Single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain measuring device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of outer ballistic parameter measurement, and particularly relates to a single-rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain measurement device and a single-rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain measurement method. The device comprises two single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtains which are parallel to each other; the single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain comprises a rectangular detection light curtain and a rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device which are arranged in the same plane, and the arrangement position of the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device coincides with the edge of the rectangular detection light curtain. The measurement method comprises the following steps: acquiring a projectile shock wave signal; rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection devices in the first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain and the second single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain respectively record the arrival time of shock waves; resolving a shock wave apparent velocity component; calculating a flying projectile coordinate and a coordinate difference value thereof; calculating an azimuth angle gamma, a pitching projection angle gamma 2 and a pitching angle theta of the flying projectile when the flying projectile passes through the first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain; and calculating the velocity vector v of the flying projectile. The measuring device is clear and simple in structure, and the measuring method is simple and easy to implement; the trigger signal and the shock wave arrival signal are mutually independent; and the measured projectile has no aperture and incident angle requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of exterior ballistic parameter measurement, and in particular relates to a single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain measurement device and method. Background Art

[0002] The external ballistic parameters of supersonic projectiles are technical parameters different from those of subsonic and subsonic projectiles, and are an emerging direction for the development of new weapons and equipment. The measurement of external ballistic parameters mainly focuses on the measurement of projectile flight speed, spatial coordinates, pitch angle and azimuth angle. At present, the main measurement methods are: sky curtain target measurement technology, light curtain array measurement technology and acoustic target measurement technology.

[0003] Sky-curtain target measurement technology is a passive measurement method that uses the sky as a background light source. It is easily affected by environmental factors, mainly due to low illumination in cloudy skies, poor measurement conditions on rainy and snowy days, and measurement failure at night due to lack of background light. Light curtain array measurement technology is characterized by high precision and is widely used in various exterior ballistic parameter measurement scenarios. However, in the exterior ballistic parameter measurement of supersonic projectiles, the attached shock wave in front of the warhead will cause the detection light curtain to be triggered in advance, which interferes with the extraction of the triggering moment and increases the difficulty of subsequent time interval calculation. Acoustic targets have a good advantage in long-distance measurements during the measurement process, but in close-range measurements or exterior ballistic parameter measurements of low-profile ballistic weapons, signal aliasing is prone to occur, resulting in inaccurate extraction of time information and erroneous measurement results.

[0004] Patent "ZL202211450015.9" mainly uses interference optical path as a sensing method to measure shock waves, with high measurement accuracy. However, it is difficult to lay out the four interference optical paths in one detection surface, and the total of eight optical paths must be in one plane. Moreover, this method cannot measure the external ballistic parameters of projectiles incident at an inclined angle. Patent "ZL202310065193.8" mainly uses laser transmitting arrays and photoelectric detector receiving arrays to form transmitting-receiving pairs, and they are arranged in a sparse form. Although the conditions for installation and debugging are simplified, the laser optical path exists in the detection surface, and there is a situation where the projectile passes through the laser optical path, resulting in abnormal output signals from the photoelectric detector receiving array and erroneous measurement results. Secondly, the trigger signal is extracted from the shock wave after propagating to the laser optical path, and the trigger moment is established to establish an equation for solution. In addition to the time extraction accuracy, other measurement errors will be introduced during the calculation process, which may lead to large errors in the measurement results. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain measurement device and method, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that the outer ballistic parameters of a projectile incident at an inclined angle cannot be measured and the measurement result has a large error.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain measurement device, comprising two single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtains parallel to each other and with a spacing of H, to collect the projectile passing through the curtain signal and its shock wave signal:

[0007] The single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain comprises a rectangular detection light curtain and a rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device in the same plane, and the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device is arranged at a position that coincides with the edge of the rectangular detection light curtain;

[0008] The rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device is composed of four linear photoacoustic detectors, which are composed of a linear laser emitter and a photoelectric detector with a spacing of L. The four linear photoacoustic detectors constitute the four sides of a rectangle.

[0009] The specific structure of the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device is as follows: four linear laser emitters are distributed at the four corners of the rectangle, and adjacent linear laser emitters are arranged perpendicular to each other in space; four photodetectors are distributed at the four corners of the rectangle, and adjacent photodetectors are arranged perpendicular to each other in space; the linear laser emitters and photodetectors arranged on the same side form a linear photoacoustic detector with a spacing of L, and the four groups of linear laser emitters and photodetectors at the four corners of the rectangle constitute a rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device.

[0010] Furthermore, the specific structure of the above-mentioned rectangular halo photoacoustic detection device is as follows: four linear laser emitters are divided into two groups and are symmetrically distributed on the diagonals of the rectangle, two linear laser emitters are distributed perpendicularly to each other at one corner of the rectangle, and the other group of linear laser emitters is distributed at corresponding positions on the diagonal corner; four photoelectric detectors are arranged in the form of four linear laser emitters, and each group of photoelectric detectors and each group of linear laser emitters are arranged orthogonally to each other at the four corners of the rectangle.

[0011] A single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain measurement method based on the above device includes the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Adjust the position of the linear laser emitter and align the laser light path. When the projectile passes through the rectangular detection light curtain, a trigger signal is generated, and the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device on the two single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtains begins to collect the projectile shock wave signal.

[0013] Step 2: Record the triggering time t when the bullet passes through the first rectangular detection light curtain and the second rectangular detection light curtain 0 , t' 0 , record the arrival time t of the shock wave recorded by the four linear photoacoustic detectors on the left, bottom, right and top sides of the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device in the first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain a ,t b ,tc ,t d , record the arrival time t' of the shock wave recorded by the four linear photoacoustic detectors on the left, bottom, right and top sides of the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device in the second single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain a , t' b , t' c , t' d ;

[0014] Step 3: According to the distance L between the linear laser emitter and the photoelectric detector, and combined with the triggering time and arrival time in step 2, establish the shock wave apparent velocity component calculation equation and solve the shock wave apparent velocity component v x+ 、v x- 、v y+ 、v y- ;

[0015] Step 4, calculating the coordinates (x, y), (x', y') of the flying projectile in the first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain and the second single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain and their coordinate differences (Δx, Δy);

[0016] Step 5: Calculate the azimuth angle γ and elevation projection angle γ of the flying projectile passing through the first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain 2 and its pitch angle θ;

[0017] Step 6: Calculate the velocity vector v of the flying projectile.

[0018] Furthermore, in the above step 3, the calculation equation of the apparent velocity component is:

[0019]

[0020] The solution for the apparent velocity component of the shock wave in the y direction is similar.

[0021] Furthermore, in the fourth step above, the calculation formulas for the coordinate positions (x, y), (x', y') and their coordinate differences (Δx, Δy) are:

[0022]

[0023] Furthermore, in the fifth step, the azimuth angle γ and the elevation projection angle γ of the flying projectile when passing through the first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain (5) are 2 The calculation formula of its pitch angle θ is:

[0024]

[0025] Furthermore, in the sixth step above, the calculation formula for the flying projectile velocity vector v is:

[0026]

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0028] (1) The structure of the measuring device is clear and simple, and the measuring method is simple and easy to implement: the structure provided by the present invention is simple and clear, and only a rectangular detection light curtain and a rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device constitute a single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain; the position of the linear photoacoustic detector in the deployed rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device is easy to fix and install. Since there is only one rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device, there is no need to additionally judge the triggering sequence of the linear photoacoustic detector during the measurement process, which simplifies the solution process; the measurement method is real-time, and the arrival time and triggering time of each measurement are closely related to the flight state of the projectile at that time, avoiding the measurement of the shock wave front propagation speed, that is, the ambient sound speed, and the method is simple and easy to implement.

[0029] (2) The trigger signal and the shock wave arrival signal are independent of each other: the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device is placed at the same position as the edge of the rectangular detection light curtain. The laser light paths of the four linear photoacoustic detectors are located at the edge of the rectangular detection light curtain. When the projectile passes through the detection light curtain area, it only generates a trigger signal for the detection light curtain and will not cause false triggering. This ensures that the linear photoacoustic detector is triggered only by the shock wave, thus achieving the independence of the detection light curtain trigger signal and the shock wave arrival signal of the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device.

[0030] (3) There is no requirement for the caliber and incident angle of the projectile being measured: Since the single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain measurement device can solve the azimuth and pitch angle of the projectile when it passes through on the first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain, there is no requirement for the incident condition of the projectile, and the measurement process has no constraints on the projectile caliber, and the flight parameters of supersonic projectiles of various calibers can be measured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is the measurement principle diagram of the method of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is the measurement principle diagram of xoz projection surface;

[0033] Figure 3 This is the principle diagram of measurement in the YOZ projection plane;

[0034] Figure 4 This is another structural schematic diagram of a rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device.

[0035] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0036] 1-linear laser emitter; 2-photoelectric detector; 3-first rectangular detection light curtain; 4-rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device; 5-first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combination light curtain; 6-second single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combination light curtain, 7-second rectangular detection light curtain. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technology of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to relevant drawings and embodiments.

[0038] The present invention provides a single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain measurement device, see Figure 1 , including two single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtains parallel to each other and with a spacing of H, specifically including a first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain 5 and a second single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain 6, which are used to collect the projectile passing through the curtain signal and its shock wave signal:

[0039] The first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combination light curtain 5 includes a first rectangular detection light curtain 3 and a rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device 4 in the same plane, and the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device 4 is placed at the same position as the edge of the first rectangular detection light curtain 3; the second single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combination light curtain 6 includes a second rectangular detection light curtain 7 and a rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device 4 in the same plane, and the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device 4 is placed at the same position as the edge of the second rectangular detection light curtain 7.

[0040] The rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device 4 is composed of four linear photoacoustic detectors, which are composed of a linear laser emitter 1 and a photoelectric detector 2 with a spacing L. The four linear photoacoustic detectors constitute the four sides of a rectangle.

[0041] The specific structure of the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device 4 is as follows: four linear laser emitters 1 are distributed at the four corners of the rectangle, and adjacent linear laser emitters 1 are arranged perpendicular to each other in space; four photodetectors 2 are distributed at the four corners of the rectangle, and adjacent photodetectors 2 are arranged perpendicular to each other in space; the linear laser emitters 1 and photodetectors 2 arranged on the same side form a linear photoacoustic detector with a spacing L, and the four groups of linear laser emitters 1 and photodetectors 2 on the four corners of the rectangle constitute a rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device 4.

[0042] The measuring principle of the present invention is: a flying projectile passes through a detection light curtain, blocks part of the light from the light source, generates a changing radiation flux on the photosensitive surface of the receiving end, and outputs a projectile passing the curtain signal as a trigger signal. This process is optical sensing; the flying projectile drags the projectile shock wave forward along a predetermined trajectory, and the shock wave reaches the optical path of the linear photoacoustic detector, compresses the air, changes the refractive index in the medium, causes the laser spot received on the photoelectric detector of the linear photoacoustic detector to shake, generates a changing radiation flux on the photosensitive surface of the photoelectric detector, and outputs a shock wave arrival signal. This process is acoustic sensing.

[0043] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The present invention provides a single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain measurement method, comprising the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: Adjust the position of the linear laser transmitter 1 to align the laser light path.

[0045] The main optical axis of the linear photoacoustic detector on the lower side of the first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain 5 is the x-axis; the main optical axis of the linear photoacoustic detector on the left side is the y-axis, and the plane formed by the optical axis of the first rectangular detection light curtain and the linear photoacoustic detector is coplanar. The second single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain 6 is placed at the rear side S, with the x' axis and the y' axis co-anterior.

[0046] The projectile passes through the first rectangular detection light curtain 3 and the second rectangular detection light curtain 7 in the first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain 5 and the second single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain 6 respectively, and the shock wave signal is collected by the two rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection devices 4 on the two single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtains;

[0047] Step 2: Record the triggering time t when the bullet passes through the first rectangular detection light curtain 3 and the second rectangular detection light curtain 7 0 , t' 0 , record the arrival time t of the shock wave recorded by the four linear photoacoustic detectors on the left, bottom, right and top sides of the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device 4 in the first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain 5 a ,t b ,t c ,t d , record the arrival time t' of the shock wave recorded by the four linear photoacoustic detectors on the left, bottom, right and top sides of the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device 4 in the second single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain 6 a , t' b , t' c , t' d ;

[0048] Step 3: According to the distance L between the linear laser emitter 1 and the photodetector 2, and in combination with the triggering time and arrival time in step 2, establish the shock wave apparent velocity component calculation equation, and solve the shock wave apparent velocity component v x+ 、v x- 、v y+ 、v y- :

[0049] The calculation equation of the apparent velocity component is:

[0050]

[0051] The solution for the apparent velocity component of the shock wave in the y direction is similar.

[0052] Step 4: Calculate the coordinates (x, y), (x', y') of the flying projectile in the first rectangular detection light curtain 3 and the second rectangular detection light curtain 7 and their coordinate differences (Δx, Δy):

[0053] The calculation formula of the coordinate position (x, y), (x', y') and its coordinate difference (Δx, Δy) is:

[0054]

[0055] Step 5: Calculate the azimuth angle γ and the elevation projection angle γ when the flying projectile passes through the first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain 5 2 And its pitch angle θ:

[0056] The azimuth angle γ and the elevation projection angle γ of the flying projectile when passing through the first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain 5 2 The calculation formula of its pitch angle θ is:

[0057]

[0058] Step 6. Calculate the velocity vector v of the flying projectile:

[0059] The calculation formula of the flying projectile velocity vector v is:

[0060]

[0061] See also Figure 4 The second specific structure of the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device 4 is as follows: four linear laser emitters 1 are divided into two groups and symmetrically distributed on the diagonals of the rectangle, two linear laser emitters are perpendicularly distributed at one corner of the rectangle, and another group of linear laser emitters are distributed at corresponding positions on the diagonal; four photodetectors 2 are arranged in the form of four linear laser emitters 1, but each group of photodetectors 2 and each group of linear laser emitters 1 are orthogonally arranged at the four corners of the rectangle.

[0062] The embodiments described above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any simple changes or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions that can be obviously obtained by any technician familiar with the field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain measurement device, characterized in that: It includes two single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtains parallel to each other and with a spacing of H, which collect the projectile passing through the curtain signal and its shock wave signal; The single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain comprises a rectangular detection light curtain and a rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device (4) in the same plane, and the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device (4) is arranged at a position that coincides with the edge of the rectangular detection light curtain; The rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device (4) is composed of four linear photoacoustic detectors, which are composed of a linear laser emitter (1) and a photoelectric detector (2) with a spacing L, and the four linear photoacoustic detectors form the four sides of a rectangle.

2. A multi-rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific structure of the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device (4) is as follows: four linear laser emitters (1) are distributed at the four corners of the rectangle, and adjacent linear laser emitters (1) are arranged perpendicular to each other in space; four photoelectric detectors (2) are distributed at the four corners of the rectangle, and adjacent photoelectric detectors (2) are arranged perpendicular to each other in space; the linear laser emitters (1) and photoelectric detectors (2) arranged on the same side form a linear photoacoustic detector with a spacing L, and the four groups of linear laser emitters (1) and photoelectric detectors (2) at the four corners of the rectangle form a rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device (4).

3. The multi-rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific structure of the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device (4) is as follows: four linear laser emitters (1) are divided into two groups and symmetrically distributed on the diagonals of the rectangle, two linear laser emitters are perpendicularly distributed at one corner of the rectangle, and another group of linear laser emitters are distributed at corresponding positions on the diagonal corner; four photoelectric detectors (2) are arranged in the form of four linear laser emitters (1), and each group of photoelectric detectors (2) and each group of linear laser emitters (1) are orthogonally arranged at the four corners of the rectangle.

4. A single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain measurement method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: adjust the position of the linear laser emitter (1) to align the laser light path, wait for the projectile to pass through the rectangular detection light curtain, generate a trigger signal, and the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device (4) on the two single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtains starts to collect the projectile shock wave signal; Step 2: Record the triggering time t0 and t'0 of the bullet passing through the first rectangular detection light curtain (3) and the second rectangular detection light curtain (7), and record the arrival time t of the shock wave recorded by the four linear photoacoustic detectors on the left, bottom, right and top sides of the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device (4) in the first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain (5). a ,t b ,t c ,t d , record the arrival time t' of the shock wave recorded by four linear photoacoustic detectors on the left, bottom, right and top sides of the rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection device (4) in the second single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain (6) a , t' b , t' c , t' d ; Step 3: According to the distance L between the linear laser emitter (1) and the photoelectric detector (2), and in combination with the triggering time and the arrival time in step 2, establish the shock wave apparent velocity component calculation equation, and solve the shock wave apparent velocity component v x+ 、v x- 、v y+ 、v y- ; Step 4, calculating the coordinates (x, y), (x', y') of the flying projectile in the first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain (5) and the second single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain (6) and their coordinate differences (Δx, Δy); Step 5, calculating the azimuth angle γ and the elevation projection angle γ2 and the elevation angle θ of the flying projectile when it passes through the first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain (5); Step 6: Calculate the velocity vector v of the flying projectile.

5. The single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain measurement method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step 3, the calculation equation of the apparent velocity component is: The solution for the apparent velocity component of the shock wave in the y direction is similar.

6. A single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain measurement method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the fourth step, the calculation formula of the coordinate position (x, y), (x', y') and its coordinate difference (Δx, Δy) is:

7. A single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain measurement method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the fifth step, the calculation formulas for the azimuth angle γ, the elevation projection angle γ2 and the elevation angle θ of the flying projectile when passing through the first single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain (5) are as follows:

8. A single rectangular light ring photoacoustic detection combined light curtain measurement method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the sixth step, the calculation formula of the flying projectile velocity vector v is:

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