An arc furnace slag-metal separation device and method for large slag volume smelting

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of metallurgical technology, and discloses an electric arc furnace slag-metal separation device and method for large slag volume smelting. It includes a tapping hole, a slag tapping hole, a blowing gun, a slag-metal separation baffle, a weight sensor, a high-temperature camera and an automated control system. The tapping hole is 15%-20% higher than the average height of the reference slag interface, and the slag tapping hole is 10%-15% higher than the average height of the reference slag interface. Blowing guns are arranged at the tapping hole and the slag tapping hole, and the slag-metal separation baffle is retractable to control the flow paths of the slag and the molten steel. The weight sensor monitors the total weight of the furnace body in real time, and the high-temperature camera monitors the situation of slag being carried out during tapping. The method includes: determining the height of the reference slag interface, automatically discharging slag and recording the blowing parameters, pushing the slag by blowing before tapping, lowering the baffle to isolate the slag and then pouring out the molten steel. The whole process is automatically operated through the automated control system, effectively separating the slag and the metal, improving the smelting efficiency and the quality of the molten steel, reducing the operation risk, and being applicable to the large slag volume smelting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of metallurgical technology, and particularly to an arc furnace slag-metal separation device and method for large slag volume smelting. Background Art

[0002] During the arc furnace smelting process, the separation of molten steel and slag is a key link, which has an important impact on the quality of the final product and production efficiency. Slag is a by-product generated during the smelting process, mainly composed of oxides, silicates and other impurities. Molten steel and slag coexist in the arc furnace. Due to the density difference between the two, under normal smelting conditions, the molten steel is located at the bottom of the furnace, while the slag floats on top of the molten steel. In the traditional arc furnace smelting process, slag-metal separation usually relies on manual control and is completed by the operator's empirical judgment of the tapping and slagging processes. Due to the flow characteristics of molten steel and slag, as well as the differences in the experience of operators, it is often difficult to achieve completely effective separation. Especially in the case of large slag volume smelting, the amount of slag increases, and slag-metal separation becomes more difficult, easily resulting in excessive slag entrained in the molten steel, thus affecting the quality of steel and increasing the subsequent smelting and processing costs. In addition, the manual operation method has many limitations and deficiencies. First, the operator works in a high-temperature environment for a long time, which is prone to fatigue and leads to operation errors. Second, due to the complexity of the working conditions during the smelting process, such as the slag composition, smelting temperature, molten steel composition, etc. are constantly changing, it is difficult for manual operation to make accurate judgments and adjustments in real time. Especially when the steel grades and production batches are frequently changed, the adaptability of manual operation is poor, and the problem of unstable slag-metal separation effect is likely to occur.

[0003] With the development of modern metallurgical industry towards automation and intelligence, the market demand for high-quality steel is increasing continuously, and higher requirements are also put forward for the accuracy and efficiency of slag-metal separation during the smelting process. Therefore, the traditional manual operation mode can no longer meet the needs of large-scale production and high-standard product quality. In order to improve the efficiency, stability and safety of slag-metal separation, an automated slag-metal separation device and method that can adapt to the large slag volume smelting working conditions are urgently needed. At present, the degree of automation and separation effect of the device are still limited. Most existing devices are not designed to fully consider the dynamic changes of slag and molten steel under different smelting conditions, and cannot achieve precise control of the slag-metal separation process. Based on the above background, the present invention proposes an arc furnace slag-metal separation device and method for large slag volume smelting, aiming to achieve efficient and stable slag-metal separation through advanced automated control technology and precise monitoring means, and meet the high-standard requirements of modern smelting processes for product quality and production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an arc furnace slag-metal separation device and method for large slag volume smelting, aiming to improve the efficiency and accuracy of slag-metal separation, reduce manual intervention, and improve production safety and automation level.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: An arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag volume smelting, comprising:

[0006] A tapping hole 8, a slag tapping hole 5, a blowing gun 2, a slag-metal separation baffle 3, a weight sensor 7, a high-temperature camera 1 and an automatic control system;

[0007] The tapping hole 8 is arranged on one side of the furnace body, with a height 15%-20% higher than the average height of the reference slag interface, and is used for tapping steel after tilting the furnace body; wherein, the height of the reference slag interface refers to the average height of the interface between molten steel and slag from the furnace bottom under normal working conditions of the arc furnace;

[0008] The slag tapping hole 5 is arranged on the other side of the furnace body, with a height 10%-15% higher than the average height of the reference slag interface, and is used for automatic slag flowing;

[0009] The blowing guns 2 are respectively arranged at the tapping hole 8 and the slag tapping hole 5, and are used for blowing argon or nitrogen to prevent slag from flowing out of the tapping hole 8 or the slag tapping hole 5; the jet angle of the blowing gun 2 ranges from 35 to 40 degrees with the reference slag interface, and the gas flow rate adjustment range is 3000-3500 Nm 3 / h; when the nitrogen content at the end of smelting is less than or equal to 300 ppm, the blowing gas is selected as argon; when the nitrogen content at the end of smelting is greater than 300 ppm, the blowing gas is selected as nitrogen;

[0010] The slag-metal separation baffle 3 is a retractable baffle, made of high-temperature resistant refractory material, and the driving method is hydraulic pressure, and is used to control the flow paths of slag and molten steel. The operation range and position of the slag-metal separation baffle 3 are controlled by the automatic control system;

[0011] The weight sensor 7 is arranged at the bottom of the arc furnace and is used to monitor the total weight of the furnace body in real time to control the tapping amount and the slag tapping amount;

[0012] The high-temperature camera 1 is located 5-8 meters directly opposite the tapping hole 8 and is used to monitor whether there is slag carried out during tapping, so as to adjust the slag blocking of the slag-metal separation baffle 3;

[0013] The automatic control system is connected to the blowing gun 2, the slag-metal separation baffle 3, the weight sensor 7, and the high-temperature camera 1, and controls the operation sequence and timing of the above components through a PLC.

[0014] The blowing gun 2 further includes a water cooling system to ensure its normal operation and blowing effect in a high-temperature environment.

[0015] The jet angle adjustment range of the air blowing gun 2 is as follows: The jet angle is first set to 40 degrees to blow through the slag and expose the surface of the molten steel, and then the angle is reduced to push the slag to the other side; the gas flow rate of the air blowing gun 2 gradually increases until the slag is pushed to the other side.

[0016] The specific method for controlling the flow paths of the slag and molten steel is as follows: Subtract the weight of the electric arc furnace without molten steel and the retained molten steel amount per heat from the total weight of the electric arc furnace to obtain the target tapping amount; when 95% of the target tapping amount is reached, start the air blowing gun 2 at the slag tapping port to obtain the jet angle and gas flow rate.

[0017] The parameters of the air blowing gun 2 at the tapping port are adjusted based on the two parameters of the gas flow rate and jet angle of the air blowing gun 2 at the determined slag tapping port.

[0018] The process of slag blocking and tapping: Tilt the furnace body by 0 - 45 degrees, start the air blowing gun 2 at the tapping port to push the slag to the other side, lower the slag-metal separation baffle 3 to block the slag; when the high-temperature camera 1 monitors that there is slag within 8100 mm from the slag-metal separation baffle 3 to the tapping port, further increase the air blowing gun flow rate until no slag is carried out.

[0019] The high-temperature camera 1 is linked with the slag-metal separation baffle 3 for control. When the high-temperature camera 1 monitors that the proportion of slag during tapping exceeds 20%, the position of the slag-metal separation baffle 3 is further lowered to ensure that the slag is effectively isolated; the monitoring function of the high-temperature camera 1 is realized through a slag-metal image recognition algorithm, and the slag-metal image recognition algorithm includes the following steps: Denoise and enhance the image collected by the high-temperature camera; Extract the color features, texture features, and shape features in the image; Based on a pre-trained deep learning model, classify the extracted features to identify the slag and molten steel components in the image; Calculate the proportion of the identified slag in the image; When the proportion of slag exceeds the preset threshold, trigger a baffle adjustment signal.

[0020] An electric arc furnace slag-metal separation method for large slag volume smelting includes the following steps:

[0021] Step S1. Determine the reference slag interface height according to the slag line formed during the electric arc furnace smelting process, and set the tapping port 8 and the slag tapping port 5 accordingly; among them, the reference slag interface height is obtained by continuously monitoring the slag line positions in multiple smelting cycles and taking their average value.

[0022] Step S2. When the slag volume exceeds the height of the slag tapping port 5, the slag automatically flows out. When 80% of the slag tapping is completed, start the air blowing gun at the slag tapping port 5, adjust its flow rate and angle so that the slag no longer flows out from the slag tapping port 5, record the flow rate and angle parameters of the air blowing gun at the slag tapping port 5, and directly use these parameters as the initial parameter settings for the air blowing gun at the tapping port 8 during the next tapping operation.

[0023] Step S3. When the composition and temperature of the molten steel at the end point reach the tapping requirements, first blow argon or nitrogen through the blowing lance to push the slag to one side of the slag tapping port 5; during the blowing process, the nozzle angle and gas type of the blowing lance are adjusted according to the smelting requirements.

[0024] Step S4. After blowing, when the surface of the molten steel is exposed, lower the slag-metal separation baffle 3 to block the slag pushed to one side of the slag tapping port 5, and then tilt the furnace body towards the tapping port side to perform the tapping operation; when the high-temperature camera monitors that the slag composition in the molten steel is too much during tapping, further lower the position of the slag-metal separation baffle 3 to ensure that the slag is effectively isolated; monitor the reduction of the furnace body weight through the weight sensor 7 at the bottom of the furnace, calculate the tapping amount, and control the tapping.

[0025] Step S5. After tapping is completed, the furnace body returns to the upright position. When the remaining amount of slag in the furnace exceeds 10% of the original slag amount, the furnace body is tilted towards the slag tapping port 5, and the excess slag is discharged through the slag tapping port 5; this process is monitored and adjusted by the automatic control system.

[0026] The nozzle angle and gas type of the blowing lance are adjusted according to the smelting requirements as follows: taking the distance from the reference slag interface to the furnace bottom as the height and the diameter of the reference slag interface as the diameter, the height-diameter ratio range of the electric arc furnace is 1.5 - 2, and the lowest descending position of the slag-metal separation baffle 3 is 1 / 3 - 2 / 3 of the distance from the reference slag interface to the furnace bottom.

[0027] Advantages of the present invention: By adopting the retractable slag-metal separation baffle and high-temperature camera monitoring technology, the present invention effectively controls the flow paths of the molten steel and the slag. The slag-metal separation baffle can accurately adjust its position according to the actual situation to ensure the effective separation of the slag and the molten steel. Especially during tapping, the high-temperature camera monitors the slag content in the molten steel in real time, and combines with the deep learning algorithm to identify and classify the slag and metal components, automatically adjusting the baffle position to effectively isolate the slag, greatly improving the accuracy and stability of slag-metal separation, reducing the impurity content in the molten steel, and thus improving the purity and quality of the steel.

[0028] The present invention adopts an automatic control system to precisely control the processes of tapping, slag discharging, blowing, baffle adjustment, etc. through PLC, significantly reducing the dependence on manual operations, and reducing the operation risks and production instabilities caused by human errors. During the entire smelting process, the automatic control system can automatically execute various operations according to the real-time monitored data, ensuring the accuracy and consistency of slag-metal separation, and effectively improving the automation level and production efficiency of production.

[0029] During the smelting process of traditional electric arc furnaces with a large amount of slag, due to the increase in the amount of slag, it is often difficult to achieve effective slag-metal separation, resulting in low production efficiency. To address this issue, the present invention optimizes the position settings of the tapping hole and slag tapping hole, and combines with the design of an adjustable blowing gun to ensure that the slag can be quickly and smoothly discharged from the slag tapping hole, avoiding excessive accumulation of slag in the furnace body, which affects the flow of molten steel and the tapping operation. At the same time, the blowing gun can flexibly adjust the jet angle and gas type according to the smelting requirements, further improving the slag blowing effect and slag-metal separation efficiency, enabling the present invention to adapt to the complex working conditions of large slag volume smelting and significantly enhancing the smelting production efficiency.

[0030] The weight sensor and high-temperature camera in the present invention can real-time monitor key parameters during the smelting process, such as the weight of the furnace body and the content of slag in the molten steel, etc., and transmit this data to the automated control system for processing and feedback control. The weight sensor features high precision and high temperature resistance, enabling accurate measurement in a high-temperature smelting environment, thereby precisely controlling the tapping amount and slag tapping amount. The high-temperature camera uses existing image recognition algorithms to real-time identify and analyze the slag content in the molten steel, and timely adjust the position of the baffle to prevent slag from mixing into the molten steel. The combination of this real-time monitoring and intelligent control not only improves the accuracy of operation but also greatly enhances the safety and reliability of the smelting process, avoiding possible production accidents and quality problems.

[0031] Through automated control and intelligent management, the present invention reduces the dependence on manual operation and lowers the labor cost. At the same time, due to the improvement of separation efficiency and accuracy, the impurity content in the molten steel decreases, the product quality is improved, and the subsequent processing and refining costs are reduced. In addition, the design of the blowing gun can selectively blow nitrogen or a mixed gas of nitrogen and argon according to the steel type, avoiding unnecessary argon waste, thereby reducing the gas supply cost. In summary, the present invention not only improves production efficiency and product quality but also effectively reduces production costs, significantly enhancing the economic benefits of smelting enterprises. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag volume smelting according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the slag-metal separation method of the arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag volume smelting according to the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. High-temperature camera; 2. Blowing gun; 3. Slag-metal separation baffle; 4. Electrode; 5. Slag tapping hole; 6. Slag; 7. Weight sensor; 8. Tapping hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0035] The present invention provides an arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag volume smelting, including:

[0036] Tapping hole 8: Located on one side of the furnace body, 15%-20% higher than the reference slag interface height, and is used to perform tapping operation after tilting the furnace body. The reference slag interface height refers to the average height of the interface between molten steel and slag 6 under the normal working conditions of the electric arc furnace.

[0037] Slag tapping hole 5: Located on the other side of the furnace body, 10%-15% higher than the average height of the reference slag interface, and is used for automatic slag flowing.

[0038] Blowing gun 2: Set at the tapping hole 8 and the slag tapping hole 5, and is used to blow argon or nitrogen to prevent slag 6 from flowing out of the tapping hole 9 or the slag tapping hole 5; the jet angle and gas flow rate of the blowing gun 2 are adjustable, and it can selectively blow nitrogen, argon or their mixed gas according to the nitrogen content requirements of the steel grade being smelted to optimize the gas supply cost. The jet angle of the blowing gun 2 ranges from 30 to 40 degrees with respect to the reference slag interface, and the gas flow rate adjustment range is 3000-3500 Nm 3 / h; when the nitrogen content at the end of smelting is less than or equal to 300 ppm, the blowing gas is selected as argon; when the nitrogen content at the end of smelting is greater than 300 ppm, the blowing gas is selected as nitrogen.

[0039] The blowing gun also includes a water cooling system to ensure its normal operation and blowing effect in a high-temperature environment.

[0040] Slag-metal separation baffle 3: A retractable baffle made of high-temperature resistant refractory material, with a hydraulic drive method, and is used to control the flow paths of slag 6 and molten steel. The operation range and position of the baffle are controlled by an automated control system.

[0041] Weight sensor 7: Set at the bottom of the electric arc furnace, and is used to monitor the total weight of the furnace body in real time to control the tapping amount and slag tapping amount. The weight sensor 7 has high precision and high temperature resistance to ensure accurate measurement in a high-temperature smelting environment.

[0042] High-temperature camera 1: Used to monitor whether there is slag 6 carried out during tapping, and based on this, adjust the baffle to block slag. The high-temperature camera 1 monitors through a slag-metal image recognition algorithm, which includes denoising and enhancing the images collected by the high-temperature camera 1, extracting the color, texture and shape features in the images, and classifying the extracted features based on a pre-trained deep learning model to identify the slag and metal components in the images. When the proportion of slag 6 exceeds a preset threshold, a baffle adjustment signal is triggered.

[0043] The electrode 4 is located inside the electric arc furnace and is used for smelting.

[0044] Automated control system: Controls the operation sequence and timing of the above components through a PLC, realizes the automation of tapping, slag tapping and blowing operations, and avoids operation errors.

[0045] The present invention also provides a method for separating slag and metal in an electric arc furnace for large slag volume smelting, comprising the following steps:

[0046] 1. According to the slag line formed during the smelting process of the electric arc furnace, determine the reference slag interface height, and set the tapping hole 9 and the slag tapping hole 5 accordingly. The reference slag interface height is obtained by continuously monitoring the slag line positions in multiple smelting cycles and taking their average value.

[0047] 2. When the slag volume exceeds the height of the slag tapping hole 5, the slag automatically flows out. When the slag tapping is near the end, start the slag tapping hole gas blowing gun 2, adjust its flow rate and angle, so that the slag no longer flows out from the slag tapping hole, record the flow rate and angle parameters of the slag tapping hole gas blowing gun 2, and directly use these parameters as the initial parameter settings of the tapping hole gas blowing gun 2 during the next tapping operation.

[0048] 3. When the end-point composition and temperature of the molten steel meet the tapping requirements, first blow argon or nitrogen through the gas blowing gun to push the slag to one side of the slag tapping hole. During the blowing process, the nozzle angle and gas type of the gas blowing gun 2 are adjusted according to the smelting requirements.

[0049] 4. After blowing, when the surface of the molten steel is exposed, lower the slag-metal separation baffle 3 to block the slag pushed to one side of the slag tapping hole 5, and then tilt the furnace body towards the tapping hole 9 side to perform the tapping operation. When the high-temperature camera 1 monitors that the slag composition is excessive during tapping, further lower the position of the slag-metal separation baffle 3 to ensure that the slag is effectively isolated. Monitor the reduction of the furnace body weight through the weight sensor 7 at the furnace bottom, calculate the tapping volume, and control the tapping.

[0050] 5. After tapping, the furnace body returns to the upright position. When the remaining slag volume in the furnace is excessive, tilt the furnace body towards the slag tapping hole 5 side, and discharge the excess slag through the slag tapping hole 5. This process is monitored and adjusted by an automated control system to ensure the accuracy and safety of the operation.

[0051] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0052] This embodiment is based on combining Figure 1 and Figure 2 to illustrate the electric arc furnace slag-metal separation device and its application method of the present invention.

[0053] Specific Embodiment 1: As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides an electric arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag volume smelting, which mainly includes the following components:

[0054] 1. Taphole 8: The taphole 8 is located at the upper part of one side of the electric arc furnace, and its height is set at a position about 320 mm from the height of the reference slag interface, ensuring that the molten steel can flow out smoothly without entraining too much slag after tilting the furnace body. The height range of the taphole is between 300 mm and 350 mm, and it is adjusted according to the furnace type and steel grade specifically.

[0055] 2. Slag tapping hole 5: The slag tapping hole 5 is arranged on one side of the electric arc furnace, and its height is set at a position 10%-15% of the height of the reference slag interface, that is, between 230 mm and 250 mm. When the slag volume exceeds this height, the slag will flow out automatically, thus avoiding the excessive slag affecting the smelting effect.

[0056] 3. Blowing gun 2: The blowing gun 2 is installed above the taphole 8, and is used to blow argon or nitrogen before tapping to push the slag to one side of the slag tapping hole 5. The blowing gun on the other side is installed above the slag tapping hole 5 to prevent the overflow of excess slag.

[0057] The nozzle angle is adjustable, and the adjustment range is from 30° to 40°, with the initial setting being 40°. According to the slag volume in the furnace and the exposure of the molten steel, the nozzle angle can be further reduced. The gas blowing flow rate is controlled between 500 and 1000 standard cubic meters per hour, and a 700 Nm 3 / h argon or nitrogen mixed gas is recommended.

[0058] 4. Slag-metal separation baffle 3: The slag-metal separation baffle 3 is a retractable hydraulically driven baffle, and its material is high-temperature resistant refractory. The retractable height range of the baffle is between 200 mm and 250 mm, and it is usually set at 225 mm to effectively block the slag flowing towards the taphole. The position and operation of the baffle are adjusted by the automated control system according to the real-time monitoring data.

[0059] 5. Weight sensor 7: The weight sensor 7 is installed at the bottom of the electric arc furnace and is used to monitor the total weight of the furnace body in real time. The accuracy of the sensor is controlled within ±0.05%, and it can accurately measure in a high-temperature environment of 0℃ to 1500℃, ensuring the precise control of the tapping and slag tapping amounts.

[0060] 6. High-temperature camera 1: The high-temperature camera 1 is set at a position close to the taphole 8 and is used to monitor the slag content during tapping. The imaging speed of the camera is 120 frames per second, and the resolution is 3840x2160 pixels. It analyzes the slag composition in real time through the slag-metal image recognition algorithm and adjusts the position of the slag-metal separation baffle 3 according to the slag proportion.

[0061] 7. Automated control system: The automated control system controls the operation sequence and timing of all components through the PLC. The response time of the system is set at 20 milliseconds to ensure rapid response and precise adjustment of the operation parameters during smelting.

[0062] As Figure 2 shown, the method for separating slag and metal from the electric arc furnace slag of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0063] Step S1, determining the reference slag interface height: During the smelting process, the reference slag interface height is determined by continuously monitoring the slag line positions in the past 10 smelting cycles and taking their average value. This height is usually between 800 mm and 850 mm and is used to set the positions of the tapping hole 8 and the slag tapping hole 5.

[0064] Step S2, automatic slag flowing: When the amount of slag in the furnace exceeds the height of the slag tapping hole 5, which is between 800 mm and 850 mm, the slag will automatically flow out of the furnace body to ensure that the amount of slag will not be excessive and affect the smelting process. Near the end of slag tapping, start the gas blowing gun at the slag tapping hole, adjust its flow rate and angle so that the slag no longer flows out of the slag tapping hole; record the flow rate and angle parameters of the gas blowing gun at the slag tapping hole and directly use these parameters as the initial parameter settings for the gas blowing gun at the tapping hole during the next tapping operation.

[0065] Step S3, blowing and pushing the slag: When the composition and temperature of the molten steel reach the tapping requirements, blow 700 Nm 3 / h of argon or nitrogen into the furnace through the gas blowing gun 2 to push the slag to the side of the slag tapping hole 5. The initial nozzle angle is set to 30°, and it is adjusted to 35° or 40° when necessary to ensure the best slag pushing effect.

[0066] Step S4, tapping and separating slag and metal: After the blowing operation is completed, when the surface of the molten steel is exposed, the automatic control system will lower the slag-metal separation baffle 3 to the set position, which is between 200 mm and 250 mm, to block the slag pushed to the side of the slag tapping hole 5. Then tilt the furnace body to the side of the tapping hole 8, and set the tilt angle at about 20° to start the tapping operation. The high-temperature camera 1 monitors the proportion of slag in real time during the tapping process. If the slag content is too high, the system will further lower the position of the baffle 3 to ensure that the slag is effectively isolated. The weight sensor 7 at the bottom of the furnace monitors the reduction of the furnace body weight, calculates the tapping amount, and adjusts the tapping operation.

[0067] Step S5, completing tapping and slag tapping: After tapping is completed, the furnace body returns to the upright position. If there is still a large amount of slag remaining in the furnace, the system will tilt the furnace body to the side of the slag tapping hole 5 and discharge the excess slag through the slag tapping hole. The whole process is monitored by the automatic control system, and the response time is set to 20 milliseconds to ensure the accuracy and safety of the operation.

[0068] Through the quantitative parameter settings of the above device structure and method operation, the present invention can more efficiently and stably complete the slag-metal separation during the smelting process with a large amount of slag, reduce the loss of molten steel, improve the smelting efficiency, and enhance the safety of the operation.

Claims

1. An arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag smelting, characterized in that: include: A steel outlet (8), a slag outlet (5), an air blowing gun (2), a slag-metal separation baffle (3), a weight sensor (7), a high-temperature camera (1) and an automatic control system; The steel tapping port (8) is arranged on one side of the furnace body, and its height is 15%-20% higher than the average height of the reference slag interface, and is used to perform the steel tapping operation after the furnace body is dumped; wherein the average height of the reference slag interface refers to the average height of the interface between the molten steel and the slag from the furnace bottom under normal working conditions of the electric arc furnace; The slag outlet (5) is arranged on the other side of the furnace body, and its height is 10%-15% higher than the average height of the reference slag interface, and is used for automatic slag flow; The air blowing gun (2) is respectively arranged at the steel outlet (8) and the slag outlet (5) for blowing argon or nitrogen to prevent the slag from flowing out of the steel outlet (8) or the slag outlet (5); the air blowing angle of the air blowing gun (2) is in the range of 30-40 degrees to the reference slag interface, and the gas flow rate adjustment range is 3000-3500Nm 3 / h; when the nitrogen content at the smelting end point is less than or equal to 300ppm, argon is selected as the blowing gas; when the nitrogen content at the smelting end point is greater than 300ppm, nitrogen is selected as the blowing gas; The slag-metal separation baffle (3) is a retractable baffle made of high-temperature resistant refractory material and driven by hydraulic pressure, and is used to control the flow path of slag and molten steel. The operating range and position of the slag-metal separation baffle (3) are controlled by an automatic control system; The weight sensor (7) is arranged at the bottom of the electric arc furnace and is used to monitor the total weight of the furnace body in real time to control the amount of steel and slag discharged; The high temperature camera (1) is located 5-8 meters away from the steel outlet (8) and is used to monitor whether slag is brought out during steel tapping, so as to adjust the slag-metal separation baffle (3) to block slag; The automatic control system is connected to the air blowing gun (2), the slag-metal separation baffle (3), the weight sensor (7), and the high-temperature camera (1), and controls the operation sequence and timing of the above components through the PLC.

2. The arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag smelting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air blowing gun (2) also includes a water cooling system to ensure its normal operation and blowing effect in a high temperature environment.

3. The electric arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag smelting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The adjustment range of the jet angle of the air blowing gun (2) is as follows: the jet angle is first set to 40 degrees to blow through the slag and expose the surface of the molten steel, and then the angle is lowered to push the slag to the other side; the gas flow of the air blowing gun (2) is gradually increased until the slag is pushed to the other side.

4. The arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag smelting according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The control of the flow paths of slag and molten steel is specifically as follows: the total weight of the electric arc furnace is subtracted from the weight of the electric arc furnace without molten steel, and then the amount of steel retained in each furnace is subtracted to obtain the target steel output; when 95% of the target steel output is reached, the air blowing gun (2) at the slag outlet is started to obtain the jet angle and gas flow rate; The parameters of the air blowing gun (2) at the steel outlet are adjusted based on the two parameters of the gas flow rate and the jet angle of the air blowing gun (2) at the slag outlet that have been determined; Slag blocking steel tapping process: tilt the furnace body 0-45 degrees, start the air blowing gun (2) at the steel tapping port, push the slag to the other side, lower the slag-metal separation baffle (3) to block the slag; when the high-temperature camera (1) detects that there is slag within 100mm of the slag-metal separation baffle (3) from the steel tapping port (8), further increase the flow rate of the air blowing gun until the slag is not brought out.

5. The electric arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag smelting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The high temperature camera (1) is controlled in linkage with the slag-metal separation baffle (3). When the high temperature camera (1) detects that the proportion of slag during steelmaking exceeds 20%, the position of the slag-metal separation baffle (3) is further lowered to ensure that the slag is effectively isolated. The monitoring function of the high temperature camera (1) is realized by a slag-metal image recognition algorithm. The slag-metal image recognition algorithm comprises the following steps: denoising and enhancing the image captured by the high temperature camera; extracting color features, texture features and shape features in the image; classifying the extracted features based on a pre-trained deep learning model to identify the slag and molten steel components in the image; calculating the proportion of the identified slag in the image; and triggering a baffle adjustment signal when the slag proportion exceeds a preset threshold.

6. A method for separating gold from slag in an electric arc furnace for large slag smelting, applied to the device for separating gold from slag in an electric arc furnace for large slag smelting as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1. According to the slag line formed during the smelting process of the electric arc furnace, determine the average height of the reference slag interface, and set the steel outlet (8) and the slag outlet (5) accordingly; wherein the average height of the reference slag interface is obtained by continuously monitoring the slag line position of multiple smelting cycles and taking the average value thereof; Step S2. When the amount of slag exceeds the height of the slag outlet (5), the slag automatically flows out. When 80% of the slag is discharged, the air blowing gun at the slag outlet (5) is started, and its flow rate and angle are adjusted so that the slag no longer flows out of the slag outlet (5). The flow rate and angle parameters of the air blowing gun at the slag outlet (5) are recorded, and these parameters are directly used as the initial parameter settings of the air blowing gun at the steel outlet (8) during the next steel tapping operation. Step S3. When the final composition and temperature of the molten steel meet the tapping requirements, firstly, argon or nitrogen is blown through an air blowing gun to push the slag to one side of the slag outlet (5); during the blowing process, the nozzle angle and gas type of the air blowing gun are adjusted according to the smelting requirements; Step S4. After blowing, when the surface of the molten steel is exposed, the slag-metal separation baffle (3) is lowered to block the slag pushed to the side of the slag outlet (5), and then the furnace body is tilted toward the steel outlet to perform the steel tapping operation; when the high-temperature camera (1) detects that the slag component is too much during steel tapping, the position of the slag-metal separation baffle (3) is further lowered to ensure that the slag is effectively isolated; the weight sensor (7) at the bottom of the furnace monitors the weight reduction of the furnace body, calculates the steel tapping amount, and controls the steel tapping; Step S5. After the steel is tapped, the furnace body returns to the normal position. When the amount of slag remaining in the furnace exceeds 10% of the original amount of slag, the furnace body tilts toward the slag outlet (5) to discharge the excess slag through the slag outlet (5). This process is monitored and regulated by an automatic control system.

7. The method for separating slag from gold in an electric arc furnace for large slag smelting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The nozzle angle and gas type of the air blowing gun are adjusted according to the smelting requirements as follows: the distance from the reference slag interface to the furnace bottom is taken as the height, the diameter of the reference slag interface is taken as the diameter, the height-to-diameter ratio range of the electric arc furnace is 1.5-2, and the lowest descending position of the slag-metal separation baffle (3) is 1 / 3-2 / 3 of the distance from the reference slag interface to the furnace bottom.

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