Antibacterial PVA material and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The application relates to an antibacterial PVA material and a preparation process thereof, and belongs to the technical field of PVA materials. The preparation process comprises the following steps: S1, pretreating part of raw materials to obtain a base solution, sepiolite A and a blending material, and reserving; S2, mixing sepiolite A, cardamom essential oil, anise essential oil and blue eucalyptus essential oil to obtain sepiolite B, and reserving; S3, mixing sepiolite B, the base solution, diatomite, the blending material and a dispersing agent to prepare a PVA spinning solution; S4, preparing the PVA spinning solution into a PVA fiber; and S5, processing the PVA fiber into a non-woven fabric, namely, the antibacterial PVA material finished product. The three essential oils, namely, the cardamom essential oil, the anise essential oil and the blue eucalyptus essential oil, are used in combination, so that the prepared PVA material has excellent bacteriostatic effect. Meanwhile, the prepared PVA material has outstanding hydrophilicity, and can be easily dissolved in water.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of PVA materials, and particularly relates to an antibacterial PVA material and a preparation process thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] PVA is a material soluble in water, and has the characteristics of flexibility, light weight, air permeability, easy decomposition, non-toxicity, non-irritation, low price, recyclability and the like. These characteristics make the PVA material have a wide application prospect in the fields of agriculture, medical treatment, light industry and the like. For example, in the field of agriculture, the PVA material is often made into a non-woven fabric to be used as a covering material to improve the soil temperature and promote the growth of crops; in the field of medical treatment, the PVA material is often made into a non-woven fabric with antibacterial and hydrophilic properties to be used in female hygiene products and baby paper diapers, the non-woven fabric with hydrophilic properties can quickly guide the liquid into the absorption layer and reduce the back seepage of the liquid as much as possible, thereby providing a better use experience and protection effect; and the non-woven fabric with antibacterial properties can well prevent the spread of pathogens, and has an important significance for protecting public health.

[0003] However, most of the commercially available PVA materials cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of antibacterial and hydrophilic properties, or the materials with both properties have poor performance. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims to provide an antibacterial PVA material and a preparation process thereof, and solves the problem of poor antibacterial and hydrophilic properties of the PVA material in the prior art.

[0005] The application can be realized by the following technical scheme.

[0006] A preparation process of an antibacterial PVA material, and the preparation process specifically comprises the following steps.

[0007] S1, pretreating part of raw materials to obtain a base solution, sepiolite A and a blending material, and reserving them;

[0008] S2, mixing and treating the sepiolite A and the cubeb essential oil, the aniseed essential oil and the blue gum essential oil to obtain sepiolite B, and reserving it;

[0009] S3, mixing and treating the sepiolite B, the base solution, diatomite, the blending material and a dispersing agent to prepare a PVA spinning solution;

[0010] S4, preparing the PVA spinning solution into a PVA fiber;

[0011] S5, processing the PVA fiber into a non-woven fabric, that is, the antibacterial PVA material finished product.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, step S1 is specifically: PVA and pure water are configured into a PVA solution, temperature control and stirring are performed to obtain a base solution, which is ready for use; sepiolite and a 1% hydrochloric acid solution are mixed and stirred, centrifugal washing is performed, temperature control drying is performed to obtain sepiolite A, which is ready for use; styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and a sodium hydroxide solution are uniformly mixed and temperature control stirring is performed, a 10% hydrochloric acid solution is added to adjust pH, and deionized water is added and stirred uniformly to obtain a blended material, which is ready for use.

[0013] Further, the PVA has a polymerization degree of 1800-2000.

[0014] Further, the sepiolite is 800 mesh.

[0015] Further, the mass ratio of the sepiolite to the hydrochloric acid solution is 1:5.5-6; and the usage ratio of the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, the sodium hydroxide solution and the deionized water is 1g:6-8g:700-800mL.

[0016] Further, the PVA solution has a mass fraction of 3%; and the sodium hydroxide solution has a mass fraction of 5%.

[0017] Further, the temperature control and stirring are performed at a temperature of 90-95℃ for 5-6h; the sepiolite and the hydrochloric acid solution are mixed and stirred for 1-1.5h; the temperature control drying is performed at a temperature of 85-90℃; the temperature control stirring is performed at a temperature of 25-27℃ for 1.5-2h; and the pH adjustment is adjusted to pH=5.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, step S2 is specifically: sepiolite A and anhydrous ethanol are mixed and ultrasonic dispersion is performed, cubeb essential oil, anise essential oil and blue eucalyptus essential oil are added, uniformly mixed and stirred, temperature control drying is performed to obtain sepiolite B.

[0019] Further, the usage ratio of the sepiolite A, the anhydrous ethanol, the cubeb essential oil, the anise essential oil and the blue eucalyptus essential oil is 2-3g:15-18mL:0.03-0.04g:0.04-0.05g:0.02-0.03g.

[0020] Further, the cardamom essential oil is obtained by the conventional steam distillation method with water as the solvent, with the use amount ratio of cardamom seeds to water being 1g:15mL; the cumin essential oil is obtained by the conventional steam distillation method with 70% alcohol as the solvent, with the use amount ratio of cumin seeds to alcohol being 1g:10mL; and the blue gum essential oil is obtained by the conventional steam distillation method with 50% alcohol as the solvent, with the use amount ratio of blue gum leaves to alcohol being 1g:10mL.

[0021] Further, the ultrasonic dispersion time is 10-15min; the stirring time is 24-26h; and the temperature for temperature-controlled drying is 55-60℃, and the time is 8-10h.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the step S3 is specifically: mixing the sepiolite B and the base fluid uniformly, and then ultrasonic dispersion and homogenization, and then magnetic stirring of the diatomite, the blending material and the dispersant to obtain the PVA spinning solution.

[0023] Further, the diatomite is 600 mesh.

[0024] Further, the mass ratio of the sepiolite B, the base fluid, the diatomite, the blending material and the dispersant is 0.8-1:20-22:0.75-0.85:0.5-0.8:0.5-0.7.

[0025] Further, the ultrasonic dispersion and homogenization time is 2-3min each; and the magnetic stirring time is 1-1.5h.

[0026] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the step S4 is specifically: obtaining the PVA fiber under the conditions that the spinning plate hole diameter is 0.8-2mm, the spinning temperature is 80-90℃, the hot air temperature is 120-150℃, the ring type air blowing, and the hot air drawing ratio of the fiber is 2-5 times.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the step S5 is specifically: arranging the PVA fiber randomly on the hot roller under the action of the hot air flow for thermal bonding, and then performing the aldehyde bath treatment to obtain the antibacterial PVA material finished product.

[0028] Further, the aldehyde bath composition is: sulfuric acid 210-225g / L, sodium sulfate 68-70g / L, and formaldehyde 22-25g / L; the aldehyde bath temperature is 60-70℃, and the aldehyde bath time is 15-18min.

[0029] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the present application further provides a PVA material prepared by the preparation process.

[0030] Advantages of the present application:

[0031] (1) The present application adds pimento oil containing β-pinene, 1,8-eucalyptol and p-cymene, which has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect; adds aniseed oil, the main component of which is anisaldehyde, also containing α-cedrene and β-bisabolene, which can destroy the structure of bacterial biofilm and cause endogenous substances to leak; adds blue gum oil rich in 1,8-eucalyptol, also containing pinene, terpinyl acetate and α-terpineol, which can affect the activity of enzymes related to bacterial physiological metabolism and interfere with the normal physiological metabolism process of bacteria; that is, the present application uses pimento oil, aniseed oil and blue gum oil in combination, respectively from the different dimensions of broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, destruction of bacterial biofilm structure and interference with normal physiological metabolism of bacteria, to synergistically increase the antibacterial effect of the compounded oil; on this basis, the porous structure of sepiolite is also used to adsorb the compounded oil in sepiolite, which can effectively achieve the effect of slow-release antibacterial oil, and finally polyvinyl alcohol solution is used as the matrix to prepare PVA material containing sepiolite adsorbed with compounded oil, which also makes the PVA material have excellent antibacterial effect.

[0032] (2) The present application adds styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, which introduces polar hydrophilic oxygen-containing groups into the system, improves the hydrophilic property of the system, and at the same time constructs a network structure, on the basis of which diatomite and sepiolite are compounded and dispersed in the network structure to form micropores, which form excellent channels between these pore structures, auxiliary increase the contact area between the material inside and the outside, thereby improving the hydrophilicity of the PVA material, and then making the PVA material easily soluble in water, and the PVA material product has outstanding solubility. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.

[0034] The piper hancei essential oil is obtained by the following steps: taking the dried seeds of the perennial herbaceous plant piper hancei of the ginger family as the raw material, taking water as the solvent, and using the conventional steam distillation method according to the use amount ratio of the piper hancei seeds and water 1g:15mL; the aniseed essential oil is obtained by the following steps: taking the dried seeds of the herbaceous plant aniseed of the umbelliferae family as the raw material, taking 70% alcohol as the solvent, and using the conventional steam distillation method according to the use amount ratio of the aniseed seeds and alcohol 1g:10mL; the eucalyptus globulus essential oil is obtained by the following steps: taking the dried leaves of the arbor eucalyptus globulus of the myrtle family as the raw material, taking 50% alcohol as the solvent, and using the conventional steam distillation method according to the use amount ratio of the eucalyptus globulus leaves and alcohol 1g:10mL; the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer used in the embodiment of the present application is purchased from Wuhan Kemik Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd.; subsequent details are not described.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] A preparation process of an antibacterial PVA material, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1, a PVA with a polymerization degree of 1900 and pure water are configured into a PVA solution with a mass fraction of 3%, temperature control is 90℃ and stirring is 5h, a base solution is obtained and is ready for use; sepiolite and a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 1% are mixed and stirred for 1h, centrifugal washing is performed, temperature control is 90℃ and drying is performed, sepiolite A is obtained and is ready for use; styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 5% are uniformly mixed, temperature control is 27℃, stirring is 1.5h, a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 10% is added to adjust pH to 5, and deionized water is added and stirred uniformly, a blending material is obtained and is ready for use;

[0038] The mass ratio of the sepiolite and the hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 1% is 1:5.5; the use amount ratio of the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, the sodium hydroxide solution and the deionized water is 1g:8g:700mL;

[0039] S2, sepiolite A and anhydrous ethanol are mixed and ultrasonic dispersion is performed for 10min, piper hancei essential oil, aniseed essential oil and eucalyptus globulus essential oil are added, uniformly mixed and stirred for 24h, and then temperature control is 58℃ and drying is performed for 10h, sepiolite B is obtained;

[0040] The use amount ratio of the sepiolite A, the anhydrous ethanol, the piper hancei essential oil, the aniseed essential oil and the eucalyptus globulus essential oil is 2g:18mL:0.035g:0.05g:0.02g;

[0041] S3, sepiolite B and the base solution are uniformly mixed, ultrasonic and homogenization are performed for 2.5min respectively, 600 mesh diatomite, the blending material and a warm spit 80 magnetic stirrer are added and stirring is performed for 1h, a PVA spinning solution is obtained;

[0042] The mass ratio of the sepiolite B, base solution, diatomite, blend and dispersant is 0.8:21:0.75:0.5:0.7;

[0043] S4, the PVA fiber was prepared under the conditions that the spinning plate hole diameter is 0.8mm, the spinning temperature is 85℃, the hot air temperature is 150℃, the ring type air blowing, and the hot air drawing ratio of the fiber is 2 times;

[0044] S5, the PVA fiber prepared in step S4 is randomly arranged and heat-bonded on the hot roller under the action of hot air flow, and then is treated in an aldehyde bath, thereby obtaining the antibacterial PVA material product;

[0045] The aldehyde bath is composed of sulfuric acid 210g / L, sodium sulfate 68g / L and formaldehyde 25g / L; the aldehyde temperature is 60℃, and the aldehyde time is 15min;

[0046] The PVA material prepared in the example has a grammage of 50g / m 2 .

[0047] Example 2

[0048] A preparation process of an antibacterial PVA material, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1, PVA with a polymerization degree of 1800 and pure water are configured into a PVA solution with a mass fraction of 3%, the temperature is controlled at 95℃ and stirring is performed for 5.5h, thereby obtaining a base solution for standby; sepiolite and a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 1% are mixed and stirred for 1h, centrifugal washing is performed, the temperature is controlled at 85℃ for drying, thereby obtaining sepiolite A for standby; styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 5% are uniformly mixed and the temperature is controlled at 25℃ for stirring for 2h, a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 10% is added to adjust pH to 5, and then deionized water is added for uniform stirring, thereby obtaining a blend for standby;

[0050] The mass ratio of the sepiolite and the hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 1% is 1:6; the use amount ratio of the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, the sodium hydroxide solution and the deionized water is 1g:6g:750mL;

[0051] S2, sepiolite A and anhydrous ethanol are mixed and ultrasonic dispersion is performed for 12.5min, patchouli essential oil, anise essential oil and blue eucalyptus essential oil are uniformly mixed and stirred for 25h, and then the temperature is controlled at 55℃ for drying for 9h, thereby obtaining sepiolite B;

[0052] The use amount ratio of the sepiolite A, anhydrous ethanol, patchouli essential oil, anise essential oil and blue eucalyptus essential oil is 3g:15mL:0.04g:0.04g:0.03g;

[0053] S3, the sepiolite B, base solution is mixed evenly and is first ultrasonic and then is homogenized each 2 minutes, 600 mesh diatomite, blending material and warm spit 80 magnetic force is stirred 1h, PVA spinning solution is obtained;

[0054] The mass ratio of the sepiolite B, base solution, diatomite, blending material and dispersing agent is 1:20:0.8:0.65:0.5;

[0055] S4, the PVA spinning solution prepared in step S3 is prepared under the conditions that the spinneret hole diameter is 1.5mm, the spinning temperature is 80 DEG C, the hot air temperature is 120 DEG C, the ring type air blowing, and the hot air drawing ratio of the fiber is 5 times.

[0056] S5, the PVA fiber prepared in step S4 is arranged randomly on the hot roller under the action of hot air flow and is hot bonded into shape, and then is treated in formaldehyde bath, and the antibacterial PVA material finished product is obtained.

[0057] The formaldehyde bath is composed of sulfuric acid 225g / L, sodium sulfate 69g / L and formaldehyde 22g / L, the formaldehyde temperature is 65 DEG C, and the formaldehyde time is 16.5 minutes.

[0058] The PVA material prepared in this embodiment has a grammage of 45g / m 2 .

[0059] Example 3

[0060] A preparation process of an antibacterial PVA material, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0061] S1, PVA with a degree of polymerization of 2000 and pure water are configured into a PVA solution with a mass fraction of 3%, temperature control is 93 DEG C and stirring is 6h, a base solution is obtained and is ready for use; sepiolite and a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 1% are mixed and stirred for 1.5h, centrifugal washing is carried out, temperature control is 88 DEG C and drying is carried out, sepiolite A is obtained and is ready for use; styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass fraction of 5% are mixed evenly and temperature control is 226 DEG C, stirring is 2h, a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 10% is added to adjust pH=5, and deionized water is added and stirred evenly, a blending material is obtained and is ready for use;

[0062] The mass ratio of the sepiolite and the hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 1% is 1:5.7; the dosage ratio of the styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, the sodium hydroxide solution and the deionized water is 1g:7g:800mL;

[0063] S2, the sepiolite A and anhydrous ethanol are mixed and ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 15min, cubebene oil, aniseed oil and blue eucalyptus oil are mixed evenly and stirring is carried out for 26h, and then temperature control is 60 DEG C and drying is carried out for 8h, sepiolite B is obtained.

[0064] The amount ratio of the sepiolite A, anhydrous ethanol, cardamom essential oil, anise essential oil and blue gum essential oil is 2.5g:16.5mL:0.03g:0.045g:0.025g;

[0065] S3, the sepiolite B, base fluid are mixed uniformly and then are ultrasonic and homogenized for 3 minutes respectively, the diatomite, blending material and warm spit 80 are added and are stirred for 1.5 hours under the action of magnetic force, and the PVA spinning solution is obtained;

[0066] The mass ratio of the sepiolite B, base fluid, diatomite, blending material and dispersing agent is 0.9:22:0.85:0.8:0.6;

[0067] S4, the PVA fiber is prepared under the conditions that the spinning temperature is 90 DEG C, the hot air temperature is 135 DEG C, the circular blowing is adopted, and the drawing multiple of the hot air to the fiber is 3 times, wherein the PVA spinning solution prepared in step S3 is used as the raw material, and the spinning plate hole diameter is 2mm;

[0068] S5, the PVA fiber prepared in step S4 is arranged randomly on the hot roller under the action of the hot air flow and is heat-bonded into a shape, and then is treated in the aldehyde bath, and the antibacterial PVA material finished product is obtained;

[0069] The aldehyde bath is composed of sulfuric acid 217g / L, sodium sulfate 70g / L and formaldehyde 23g / L, the aldehyde temperature is 70 DEG C, and the aldehyde time is 18 minutes.

[0070] The PVA material prepared in the embodiment has the grammage of 55g / m 2 .

[0071] Comparative Example 1

[0072] Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference lies in that the cardamom essential oil is not added in step S2 of the comparative example 1, that is, the amount ratio of the sepiolite A, anhydrous ethanol, anise essential oil and blue gum essential oil is 2g:18mL:0.067g:0.038g, and the rest of the operation steps and parameters are unchanged.

[0073] Comparative Example 2

[0074] Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference lies in that the anise essential oil is not added in step S2 of the comparative example 2, that is, the amount ratio of the sepiolite A, anhydrous ethanol, cardamom essential oil and blue gum essential oil is 2g:18mL:0.06g:0.045g, and the rest of the operation steps and parameters are unchanged.

[0075] Comparative Example 3

[0076] Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference lies in that the blue gum essential oil is not added in step S2 of the comparative example 3, that is, the amount ratio of the sepiolite A, anhydrous ethanol, cardamom essential oil and anise essential oil is 2g:18mL:0.045g:0.06g, and the rest of the operation steps and parameters are unchanged.

[0077] Comparative Example 4

[0078] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in Comparative Example 4, the sepiolite in steps S1, S2 and S3 is replaced by diatomite, that is:

[0079] In step S1, the diatomite and a 1% hydrochloric acid solution were mixed and stirred for 1 h, centrifuged and washed, and dried at a controlled temperature of 90°C to obtain diatomite A for standby; the mass ratio of the diatomite to the 1% hydrochloric acid solution was 1:5.5;

[0080] In step S2, the diatomite A and anhydrous ethanol were mixed and ultrasonically dispersed for 10 min, the cardamom essential oil, anise essential oil and blue eucalyptus essential oil were added, mixed uniformly and stirred for 24 h, and then dried at a controlled temperature of 58°C for 10 h to obtain diatomite B;

[0081] The amount ratio of the diatomite A, anhydrous ethanol, cardamom essential oil, anise essential oil and blue eucalyptus essential oil was 2 g:18 mL:0.035 g:0.05 g:0.02 g;

[0082] In step S3, the diatomite B, base solution were mixed uniformly and ultrasonically dispersed and then homogenized for 2.5 min each, the diatomite, blending material and dispersant were added and magnetically stirred for 1 h to obtain a PVA spinning solution;

[0083] The mass ratio of the diatomite B, base solution, diatomite, blending material and warm spit 80 was 0.8:21:0.75:0.5:0.7;

[0084] The remaining operation steps and parameters were unchanged.

[0085] Comparative Example 5

[0086] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in Comparative Example 5, no diatomite is added in step S3, that is:

[0087] In step S3, the sepiolite B and base solution were mixed uniformly and ultrasonically dispersed and then homogenized for 2.5 min each, the blending material and warm spit 80 were added and magnetically stirred for 1 h to obtain a PVA spinning solution;

[0088] The mass ratio of the sepiolite B, base solution, blending material and dispersant was 1.55:21:0.5:0.7;

[0089] The remaining operation steps and parameters were unchanged.

[0090] Comparative Example 6

[0091] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in Comparative Example 6, no styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer is added, that is, no blending material is added in step S3 of Comparative Example 6, that is:

[0092] S3, the sepiolite B, base solution is mixed uniformly and is first ultrasonic and then homogenized for 2.5 minutes, diatomite and warm spit 80 are added, and magnetic stirring is carried out for 1 hour, to obtain a PVA spinning solution;

[0093] The mass ratio of the sepiolite B, base solution, diatomite and dispersing agent is 0.8:21:0.75:0.7;

[0094] The remaining operation steps and parameters are unchanged.

[0095] Test Example 1

[0096] According to GB / T 20944.3-2008, the antibacterial performance of the antibacterial PVA material finished products prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 is tested, and the experimental bacteria are Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538 and Escherichia coli ATCC11229; and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0097] Table 1

[0098] Escherichia coli zone of inhibition width (mm) Staphylococcus aureus zone of inhibition width (mm) Example 1 4.92 4.94 Example 2 4.89 4.92 Example 3 4.88 4.90 Comparative Example 1 3.80 3.82 Comparative Example 2 3.55 3.58 Comparative Example 3 3.69 3.71

[0099] As can be seen from Table 1, the PVA material prepared by the application has excellent bacteriostatic effect. Because the three essential oils of piper cubeba, anise and blue gum are used together, the bacteriostatic effect of the compounded essential oil is increased from different dimensions of broad-spectrum bacteriostasis, destruction of bacterial biofilm structure and interference with normal physiological metabolism of bacteria; when applied to the preparation of PVA material, the PVA material also has excellent bacteriostatic effect.

[0100] Test Example 2

[0101] The antibacterial PVA material finished products prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 4-6 are cut into 5mm*10cm, and a contact angle tester is used for contact angle test, 5 points of each sample are randomly selected for test, and the results are averaged, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0102] Table 2

[0103] Contact angle (°) Example 1 37 Example 2 37 Example 3 36 Comparative Example 4 48 Comparative Example 5 54 Comparative Example 6 59

[0104] As can be seen from Table 2, the PVA material prepared by the application has outstanding hydrophilicity, which can make the PVA material easily dissolved in water.

[0105] In the description, references to "one embodiment," "an example," "certain examples" etc. mean that the particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic being described is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. The appearances of an item in various examples or embodiments is not necessarily indicative of a frequency of occurrence in the various examples or embodiments. Moreover, descriptions of well-known methods associated are omitted so as not to obscure the disclosure.

[0106] The foregoing merely illustrates the principles of the application. Various modifications and adaptations will occur to those skilled in the art after consideration of the preceding description. All such modifications and adaptations employing the principles of the application are intended to be within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A process for the preparation of an antibacterial PVA material, characterized in that, The preparation process specifically comprises the following steps: S1, pretreat part of raw materials to obtain base liquid, sepiolite A and blending material, for standby; S2, mix sepiolite A and cardamom essential oil, anise essential oil and blue eucalyptus essential oil to obtain sepiolite B, for standby; S3, mix sepiolite B, base liquid, diatomite, blending material and dispersant to obtain PVA spinning solution; S4, prepare PVA spinning solution into PVA fiber; S5, process PVA fiber into non-woven fabric, namely the finished antibacterial PVA material; Step S1 specifically comprises: configuring PVA and pure water into PVA solution, temperature control and stirring to obtain base liquid, for standby; mixing sepiolite and 1% hydrochloric acid solution and stirring, centrifugal washing, temperature control and drying to obtain sepiolite A, for standby; uniformly mixing styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer and sodium hydroxide solution and temperature control and stirring, adding 10% hydrochloric acid solution to adjust pH, and then adding deionized water to obtain blending material, for standby; Step S2 specifically comprises: mixing sepiolite A and anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonic dispersion, adding cardamom essential oil, anise essential oil and blue eucalyptus essential oil, uniformly mixing and stirring, and temperature control and drying to obtain sepiolite B.

2. The process for the preparation of an antibacterial PVA material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount ratio of sepiolite A, anhydrous ethanol, cardamom essential oil, anise essential oil and blue eucalyptus essential oil is 2-3g:15-18mL:0.03-0.04g:0.04-0.05g:0.02-0.03g.

3. The process for the preparation of an antibacterial PVA material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cardamom essential oil is obtained by the conventional water vapor distillation method with water as the solvent according to the amount ratio of cardamom seeds and water of 1g:15mL; the anise essential oil is obtained by the conventional solvent extraction method with 70% alcohol as the solvent according to the amount ratio of anise seeds and alcohol of 1g:10mL; and the blue eucalyptus essential oil is obtained by the conventional solvent extraction method with 50% alcohol as the solvent according to the amount ratio of blue eucalyptus leaves and alcohol of 1g:10mL.

4. The process for the preparation of an antibacterial PVA material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic dispersion time in step S2 is 10-15min; the stirring time is 24-26h; the temperature control and drying temperature is 55-60℃, and the time is 8-10h.

5. The process for the preparation of an antibacterial PVA material according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically comprises: uniformly mixing sepiolite B and base liquid, and then ultrasonic and homogenization, adding diatomite, blending material and dispersant and magnetic stirring to obtain PVA spinning solution.

6. The process for the preparation of an antibacterial PVA material according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mass ratio of sepiolite B, base liquid, diatomite, blending material and dispersant is 0.8-1:20-22:0.75-0.85:0.5-0.8:0.5-0.

7.

7. The process for preparing an antibacterial PVA material according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 specifically comprises: preparing PVA spinning solution into PVA fiber under the conditions that the spinneret hole diameter is 0.8-2mm, the spinning temperature is 80-90℃, the hot air temperature is 120-150℃, the ring type air blowing, and the hot air drawing ratio of fiber is 2-5 times.

8. The process for preparing an antibacterial PVA material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step S5 is specifically: the PVA fibers are randomly arranged and hot-bonded into shape on the hot roller under the action of the hot air flow, and then treated in an aldehyde bath, thereby obtaining the finished antibacterial PVA material. 9.A PVA material prepared by the preparation process of the antibacterial PVA material according to any one of claims 1-8.