Near-bit bit pressure and torque measuring device and calibration method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a near-bit bit pressure and torque measuring device and a calibration method thereof. The device comprises a shell and a measuring mechanism, and one end of the shell is used for being connected with a drill bit; the measuring mechanism comprises a lower disc, an upper disc and a plurality of measuring assemblies evenly arranged between the lower disc and the upper disc in the circumferential direction of the lower disc, the lower disc and the upper disc are fixed in the shell and are both perpendicular to the axis of the shell, each measuring assembly comprises two telescopic parts obliquely arranged relative to the axis of the shell, and each telescopic part comprises a barrel, a shaft rod and a pressure measuring part. The device has the advantages that bit pressure and torque borne by the drill bit are converted into slight shrinkage or distortion of the shell, and then the slight shrinkage or distortion of the shell is measured through the measuring mechanism, so that the problems that a strain gauge is prone to damage due to direct measurement of the bit pressure of the drill bit and the accuracy of a measurement result is low due to the severe measurement environment are solved; the measuring mechanism is packaged in the shell, so that the measuring environment is stable, and the service life of the device can be greatly prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bit pressure torque measurement, and in particular to a near-bit bit pressure torque measurement device and a calibration method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid growth of the oil and gas industry and the continuous deepening of exploration and development technology, underground geological structures are becoming increasingly complex. In this context, the drilling operations of deep wells, high-temperature and high-pressure wells, and special process wells such as large-reach wells and long-horizontal wells are increasing. Correspondingly, the incidence of underground accidents and complex operating conditions has also increased significantly. At present, the determination of drilling pressure parameters in drilling operations mainly relies on the difference between the total weight of the drill bit in the well and the hanging weight of the big hook for rough estimation. This method not only has limited accuracy and large errors, but also often leads to misjudgment of the actual working conditions underground, which in turn leads to a series of related problems.

[0003] Although there are also documents that record the measurement of drilling pressure and torque near the drill bit by setting multiple strain gauges near the drill bit, the harsh environment near the drill bit can easily affect the detection accuracy of the strain gauges. At the same time, the drilling pressure and torque are usually high during drilling and will change dramatically as the drilling process progresses. The existing near-drill bit drilling pressure and torque measurement device uses a method of directly measuring the drilling pressure through the strain gauge, which will cause the strain gauge to be subjected to great pressure, thereby shortening the service life of the strain gauge and causing the device to be easily damaged. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a near-drill-bit pressure-on-bit torque measuring device and a calibration method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the environment near the drill bit is harsh, which easily affects the detection accuracy of the strain gauge, and the strain gauge is subjected to great pressure, which shortens the service life of the strain gauge and causes the device to be easily damaged.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a near-drill-bit pressure-on-bit torque measuring device, comprising:

[0007] a housing, one end of which is used to connect to a drill bit; and

[0008] A measuring mechanism, the measuring mechanism includes a lower plate, an upper plate and a plurality of measuring components uniformly arranged between the lower plate and the upper plate along the circumference of the lower plate, the lower plate and the upper plate are respectively fixed in the shell and are perpendicular to the axis of the shell, the measuring component includes two telescopic parts inclined relative to the axis of the shell, the telescopic parts include a cylinder, an axle and a pressure measuring part, the cylinder is movably connected to the upper plate, liquid is encapsulated in the cylinder, one end of the axle is sealingly and slidably connected to the cylinder, the other end of the axle is movably connected to the lower plate, the two cylinders are symmetrically arranged and the symmetry plane passes through the axis of the shell, and the pressure measuring part is used to measure the pressure of the liquid encapsulated in the cylinder.

[0009] In some embodiments, the shell includes an outer sleeve and an inner tube, the inner tube is fixed at the center of the outer sleeve, a first through hole is opened at the center of the lower plate, a second through hole is opened at the center of the upper plate, the inner tube passes through the first through hole and the second through hole, and is fixedly connected to the inner tube and the outer sleeve, and the lower plate and the upper plate are fixedly connected to the outer sleeve.

[0010] In some embodiments, the cylinder is connected to the upper plate via a first universal joint, and the other end of the shaft is connected to the lower plate via a second universal joint.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first universal joint includes a first fixed block, a first rotating block, a first lateral adjustment block and a first longitudinal adjustment block, the first fixed block is fixed to the upper plate, the first rotating block is rotatably arranged on the first fixed block, the first lateral adjustment block is hinged to the first rotating block, and the rotation plane of the first lateral adjustment block is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the first rotating block, the first longitudinal adjustment block is hinged to the first lateral adjustment block, the rotation plane of the first longitudinal adjustment block is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the first lateral adjustment block and the rotation plane of the first rotating block, and the first longitudinal adjustment block is fixed to the cylinder.

[0012] In some embodiments, a first receiving groove is formed on the upper plate, and the first fixing block is fixed in the first receiving groove.

[0013] In some embodiments, the second universal joint includes a second fixed block, a second rotating block, a second lateral adjustment block and a second longitudinal adjustment block, the second fixed block is fixed to the lower plate, the second rotating block is rotatably disposed on the second fixed block, the second lateral adjustment block is hinged to the second rotating block, and the rotation plane of the second lateral adjustment block is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the second rotating block, the second longitudinal adjustment block is hinged to the second lateral adjustment block, the rotation plane of the second longitudinal adjustment block is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the second lateral adjustment block and the rotation plane of the second rotating block, and the second longitudinal adjustment block is fixed to the other end of the shaft.

[0014] In some embodiments, a second accommodating groove is formed on the lower plate, and the second fixing block is fixed in the second accommodating groove.

[0015] In some embodiments, a measuring groove is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder, and the pressure measuring device is installed in the measuring groove.

[0016] In some embodiments, a data interface is provided on the upper plate, and the data interface is electrically connected to each of the pressure measuring components. A cover plate can also be detachably mounted on the upper plate, and the cover plate is used to cover the data interface.

[0017] The present invention also provides a calibration method for a near-bit pressure-on-bit torque measuring device, comprising:

[0018] S1. Provide a drilling pressure calibration device, the drilling pressure calibration device comprising a base, a column, a top plate, a press, a pad, a pressure block and a stress gauge, the column is fixed to the base, the top plate is fixed to the upper end of the column, the fixed end of the press is fixed to the top plate, and the pad is fixed to the base;

[0019] S2. Provide the near-drill-bit pressure-on-bit torque measuring device;

[0020] S3, the output shaft of the press is fixedly connected to the upper end of the housing of the near-drill-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device, the lower end of the housing of the near-drill-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device is fixedly connected to the pressing block, the strain gauge is fixed to the lower end surface of the pressing block, the housing is driven downward by the press, the strain gauge is brought into contact with the pad, the drilling pressure is measured by the strain gauge, and the pressure of the liquid encapsulated in each cylinder is measured by each pressure measuring component, so as to obtain the relationship between the drilling pressure measured by the strain gauge and the average value of the pressure measured by each pressure measuring component, so as to calibrate the drilling pressure of the near-drill-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device;

[0021] S4. Provide a torque calibration device, the torque calibration device comprising a calibration motor and a torque meter, the fixed end of the calibration motor is fixed to the top plate, and the fixed end of the torque meter is fixed to the pad;

[0022] S5. Fixedly connect the output shaft of the calibration motor to the upper end of the shell of the near-drill-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device, fixedly connect the lower end of the shell of the near-drill-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device to the detection end of the torque meter, start the calibration motor, measure the torque through the torque meter, and at the same time measure the pressure of the liquid encapsulated in each cylinder through each pressure measuring component, calculate the pressure difference between the two pressure measuring components of each measuring component, and obtain the relationship between the pressure difference between the two pressure measuring components of each measuring component and the torque measured by the torque meter, so as to calibrate the torque of the near-drill-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the near-drill-bit pressure-on-bit torque measuring device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the housing is connected to the drill bit, so that the pressure-on-bit and torque received by the drill bit are converted into a slight contraction or distortion of the housing, the lower plate and the upper plate are fixedly installed in the housing, so that when the housing is slightly contracted or distorted, the distance or orientation between the lower plate and the upper plate will change, by arranging a telescopic member between the lower plate and the upper plate, the pressure change when the distance between the lower plate and the upper plate changes can be detected, and by arranging two telescopic members inclined relative to the axis of the housing, when the housing is slightly distorted, the telescopic amplitudes of the two telescopic members will be different, so that the pressure of the liquid encapsulated in the two telescopic members will have a pressure difference, and the torque received by the drill bit can be obtained according to the pressure difference. The present invention converts the pressure-on-bit and torque received by the drill bit into a slight contraction or distortion of the housing, and then measures the slight contraction or distortion of the housing through a measuring mechanism, thereby avoiding the problem that the strain gauge is easily damaged due to direct measurement of the pressure-on-bit of the drill bit and the measurement result is low in accuracy due to the bad measurement environment, and because the measuring mechanism is encapsulated in the housing, it has a stable measurement environment, which can greatly extend the service life of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a near-drill-bit pressure-on-bit torque measuring device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of mid-section AA;

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the near-bit pressure-on-bit torque measuring device after omitting the outer sleeve;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the measuring mechanism in FIG.

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The measuring mechanism in another perspective;

[0029] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 Exploded view of the measuring mechanism in;

[0030] Figure 7 yes Figure 3 Another exploded view of the measuring mechanism in FIG.

[0031] Figure 8 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a telescopic member;

[0032] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 Sectional view of the middle section BB;

[0033] Fig.10 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a state of a near-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device performing drilling pressure calibration;

[0034] Fig.11 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the state of torque calibration of the near-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device;

[0035] Description of reference numerals: 1-housing, 11-outer sleeve, 12-inner tube, 2-measuring mechanism, 21-lower plate, 211-first through hole, 212-second receiving groove, 22-upper plate, 221-second through hole, 222-first receiving groove, 223-data interface, 224-cover plate, 23-measuring assembly, 231-telescopic member, 2311-cylinder, 23111-measuring groove, 2312-axle rod, 2313-pressure measuring member, 2314-first universal joint, 2314-first fixing block, 2314 2-first rotating block, 23143-first lateral adjustment block, 23144-first longitudinal adjustment block, 2315-second universal joint, 23151-second fixed block, 23152-second rotating block, 23153-second lateral adjustment block, 23154-second longitudinal adjustment block, 3-drilling pressure calibration device, 31-base, 32-column, 33-top plate, 34-press, 35-pad, 36-pressing block, 37-strain gauge, 4-torque calibration device, 41-calibration motor, 42-torque meter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0037] In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the environment near the drill bit is harsh, which easily affects the detection accuracy of the strain gauge, and the strain gauge is subjected to great pressure, which shortens the service life of the strain gauge and causes the device to be easily damaged, the present invention provides a near-drill bit drilling pressure and torque measurement device, which can increase the accuracy of the drilling pressure and torque measurement results near the drill bit.

[0038] See also Figure 1-Figure 9 , Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-bit pressure-on-bit torque measuring device in one embodiment of the present invention. The near-bit pressure-on-bit torque measuring device comprises a housing 1 and a measuring mechanism 2.

[0039] One end of the housing 1 is used to be connected to a drill bit.

[0040] The measuring mechanism 2 includes a lower plate 21, an upper plate 22 and a plurality of measuring components 23 uniformly arranged between the lower plate 21 and the upper plate 22 along the circumference of the lower plate 21. The lower plate 21 and the upper plate 22 are respectively fixed in the shell 1 and are perpendicular to the axis of the shell 1. The measuring component 23 includes two telescopic members 231 inclined relative to the axis of the shell 1. The telescopic member 231 includes a cylinder 2311, an axle 2312 and a pressure measuring member 2313. The cylinder 2311 is movably connected to the upper plate 22. Liquid is encapsulated in the cylinder 2311. One end of the axle 2312 is sealingly and slidably connected to the cylinder 2311. The other end of the axle 2312 is movably connected to the lower plate 21. The two cylinders 2311 are symmetrically arranged and the symmetry plane passes through the axis of the shell 1. The pressure measuring member 2313 is used to measure the pressure of the liquid encapsulated in the cylinder 2311.

[0041] When in use, the lower end of the shell 1 is connected to the drill bit, and the upper end of the shell 1 is connected to the drill rod. The device and the drill bit are lowered into the wellbore through the drill rod, and then drilling is carried out. During the drilling process, the drill bit will be subjected to the drilling pressure of the rock formation, and the drilling pressure on the drill bit will be transmitted to the shell 1, causing the shell 1 to shrink slightly. When the shell 1 shrinks, the distance between the lower plate 21 and the upper plate 22 will decrease. When the distance between the lower plate 21 and the upper plate 22 decreases, each telescopic member 231 will shrink. When each telescopic member 231 shrinks, the shaft 2312 will compress the liquid in the cylinder 2311, increasing the pressure of the liquid. The pressure measuring member 2313 is used to measure the pressure of the liquid encapsulated in the cylinder 2311, so that the pressure of the liquid can be measured according to the pressure measuring member 2313. The pressure measured by 13 is used to infer the pressure on the shell 1, and then the drilling pressure when the drill bit is drilling is obtained; at the same time, when the drill bit rotates, the drill bit will be subjected to corresponding torque, and the torque will cause the shell 1 to be slightly twisted. When the shell 1 is twisted, the orientation between the lower plate 21 and the upper plate 22 will change, so that the two telescopic parts 231 of each measuring component 23 will be stretched and retracted to different extents, so that a pressure difference will be generated between the two pressure measuring parts 2313 of each measuring component 23. The greater the degree of distortion of the shell 1, the greater the pressure difference generated between the two pressure measuring parts 2313 of each measuring component 23, so that the torque on the drill bit can be inferred based on the pressure difference between the two pressure measuring parts 2313 of each measuring component 23.

[0042] The technical solution provided by the present invention connects the shell 1 with the drill bit, so that the drilling pressure and torque exerted on the drill bit are converted into a slight contraction or distortion of the shell 1, and the lower plate 21 and the upper plate 22 are fixedly installed in the shell 1, so that when the shell 1 is slightly contracted or twisted, the distance or orientation between the lower plate 21 and the upper plate 22 will change. By arranging a telescopic member 231 between the lower plate 21 and the upper plate 22, the change in pressure when the distance between the lower plate 21 and the upper plate 22 changes can be detected. By arranging two telescopic members 231 inclined relative to the axis of the shell 1, when the shell 1 is slightly twisted, the telescopic amplitudes of the two telescopic members 231 will be different, so that there will be a pressure difference in the pressure of the liquid encapsulated in the two telescopic members 231, and the torque exerted on the drill bit can be obtained based on the pressure difference. The present invention converts the drilling pressure and torque exerted on the drill bit into a slight contraction or distortion of the housing 1, and then measures the slight contraction or distortion of the housing 1 through the measuring mechanism 2, thereby avoiding the problem of easy damage of the strain gauge caused by directly measuring the drilling pressure of the drill bit and low accuracy of the measurement result caused by the harsh measuring environment. Since the measuring mechanism 2 is encapsulated in the housing 1, it has a stable measurement environment, which can greatly extend the service life of the device.

[0043] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-Figure 3The shell 1 includes an outer sleeve 11 and an inner tube 12, the inner tube 12 is fixed at the center of the outer sleeve 11, a first through hole 211 is opened at the center of the lower plate 21, and a second through hole 221 is opened at the center of the upper plate 22. The inner tube 12 passes through the first through hole 211 and the second through hole 221, and is fixedly connected to the inner tube 12 and the outer sleeve 11. The lower plate 21 and the upper plate 22 are both fixedly connected to the outer sleeve 11. In this embodiment, the inner tube 12 is used for the passage of drilling fluid.

[0044] In one embodiment, see Figure 4-Figure 9 The cylinder 2311 is connected to the upper plate 22 via a first universal joint 2314 , and the other end of the shaft 2312 is connected to the lower plate 21 via a second universal joint 2315 .

[0045] In one embodiment, see Figure 4-Figure 9 The first universal joint 2314 includes a first fixed block 23141, a first rotating block 23142, a first lateral adjustment block 23143 and a first longitudinal adjustment block 23144, the first fixed block 23141 is fixed to the upper plate 22, the first rotating block 23142 is rotatably set on the first fixed block 23141, the first lateral adjustment block 23143 is hinged to the first rotating block 23142, and the rotation plane of the first lateral adjustment block 23143 is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the first rotating block 23142, the first longitudinal adjustment block 23144 is hinged to the first lateral adjustment block 23143, the rotation plane of the first longitudinal adjustment block 23144 is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the first lateral adjustment block 23143 and the rotation plane of the first rotating block 23142, and the first longitudinal adjustment block 23144 is fixed to the cylinder 2311.

[0046] In one embodiment, see Figure 4-Figure 9 A first receiving groove 222 is defined on the upper plate 22 , and the first fixing block 23141 is fixed in the first receiving groove 222 .

[0047] In one embodiment, see Figure 4-Figure 9The second universal joint 2315 includes a second fixed block 23151, a second rotating block 23152, a second lateral adjustment block 23153 and a second longitudinal adjustment block 23154, the second fixed block 23151 is fixed to the lower plate 21, the second rotating block 23152 is rotatably set on the second fixed block 23151, the second lateral adjustment block 23153 is hinged to the second rotating block 23152, and the rotation plane of the second lateral adjustment block 23153 is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the second rotating block 23152, the second longitudinal adjustment block 23154 is hinged to the second lateral adjustment block 23153, the rotation plane of the second longitudinal adjustment block 23154 is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the second lateral adjustment block 23153 and the rotation plane of the second rotating block 23152, and the second longitudinal adjustment block 23154 is fixed to the other end of the shaft 2312.

[0048] In one embodiment, see Figure 4-Figure 9 A second receiving groove 212 is defined on the lower plate 21 , and the second fixing block 23151 is fixed in the second receiving groove 212 .

[0049] In one embodiment, see Figure 4-Figure 9 A measuring groove 23111 is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder 2311 , and the pressure measuring member 2313 is installed in the measuring groove 23111 .

[0050] In one embodiment, see Figure 6 and Figure 7 The upper plate 22 is provided with a data interface 223 , and the data interface 223 is electrically connected to each of the pressure measuring components 2313 . A cover plate 224 can also be detachably installed on the upper plate 22 , and the cover plate 224 is used to cover the data interface 223 .

[0051] See also Fig.10 and Fig.11 The present invention also provides a calibration method for a near-bit bit pressure-on-bit torque measuring device, comprising:

[0052] S1. Provide a drilling pressure calibration device 3, the drilling pressure calibration device 3 comprises a base 31, a column 32, a top plate 33, a press 34, a pad 35, a pressure block 36 and a strain gauge 37, the column 32 is fixed to the base 31, the top plate 33 is fixed to the upper end of the column 32, the fixed end of the press 34 is fixed to the top plate 33, and the pad 35 is fixed to the base 31;

[0053] S2. Provide the near-drill-bit pressure-on-bit torque measuring device;

[0054] S3, the output shaft of the press 34 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the housing 1 of the near-drill-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device, the lower end of the housing 1 of the near-drill-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device is fixedly connected to the pressing block 36, the strain gauge 37 is fixed to the lower end surface of the pressing block 36, the housing 1 is driven downward by the press 34, the strain gauge 37 is brought into contact with the pad 35, the drilling pressure is measured by the strain gauge 37, and at the same time, the pressure of the liquid encapsulated in each cylinder 2311 is measured by each pressure measuring component 2313, so as to obtain the relationship between the drilling pressure measured by the strain gauge 37 and the average value of the pressure measured by each pressure measuring component 2313, so as to calibrate the drilling pressure of the near-drill-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device;

[0055] S4. Provide a torque calibration device 4, the torque calibration device 4 comprises a calibration motor 41 and a torque meter 42, the fixed end of the calibration motor 41 is fixed to the top plate 33, and the fixed end of the torque meter 42 is fixed to the pad 35;

[0056] S5. The output shaft of the calibration motor 41 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the housing 1 of the near-drill-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device, and the lower end of the housing 1 of the near-drill-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device is fixedly connected to the detection end of the torque meter 42, and the calibration motor 41 is started. The torque is measured by the torque meter 42, and at the same time, the pressure of the liquid encapsulated in each cylinder 2311 is measured by each pressure measuring component 2313, and the pressure difference between the two pressure measuring components 2313 of each measuring component 23 is obtained. The relationship between the pressure difference between the two pressure measuring components 2313 of each measuring component 23 and the torque measured by the torque meter 42 is obtained, so as to calibrate the torque of the near-drill-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device.

[0057] The technical solution provided by the present invention connects the shell 1 with the drill bit, so that the drilling pressure and torque exerted on the drill bit are converted into a slight contraction or distortion of the shell 1, and the lower plate 21 and the upper plate 22 are fixedly installed in the shell 1, so that when the shell 1 is slightly contracted or twisted, the distance or orientation between the lower plate 21 and the upper plate 22 will change. By arranging a telescopic member 231 between the lower plate 21 and the upper plate 22, the change in pressure when the distance between the lower plate 21 and the upper plate 22 changes can be detected. By arranging two telescopic members 231 inclined relative to the axis of the shell 1, when the shell 1 is slightly twisted, the telescopic amplitudes of the two telescopic members 231 will be different, so that there will be a pressure difference in the pressure of the liquid encapsulated in the two telescopic members 231, and the torque exerted on the drill bit can be obtained based on the pressure difference. The present invention converts the drilling pressure and torque exerted on the drill bit into a slight contraction or distortion of the housing 1, and then measures the slight contraction or distortion of the housing 1 through the measuring mechanism 2, thereby avoiding the problem of easy damage of the strain gauge caused by directly measuring the drilling pressure of the drill bit and low accuracy of the measurement result caused by the harsh measuring environment. Since the measuring mechanism 2 is encapsulated in the housing 1, it has a stable measurement environment, which can greatly extend the service life of the device.

[0058] The specific implementation of the present invention described above does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A near-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device, characterized in that: include: A housing, one end of which is used to connect with a drill bit; as well as, A measuring mechanism, the measuring mechanism includes a lower plate, an upper plate and a plurality of measuring components uniformly arranged between the lower plate and the upper plate along the circumference of the lower plate, the lower plate and the upper plate are respectively fixed in the shell and are perpendicular to the axis of the shell, the measuring component includes two telescopic parts inclined relative to the axis of the shell, the telescopic parts include a cylinder, an axle and a pressure measuring part, the cylinder is movably connected to the upper plate, liquid is encapsulated in the cylinder, one end of the axle is sealingly and slidably connected to the cylinder, the other end of the axle is movably connected to the lower plate, the two cylinders are symmetrically arranged and the symmetry plane passes through the axis of the shell, and the pressure measuring part is used to measure the pressure of the liquid encapsulated in the cylinder.

2. The near-bit bit pressure-on-bit torque measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell includes an outer sleeve and an inner tube, the inner tube is fixed at the center of the outer sleeve, a first through hole is opened at the center of the lower plate, a second through hole is opened at the center of the upper plate, the inner tube passes through the first through hole and the second through hole, and is fixedly connected to the inner tube and the outer sleeve, and the lower plate and the upper plate are fixedly connected to the outer sleeve.

3. The near-bit bit pressure-on torque measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder is connected to the upper plate via a first universal joint, and the other end of the shaft is connected to the lower plate via a second universal joint.

4. The near-bit bit pressure-on-bit torque measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first universal joint includes a first fixed block, a first rotating block, a first lateral adjustment block and a first longitudinal adjustment block, the first fixed block is fixed to the upper plate, the first rotating block is rotatably arranged on the first fixed block, the first lateral adjustment block is hinged to the first rotating block, and the rotation plane of the first lateral adjustment block is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the first rotating block, the first longitudinal adjustment block is hinged to the first lateral adjustment block, the rotation plane of the first longitudinal adjustment block is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the first lateral adjustment block and the rotation plane of the first rotating block, and the first longitudinal adjustment block is fixed to the cylinder.

5. The near-bit bit pressure-on torque measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper plate is provided with a first accommodating groove, and the first fixing block is fixed in the first accommodating groove.

6. The near-bit bit pressure-on-bit torque measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second universal joint includes a second fixed block, a second rotating block, a second lateral adjustment block and a second longitudinal adjustment block, the second fixed block is fixed to the lower plate, the second rotating block is rotatably arranged on the second fixed block, the second lateral adjustment block is hinged to the second rotating block, and the rotation plane of the second lateral adjustment block is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the second rotating block, the second longitudinal adjustment block is hinged to the second lateral adjustment block, the rotation plane of the second longitudinal adjustment block is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the second lateral adjustment block and the rotation plane of the second rotating block, and the second longitudinal adjustment block is fixed to the other end of the shaft.

7. The near-bit bit pressure-on torque measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower plate is provided with a second accommodating groove, and the second fixing block is fixed in the second accommodating groove.

8. The near-bit bit pressure-on-bit torque measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A measuring groove is provided on the inner side wall of the cylinder, and the pressure measuring component is installed in the measuring groove.

9. The near-bit bit pressure-on-bit torque measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper plate is provided with a data interface, and the data interface is electrically connected to each of the pressure measuring components. A cover plate can be detachably mounted on the upper plate, and the cover plate is used to cover the data interface.

10. A calibration method for a near-bit pressure-on-bit torque measuring device, characterized in that: include: S1. Provide a drilling pressure calibration device, the drilling pressure calibration device comprising a base, a column, a top plate, a press, a pad, a pressure block and a stress gauge, the column is fixed to the base, the top plate is fixed to the upper end of the column, the fixed end of the press is fixed to the top plate, and the pad is fixed to the base; S2. Provide a near-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; S3, the output shaft of the press is fixedly connected to the upper end of the housing of the near-drill-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device, the lower end of the housing of the near-drill-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device is fixedly connected to the pressing block, the strain gauge is fixed to the lower end surface of the pressing block, the housing is driven downward by the press, the strain gauge is brought into contact with the pad, the drilling pressure is measured by the strain gauge, and the pressure of the liquid encapsulated in each cylinder is measured by each pressure measuring component, so as to obtain the relationship between the drilling pressure measured by the strain gauge and the average value of the pressure measured by each pressure measuring component, so as to calibrate the drilling pressure of the near-drill-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device; S4. Provide a torque calibration device, the torque calibration device comprising a calibration motor and a torque meter, the fixed end of the calibration motor is fixed to the top plate, and the fixed end of the torque meter is fixed to the pad; S5. Fixedly connect the output shaft of the calibration motor to the upper end of the shell of the near-drill-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device, fixedly connect the lower end of the shell of the near-drill-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device to the detection end of the torque meter, start the calibration motor, measure the torque through the torque meter, and at the same time measure the pressure of the liquid encapsulated in each cylinder through each pressure measuring component, calculate the pressure difference between the two pressure measuring components of each measuring component, and obtain the relationship between the pressure difference between the two pressure measuring components of each measuring component and the torque measured by the torque meter, so as to calibrate the torque of the near-drill-bit drilling pressure torque measuring device.

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