bubble density of the identified and extracted bubbles are obtained, and the activity state of the microbial aggregates is judged and output based on the bubble particle size distribution and bubble density analysis.

[0008] Further, the sealed sample chamber has a size of 5-10×0.5-1×5-20 cm.

[0009] Furthermore, the CCD camera is a high-sensitivity and high-shutter-speed camera, and the acquisition frame rate is 30-300fps.

[0010] Furthermore, the minimum observable bubble diameter of the microscope lens is 10 μm.

[0011] Furthermore, a 0.1-1 μm filter membrane is arranged in the circulation pipeline between the sealed sample chamber and the micro-injection pump.

[0012] On the other hand, a method for rapidly detecting gas-producing microbial aggregates is proposed. The method is based on the above-mentioned device for rapidly detecting gas-producing microbial aggregates and comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1. Place an appropriate amount of gas-producing microbial aggregate samples to be tested in a sealed sample chamber, and ensure that the gas-producing microbial aggregate samples are evenly distributed at the bottom of the sealed sample chamber;

[0014] S2, start the laser, and focus the light into the sealed sample chamber through the microscope lens, and control the CCD camera through the processing unit to collect the image in the sealed sample chamber to generate the image to be analyzed;

[0015] S3, importing the image to be analyzed into the imageJ image processing software through the processing unit, adjusting the gray value and background value of the image to be analyzed through the imageJ image processing software, and identifying and extracting bubbles in the image to be analyzed based on the gray value difference;

[0016] S4. Obtain the bubble size distribution and bubble density of the identified and extracted bubbles, and determine and output the activity state of the microbial aggregates based on the bubble size distribution and bubble density analysis.

[0017] Furthermore, S1 also includes: flushing the granular sludge to remove loose surface structures and then placing it into a sealed sample chamber to maintain the sludge concentration in the sealed sample chamber; and then injecting water into the sealed sample chamber by running a micro-injection pump at 15-35° C. for 5-30 minutes.

[0018] Furthermore, the processing unit is used to adjust the adjustable bracket so that the CCD camera can collect a clear image to be analyzed.

[0019] Furthermore, applicable gas-producing microbial aggregates include anaerobic ammonia oxidation, anaerobic methanogenesis, anaerobic hydrogen production, bacterial-algal granular sludge and biofilm.

[0020] Furthermore, S3 also includes: defining a coverage area for each bubble, extracting the boundaries within the coverage area of ​​each bubble based on the grayscale value difference, and maintaining the adjustable bracket state when there is only one boundary within the coverage area of ​​the bubble; when there is more than one boundary within the coverage area of ​​the bubble, obtaining the distance between the boundaries, and when the distances between the boundaries are all less than a threshold, maintaining the adjustable bracket state; when the distances between the boundaries are all greater than or equal to a threshold, adjusting the adjustable bracket state until the distance between the boundaries within the coverage area of ​​the bubble is less than the threshold or there is only one boundary within the coverage area of ​​the bubble.

[0021] The technical principles of the above scheme are as follows:

[0022] Bubbles are identified and extracted through the grayscale value difference caused by the obvious refractive index difference between bubbles and other impurities, and the bubble size distribution and bubble density are statistically analyzed. The instantaneous activity of microbial aggregates is determined by the bubble size distribution and bubble density. This method uses high-speed imaging and image processing technology to accurately identify and count the bubbles produced by microbial aggregates, and quickly, non-invasively, efficiently and accurately evaluate the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates.

[0023] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The present invention uses image recognition technology to detect bubbles generated by microbial aggregates. Compared with the prior art, there is no need to perform complex pretreatment or labeling on the microbial aggregate samples, which maintains the original state of the microbial aggregate samples and reduces the errors that may be introduced during the processing. At the same time, the real-time imaging capability allows the detection process to be carried out immediately, the results can be obtained quickly, and the detection efficiency is improved.

[0025] 2. The present invention imports the imaging picture into the imageJ image processing software, adjusts the gray value and background value, and uses the gray value difference caused by the difference in refractive index between bubbles and other impurities to automatically separate bubbles, and performs bubble size distribution and bubble density statistics. Compared with the prior art, it reduces manual intervention in the process, improves the accuracy and repeatability of the detection, and also reduces the skill requirements of the operator.

[0026] 3. The present invention quantitatively analyzes the activity level of microorganisms by counting the bubble size distribution and bubble density of bubbles. This quantitative analysis capability provides strong support for in-depth research on the metabolic activities, growth patterns and environmental adaptability of microorganisms.

[0027] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a device for rapidly detecting gas-producing microbial aggregates according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A flow chart of an embodiment of a method for rapidly detecting gas-producing microbial aggregates according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the data results of detecting the activity of granular sludge of different particle sizes according to an embodiment of the method for rapidly detecting gas-producing microbial aggregates of the present invention.

[0031] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: 1. sealed sample chamber; 2. laser; 3. CCD camera; 4. microscope lens; 5. adjustable bracket; 6. micro injection pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0034] Example 1: Figure 1 As shown: A device for rapidly detecting the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates, and the applicable gas-producing microbial aggregates mainly include anaerobic ammonia oxidation, anaerobic methanogenesis, anaerobic hydrogen production, algae granular sludge and biofilm. Its specific structure includes a sealed sample chamber 1, and the sealed sample chamber 1 is made of a transparent material to ensure that when the image is collected from outside the sealed sample chamber 1, the image inside the sealed sample chamber 1 can be accurately and completely collected without deformation. Preferably, the transparent material is organic glass or acrylic, which has excellent transparency, weather resistance and rigidity, and a light transmittance of more than 92%, so that the image collected from the outside of the sealed sample chamber 1 has a high clarity. Preferably, the size of the sealed sample chamber 1 is 5-10×0.5-1×5-20cm, ensuring that the microbial aggregate sample can be evenly distributed on the inner bottom.

[0035] The sealed sample chamber 1 is connected to a circulation pipeline, which is used to feed water into the sealed sample chamber 1. The circulation pipeline is connected to a micro-injection pump 6, and the micro-injection pump 6 is connected to a water source. A laser 2 is arranged on the top of the sealed sample chamber 1, and an adjustable bracket 5 is arranged on the side of the sealed sample chamber 1. A CCD camera 3 is arranged on the adjustable bracket 5. The collection end of the CCD camera 3 faces the sealed sample chamber 1, and a microscope lens 4 is arranged on the collection end of the CCD camera 3.

[0036] Among them, the CCD camera 3 preferably uses a high-sensitivity and high-shutter speed camera with a capture frame rate of 30-300fps, so as to ensure that the image capture bubbles are free of smears, and improve the accuracy of subsequent bubble identification and bubble size distribution and bubble density acquisition. The minimum observable bubble diameter of the microscope lens 4 is 10μm, so as to ensure that the CCD camera 3 can effectively collect bubbles generated by microbial aggregates. A 0.1-1μm filter membrane is provided in the circulation pipeline between the sealed sample chamber 1 and the micro-injection pump 6, so as to ensure that water inflow has no significant effect on bubble imaging.

[0037] The CCD camera 3 signal is connected to a processing unit, and the processing unit in this embodiment is a PC. The processing unit is used to adjust the grayscale value and background value of the image captured by the CCD camera 3. In the image after the grayscale value and background value are adjusted, the bubbles in the image are identified and extracted based on the grayscale value difference, and the bubble particle size distribution and bubble density of the identified and extracted bubbles are obtained. The activity state of the microbial aggregate is judged and output based on the bubble particle size distribution and bubble density analysis.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the method of using the above-mentioned device for rapid detection of the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates is as follows:

[0039] S1. Place an appropriate amount of gas-producing microbial aggregate sample to be tested in the sealed sample chamber 1, and ensure that the gas-producing microbial aggregate sample is evenly distributed at the bottom of the sealed sample chamber 1; then, rinse the granular sludge to remove the loose surface structure and load it into the sealed sample chamber 1 to maintain the sludge concentration in the sealed sample chamber 1; then, run the micro-injection pump 6 at 15-35°C for 5-30 minutes to introduce water into the sealed sample chamber 1.

[0040] S2, adjusting the adjustable bracket 5 through the processing unit so that the CCD camera 3 can collect a clear image to be analyzed. Start the laser 2, and focus the light into the sealed sample chamber 1 through the microscope lens 4, and control the CCD camera 3 through the processing unit to collect the image in the sealed sample chamber 1 to generate the image to be analyzed;

[0041] S3, importing the image to be analyzed into the imageJ image processing software through the processing unit, adjusting the gray value and background value of the image to be analyzed through the imageJ image processing software, and identifying and extracting bubbles in the image to be analyzed based on the gray value difference;

[0042] S4. Obtain the bubble size distribution and bubble density of the identified and extracted bubbles, and determine and output the activity state of the microbial aggregates based on the bubble size distribution and bubble density analysis.

[0043] The principle is that the bubbles in the sealed sample chamber 1 have a significant difference in refractive index with other impurities, and the difference in refractive index will lead to a difference in grayscale value, thereby separating the bubbles from the image captured by the CCD camera 3. The bubble particle size distribution and bubble density are both proportional to the activity of the microbial aggregates. Based on the bubble particle size distribution and bubble density, the activity of the gas-producing microbial aggregates can be evaluated. The device for rapid detection of gas-producing microbial aggregates of this embodiment can be applied to rapid detection of the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates such as anaerobic ammonia oxidation, anaerobic methanogenesis, anaerobic hydrogen production, bacterial algae granular sludge, and biofilm. The detection and measurement time is 20-50min, which greatly shortens the measurement time and cost, and is simple, economical and convenient.

[0044] Example 2: Based on the following example, the device and method for rapidly detecting the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates in Example 1 are further described:

[0045] Example 1

[0046] The detection method of anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge activity under different loads, the specific steps are as follows:

[0047] 1. Different nitrogen loads R1-R6: 0.88, 1.32, 2.64, 3.96, 5.28 and 7.92 kgN / (m 3 After the six groups of reactors in d) have been running stably for 180 days, about 10.0 g of wet granule samples are taken from each group and the wet anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing granule samples are placed in a sealed sample chamber 1 to ensure that the samples are evenly distributed. Each sample is prepared in duplicate.

[0048] 2. Start laser 2 and use a high-speed camera with a detection range of 11-2000 μm to obtain a dynamic image of particles with a frame rate of 60 Hz within 100-120 seconds.

[0049] 3. Import the collected particle dynamic image into the imageJ image processing software, adjust the grayscale value and background value of the particle dynamic image, and separate the micron bubbles by using the grayscale value difference caused by the difference in refractive index between bubbles and other impurities.

[0050] 4. Perform bubble size distribution and bubble density statistics on the separated micron bubbles, and use Origin to generate a graph of the change in particle size distribution of micron bubbles over time.

[0051] 5. According to the particle size distribution change graph, analyze the number, size, density and change trend of bubbles produced by microorganisms to determine the activity status of the microorganisms.

[0052] After steps 1-5, the micron bubble characteristics of granular sludge under different loads were obtained, and the results are shown in the following table:

[0053] Table 1. Characteristics of microbubbles produced by anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge under different loads

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] Based on Table 1, the characteristics of microbubbles produced by anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge at different loads vary significantly with particle size. Under low load, the number of microbubbles produced by the granules is small and the density is low, with a bubble density of only 3.84×10 3 bubbles / m 3 , and the particle size span is large, with the smallest bubble being 33.79μm and the largest bubble reaching 974.82μm. With the increase of nitrogen load, the number of bubbles increases and the density increases, and the bubble density gradually increases to 14.17×10 3 bubbles / m 3 , the particle size distribution tends to be uniform and the bubbles are mainly concentrated in the range of 50-300μm. The particle size distribution of micron bubbles is affected by factors such as the pore structure of the particle bed, particle size, gas production activity and surface pore size. The process of bubble peeling from the particle surface involves interactions such as buoyancy and adhesion, and bubbles may aggregate during migration, which together lead to a large span of particle size distribution. Serum bottle batch experiments were conducted on these sludges, and the experiments showed that the nitrogen production rate of granular sludge first increased and then decreased with nitrogen load. The specific anaerobic ammonia oxidation activity (SAA) of R1 is only 104.23LN 2 / (kg-VSS·d), with the increase of nitrogen load, the gas production activity of particles first increased to 156.21LN in R4 2 / (kg-VSS·d) and then slowly decreased to 236.45LN of R6 2 / (kg-VSS·d) shows that the particles have the best gas production activity and denitrification efficiency under medium load, but are inhibited under high load. Compared with the medium load, the gas production activity of the particles is slightly reduced.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] The detection method of anaerobic ammonium oxidation granular sludge activity under different particle sizes, the specific steps are as follows:

[0059] 1. On the 450th day of the continuous anammox reactor operation, an appropriate amount of anammox granular sludge was rinsed three times with sterile 1× PBS buffer to remove suspended solids. According to the size of the particles, the granular sludge was sieved into five groups using standard sieves: E1 (0.2-0.5 mm), E2 (0.5-1.0 mm), E3 (1.0-2.0 mm), E4 (2.0-5.0 mm), E5 (>5 mm), and then transferred to a 500 mL serum bottle to maintain the original sludge concentration (volatile solids (VS) was about 4.80 g / L). The degassed synthetic wastewater was filtered through a 0.1 μm PVDF membrane (Millex VV, Millipore Corporation, Bedford, MA, USA) and added to the above bottle as the experimental group. After the 5 groups of samples were statically cultured at 30 ° C for 24 h, the samples of equal mass were placed in a sealed sample chamber 1 to ensure that the samples were evenly distributed, and each sample was paralleled in duplicate.

[0060] 2. Start laser 2 and use a high-speed camera with a detection range of 10-2000 μm to obtain dynamic images with a frame rate of 40 Hz within 90-120 seconds.

[0061] 3. Import the collected images into imageJ image processing software, adjust the grayscale value and background value of the image, and separate the micron bubbles by using the grayscale value difference caused by the difference in refractive index between bubbles and other impurities.

[0062] 4. Perform bubble size distribution and bubble density statistics on the separated micron bubbles, and use Origin to generate a graph of the change in particle size distribution of micron bubbles over time.

[0063] 5. According to the particle size distribution change graph, analyze the number, size, density and change trend of bubbles produced by microorganisms to determine the activity status of the microorganisms.

[0064] After steps 1-5, the micron bubble characteristics of granular sludge with different particle sizes were obtained. Figure 3 As shown; Figure 3 The af in the figure are different nitrogen loads R1-R6: 0.88, 1.32, 2.64, 3.96, 5.28 and 7.92 kgN / (m 3 ·d) The particle size distribution of micron bubbles produced by granular sludge. The characteristics of micron bubbles produced by granular sludge of different particle sizes vary significantly with the particle size. The bubbles produced by small particle size (0.2-0.6mm) are few and small, concentrated in the range of 30-100μm, and have low density. As the particle size increases, the number of bubbles increases, the size expands to 50-500μm, and the density increases to 10.72×103 bubbles / m 3 However, when the particle size exceeds 5 mm, the bubble density and average size both drop, the bubble distribution becomes more uniform, and the maximum bubble size is limited. This phenomenon shows that the particle size has an important influence on the generation and characteristics of micron bubbles. The SAA of granular sludge of different particle sizes is as follows: As the particle size increases, the SAA of the particles gradually increases, from 61.86LN of E1 to 61.86LN of E1. 2 / (kg-VSS·d) gradually increased to 166.98LN of E4 2 / (kg-VSS·d), then dropped to 110.43LN for E5 2 / (kg-VSS·d).

[0065] In Example 1 and Example 2, the activity of the tested gas-producing microbial aggregates is correlated with the activity of the traditional granular sludge. In Example 1, the correlation coefficient is (R2=0.78, p<0.05); in Example 2, the correlation coefficient is (R2=0.95, p<0.05). In addition, the detection time of the detection method is 20-50 minutes, while the traditional SAA test time is 2-5 hours. This method greatly shortens the determination time and cost, and is simple, economical and convenient. Therefore, the present invention has a good development prospect and can be used as a choice for rapid detection of the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates.

[0066] Embodiment 3: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that, considering that the image acquisition angle of the CCD camera 3 may cause the bubbles in the image to be analyzed to be different from the actual size and density of the bubbles, the adjustable bracket 5 needs to be adjusted continuously, and the preferred state is to acquire the image to be analyzed from the front of the bubble to ensure that the bubble size distribution and bubble density obtained later are more accurate. Therefore, in this embodiment, first, a coverage area is defined for each bubble, and the coverage area needs to be larger than the bubble itself, preferably 120% of the area occupied by the bubble, to ensure that the bubble itself is completely covered.

[0067] Based on the difference in grayscale values, the boundaries within the coverage area of ​​each bubble are extracted. When the bubble image is captured vertically (the light source is perpendicular to the acquisition line of CCD camera 3), the boundary almost corresponds to the boundary of the bubble, but when the bubble image is captured at an angle, there may be multiple boundaries. This is because when the CCD camera 3 captures the image at an angle (the light source forms an angle with the acquisition line of CCD camera 3), in addition to the bubble boundary, the light source may form additional boundaries inside or outside (within the defined coverage area) in the image captured by CCD camera 3. Such boundaries can be captured by the difference in grayscale values. After effectively capturing the corresponding boundary conditions within the coverage area of ​​the bubble in the image captured by CCD camera 3, the acquisition height and angle of CCD camera 3 can be adjusted based on this.

[0068] Specifically, when there is only one boundary in the coverage area of ​​the bubble, the adjustable bracket 5 is maintained; when there is more than one boundary in the coverage area of ​​the bubble, the distance between the boundaries is obtained, and when the distances between the boundaries are all less than the threshold, the adjustable bracket 5 is maintained; when the distances between the boundaries are all greater than or equal to the threshold, the adjustable bracket 5 is adjusted until the distance between the boundaries in the coverage area of ​​the bubble is less than the threshold or there is only one boundary in the coverage area of ​​the bubble. Through the above-mentioned regulation, it can be ensured that the CCD camera 3 always maintains accurate and effective bubble image acquisition, laying a foundation for the subsequent accurate and effective acquisition of bubble particle size distribution and bubble density.

[0069] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A device for rapidly detecting the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sealed sample chamber (1), wherein the sealed sample chamber (1) is made of a transparent material, the sealed sample chamber (1) is connected to a circulation pipeline, the circulation pipeline is connected to a micro-injection pump (6), and the micro-injection pump (6) is connected to a water source; a laser (2) is arranged on the top of the sealed sample chamber (1), an adjustable bracket (5) is arranged on the side of the sealed sample chamber (1), a CCD camera (3) is arranged on the adjustable bracket (5), a collection end of the CCD camera (3) faces the sealed sample chamber (1), and a microscope lens (4) is arranged on the collection end of the CCD camera (3); The CCD camera (3) is signal-connected to a processing unit, and the processing unit is used to adjust the grayscale value and background value of the image captured by the CCD camera (3); in the image after the grayscale value and background value are adjusted, bubbles in the image are identified and extracted based on the grayscale value difference; the bubble particle size distribution and bubble density of the identified and extracted bubbles are obtained; and the activity state of the microbial aggregate is judged and output based on the bubble particle size distribution and bubble density analysis.

2. The device for rapidly detecting the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimensions of the sealed sample chamber (1) are 5-10×0.5-1×5-20 cm.

3. The device for rapidly detecting the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The CCD camera (3) is a high-sensitivity and high-shutter-speed camera, and the acquisition frame rate is 30-300fps.

4. The device for rapidly detecting the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum observable bubble diameter of the microscope lens (4) is 10 μm.

5. The device for rapidly detecting the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates according to claim 1, characterized in that: A 0.1-1 μm filter membrane is arranged in the circulation pipeline between the sealed sample chamber (1) and the micro-injection pump (6).

6. A method for rapidly detecting the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates, based on the device for rapidly detecting gas-producing microbial aggregates according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Place an appropriate amount of gas-producing microbial aggregate sample to be tested in a sealed sample chamber (1), and ensure that the gas-producing microbial aggregate sample is evenly distributed at the bottom of the sealed sample chamber (1); S2, starting the laser (2), and focusing the light into the sealed sample chamber (1) through the microscope lens (4), and controlling the CCD camera (3) through the processing unit to collect the image in the sealed sample chamber (1), thereby generating an image to be analyzed; S3, importing the image to be analyzed into the imageJ image processing software through the processing unit, adjusting the gray value and background value of the image to be analyzed through the imageJ image processing software, and identifying and extracting bubbles in the image to be analyzed based on the gray value difference; S4. Obtain the bubble size distribution and bubble density of the identified and extracted bubbles, and determine and output the activity state of the microbial aggregates based on the bubble size distribution and bubble density analysis.

7. The method for rapid detection of the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates according to claim 6, characterized in that: S1 also includes: flushing the granular sludge to remove the loose surface structure and then loading it into the sealed sample chamber (1) to maintain the sludge concentration in the sealed sample chamber (1); and then injecting water into the sealed sample chamber (1) through a micro-injection pump (6) running at 15-35°C for 5-30 minutes.

8. The method for rapid detection of the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustable bracket (5) is adjusted by the processing unit so that the CCD camera (3) can collect a clear image to be analyzed.

9. The method for rapid detection of the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates according to claim 6, characterized in that: Applicable gas-producing microbial aggregates include anaerobic ammonia oxidation, anaerobic methanogenesis, anaerobic hydrogen production, bacterial-algal granular sludge and biofilm.

10. The method for rapid detection of the activity of gas-producing microbial aggregates according to claim 6, characterized in that: S3 also includes: defining a coverage area for each bubble, extracting the boundaries within the coverage area of ​​each bubble based on the grayscale value difference, and when there is only one boundary within the coverage area of ​​the bubble, maintaining the adjustable bracket (5) state; when there are more than one boundary within the coverage area of ​​the bubble, obtaining the distance between the boundaries, and when the distances between the boundaries are all less than a threshold, maintaining the adjustable bracket (5) state; when the distances between the boundaries are all greater than or equal to the threshold, adjusting the adjustable bracket (5) state until the distance between the boundaries within the coverage area of ​​the bubble is less than the threshold or there is only one boundary within the coverage area of ​​the bubble.

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