Underground multi-stage closed drainage system and construction method thereof
By setting up inclined segmented sedimentation tanks and water discharge chambers on the downhole tunnel side, a multi-stage closed drainage system is formed, which solves the problems of limited capacity, high energy consumption and blockage of traditional downhole drainage systems, and achieves high efficiency and low energy consumption Drainage effect and improve the drainage efficiency and construction safety of downhole tunnels.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411280082.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-12
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
AI Technical Summary
Traditional underground drainage systems have problems such as limited capacity of sedimentation tanks, large equipment investment, high energy consumption, difficulty in control and low sedimentation efficiency, and can easily lead to clogging of underground water tanks and fog spreading, affecting equipment operation.
Using a multi-stage closed drainage system, an inclined sectional sedimentation tank, drainage chamber and drainage channel are set up on the side of the sectional tunnel to form a 'Bu'-shaped sectional sedimentation system, and automatically settle and drainage with gravity, reducing the Use a pumping and drainage pump, and set up a drainage cofferdam in the drainage chamber to reduce the sediment content.
It improves the sedimentation efficiency and vacant area utilization, reduces drainage energy consumption, reduces the frequency of blockage and its impact on deep tunnels, and enhances construction safety and equipment operation vision.
Smart Images
Figure CN119195844A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine drainage engineering, and in particular to an underground multi-stage closed drainage system and a construction method thereof which has simple structure, high sedimentation efficiency, is not easy to be blocked, has low drainage energy consumption, and is convenient to construct. Background Art
[0002] In mining and cutting projects, production operations will generate a large amount of sewage containing impurities such as mud and sand. Generally, the sewage is first deposited through an underground sedimentation system, then flows through the drainage system to the mining tunnel and then returns to the underground water tank, and finally is pumped out to the surface.
[0003] At present, the traditional underground drainage system usually constructs sedimentation tanks in each segmented tunnel to precipitate and filter the sludge impurities in the sewage, and then discharges the filtered sewage to the surface or into the underground water tank by setting up a pumping and drainage device. However, the sedimentation tanks set up in the segmented tunnels not only affect the transportation of minerals, but also have limited capacity due to space constraints, causing the precipitated sludge to significantly occupy the effective volume of the sedimentation tank, resulting in more frequent dredging work; and because each segmented tunnel is equipped with a pumping and drainage device, the equipment investment is large and the energy consumption of pumping and drainage is also high; in addition, since the amount of sewage generated in each segmented tunnel varies greatly due to the influence of production and geological conditions, it also makes it difficult to control the pumping and drainage.
[0004] In the prior art, in order to solve the deficiencies of the aforementioned underground drainage system, a "U"-shaped sedimentation tank is set on one side of each segmented tunnel, which enters from the high end of the segmented tunnel and exits to the low end of the segmented tunnel, and then a retaining wall is set at the low end of the sedimentation tank. The sedimentation of sewage in the segmented tunnel is achieved through the sedimentation tank, which not only can flexibly adjust the size of the "U"-shaped sedimentation tank according to needs to expand the capacity and avoid the inconvenience of frequent dredging, but also the "U"-shaped sedimentation tank is set on one side of the segmented tunnel and will not interfere with the mineral transportation in the segmented tunnel. In addition, the sludge is retained in the sedimentation tank by setting the retaining wall, which reduces the difficulty of cleaning the sludge and helps to improve the efficiency of cleaning the sludge. However, since the sewage directly enters the "U"-shaped sedimentation tank, it is easy to disturb the settled silt, resulting in a high sediment content in the overflow water, which not only affects the sedimentation efficiency, but also the overflow water with more sediment is easy to reduce the capacity of the underground water tank and cause the drainage holes to be blocked; and the overflow water after sedimentation still flows out to the mining and cutting project, which is easy to cause fog in the segmented tunnels and affect the vision of equipment operation; and since the "U"-shaped sedimentation tank is parallel to the segmented tunnels, it is also easy for the sedimentation water to penetrate into the deep tunnel projects through the bedding cracks, faults or secondary faults of the rock strata, affecting the operation of the deep tunnel projects.
[0005] Therefore, how to arrange a safe, efficient and economical drainage system around underground mine production sites has always been a research focus in the field of mining engineering technology. Summary of the invention
[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an underground multi-stage closed drainage system with a simple structure, high sedimentation efficiency, non-easy clogging, low drainage energy consumption and convenient construction, and also provides a construction method of the aforementioned underground multi-stage closed drainage system.
[0007] The underground multi-stage closed drainage system of the present invention is implemented as follows: it includes a first segmented sedimentation system, a second segmented sedimentation system, and a Kth segmented sedimentation system, wherein the elevations of the first segmented sedimentation system, the second segmented sedimentation system, and the Kth segmented sedimentation system are successively reduced, and the first segmented sedimentation system, the second segmented sedimentation system, and the Kth segmented sedimentation system are respectively arranged on one side or both sides of the corresponding segmented roadway; The first segmented sedimentation system, the second segmented sedimentation system and the Kth segmented sedimentation system respectively include a segmented sedimentation tank, a drainage chamber and a drainage channel. The segmented sedimentation tank is vertically arranged on one side of the corresponding segmented tunnel. The segmented sedimentation tank extends obliquely downward from one side of the corresponding segmented tunnel and the high end is connected with the segmented tunnel. The drainage chamber is arranged on one side of the segmented sedimentation tank. The drainage chamber is connected with the segmented sedimentation tank through the drainage chamber connecting channel. The drainage channel is vertically arranged at the bottom of the drainage chamber. The bottom end of the drainage channel is connected with the segmented sedimentation tank of the next segmented sedimentation system. The bottom end of the drainage channel of the Kth segmented sedimentation system is connected with the drainage system of the middle lane below.
[0008] Furthermore, K is an integer not less than 3; the segmented sedimentation tank includes an inclined tunnel and a horizontal tunnel, the slope of the inclined tunnel is not greater than 10% and the high end is connected to the corresponding segmented tunnel, the inclined tunnel is constructed from the middle part of the ore body at the elevation of the corresponding segmented tunnel to the lower side of the vertical segmented tunnel, and the horizontal tunnel extends horizontally from the low end of the inclined tunnel to the heading face.
[0009] Furthermore, the inclined tunnel is a three-center arch section with a length of 20m to 40m and a cross-section of 2.5m×3.0m, and the horizontal tunnel is a three-center arch section with a length of L1 and a cross-section of 3.0m×3.0m.
[0010] Furthermore, the drainage chamber connecting channel is perpendicular to the horizontal excavation length D1 of the segmented sedimentation tank on one side of the segmented sedimentation tank according to the extension direction of the ore body to the depth. The horizontal spacing between the drainage chamber connecting channel and the corresponding segmented tunnel is L1-N and L1-N meets the minimum safety distance of the safety pillar.
[0011] Furthermore, the horizontal spacing between the lower wall side of the next-level segmented tunnel and the previous-level segmented tunnel is L1-M, and satisfies L2=(L1-N)+(L1-M)-30m-2.5m, where L2 is the horizontal tunnel length of the next-level segmented sedimentation tank.
[0012] Furthermore, the drainage channel is a drainage hole or a drainage well, the drainage chamber is provided with 2 to 4 drainage holes or a drainage well with a diameter not greater than 2.0 m, and the wellhead of the drainage well is arranged with a grid with a spacing of no more than 20 cm.
[0013] Furthermore, when the drainage channel is a drainage hole, the drainage chamber is 6.0m long×6.0m wide×6.0m high; when the drainage channel is a drainage well, the drainage chamber is 3.5m long×3.5m wide×4.0m high.
[0014] Furthermore, a drainage cofferdam is provided at the bottom of the drainage chamber around the top opening of the drainage channel, the top elevation of the drainage cofferdam is more than 50 cm lower than the high end elevation of the corresponding segmented sedimentation tank, and the height of the drainage cofferdam is not higher than 2.5 m.
[0015] The construction method of the underground multi-stage closed drainage system of the present invention is realized as follows: it includes the construction of segmented sedimentation tanks, the construction of drainage chambers, the construction of drainage chambers, the construction of drainage cofferdams, and the construction of the next-level segmented sedimentation system, and the specific contents are: A. Construction of segmented sedimentation tank: First, construct an inclined tunnel with a slope of no more than 10% and a length of 20m to 40m from the middle part of the ore body to the lower side of the vertical segmented tunnel at the elevation of the first segmented tunnel; then construct a horizontal tunnel with a length of L1 horizontally from the lower end of the inclined tunnel to the face of the heading, so that the segmented sedimentation tank of this segment is formed by the inclined tunnel and the horizontal tunnel; B. Construction of drainage chamber connection: On one side of the segmented sedimentation tank, a drainage chamber connection is constructed perpendicular to the horizontal excavation length D1 of the segmented sedimentation tank according to the extension direction of the ore body to the depth. The horizontal spacing between the drainage chamber connection and the corresponding segmented roadway is L1-N, and L1-N meets the minimum safety distance of the safety pillar; C. Construction of drainage chamber: A drainage chamber is constructed at the end of the drainage chamber joint, and a drainage channel connected to the segmented sedimentation tank of the next-level segmented sedimentation system or the middle-section main lane drainage system is vertically arranged at the bottom of the drainage chamber; if 2 to 3 drainage holes are constructed in the drainage chamber by using a reverse well drilling rig as the drainage channel, the drainage chamber is 6.0m long × 6.0m wide × 6.0m high; if a drainage well with a diameter of no more than 2.0m is constructed in the drainage chamber by using a medium-deep hole as the drainage channel, the drainage chamber is 3.5m long × 3.5m wide × 4.0m high, and a grid with a spacing of no more than 20cm is arranged at the wellhead of the drainage well; D. Construction of the drainage cofferdam: Construct a drainage cofferdam with a height not exceeding 2.5 m around the orifice of the drainage hole or the wellhead of the drainage well in the drainage chamber. The top elevation of the drainage cofferdam is 50 cm or more lower than the elevation of the high end of the corresponding sectional sedimentation tank. E. Construction of the next-level sectional sedimentation system: Repeat steps A to D on the side of the next-level sectional roadway according to the extension direction of the ore body towards the deep part. The horizontal distance between the next-level sectional roadway and the footwall sidewall of the upper-level sectional roadway is L1 - M, and it satisfies L2 = (L1 - N) + (L1 - M) - 30 m - 2.5 m, where L2 is the length of the horizontal roadway of the next-level sectional sedimentation tank.
[0016] Furthermore, it also includes the step of reinforcing the sectional sedimentation tank. The reinforcement of the sectional sedimentation tank is carried out when the sectional sedimentation tank of the next-level sectional sedimentation system passes under the upper-level sectional roadway. The side wall and the top wall of the sectional sedimentation tank of the next-level sectional sedimentation system are symmetrically supported by shotcrete for 10.0 m with respect to the center line of the upper-level sectional roadway, and the thickness of the shotcrete for the shotcrete support is not less than 10 cm.
[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention adopts a "卜"-shaped sectional sedimentation system formed by sectional sedimentation tanks, connecting channels of drainage chambers and drainage chambers on the side of the sectional roadway. And a multi-stage closed drainage system is formed by connecting each sectional sedimentation system through drainage channels, thus replacing the existing "回"-shaped sedimentation tanks based on each sectional roadway. And the water body path after traditional sedimentation is changed from the development and cutting engineering to the drainage channels in the sectional sedimentation system. This not only overcomes the safety problem that the external flow of water in the development and cutting engineering easily leads to excessive fog in the roadway and affects the operation vision of equipment, but also greatly improves the utilization rate of the goaf compared with the traditional sedimentation system. And because the sectional sedimentation tank is perpendicular to the corresponding sectional roadway, compared with the sedimentation tank arranged in a "回"-shaped layout, it can significantly reduce the probability of the sedimented water penetrating into the deep roadway engineering along the bedding fissures, faults or secondary faults of the rock mass, and reduce the drainage pressure on the deep roadway engineering.
[0018] 2. In the multi-stage closed drainage system of the present invention, the sectional sedimentation tanks of each sectional sedimentation system are arranged obliquely downward on the side of the sectional roadway, and the drainage chamber is arranged on one side of the sectional sedimentation tank through the connecting channel of the drainage chamber, and the drainage channel is vertically arranged at the bottom of the drainage chamber. This enables the sewage entering each sectional sedimentation system to automatically sediment and drain by gravity without the pumping of drainage pumps. Therefore, not only can the energy consumption of drainage be reduced, but also the sewage from each sectional sedimentation system finally converges into the sump of the middle-level main roadway drainage system for unified pumping and drainage, avoiding the problem of difficult control of individual pumping and drainage caused by large differences in the sewage volume generated by each sectional roadway.
[0019] 3. The present invention vertically sets up a segmented sedimentation tank on the side of the segmented tunnel, and selectively arranges a drainage chamber and a drainage chamber connecting channel on the side of the segmented sedimentation tank, so that each segmented sedimentation system can be flexibly adjusted and arranged according to the direction of the ore body, so that each segmented sedimentation system can be extended toward the deep direction of the ore body, effectively improving the drainage efficiency of the underground tunnel.
[0020] 4. The present invention vertically arranges a downwardly inclined segmented sedimentation tank on the side of the segmented tunnel, then vertically arranges a drainage chamber connection channel on the side of the segmented sedimentation tank, and finally vertically arranges a drainage channel at the bottom of the drainage chamber at the top of the drainage chamber connection channel, so that the sewage needs to change direction several times to slow down after entering the segmented sedimentation system from the segmented tunnel, which effectively reduces the disturbance of the sewage to the settled sludge. In particular, the drainage cofferdam is arranged in the drainage chamber, which can significantly reduce the sediment content in the overflow water of the segmented sedimentation system, thereby improving the sedimentation efficiency, reducing blockage, and reducing the siltation of the underground water tank and the wear of the drainage equipment.
[0021] 5. The present invention further provides an inclined segmented sedimentation tank and a drainage cofferdam in the drainage chamber, thereby effectively increasing the capacity of the sedimentation tank and reducing the frequency of blockage of the drainage hole under the same amount of mining and cutting engineering as the traditional sedimentation system, thereby avoiding the inconvenience of frequent silt removal. At the same time, the safety pillars are reserved in the drainage chamber connecting the drainage chamber and the corresponding segmented tunnel, which can effectively avoid the impact of geological stratum changes on construction safety and improve structural safety.
[0022] In summary, the present invention has the characteristics of simple structure, high sedimentation efficiency, not easy to be blocked, low drainage energy consumption and convenient construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 A three-dimensional overview of the underground multi-stage closed drainage system of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a plan layout diagram of the underground multi-stage closed drainage system of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a vertical elevation projection diagram of the underground multi-stage closed drainage system of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a vertical elevation projection diagram of the drainage chamber of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A top view of Figure 6 It is a flow chart of the construction method of the underground multi-stage closed drainage system of the present invention; In the figure: 1-the first segmented sedimentation system, 2-the second segmented sedimentation system, 3-the Kth segmented sedimentation system, 4-segmented tunnel, 10-segmented sedimentation tank, 11-inclined tunnel, 12-horizontal tunnel, 20-drainage chamber, 30-drainage chamber connecting tunnel, 40-drainage channel, 50-drainage cofferdam, 60-grid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.
[0025] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the underground multi-stage closed drainage system of the present invention comprises a first segmented sedimentation system 1, a second segmented sedimentation system 2, and a Kth segmented sedimentation system 3, wherein the elevations of the first segmented sedimentation system 1, the second segmented sedimentation system 2, and the Kth segmented sedimentation system 3 are successively reduced, and the first segmented sedimentation system 1, the second segmented sedimentation system 2, and the Kth segmented sedimentation system 3 are respectively arranged on one side or both sides of the corresponding segmented tunnel 4; The first segmented sedimentation system 1, the second segmented sedimentation system 2 and the Kth segmented sedimentation system 3 respectively include a segmented sedimentation tank 10, a drainage chamber 20 and a drainage channel 40. The segmented sedimentation tank 10 is vertically arranged on one side of the corresponding segmented tunnel 4. The segmented sedimentation tank 10 extends obliquely downward from one side of the corresponding segmented tunnel 4 and the high end is connected with the segmented tunnel 4. The drainage chamber 20 is arranged on one side of the segmented sedimentation tank 10. The drainage chamber 20 is connected with the segmented sedimentation tank 10 through the drainage chamber connecting channel 30. The drainage channel 40 is vertically arranged at the bottom of the drainage chamber 20. The bottom end of the drainage channel 40 is connected with the segmented sedimentation tank 10 of the next segmented sedimentation system. The bottom end of the drainage channel 40 of the Kth segmented sedimentation system 3 is connected with the drainage system of the middle tunnel below.
[0026] The K is an integer not less than 3.
[0027] The segmented sedimentation tank 10 includes an inclined tunnel 11 and a horizontal tunnel 12. The slope of the inclined tunnel 11 is not greater than 10% and the high end is connected to the corresponding segmented tunnel 4. The inclined tunnel 11 is constructed from the middle part of the ore body at the elevation of the corresponding segmented tunnel 4 to the lower side of the vertical segmented tunnel 4, and the horizontal tunnel 12 extends horizontally from the low end of the inclined tunnel 11 to the heading face.
[0028] The inclined tunnel 11 is 20m to 40m in length and has a three-center arch section of 2.5m×3.0m in cross section, and the horizontal tunnel 12 is L1 in length and has a three-center arch section of 3.0m×3.0m in cross section.
[0029] The bottom end of the drainage channel 40 is communicated with a side of the horizontal tunnel 12 of the next stage staged sedimentation system away from the inclined tunnel 11 .
[0030] The drainage chamber link 30 is horizontally excavated D1 length perpendicular to the segmented sedimentation tank 10 according to the extension direction of the ore body to the depth on one side of the segmented sedimentation tank 10, and the horizontal spacing between the drainage chamber link 30 and the corresponding segmented tunnel 4 is L1-N, and L1-N meets the minimum safety distance of the safety pillar. That is, L1-N is the minimum safety rock pillar distance between adjacent tunnels in the same layer.
[0031] The drainage chamber connecting channel 30 is a three-center arch section with a cross section of 2.5m×3.0m.
[0032] The drainage chamber connection channel 30 extends obliquely downward from one side of the segmented sedimentation tank 10 to the other side away from the segmented sedimentation tank 10, and the slope of the drainage chamber connection channel 30 is not greater than 10%.
[0033] The horizontal spacing between the lower wall side of the segmented roadway 4 of the next level and the upper level segmented roadway 4 of the present invention is L1-M, and satisfies L2=(L1-N)+(L1-M)-30m-2.5m, where L2 is the length of the horizontal roadway 12 of the next level segmented sedimentation tank 10. That is, L1-M is the spacing between the lower wall side of the upper and lower segments, which is determined by the ore body occurrence conditions, surrounding rock conditions and actual project layout.
[0034] The drainage channel 40 is a drainage hole or a drainage well. The drainage chamber 20 is provided with 2 to 4 drainage holes or a drainage well with a diameter not greater than 2.0 m. The wellhead of the drainage well is provided with a grid 60 not greater than 20 cm.
[0035] When the drainage channel 40 is a drainage hole, the drainage cave is provided with a spacing chamber 20 of 6.0m long×6.0m wide×6.0m high; when the drainage channel 40 is a drainage well, the drainage cave chamber 20 is 3.5m long×3.5m wide×4.0m high.
[0036] A drainage cofferdam 50 is also provided at the bottom of the drainage chamber 20 around the top opening of the drainage channel 40. The top elevation of the drainage cofferdam 50 is more than 50 cm lower than the elevation of the high end of the corresponding segmented sedimentation tank 10, and the height of the drainage cofferdam 50 is not higher than 2.5 m.
[0037] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the construction method of the underground multi-stage closed drainage system of the present invention includes the steps of construction of segmented sedimentation tanks, construction of drainage chambers, construction of drainage chambers, construction of drainage cofferdams, and construction of the next-level segmented sedimentation system, and the specific contents are as follows: A. Construction of segmented sedimentation tank: First, construct an inclined tunnel 11 with a slope of no more than 10% and a length of 20m to 40m from the middle part of the ore body to the lower wall side of the vertical segmented tunnel 4 at the elevation of the first segmented tunnel 4; then construct a horizontal tunnel 12 with a length of L1 horizontally along the lower end of the inclined tunnel 11 toward the face of the heading, so that the segmented sedimentation tank 10 of this segment is formed by the inclined tunnel 11 and the horizontal tunnel 12; B. Construction of drainage chamber connection: On one side of the segmented sedimentation tank 10, a drainage chamber connection 30 with a horizontal excavation length of D1 is constructed perpendicular to the segmented sedimentation tank 10 according to the extension direction of the ore body to the deep part. The horizontal spacing between the drainage chamber connection 30 and the corresponding segmented tunnel 4 is L1-M, and it satisfies (L1-N)+(L1-M)=30m+L2+2.5m, where L2 is the length of the horizontal tunnel 12 of the next-level segmented sedimentation tank 10; C. Construction of drainage chamber: A drainage chamber 20 is constructed at the end of the drainage chamber link 30, and a drainage channel 40 connected to the segmented sedimentation tank 10 of the next-level segmented sedimentation system or the middle-section lane drainage system is vertically arranged at the bottom of the drainage chamber 20; if 2 to 3 drainage holes are constructed in the drainage chamber 20 by using a reverse drilling rig as the drainage channel 40, the drainage chamber 20 is 6.0 m long × 6.0 m wide × 6.0 m high; if a drainage well with a diameter of no more than 2.0 m is constructed in the drainage chamber 20 by using a medium-deep hole as the drainage channel 40, the drainage chamber 20 is 3.5 m long × 3.5 m wide × 4.0 m high, and a grid 60 with a spacing of no more than 20 cm is arranged at the wellhead of the drainage well; D. Construction of drainage cofferdam: A drainage cofferdam 50 with a height not higher than 2.5m is constructed around the opening of the drainage hole or the wellhead of the drainage well in the drainage chamber 20, and the top elevation of the drainage cofferdam 50 is at least 50cm lower than the elevation of the high end of the corresponding staged sedimentation tank 10; E. Construction of the next-level segmented sedimentation system: According to the direction of the ore body extending into the depth, repeat steps A to D on the side of the next-level segmented tunnel 4, and the horizontal spacing between the lower wall of the next-level segmented tunnel 4 and the previous-level segmented tunnel 4 is L1-M, and satisfies L2=(L1-N)+(L1-M)-30m-2.5m, where L2 is the length of the horizontal tunnel 12 of the next-level segmented sedimentation tank 10.
[0038] The inclined tunnel 11 in step A is a three-center arch section of 2.5m×3.0m, and the horizontal tunnel 12 is a three-center arch section of 3.0m×3.0m.
[0039] The cross-sectional parameters of the inclined tunnel 11 and the horizontal tunnel 12 in step A can be changed according to the actual properties of the excavated rock mass, thereby adjusting the volume of the segmented sedimentation tank 10.
[0040] The drainage chamber connection channel 30 in step B is a three-center arch section of 2.5m×3.0m.
[0041] The drainage cofferdam 50 in step D has an inner diameter of 2 m, a bottom thickness of 0.5 m and a top thickness of 0.3 m.
[0042] The present invention also includes a step of reinforcing a segmented sedimentation tank. When the segmented sedimentation tank 10 of the next-level segmented sedimentation system passes under the segmented tunnel 4 of the previous level, the side walls and top walls of the segmented sedimentation tank 10 of the next-level segmented sedimentation system are symmetrically supported by anchor spraying for 10.0 m about the center line of the segmented tunnel 4 of the previous level, and the spraying thickness of the anchor spraying support is not less than 10 cm.
[0043] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, it is known that the sewage generated in the underground production operation of a mine needs to be precipitated, and then the runoff is collected and cut into the tunnel or the drainage hole to flow back to the underground water tank, and finally pumped to the surface. For this purpose, an underground multi-level closed drainage system is set up, and the specific construction process is as follows: S100: When the middle section cutting project of a certain mine is being carried out, each segmented tunnel 4 is excavated synchronously according to the extension direction of the ore body to the depth and the related supporting projects are constructed, and the production wastewater or filling and washing water of each segmented tunnel 4 enters the sedimentation tank.
[0044] S200: First, at the elevation of the first segmented tunnel 4, the middle part of the ore body is constructed with a slope of no more than 10% and a length of 20m to 40m from the vertical segmented tunnel 4 to the lower side. The inclined tunnel 11 is a three-center arch section of 2.5m×3.0m; then, a horizontal tunnel 12 of L1 length is constructed horizontally toward the face of the heading along the lower end of the inclined tunnel 11 (the length L1 of the horizontal tunnel 12 is determined according to the volume requirement of the segmented sedimentation tank 10), and the horizontal tunnel 12 is a three-center arch section of 3.0m×3.0m; thus, the segmented sedimentation tank 10 corresponding to the segmented tunnel 4 is formed by the inclined tunnel 11 and the horizontal tunnel 12. Among them, the cross-sectional parameters of the inclined tunnel 11 and the horizontal tunnel 12 can be changed according to the actual excavation rock mass properties, so that the volume of the segmented sedimentation tank 10 can be adjusted.
[0045] S300: On one of the two sides of the segmented sedimentation tank 10, a drainage chamber connecting channel 30 with a length of D1 horizontally excavated and perpendicular to the segmented sedimentation tank 10 is built according to the extension direction of the ore body to the depth (the length D1 of the drainage chamber connecting channel 30 is determined according to the spacing between the upper and lower segmented sedimentation tanks 10). The drainage chamber connecting channel 30 has a three-center arch section of 2.5m×3.0m. The horizontal spacing between the drainage chamber connecting channel 30 and the corresponding segmented tunnel 4 is L1-N, and L1-N meets the minimum safety distance of the safety pillars.
[0046] S400: construct a drainage chamber 20 at the end of the drainage chamber link 30, and vertically arrange a drainage channel 40 at the bottom of the drainage chamber 20, which is connected to the segmented sedimentation tank 10 of the next segmented sedimentation system or the drainage system of the middle section of the main lane. If 2 to 3 drainage holes are constructed in the drainage chamber 20 by using a reverse drilling rig as the drainage channel 40, the drainage chamber 20 is 6.0m long, 6.0m wide and 6.0m high; if a drainage well with a diameter of no more than 2.0m is constructed in the drainage chamber 20 by using a medium-deep hole as the drainage channel 40, the drainage chamber 20 is 3.5m long, 3.5m wide and 4.0m high, and a 22kg track is used at the wellhead of the drainage well to arrange a grille 60 with a spacing of no more than 20cm to prevent construction workers from falling in.
[0047] S500: A concrete drainage cofferdam 50 with an inner diameter of 2m, a bottom thickness of 0.5m, a top thickness of 0.3m and a height not higher than 2.5m is constructed around the opening of the drainage hole or the wellhead of the drainage well in the drainage chamber 20. The top elevation of the drainage cofferdam 50 is more than 50cm lower than the elevation of the high end of the corresponding segmented sedimentation tank 10, thereby improving the sedimentation efficiency while ensuring the safety of the operators.
[0048] S600: According to the direction of the ore body extending to the depth, repeat steps S200 to S500 on the side of the next-level segmented roadway 4 (such as the second segmented roadway 4 or the third segmented roadway 4), and the horizontal spacing between the lower wall of the next-level segmented roadway 4 and the upper-level segmented roadway 4 is L1-M, and L2=(L1-N)+(L1-M)-30m-2.5m is satisfied, where L2 is the length of the horizontal roadway 12 of the next-level segmented sedimentation tank 10. When constructing the second segmented sedimentation system 2, the length of the horizontal roadway 12 of the first segmented sedimentation system 1 is L1, and the length of the horizontal roadway 12 of the second segmented sedimentation system 2 is L2; and when constructing the third segmented sedimentation system 3, the length of the horizontal roadway 12 of the second segmented sedimentation system 1 is L1 at this time, and the length of the horizontal roadway 12 of the third segmented sedimentation system 3 is L2, and the same applies to the others.
[0049] S700: When the segmented sedimentation tank 10 of the next-level segmented sedimentation system passes under the segmented tunnel 4 of the previous level, the side walls and top walls of the segmented sedimentation tank 10 of the next-level segmented sedimentation system are symmetrically supported by anchor spraying for 10.0m along the center line of the previous segmented tunnel 4, and the thickness of the anchor spraying support is not less than 10cm. Finally, the sewage enters the drainage system of the middle-section tunnel after being precipitated by each segmented sedimentation system.
[0050] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. An underground multi-stage closed drainage system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first segmented sedimentation system (1), a second segmented sedimentation system (2), and a Kth segmented sedimentation system (3), wherein the elevations of the first segmented sedimentation system (1), the second segmented sedimentation system (2), and the Kth segmented sedimentation system (3) are successively lowered, and the first segmented sedimentation system (1), the second segmented sedimentation system (2), and the Kth segmented sedimentation system (3) are respectively arranged on one side or both sides of a corresponding segmented tunnel (4); The first segmented sedimentation system (1), the second segmented sedimentation system (2) and the Kth segmented sedimentation system (3) each comprise a segmented sedimentation tank (10), a drainage chamber (20) and a drainage channel (40), wherein the segmented sedimentation tank (10) is vertically arranged on one side of the corresponding segmented tunnel (4), the segmented sedimentation tank (10) extends obliquely downward from one side of the corresponding segmented tunnel (4) and the high end is connected to the segmented tunnel (4), the drainage chamber (20) is vertically arranged on one side of the corresponding segmented tunnel (4), the segmented sedimentation tank (10) is vertically arranged on one side of the corresponding segmented tunnel (4), the high end of ... 0) is arranged on one side of the segmented sedimentation tank (10), the drainage chamber (20) is connected to the segmented sedimentation tank (10) through the drainage chamber connecting channel (30), the drainage channel (40) is vertically arranged at the bottom of the drainage chamber (20), the bottom end of the drainage channel (40) is connected to the segmented sedimentation tank (10) of the next segmented sedimentation system, and the bottom end of the drainage channel (40) of the Kth segmented sedimentation system (3) is connected to the middle section main lane drainage system below.
2. The underground multi-stage closed drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The K is an integer not less than 3; the segmented sedimentation tank (10) comprises an inclined tunnel (11) and a horizontal tunnel (12); the slope of the inclined tunnel (11) is not greater than 10% and the high end is connected to the corresponding segmented tunnel (4); the inclined tunnel (11) is constructed from the middle part of the ore body at the elevation of the corresponding segmented tunnel (4) to the lower side of the vertical segmented tunnel (4); and the horizontal tunnel (12) extends horizontally from the low end of the inclined tunnel (11) to the heading face.
3. The underground multi-stage closed drainage system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The inclined tunnel (11) is 20m to 40m long and has a three-center arch cross section of 2.5m×3.0m, and the horizontal tunnel (12) is L1 long and has a three-center arch cross section of 3.0m×3.0m.
4. The underground multi-stage closed drainage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drainage chamber connecting channel (30) is horizontally excavated for a length D1 on one side of the segmented sedimentation tank (10) according to the extension direction of the ore body to the depth, perpendicular to the segmented sedimentation tank (10), and the horizontal spacing between the drainage chamber connecting channel (30) and the corresponding segmented tunnel (4) is L1-N, and L1-N meets the minimum safety distance of the safety pillar.
5. The underground multi-stage closed drainage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The horizontal spacing between the lower wall of the next-level segmented tunnel (4) and the upper-level segmented tunnel (4) is L1-M, and satisfies L2=(L1-N)+(L1-M)-30m-2.5m, where L2 is the length of the horizontal tunnel (12) of the next-level segmented sedimentation tank (10).
6. The underground multi-stage closed drainage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drainage channel (40) is a drainage hole or a drainage well. The drainage chamber (20) is provided with 2 to 4 drainage holes or a drainage well with a diameter not greater than 2.0 m. The wellheads of the drainage wells are provided with grilles (60) with a spacing of not greater than 20 cm.
7. The underground multi-stage closed drainage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the drainage channel (40) is a drainage hole, the drainage chamber (20) is 6.0 m long, 6.0 m wide, and 6.0 m high; when the drainage channel (40) is a drainage well, the drainage chamber (20) is 3.5 m long, 3.5 m wide, and 4.0 m high.
8. The underground multi-stage closed drainage system according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: A drainage cofferdam (50) is also provided at the bottom of the drainage chamber (20) around the top opening of the drainage channel (40), the top elevation of the drainage cofferdam (50) being at least 50 cm lower than the elevation of the high end of the corresponding segmented sedimentation tank (10), and the height of the drainage cofferdam (50) is not higher than 2.5 m.
9. A construction method for the underground multi-stage closed drainage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It includes the construction of segmented sedimentation tanks, drainage chamber joints, drainage chambers, drainage cofferdams, and the next level of segmented sedimentation system construction steps. The specific contents are as follows: A. Construction of segmented sedimentation tanks: First, an inclined tunnel (11) with a slope of no more than 10% and a length of 20m to 40m is constructed from the middle part of the ore body at the elevation of the first segmented tunnel (4) to the lower wall side, perpendicular to the segmented tunnel (4); then, a horizontal tunnel (12) with a length of L1 is constructed horizontally along the lower end of the inclined tunnel (11) toward the face of the working face, so that the segmented sedimentation tank (10) of the segment is formed by the inclined tunnel (11) and the horizontal tunnel (12); B. Construction of drainage chamber connection: On one side of the segmented sedimentation tank (10), a drainage chamber connection (30) with a horizontal excavation length of D1 perpendicular to the segmented sedimentation tank (10) is constructed according to the extension direction of the ore body to the depth. The horizontal spacing between the drainage chamber connection (30) and the corresponding segmented tunnel (4) is L1-N, and L1-N meets the minimum safety distance of the safety pillar. C. Construction of drainage chamber: A drainage chamber (20) is constructed at the end of the drainage chamber link (30), and a drainage channel (40) is vertically arranged at the bottom of the drainage chamber (20) to communicate with the segmented sedimentation tank (10) of the next segmented sedimentation system or the drainage system of the middle lane; if 2 to 3 drainage holes are constructed in the drainage chamber (20) by using a reverse drilling rig as the drainage channel (40), the drainage chamber (20) is 6.0 m long, 6.0 m wide and 6.0 m high; if a drainage well with a diameter of not more than 2.0 m is constructed in the drainage chamber (20) by using a medium-deep hole as the drainage channel (40), the drainage chamber (20) is 3.5 m long, 3.5 m wide and 4.0 m high, and a grille (60) with a spacing of not more than 20 cm is arranged at the wellhead of the drainage well; D. Construction of drainage cofferdam: A drainage cofferdam (50) with a height not higher than 2.5 m is constructed around the opening of the drainage hole or the wellhead of the drainage well in the drainage chamber (20). The top elevation of the drainage cofferdam (50) is at least 50 cm lower than the elevation of the high end of the corresponding segmented sedimentation tank (10); E. Construction of the next-level segmented sedimentation system: According to the direction of the ore body extending into the depth, repeat steps A to D on the side of the next-level segmented tunnel (4), and the horizontal spacing between the lower wall of the next-level segmented tunnel (4) and the previous-level segmented tunnel (4) is L1-M, and satisfies L2=(L1-N)+(L1-M)-30m-2.5m, where L2 is the length of the horizontal tunnel (12) of the next-level segmented sedimentation tank (10).
10. The construction method of the underground multi-stage closed drainage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method further includes a step of reinforcing and supporting the segmented sedimentation tank. When the segmented sedimentation tank (10) of the next-level segmented sedimentation system passes under the segmented tunnel (4) of the previous level, the side walls and top walls of the segmented sedimentation tank (10) of the next-level segmented sedimentation system are symmetrically supported by anchor spraying for 10.0 m about the center line of the segmented tunnel (4) of the previous level, and the thickness of the anchor spraying support is not less than 10 cm.